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• The concept of the European Union’s normative power

  Traditionally, studies into a state’s foreign policy focus on the international situation and national interests of the parties. However, such approach does not completely conform to the objectives of studies into the foreign policy of the European Union – an example of unique integration of states. One of the modern approaches aimed ... ... Cerutti, F., Lucarelli, S. (eds.), 2008, The Search for a European Identity: Values, Policies and Legitimacy of the European Union, London and New York, Routledge. 35....

• Coalition Within a Coalition: The Baltics in the European Union

  This article gives an overview of small power problem focusing on the behav­iour of small power states within coalitions and their ... ... authors test this hypothesis on the behaviour of the Baltics in the European Union. It is demonstrated that Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia have ... ... Small States Inside and Outside the European Union: Interests and Policies, Boston. 3. Kirt, R., Waschkuhn, A. 2001, Was ist und ... ... 789—810. 16. Pastore, G. 2013, Small New Member States in the EU Foreign Policy: Toward ‘Small State Smart Strategy, Baltic Journal ...

• The fifth wave of the European Union enlargement: pro et contra

  This article analyses the principal complex of economic and political motivations of the states of Central ... ... Borchardt K.-D. 1994, Azbuka prava Evropejskogo soobwestva [ABCs of European Community], Мoscow. 2. Butorina, О. 2004/2005, Novye ... .... V. (ed.), 2003, Evropejskij sojuz: spravochnik [The European Union: a guide], Moscow. 5. Zlokazova, N. 2004, Rasshirenie ES: ... ... enlargement, New York, p. 34—55. 28. Prikulis, J. 1994, The European policies of the Baltic countries. In: Joenniemi, P., Prikulis, J. (ed.). The Foreign policy of the Baltic countries: basic issues, Riga, p. ...

• The externalisation of migration control in the European Union: first steps towards the external dimension of the space of freedom, security and justice

  The creation of an area of freedom, security and justice is one of the most rapidly developing aspects of European integration. It this paper, we take a look at the foreign policies involved in this process — aside from the internal development of the European Union, they concern a significant number of third countries, including Russia. In our ...

• Northern Dimension: Participant Strategies

  This article is devoted to the “Northern Dimension” initiative of the EU which also includes North-West Russia, Norway and Iceland. It is noted that ... ... иностран­ных дел Финляндии, 2008. 4.      Aalto Pami. European Union and the making of a wider northern Europe . New York : Routledge , 2006. 5... ... Sicard, Stefan Ganzle, Elisabeth Johanson. An Alternative Theoretical Approach to EU Foreign Policy: Network Governance and the Case of the Northern Dimension Initiative...

• Russia and the European Union in the Baltic region: a treacherous path to partnership

  This article examines policies of Moscow and Brussels in the Baltics since the launch of the European Union’s Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region in June 2009. An increase in the efficiency of Russia’s policy in the region requires ... ... Ashgate. 14. The Russian Presidency of the Council of the Baltic Sea States (July 2012 — June 2013), 2012-2013, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, available at: http://www.cbss-russia.ru/sbgm_eng.pdf (accessed 10 May 2013). Sergunin ...

• Problems and prospects of EU — Russia dialogue on visa-free travel

  This article deals with the issues pertinent to the EU — Russia visa dialogue — one of the major areas of cooperation between the two partners. The ... ... This article is based on the proceedings of the “Russia and European Union: the dynamics of interrelations” international conference ... ... available at: http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/home-affairs/what-we-do/policies/borders-and-visas/visa-policy/docs/overview_of_schengen_visa_statistics_2011_final_en.... ... Evrosojuzom [Commentar Ambassador at Large of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs A. S. Azimova agency "Interfax" on the ...

• Poland’s Foreign Policy Mechanisms: Legal Framework and Policy Analysis

  This article describes the features of Poland’s foreign policy. Special attention is paid to the foreign policy mandate of the president, government, and minister of foreign ... ... kontekście członko­stwa w Unii Europejskiej [Constitutional roles of President of Poland in the context of membership in European Union], PiP, p. 7. 8. Kaczyński, M. P. 2008, Polska polityka zagraniczna z latach 2005—2007: co po konsensie? [Poland’s foreign ...

• Formation of American Foreign Policy towards Poland before and in First Years of Cold War

  The article analyses the mechanisms of the development of American foreign policy towards Central and Eastern Europe on the example of Poland.The author considers a number of factors that influenced ... ... всемирной истории. СПб ., 2000. 2. Alternative concepts of United States foreign policy 1943—1947. European and global aspects of postwar relations with the Soviet Union. Documents. B., 1992. 3. Containment: documents on American policy and strategy, 1945—1950. N. Y., 1978. 4. Dallin ...

• Modern Lithuanian foreign policy: the adjustment of traditional policy

  The authors consider the core areas of Lithuanian foreign policy. Special attention is paid to the adjustment of the major foreign policy vector, which concentrated earlier on ... ... cooperation. This research is timely because of an increasing influence of small states on foreign policy decision-making within the European Union. It emphasizes the need to analyse foreign policy priorities of the Baltic States and Central and Eastern European countries ...

• The Policy of Regional Convergence in Russia-Belarus integration: Prospects for Development

  In a number of cases, integration of a large international region or an interstate union can only be promoted by political means. The policy of regional economic convergence prevails in many sectors. The single economic ... ... of modern world calls, Den'gi i kredit, no.10, p. 45—52. (In Russ.) 4. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Belarus, 2016, available at: http://mfa.gov.by/export/... ..., Martinez Oliva, J. C. 2013, The Importance of Trade and Capital Imbalances in the European Debt Crisis, Working Paper Series WP13—01, Peterson Institute for International...

• The European idea in Central Europe and Scandinavia as a part of the security and peaceful co-existence policy in the framework of the postwar planning

  This article is dedicated to the development of European unity in Central Europe and Scandinavia as a mechanism of collective security ... ... European integration. On the other hand, regional integration implied that a federation or union of the neighbouring states could be considered a step towards a more universal... .... Y. 8. Ekblom, K. 1939, Våra studier: Union nu, Freden, Vol. 12, no. 22, p. 4. 9. Foreign relations of the United States 1942. 1958, Vol. 3, Washington. 10. Heather,...

• The foreign policy of Poland and the Kaliningrad region in 1989—2012

  This article sets out to analyse the role of the Kaliningrad region in the Polish foreign policy after 1989. The analysis focuses on the political and regional determinants, which had the greatest impact on the ... ... Regional Development in Border Regions of Ukraine and Poland, Lviv, pp. 226—245. 3. Kaczmarski, M., Smolar, E. 2007, The European Union and Russia 2004—2007, CSM Policy Paper, September, 2007, p. 20. 4. Kotowicz, W., 2012, Życie polityczne Obwodu Kaliningradzkiego ...

• Human rights in EU-Russia relations: a human rights mechanism

  This article considers the human rights issues in relations between the Russian Federation and the European Union in the context of formal agreements and real policy from 1994 to the beginning of 2013. The EU regards human rights as fundamental values, which serve as the basis for its foreign relations. Russia tends to consider this issue as an attempt of an ill-disposed external actor to interfere in the domestic ...

• The EU Vs. Russia: Legal Nature and Implementation of the Union’s Restrictive Measures

  The author proposes his take on the EU sanctions against Russia. He aims to understand the legal nature of the EU restrictions, the exact procedure of their implementation, revision, and repeal,... ... author believes that in the current political conditions it may be difficult for the European Union to reach a unanimous agreement to repeal or prolong the sanctions. This article... ... and evaluation of restrictive measures (sanctions) in the framework of the EU Common Foreign and Security Policy, 2012, Brussels, 15 June, available at: http://europeansanctions...

• The European Union Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region and accomplishments

  The sea and inland hinterland of Baltic Europe form a unique macro-regional unit. Strong collaboration links, and ... ... civilization development. Since 2004, the Baltic Sea has become an internal sea of the European Union. This fact no doubt strengthened the cooperation of the countries in the region... ... Böhme, K. 2018, EUSBSR after 2020: Governance remastered? Final report, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Estonia and Interreg Baltic Sea Region, Publication for the preparation...

• The Žalgiris movement and the formation of an alternative foreign policy philosophy (on the basis of the Žalgiris appendix to the Respublika newspaper)

  After Lithuanian accession to the European Union and NATO, a cross-party political consensus has existed regarding the state’s foreign policy objectives. Against this background, the Žalgiris national resistance movement, which was established by eminent ... ... journalists, and public figures in 2009, posed a certain intellectual challenge. This article concentrates on the development of a new foreign policy philosophy — the focal point of the interviews, round tables and press conferences held by the Movemen ...

• Environmental aspect of the current Arctic Strategy of Sweden

  The article considers the environmental aspect of the current Arctic Strategy of Sweden. Despite the ... ... remain quite frugal. As the leading environmental European power, Sweden was not able to present a comprehensive ... ... 21.12.2016). 12. Heininen L. Arctic Strategies and Policies: Inventory and Comparative Study.Akureyri,... ... Parliament and the Council. An integrated European Union policy for the Arctic // European Union External ... ... обращения: 01.05.2017). 14. Remarks by Minister for Foreign Affairs Margot Wallström at Arctic Frontiers ...

• The features of EU energy strategy in the Baltic region

  This article analyses the issues of EU energy policy in the 1990s-the beginning of the 2000s in ... ... EU leaders and EU member states in order to formulate a common European energy policy. The 2004 EU enlargement posed the problem ... ... sojuza na sovremennom jetape [Energy Strategy of the European Union at the present stage], Finansy. Pravo. Menedzhment [Finance.... ... operatoram na gazovom rynke ES v svete pravil VTO [New requirements for foreign operators in the EU gas market in the light of WTO rules],...

• The Role of Small Countries in Post-Soviet Territorial Restructuring: the Baltic Case

  This author analyses the 2013 Lithuanian presidency of the EU in the context of the Ukrainian crisis and evaluates the contribution of Latvia ... ... represented in the Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania on strategic guidelines for the foreign, security and defence policy of the Republic of Lithuania for 2014—2020, 2014... ... an Example in Europe. In: Baunm, M., Marek, D. (eds.). The New Member States and the European Union: Foreign Policy and Europeanization, London. 8. Laurinavicius, C., Motieka,...

• The Role of Political Elites in the Development of Politics of Memory in the Baltic States

  The article focuses on multiple cases of the politicization of history by the Baltic political elites.... ... at the inclusion of the Baltic narratives of the past into the European politics of memory. Historical politics of the Baltic ... ... occupation"), and this point of view is widely used as a foreign policy tool. The politicization of the "anti-totalitarianism" ... ... Latvian (anti) Soviet history during the collapse of the Soviet Union], Zhurnal rossijskih i vostochnoevropejskih istoricheskih ...

• The transition process and institutions: on the issue of the standard of living in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe — members of the European Union

  The aim of this article is to adjust the technique of comparing the standard ... ... countries of Central and Eastern Europe that became members of the European Union (EU) during 2004-2013 (EU-11) and 15 countries of Western,... ... Chalaux, T. 2018, Building a typology of housing systems to inform policies in OECD and EU member States, Economie et Statistique ... ... The dynamics of economic development and the evolution of main foreign trade directions of post-Soviet republics, Ekonomika i ...

• Geopolitical transformation of the Kaliningrad oblast of the Russian Federation

  After the World War II, the part of East Prussia taken by the Soviet Union was transformed into a gigantic Soviet military base. It ... ... Russian Federation (RF) as well as slips in the international policies of Central and Eastern Europe. 1.      Habermas ... ... Kaliningrad Oblast: a Clearer Frame for Cooperation // Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review , 1999. №   3. P. 51—66; Lithua­nian ... ... Contemporary Change in Kaliningrad: A Window to Europe? (Baltic & East European Studies 6) . Huddinge: Center for Baltic & East European ...

• Transformation of global value chains in Russia and the Baltics amid Covid-19: prospects for regionalization and implications for economic policy

  Although Russia and the Baltics have historically been economic partners,... ... bilateral trade contributes little to the development of either side. The Baltics-Russian bilateral trade ... ....2017.1369878 . 7. Cieslik, E. 2014, Post-communist European countries in global value chains, Ekonomika,... ... Freund, C. 2020, Trade flows in the former Soviet Union, 1987 to 1996, Journal of Comparative Economics,... ... August 2020). 19. Berg E., Ehin P. 2016, Identity and foreign policy: Baltic-Russian relations and European ...

• Russia and the European Union: an elusive quest for common values?

  This article focuses on the dialogue between the Russian Federation and the European Union based on “common values” (legal sphere and the rule of law), which form the framework for the EU-Russia “common spaces” — on the economy, freedom, security and justice, as ... ... the World, New York, Harper and Row, 1987. 11. Ivanov, I. 2001, The New Russian Identity: Innovation and Continuity in Russian Foreign Policy, Washington Quarterly, Vol. 24, no. 3, p. 7—13. 12. Kropatcheva, E. 2012, Russia and the role of the OSCE in ...

• The Baltic policy of Germany and current international relations

  This article analyses the Baltic policy of united Germany from the 1990s until today. The authors set out ... ... independent states. In the second half of the 1990s, Germany’s foreign policy became less intense. After the accession of Lithuania,... ..., A country on the brink of a religion? Germany’s Baltic Sea policies, Kas international reports, no. 5, p. 6—19. 4. Hubel,... ... and the Baltic Sea Region. In: Jopp, M., Arnswald, S. (Hg.), The European Union and the Baltic States. Visions, Interests and Strategies ...

• Forecasting Actions of Baltic elites: A Scenario Approach

  This paper provides an overview of different approaches to forecasting the future of the three Baltic States. The author’s ... ... factors. The decisive factor is a state-controlled foreign policy, which is affected by the international ... ... for analysing possible developments in the domestic policies of the Baltic States in view of external factors.... ..., Tamnes, R. 2016, Alliance at Risk Strengthening European Defense in an Age of Turbulence and Competition,... ..., Luxembourg, Publications Office of the European Union. 26. Trends and Scenarios Exemplifying the Future ...

• The history of the integration between Russia’s Kaliningrad region and Poland’s northeastern voivodeships: A programme approach

  This article considers the development of integration between Russia’s Kaliningrad region ... ... bringing INTERREG and Tacis funding together, 2001, European Commission, available at: http://ec.europa.... ... 16. Sergunin, A. A. 2013, Russia and the European Union in the Baltic region: a treacherous path to partnership,... ... (accessed 19.01.2017). (In Russ.) 18. Coherence with the policies and objectives of the European Communities,... ... No. 4-FZ On the Coordination of International and Foreign Economic Relations of Subjects of the Russian ...

• EU — Russia energy cooperation: major development trends and the present state

  The article analyzes the development of EU — Russia energy relations through the lens of the evolution ... ... Energy Dialogue (its current goal is the creation of a common European energy market). The author describes the process of gradual ... ... Secretary-General of the Council/High Representative for the Common Foreign and Security Policy of the EU, Mr. J. Solana, of the President ... ... obobshhajushhij doklad [Russia Energy Dialogue and the European Union. Eighth Progress Report], Brussels, October. 7. Dorozhnaja ...

• Local border traffic as an efficient tool for developing cross-border cooperation

  Local border traffic (LBT) is a tool for cooperation between the EU member states and neighbouring countries. It emerged as a measure to mitigate the barrier effect of the EU’s external border. In 2006, the European Parliament authorised the EU member states to conclude bilateral agreements ... ... traffic and identify possible trends based on the general socioeconomic situation and foreign policy background in Russia, Belarus, and the EU (Norway). The article employs... ... Kuznetsova T., Osmolovskaya L. local border traffic, cross-border traffic, European Union, Russian Federation, Republic of Belarus 67-82 10.5922/2079-8555-2016-1-6

• Innovative economy in the Baltic Sea region

  Innovative activity is carried out at three levels — those of the state, region and a company or a university. This article considers ... ... Moscow — Smolensk, Oykumena. 8. Presidency Conclusions, Lisbon European Council, 23—24 March, 2000, available at: http://www.... ... innovation in Europe, Luxembourg, Publications Office of the European union. 10. Kornecki, J., Lisowska R. and Ropega J. 2007, Entrepreneurship ... ... dejatel'nosti (zarubezhnyj opyt) [State support of innovative activity (foreign experience)], Vestnik Finansovoy Academy [Journal of the ...

• Russia and the Baltic States: Some Results and a Few Perspectives

  Russia has a vested political interest in the Eastern Baltics; yet acting upon this interest ... ... Russian Federation has been actively promoting a model of mutually beneficial co-operation. The anti-Russian ... ... evropejskogo vybora [Once again about the advantages of the European choice], Rossija v global'noj politike [Russia ... ... aspects], The official website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Latvia, available ... ... [Deepen the cooperation between Russia and the European Union?], 2003, report, Moscow, The Committee "Russia ...

• Commodity flow model for an exclave region: Rent-seeking in the ‘transitional period’ of the special economic zone

  ... commodity flow model for an exclave region (CFMER). The CFMER development is aimed at identifying aggregate proportions of the exclave’s economy in the transitional period ... ... generation of gross regional product and regional foreign economic activities (including export and import ... ... development in Russia: the case of the Kaliningrad oblast, European Urban and Regional Studies, no. 11(1), p. ... ... Development: How to Assess What Works Among Programmes and Policies. OECD, Paris, p. 151—190. 13. Wilson, ... ... sojuza» [Decision of the Commission of the Customs Union on January 28, 2011 № 525 «On the Unified ...

• Competitive effects of low trade barriers: evaluations for the Kaliningrad region

  ... factor affecting competition in domestic markets. Considering the vastness of Russian territory, one can expect the pro-competitive effect ... ... Russian regions; b) an assessment of the influence of Russian and European prices on the consumer price index as well as prices for ... ... goods. Nevertheless, indirect evidence of competitive effects of foreign trade was found in the course of a comparative analysis ... ... Manufacturing in the 1990s, Working paper, no. 195, FIEF, Trade Union Institute for Economic Research. 13. Roberts, M., Tybout,...

• The Baltic Sea region and increasing international tension

  For many years, the Baltic Sea region stood out for its remarkable stability. The dramatic changes following the end of the Cold War did not have a profound effect on the territory.... ... the Prime Minister of Finland Matti Vanhanen, President of the European Commission Jose Manuel Barroso, Sec-retary General of ... ... Rossijskoj Federacii V. V.Putinym 12 fevralja [Concept of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation. Approved by President ... ....5922/2079-8555-2015-4-1. Khudoley K. Baltic Sea Region, Russia, European Union, NATO, regional cooperation 4-16 10.5922/2079-8555-2016-1-1

• Russia-EU energy efficiency cooperation in the Baltic region: the untapped potential

  A stereotypical understanding of EU-Russia energy relations is often reduced to trade in oil and natural gas, which downplays the importance of energy efficiency cooperation. Such cooperation ... ... from the Commission of 29 April 1998, «Energy efficiency in the European Community — Towards a strategy for the rational use ... ... Secretary-General of the Council/High Representative for the Common Foreign and Security Policy of the EU, Mr. J. Solana, of the President ... ... modernizacija i Evrosojuz [Russia's modernization and the European Union], Sovremennaja Evropa [Modern Europe], no. 1, p. 45—57....

• Eastern Europe. On the centenary of the political project

  This article describes the characteristics of Eastern Europe as a political pro-ject. The author considers ... ... University Press. 3. Kazajus, J. 2001, Evropejskaja identichnost' [European identity], In: Evrope¬jskaja integracija: sovremennoe ... ... politike Pol'shi. 1919—1924 ["Prometheism" in the foreign policy of Poland. 1919—1924], Novaja i nove-jshaja istorija ... ... 7—28. Mezhevich N. Eastern Europe, Russia, Poland, European Union, periphery, limi¬trophe states, identity, sovereignty, Intermarium ...

• Economic and Geographical Structure of the Baltic Sea region

  The Baltic Sea region is one of the most developed transnational regions. It comprises the coastal areas of Russia,... ... a pole of economic integration of the North-West of the Russian Federation and the European Union], Kaliningrad, 392 p. 2. Vasilyeva, N. A., Kosov, Yu. V. 2015, Evrazijskij region:... ... Utverzhdena Prezidentom RF V. V. Putinym 12 fevralja 2013 g. [The concept of Russia's foreign policy. Approved by the RF President VV Putin, 12 February 2013], 2013, The...

• Modern understanding of ‘geoeconomic position’ and the Saint Petersburg agglomeration

  This article presents a modern interpretation of the concept of ‘geoeconomic situation’ as applied to one of ... ... geographies of the ‘new Europe’: geo-economic power and the new European architecture of integration, Political Geography, Vol.... ... Geo-economics injects new uncertainties into troubled markets, Council on Foreign Relations, May 20, available at: http://www.cfr.org/publication.... ... Rossija — situacija vzaimnoj vygody [Expansion of the European Union and Russia — a situation of mutual benefit], Obzor jekonomiki ...

• The ‘сool war’ in the Baltic Sea Region: consequences and future scenarios..

  The relevance of this topic is determined by the Baltic region playing a special role in the current confrontation between Russia and the West,... ... Russia will benefit from taking every possible step towards it. Khudoley K. K. Baltic Sea region, cool war, Cold War, foreign policy of Russia, USA, NATO, European Union 4-24 10.5922/2079-8555-2019-3-1

• Natural Increase in the Baltic South and South-West

  This article analyses the natural population increase (decrease) in the postcommunist part of Baltic Europe (the federated state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania,... .... 1. Ágh A. Processes of democratization in the East Central European and Balkan states: sovereignty-related conflicts in the ... ... 1653—1666. 12. Dubauskas G. Euro Atlantic Integration and Foreign Banks in Transitional Economies // Tiltai. 2003. № 4 ... ... Health Situation Among Post-Communist Members of the European Union. Pelplin, 2005. 36. Michalski T. Sytuacja zdrowotna w europejskich ...

• The Baltic economic model: some results of the 1990—2015 transformations

  During the last 25 years, the economy of the Baltic States has been developing in the conditions of sovereignty, both de facto ... ... White, S. 2014, Evropejskij Sojuz, Vostochnaja Evropa i «imperializm cennostej » [European Union, Eastern Europe and the "imperialism of values"], Vestnik MGIMO-Universiteta... ... Osobennosti vneshnetorgovyh svjazej stran Baltii i Rossii (1991–2012 gg.) [Features of foreign trade relations of the Baltic States and Russia (1991-2012], Vlast' [Power]...

• Electric energy cooperation in the Baltic Sea region and the role of Russia in it

  This article examines cooperation in the electric energy sector in the Baltic region. The ... ... Russia and Belarus. The author stresses that one of the most acute problems for the EU today is overcoming ... ..., Cross-Border Cooperation between Russia and the European Uni on in the Electricity Sector: Key Trends ... ... of Economic Development of the Russian Federation. Foreign media portal], 29 August, available at: http://www.... ... Zverev Yuri Baltic Sea region, Russia, European Union, eрelectric power industry, electricity export,...

• Geography and economy of the Kaliningrad region: limitations and prospects of development

  With its exclave status, the Kaliningrad region has been drawing attention of many researchers in different fields. Yet the prospects ... ... excluded from major modernisation processes both in the European integration zone and in the Russian Federation.... ... of the stages of the region’s exclavisation, and policies of social support stemming from the uniqueness ... ... Projects Rail Baltica and Via Baltica, 2013, Ministry of foreign affairs of the Republic of Latvia, available ... ... economic zones in the customs territory of the customs union and the customs procedure of free customs zone],...

• Saint-Petersburg in the Baltic Sea region

  The article describes the place of St Petersburg in international cooperation in the Baltic Sea ... ... Legacy. London : Routledge, 2009. 16. Huelsse R. Turkey’s Europeanness, Europe ’s Identity and the EU: Explora­tions ... .... Examination of Witness: Minutes of Evidence: Commit­tee on Foreign Affairs: House of Commons: March 1, 2001. 21. Perko S.... ... international relations, the Council of Baltic Sea States (CBSS), the Union of the Baltic Cities, the Northern Dimension 54-64 10.5922/2079-8555-2009-1-6