Indirect translation: Main trends in practice and research
... studies. The why questions looks into the motivations for ITr and into the historical neglect in the Translation Studies discipline. Finally, the how question considers selected details of ITr processes as well as the methods used in identifying most probable mediating texts and languages. The article ends with a brief consideration of prospects for research on ITr training. The what question concerns terminological and conceptual issues related to ITr and explores the relevance of systematic studies ...
Pragmatics of epistemic warrants of the real, the possible and the probable in discourse
The ‘pragmatics of language’ is a set of pragmatic means of a particular language, the meanings of which not only change the world, but also themselves change in the framework of discourse. At the same time, ‘linguistic pragmatics’ is a branch of linguistics that examines linguistic units from the point of view of their use. The ‘pragmatic turn’ of the 1970s in linguistics meant an interest in using language as an action in which words acquire their actual meanings, sometimes radically different...
“Royal game” on the “royal mountain”: сhess in Königsberg
... all-German tournaments because of geographical remoteness. In the 20th century several world-class players both from among the city’s visitors (Emanuel Lasker) and local residents (Paul Saladin Leonhardt) appeared in Königsberg. Leonhardt became probably the main figure representing East Prussia at national and international tournaments after the First World War. The years of Nazism witnessed persecution of local chess players of Jewish origin in Königsberg. Chess life of the city itself remained ...
Prospects for the development of the forest park protective belt of Moscow
... plans. To assess its current state, a system of indicators is proposed, based on which an integrated index is calculated. A detailed analysis of the indicators and the integrated index has been conducted, allowing for the identification of three most probable scenarios for the further development of different parts of the forest-park protective belt of Moscow.
Zabelin I.A., Golubeva E.I.
Ecology of the city, Moscow agglomeration, ecological functions, forest park protective belt, integrated assessment,...
Vegetation succession in Svinoye Bog (south of the Curonian spit, Russia)
In this article, we present an analysis of the taxonomic diversity of plant macro-remnants retrieved from the peat deposits of Svinoye Bog in the southern part of the Curonian Spit, Russia. The initial mire formation stage is probably associated with the alder carrs and stretches of Phragmites, which were successively replaced by fen, transition mire, and raised bog communities. Based on a diagram of the botanical composition of peat, we identified eight stages of the formation ...
On the benthic foraminifera species of Alabaminella weddellensis and Epistominella exigua in paleo-oceanologic reconstructions
..., remote from the upwelling regions and located outside the seasonal ice cove zones. It is shown that unlike E. exigua, the maximal content of the species A. weddellensis corresponds to the intervals characterized by increased species diversity and, probably, more productive conditions.
1. Кулешова Л. А., Овсепян Е. А., Иванова Е. В. Палеоокеанологические условия в юго-западной части Атлантического океана ...
An assessment of drought conditions in Ukraine in the end of the 20th the beginning of the 21st centuries
The drought conditions in the 1995—2012 vegetation period in Ukraine are estimated using the fields of Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient (SHC). The analog method helps identify the most probable seasonal and monthly SHC fields. The lowest SHC values are observed in the steppe regions and Crimea. Frequency of drought months reaches 60—70 % in the southern regions. The most severe seasonal droughts occurred in 2007 and 2009 with a spread ...
The response of free living hydrobionts to biologically active substances of natural and anthropogenic origin
... Wen-Hung,
Wu Hua-Fang, Hwang Jiang-Shiou
и
др
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Corals have already evolvet the vertebrate-type hormone system in the sexual repron // Fish Physiol. and Biochem. 2005. Vol. 31, №
2—3. P. 111—115.
12.
Nikitina S.
M.,
Evdokimova E.
B.
On probable response of free-living and parasitic invertebrates to BAS impact // Ecsa Symposium 42 «Estuarine ecosystems structure function and management», 16—22 September 2007. Kaliningrad-Svetlogorsk, Russia. Kaliningrad, 2007. P. 85—86....
Climate Change Impact on the Curonain Lagoon Eutrophication Level
... abundance in the Curonian Lagoon. The greater seasonal rise in water temperatures in 1990-2000, presumably, a consequence of the climate change, alongside with other factors (freshness, slow water flow) creates conditions for cyanobacterial «hyperblooms». Probably, the 1990-2000 climate warming is the cause of the eutrophication of the Curonian Lagoon, which continues despite significant reduction in external nutrient load.
1.
Александров С.
В., Дмитриева О.
А.
Первичная ...
Historical perspective on the word gospoda as a form of address
... before the Russian Revolution to address a mixed company. Abandoned after the Revolution, the honorific underwent a revival in the second half of the 20th century when it was used more often to address a mixed company than it had been in tsarist times. Probably, this was accounted for by extra-linguistic factors. Special attention is given to the use of the honorific gospoda in periods of transition: at the beginning and end of the Soviet era and after the collapse of the USSR.
Balakai, A. G.,...
Kants „moralisch-bestimmter Monotheismus“ – eine an der „wahren Aufklärung“ orientierte Kritik an Lessings Ringparabel?
... But apart from the obvious affinity and agreement between Kant and Lessing with regard to many substantial questions, serious differences cannot be overlooked; the frequently diagnosed closeness and widely suspected “harmony” between the two is probably also the primary reason why important factual differences and controversial aspects have so far usually been neglected or ignored in research, although they still continue to raise problems and controversies in the context of the Enlightenment ...
‘What can be described can happen too…’: describing text semantics as a model structure of transworld relationships
... integrating both approaches. I consider the correlation between the mechanisms of text coherence, on the one hand, and the relationships of transworld accessibility and of the identification of described individuals across possible worlds, on the other. Probably, the variety of cohesion mechanisms does not make it possible to use a single identification mechanism and requires taking into account various competing approaches. I illustrate the above conclusions, using Pushkin’s draft ‘If I were Tsar…’
...
Lessing’s Hamburg Dramaturgy in the “codes of hope” discourse of the Enlightenment
... anthropology. This German sensitivity served as the basis for Lessing’s philosophy of hope. Lessing’s “code of hope”, whose ideas developed in the “pre-critical” period of the Elightenment is based on trust in human sensibility, within which, probably unconsciously, in the conditions of newly established autonomy, he discovers the heteronomous orientation of the “compassion” and “fear” existentials underlying his theory of catharsis. In Lessing’s system, these “vertically” positioned ...