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• The main environmental problems of the Baltic Sea and the ways to solve them

  The Baltic Sea is a unique ecological system, an integral part of the global ecological system, which is in urgent need of protection from destructive anthropogenic impact stemming from the production and consumption of nuclear energy and artificial radionuclides,...

• EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region: Challenges and Perspectives of International Cooperation

  This article describes the main characteristics of international cooperation in the Baltic Sea Region (BSR) within the framework of the EU macroregional strategy. The analysis of the key directions, structure, and the Strategy implementation mechanisms demonstrates its experimental and innovative nature. At the same time, the authors identify ...

• Variability of climatic characteristics оver the South-East Baltic coastal waters in the early XXI century

  The study is focused on features of hydrometeorological conditions in the southeastern Baltic Sea and their trends assessment for 2005—2019 (climatic half period). The authors used the data from field observations of atmospheric pressure, wind direction and speed, and air temperature from the automatic hydrometeorological station located offshore,...

• Motors for regional development: impact on regional political organizations on the university cooperation in the Baltic Sea region

  Educational co-operation is one of the main aspects of the regional political agenda in the Baltic Sea Region. The article analyzes the political impact of the organizations, as perceived by the universities in the region and political decision-makers on national and regional levels. Based on the success of the OECD in becoming an influential actor ...

• Approaches to the Definition of the Baltic Sea Region

  The Baltic Sea region is one of the most developed and well-formed regions of international cooperation. It is a place for promoting collaboration between businesses, non-profits, public authorities, and municipalities of the countries located on the Baltic Sea ...

• Strategic perspectives for the territorial development of the Baltic Sea Region

  The article describes the motives, objectives and findings of preparing a perspective for territorial development of the Baltic Sea Region and discusses issues related to its implementation. Particular attention is paid to Northwest Russia and Kaliningrad region. Promoting innovation clusters, metropolitan networks and urban-rural partnerships, improving accessibility as well ...

• The Baltic Sea Region and the Black Sea Area: Two Pieces of the Same Puzzle

  The Baltic Sea region and the Black Sea area are overlapping regions that have their own political, historical and cultural peculiarities. They belong to the same geopolitical system, within which they are developing two regional cooperation subsystems strongly ...

• Russia and the European Union in the Baltic region: a treacherous path to partnership

  This article examines policies of Moscow and Brussels in the Baltics since the launch of the European Union’s Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region in June 2009. An increase in the efficiency of Russia’s policy in the region requires not only the development of bilateral relations with the region’s countries but also a dialogue with the European Union, the key player in the Baltic....

• The European Union Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region and accomplishments

  The sea and inland hinterland of Baltic Europe form a unique macro-regional unit. Strong collaboration links, and competition in the Baltic Sea region, are an inherent feature of the region from the beginning of its civilization development. Since 2004, the ...

• Chlorophyll «a» concentration in the South-Eastern Baltic Sea in summer 2018 (on satellite data)

  The study focuses on chlorophyll "a"concentration variability in the South-Eastern part of the Baltic sea in summer 2018. The data of the MODIS radiometer installed on Aqua and Terra satellites were used for the analysis. The average concentration of chlorophyll "a" in the warm period of 2018 (May-August) was 3.8 mg/m3 while the average sea ...

• From the idea to the strategy of Baltic Europe

  ... author, Baltic Europe is being formed as a single administrative, economic, cultural and infrastructural area, which could become a new economic and cultural center of Europe. Special emphasis is given to policies and strategies of the EU in the Baltic Sea region. 1.        Andrulewicz E., 1994, Morze Bałtyckie, jego zagrożenia i ochrona, Państwowa Inspekcja Ochrony Środowiska, Warszawa. 2.        Ciechanowicz J ., 1995, Polska racja stanu a Europa Ba ł tycka , [ in :] Cz ....

• On the possibile contrinution of advection into the formation of CIL in the Baltic Sea

  This article offers the results of an analysis of mean annual (1952—2005) data on the temperature and salinity in the Baltic Sea published by the Institute for Baltic Sea Research (Warnemünde, Germany). The data were averaged by months, one-degree quadrants, and 10 meter-thick layers. It was found that, throughout the year, 54 % of the minimum sea water temperatures in the ...

• Paleoecological conditions of the Gdansk ba­sin in Holocene in the complex analysis of short sediment cores

  The article is aimed at reconstructing the paleoecological conditions in the Gdansk Basin of the Baltic Sea in the Late Holocene. The hydrological and hydrochemical conditions of its isolated bottom layer are strongly influenced by water exchange with the North Sea, which in connected to the World Ocean. Information on environmental conditions in the past ...

• Modern Hanseatic Trends in the Baltic Region

  ... material for the study of the 21st century Baltic regionalisation. Current trends in the development of the Baltic region, whose academic analysis is impossible without considering earlier cases of successful interactions between the peoples of the Baltic Sea region, necessitate political, economic, and historical research on the strengths and weaknesses of the Hanseatic League. Unfortunately, in the 21st century, the Baltic region turned into a stage for geopolitical controversies. This took a toll on ...

• The role of transborder cooperation in the increase of innovative potential of the Baltic region

  The article aims at analyzing the role of cross-border cooperation in the development of innovation potential of the Baltic Sea Region. The author analyzes the projects in the framework of the Neighborhood Programs implemented in 2000—2006 and related to the development of innovation potential in the Baltic Sea Region, particularly in the South-East Baltic. The author makes ...

• On the role of Arctic cod in the nutrition of abundant bird species of the Barents Sea

  This article analyses the role of Arctic cod—the most abundant representative of Arctic fish fauna in the food web of the Barents Sea ecosystems. The author estimates the degree of its consumption by the most abundant seabirds-ichthyophagist (northern fulmar, Brünnich's guillemot, black-legged kittiwake) and performs ccalculations that can serve as a basis for bioresource forecasting ...

• International legal protection of marine environment from vessel-source pollution

  ... international law on the protection of marine environment from vessel-source pollution. The universal and regional levels of legal regulation of preventing marine environment pollution are identified. Special attention is paid to the status of the Baltic Sea as a “special area” and as a “particularly sensitive sea area”. 1. Meeresumweltschutz für Nord- und Ostsee: Sondergutachten, Februar 2004 /SRU, Der Rat von Sachverständigen für Umweltfragen. Baden-Baden, 2004. 2. Maritime Group (HELCOM ...

• The influence of the sea on the economic development and settlement structure in the Baltic Sea region

  Earliest studies into the influence of the sea on the economy and settlement structure date back to the mid-19th century. They became common in the 20th century. Researchers have come to a general understanding that a coastal position has a beneficial effect on the development of regions. Such ...

• A functional description of the model for the protection of the environmental interests of the Russian Federation in the Baltic Sea region

  ... countries and regions, the economies of which affect the safety of Russia’s interests in the Baltic, do not coincide with the boundaries of the ecosystems. This calls for a study of the legal protection of Russia’s environmental interests in the Baltic Sea region. There is no legal mechanism for ensuring a balance between the interests of development and those of environmental security of the countries that have shorelines along the Baltic Sea. Thus, it is necessary to give a functional description ...

• Strategic opportunities for economic development of the Baltic Sea coastal zones and sea industrial and port complexes

  ... changes in the strategic situation in order to maintain the components of marine potential of the Russian Federation at the level of its national interests. The article aims to develop an indicator system of assessment of coastal zone potential, and sea industrial and port facilities in order to identify the characteristic and strategic capacities of the economic development of these territories in the complex approach. The research methodology is based on the assessment of marine potential of coastal ...

• Economic and Geographical Structure of the Baltic Sea region

  The Baltic Sea region is one of the most developed transnational regions. It comprises the coastal areas of Russia, Germany, and Poland and the entire territories of Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. New spatial forms of international economic ...

• A methodology for research on international cooperation on marine environment protection: application of the Baltic Sea practices to the northern seas

  This article is dedicated to the methodology for the study of international cooperation on marine environment protection. The author suggests applying the practices of marine environment protection in the Baltic Sea to the northern seas as well as examining earlier projects for the effective implementation of interdisciplinary initiatives bringing together international law, international relations and world politics. 1. Gorbachev, M. S. 1987. Pravda. 2 oktjabrja....

• The transnational territorial transport system of the Baltic Region

  In this paper we focus on the structure and territorial borders of the Baltic Sea region, and examine the key structural elements of the transnational territorial transport system. In this respect, we clarify some terms used in transport geography. For the first time the transport system gets territorially localized, which allows ...

• Implementation of the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) code and amendments to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS 74/78) for ship-building

  ... Analyse von Piraterie und maritimem Terrorismus. Hamburg, 2011. 8. Frittelli J. Port and maritime security: background and issues for congress // Vesky J. Port and maritime security. N. Y., 2008. P. 11—41. 9. Jenisch U. Piracy, Navies and the Law of the Sea; the Case of Somalia // WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs. 2009. Vol. 8, № 2. P. 123—143. 10. Klein N. Maritime security and the law of the sea. Oxford, 2011. 11. Liss C. Oceans of crime: maritime piracy and transnational security in Southeast ...

• The impact of environmental factors on the distribution of Macoma balthica (Linnaeus 1758) and Mytilus edulis (Linnaeus 1758) in the southeastern part of the Baltic Sea

  This article offers the results of research on the influence of environmental factors on the distribution of two abundant bivalve species – Macoma balthica and Mytilus eduli – in the south-east of the Baltic Sea. First of all, the distribution of species was determined by the types of soils. The distribution of molluscs in deep-water sectors was limited by oxygen deficiency in near-bottom waters. 1. Гусев А.   А., Урбанович О.   А. ...

• Macroalgae Suggested for Inclusion in the New Edition of the Red List of the Kaliningrad region

  ... (Cladophoraceae, Chlorophyta) в реках на севере Европейской России // Ботанический журнал. 2013. Т. 98, № 10. С. 1201―1211. 11. Bäck S., Kautsky H., Kruk-Dowgiallo L., Jurgilaite D. Phytobenthos // Baltic Sea Environment Proceedings No. 82B. Environment of the Baltic Sea area 1994—1998. Helsinki, 2002. P. 164―165. 12. Brzeska P., Wozniczka A., Pelechaty M., Blindow I. New records of Chara connivens P. Salzmann ex A. Braun 1835 — an extremely rare ...

• Crossborder and trans-border cooperation of medium-sized cities of Kaliningrad region in Baltic Sea Region

  The forms of crossborder and transborder cooperation of mediumsized cities of Kaliningrad region in Baltic Sea Region are described. The description of wto European Union’s instruments for international cooperation in Baltic Sea Region is presented. The short analysis of participation of medium-sized cities of Kaliningrad region in projects of programmes ...

• The Erasmus Mundus programme as a vehicle for development

  ... OECD and the Millennium Development Goals, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, available at: http://www.oecd. org/document/37/0,3746,en_2649_33721_34087845_1_1_1_1,00.html (accessed 17 December 2010). 2. EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region, European Comission, available at:http://ec.europa.eu/regional_ policy/cooperation/baltic/index_en.htm (accessed 12 November 2010). 3. EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region, Baltic Sea Portal, available at: http://www.itameriportaali.fi/en/suojelu/euyhteistyo/en_GB/eunitameristrategia/ ...

• Forecasting Actions of Baltic elites: A Scenario Approach

  ... 113—114. 4. Hrustalev, M. A. 2015, Analiz mezhdunarodnyh situacij i politicheskaja jekspertiza [Analysis of the International Situation and Political Expertise], Moscow, p. 39—51. 5. Klemeshev, A. P. Mezhevich, N. M., Fedorov, G. M. 2015, The Baltic Sea Region: The Territory and Inner Structure, Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, MCSER Publishing, Rome-ltaly, Vol 6, no. 6, December, p. 212—219. 6. Boll, G. 1968, The Discipline of Power. Essentials of Modern World Structure, Boston, p. 15—16....

• Opportunities for sustainable economic development of the coastal territories of the Baltic Sea Region in the context of digital transformation

  The article explores opportunities for the sustainable economic development of coastal territories in the Baltic Sea region (BSR) arising in blue economy sectors in the framework of digital transformation. The study argues that a more active commercialisation of territorial resources can facilitate the sustainable economic development of the BSR coastal territories,...

• The Evolution, or Seasonal and Interannual Variability, of the Diurnal Variation of Hydrometeorological Fields in the Southern Baltic Sea

  ... the dew point Td (relative humidity f), the sea-level atmospheric pressure P0, and the wind speed W. The data were obtained by a Mini- KRAMS-4 hydrometeorological facility installed within Russia’s exclusive economic zone in the southeastern Baltic Sea on the LUKOIL-KMN (D6) offshore ice-resistant fixed platform and at MARNET monitoring stations of the German Oceanographic Datacentre (BSH / DOD (M41)) in 2002—2016. Alongside meteorological elements, we studied the temperature Tw and the salinity ...

• Geopolitical and Geo-economic Changes in the Baltic Sea Region at the Turn of the XX—XXI centuries

  The article describes the process and results of the geopolitical and geoeconomic changes in the Baltic Sea region at the turn of the XX and XXI centuries. The authors assess the political, economic and military potential of individual countries and groups of countries. Ranking the selected countries and grouping them according to the similarity of their ...

• Small business developing the regional Identity: a case study in the Baltic Sea Region

  This article compares the frequency of the use of the toponym 'Baltic' in the names of small enterprises in Baltic cities. The author draws conclusions on the role of small business in the development of regional identity in the Baltic Sea region and assesses the prospects for the formation of a regional business community in the Baltic region. 1.  Барыгин И.   Н. (ред.) Дискурс в региональном контексте — Балтийское из­мерение: ...

• Saint-Petersburg in the Baltic Sea region

  The article describes the place of St Petersburg in international cooperation in the Baltic Sea region and the role of the Baltic region as one of the priorities of the international relations of the city. The authors show continual attention of Saint-Petersburg to developing international relations in the Baltic Sea region. The article indicates ...

• EU-Russia cooperation in the Baltic Sea marine environment protection

  This article offers an overview of the basic characteristics of the Baltic Sea and stresses the need for closer cooperation between states in the Baltic Sea environment protection. The author identifies the universal and regional levels of cooperation between states in marine environment protection. Special attention is paid ...

• Transboundary spatial planning in the Baltic Sea Region

  The article explores the development of the transboundary spatial planningn as the key aspects of cross-border cooperation in the Baltic Sea region. 1.  Давидов Д., Чекалина Т. Калининград: плюсы и минусы эксклавности // Космополис. 2008. №   2(21). С. 144. 2.  Чекалина Т.   Н. Использование ...

• On the benthic foraminifera species of Alabaminella weddellensis and Epistominella exigua in paleo-oceanologic reconstructions

  ... al. Scaling percentages and distributional patterns of benthic foraminifera with flux rates of organic carbon // Journal of Foraminiferal Research. 1999. Vol. 29. P. 173—185. 5. Anderson J. B. Ecology and distribution of foraminifera in the Weddell Sea of Antarctica // Micropaleontology. 1975. Vol. 21, № 1. P. 69—96. 6. Billett D. S. M., Lampitt R. S., Rice A. L. et al. Seasonal sedimentation of phytoplankton to the deep-sea benthos // Nature. 1983. Vol. 302. P. 520—522. 7. Burke S. C. Recent ...

• The Coastal Regions of Europe: Economic Development at the Turn of the 20th Century

  ... Russian coastal regions show the most dynamic development rate. In general, coastal regions are not superior to inland European regions in terms of major development rates. 1. Aibulatov, N. А. 1989, Geojekologija beregovoj zony morja [Geoecology coastal sea], Problemy razvitija morskih beregov [Problems of development of sea coast], Moscow, p. 81—87. 2. Aibulatov, N. А. Artyuhin, Yu. V. 1993, Geojekologija shel'fa i morskih beregov [Geoecology shelf and coasts], St. Petersburg. 3. Arakelov, M. ...

• Inertial oscillations induced by the propagation of the Vis-tula Lagoon waters in the coastal zone of the Southeastern Baltic Sea

  A mathematical model of the mechanism of anti-symmetric vortex at the confluence of fresh water to sea water, observed, in particular, the output of the Baltic Canal connecting Visla Lagoon to the Baltic Sea is constructed. It is shown in particular that the main reason the vortex formation in this case is the Coriolis force. Also analytically calculate ...

• The problems of the protection of the Baltic Sea in the regions of the Russian Federation: the example of the Kaliningrad region

  This article examines solutions to the environmental problems of the Baltic Sea in the Kaliningrad region. The authors focus on the implementation of the HELCOM recommendation, which stipulates the elimination of all sources of eutrophication (the so-called hot spots) as well as the construction of modern waste water treatment ...

• The prospects of entrepreneurship in the formation of new hi-tech markets in the Baltic Sea region

  The article offers an analytical review of the prospects for the formation of new hi-tech markets in the Baltic Sea region with the participation of small and medium businesses. In view of the essential features of entrepreneurship, its prospects in the development and implementation of innovations seem to be quite attractive. However, in the current economic context,...

• Intensification of Russian role in trans-border cooperation in the Baltic Sea region

  Cross-border cooperation between administrative and municipal districts enlarges fast in the Baltic Sea macroregion. Intensification of Russian regions’ participation in such cooperation as well as formation of trans-border socio-economic systems may shift their development to the innovative type. Oding N. Yu., Fedorov G. M. transborder cooperation,...

• Suspended Particulate Matter Distribution Along the Northern Coast of the Kaliningrad Peninsula

  The study of suspended particulate matter in the southeastern Baltic Sea is motivated both by human-induced impact and by the natural features of the Baltic Sea, namely, the high levels of eutrophication and complicated sedimentation conditions. The study area is human-occupied, which contributes to the significance of ...

• The types of atmospheric water circulation over the Atlantic and the formation of the extreme North Sea water inflows into the Baltic Sea

  This article emphasises that one of the conditions for the formation of extreme inflow events from the North into the Baltic Sea is the long-time impact of same-type atmospheric processes on the water surface. There is a need to consider the intensity and the duration of one-direction atmospheric processes. The authors focus on the features and types of large-scale atmospheric ...

• Study of the main features of sedimentation in the Labrador Sea during the Late Quaternary

  ... and consequences of cyclic ice rafting in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean during the past 130,000 years // Quaternary Research. 1988. Vol. 29 (2). P. 142—152. 5. Hesse R., Chough S. K., Rakofsky A. The North Atlantic Mid-Ocean Channel of the Labrador Sea. V. Sedimentology of a giant deep-sea channel // Canadian Journal of Earth Science. 1987. Vol. 24. P. 1595—1624. 6. Hesse R., Khodabaksh S. Significance of fine-grained sediment lofting from meltwater generated turbidity currents for the timing ...

• Innovations in the Baltic Sea Region and Network Cooperation between Russia and the EU

  Transnational (involving countries) and cross-border (involving adjacent regions of different countries) cooperation and integration are rapidly developing in the Baltic Sea region. Russia lags behind the Nordic countries and Germany as far as innovative development is concerned; yet our national pace here is comparable to that of Poland and the three Baltic States. At the same time, the features of innovative cooperation ...

• The lithodynamic and geomorphological features of a terraced underwater slope of the Sambian peninsula (South-East Baltic)

  ... analyse the correlation between bottom currents and meteorological conditions. The sediment trend analysis based on statistical parameters of grain size distribution helped identify the sediment trend from the 10 m isobath northward towards the open sea and that along the shore at a 20 m depth eastward. 1. Bird E. Coastal Geomorphology: An Introduction. Second Edition. Wiley. 2008. 2. Гуделис В. К., Лукошевичус Л. С., Клейменова Г. И. и др. Геоморфология ...

• The Baltic macroregion: geographical macrostructures, communication features, innovative potential

  The article considers and assesses the influence of macro-geographical factors on communication behaviour of people in the course of transition to innovative economy through the example of the Baltic Sea region. 1. Dinamika razvitija jekonomicheskogo krizisa: Sweden [The dynamics of the economic crisis: Sweden], 2010, Informacionnyj bjulleten' Instituta Baltijskogo regiona RGU im. I. Kanta [Newsletter of the Institute of Baltic Studies of the Immanuel ...

• Sea surface temperature determination in the North Atlantic based on planktonic foraminifera with the help of diverse biometric methods

  ... the Iceland basin (Northeast Atlantic) for the last 300,000 years with help of the M. S. Barash method, as well as the RAM, MAT and TFT methods on the basis of the planktonic foraminifera data. The M. S. Barash method helps calculate the mean annual sea surface temperature changes, while the used nowadays MAT and RAM methods help calculate seasonal changes. The comparison of methods proves the use MAT and RAM methods appropriate in the middle latitudes. 1. Имбри Дж., Имбри К.   ...