Models for countering the segregation of ethnoreligious immigrant areas in Denmark and Sweden
... article explores the immigration and integration strategies of Denmark and Sweden while assessing their efficacy. The two countries, sharing historical, cultural, social and economic similarities, face a common challenge: the formation of ethnoreligious enclaves primarily inhabited by individuals with a Muslim background. Due to the recent European migrant crises, there has been a notable increase in the number of migrants, leading to stricter integration policies in the Scandinavian countries. Yet, ...
The concepts of enclave and exclave and their use in the political and geographical characteristic of the Kaliningrad region
This article focuses on the genesis of and correlation between the related concepts of enclave and exclave and the scope of their use in different sciences, fields of knowledge, and everyday speech. The author examines the circumstances of their emergence in the reference and professional literature in the Russian language. Special attention ...
Сoastal exclaves among enclosed territories of the world
The article studies coastal exclaves as a special type of enclave territories of the world. They are understood as territories separated from the territory of the mother country by a foreign state (states) but having access to the sea. A complete list of coastal exclaves in the world as well as their main comparative ...
Kaliningrad and Crimea as Russian exclaves: similarities, differences, and interconnections
The article examines the emergence and development of Crimea (including Sevastopol) as Russia’s fourth exclave. Using the typology of the world’s enclave areas as objects of political geography, the author identifies distinctive characteristics of the Kaliningrad region and Crimea (the Crimean federal district) and compares them to other national and international enclaves. Another focus is the ...
The historical and geographical evolution of the enclavity of the Kaliningrad region
This article considers the origin, development, change in the status, and extinction of enclave and exclave formations in the territory of the modern Kaliningrad region. The author offers information on their socio-economic and political features. The article identifies enclave (exclave) problems peculiar to them, including the land access ...
Three Russian Baltic regions in the context of confrontation between Russia and the West
... taking accumulated knowledge into account, is proposed to be utilized in shaping programs for interregional cooperation within the Union State.
To ensure the sustainable development of the three Baltic regions of Russia, with particular emphasis on the enclave of the Kaliningrad region, reinforcing mutual connections and cooperation is of paramount importance. A prospective approach involves a more active development of interregional ties, redirecting a portion of international trade towards interregional ...
Intergenerational transmission of poverty: a challenge for Poland
... The main poverty drivers were the three overlapping processes: de-industrialization, ‘dewelfarization’ and de-institutionalization of the family accompanied by the devolution of social care management from the central to the local government. The enclaves of poverty emerged as a result of better-off residents leaving dilapidated blocks of flats and both spontaneous and deliberate accommodation of poorer citizens in these houses as social housing residents. In these areas, poverty tends to take ...
Military and political cooperation between Germany and Lithuania in the late 2010s to early 2020s
Since the mid-2010s, Germany has significantly adjusted its approaches to the use of the Bundeswehr, pivoting its strategic focus from regions distant from the Euro-Atlantic community to those within or near it. This has underscored the pressing need to address issues related to securing steadfast allies in Eastern Europe and enhancing cooperation with them. This article aims to explore the current evolution of German-Lithuanian relations in both political and military domains. The approach of...
A new role of cooperation under economic sanctions as seen by residents of the Kaliningrad region
... cooperatives, with the economic and social expectations of the populace determining these priorities.
The economic crisis and geopolitical transformations have highlighted the problems of the Kaliningrad economy, whose unique risks are a product of its enclave position and dependence on imported goods and supplies from ‘mainland’ Russia. Transport costs are a severe limitation upon food accessibility for the population, leading to reduced consumption levels. Additional constraints are the difficulties ...
The adaptation of Russian regions’ economies to the rupture of relations with Europe: the case of Baltic Sea ports
... weaknesses of the transport complex in the Baltic include the crowding of ports on a small section of the coast of the Gulf of Finland and the possibility of traffic jams on shipping routes, especially during winter freezing of coastal waters. Besides, the enclave position of the Kaliningrad region, surrounded by unfriendly countries, in modern conditions significantly complicates the full integration of its transport complex with the rest of the Russian economy.
The above-mentioned risks of a military-political ...
The geopolitical effect of the maritime factor on the spatial development of post-Soviet Russia: the Baltic case
... recognising the leadership of an exogenous dominating centre of power and the aspiration to integrate into the geoeconomic structures built by this centre. The most considerable success in maritime jurisdiction expansion was the recognition of a 52,000 sq. m enclave as Russia’s continental shelf in March 2014.<3> A principal Eurasian initiative is the Caspian Pipeline Consortium project aimed at facilitating hydrocarbon transit from Kazakhstan. Maritime infrastructure has been developing along with ...
Spatial differentiation of rural territories in the Kaliningrad region: implications for socio-economic policies
... most other regions of Central Russia. However, the intensity of these processes and some other aspects are region-specific due to the interaction of various factors, including natural, historical, economic, social, demographic, and even (due to the enclave status of the region) foreign policy factors.
This study aims to identify territorial differences in agriculture, settlement patterns, and population in the rural areas of the Kaliningrad region, analyse the mutual effects of these dissimilarities,...
The Republic of Belarus and the Kaliningrad region of Russia as a sub-regional security complex
... and Belarus working out, Evraziya.Ekspert, February 08, 2022, URL:
https://eurasia.expert/kakoy-otvet-na-vneshnyuyu-agressiyu-otrabatyvayut-rossiya-i-belorussiya/
(accessed 08.02.2022) (in Russ.).
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10.5922/2079-8555-2013-2-11.
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Labour migrants from the Middle East Arab countries in Sweden: a paradigm shift
... Orange, R. 2017, Syrian refugees open for business in Sweden, Deutsche Welle, 7 February, available at:
https://www.dw.com/en/syrian-refugees-open-for-business-in-sweden/a-37428707
(accessed 11 July 2020).
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https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2020.1839638
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28. Tausch, A. 2019, Migration from the Muslim World to the ...
Ethno-confessional immigrant ghettos as a national security problem in Denmark’s social and political discourse
The ghettoisation of immigrant areas in Denmark is a lengthy and objective process of the emergence of ethno-religious ‘parallel societies’ in the state. Cultural and religious principles that are often at odds with the democratic values of Danish society guide the actions of ghetto residents. Danish social and political discourse pictures this ideological difference between the host society and Muslim immigrant minorities as a potential threat to Denmark’s national security caused by a combination...
Ways of an estimation of realisation of priority national projects in the Kaliningrad region and a way of perfection of the legislation on their financing
... are taken up. The article contains the analysis of creation and realization of the above-stated programs, considers legal regulation questions, mentions features of financing and realization of programs in the Kaliningrad region, with allowance for enclave area positions. Ways of perfection of financing and realization of programs to the legal and remedial plan are considered
1.
Бухгалтерский
учёт, налоги, хозяйственное право: ловарь. М., 2006....
The ways to assess the implementation of priority national projects in the Kaliningrad region and improve project financing legislation
The article focuses on the financing of priority national projects in the Russian Federation and the Kaliningrad region. The author analyses the development and implementation of programs, considers the legal regulation issues, the features of program financing and implementation in the Kaliningrad region in view of its semi-enclave positions, as well as the ways to improve program financing and implementation in legal and
procedural aspects.
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Zverev Yu.
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Geography and economy of the Kaliningrad region: limitations and prospects of development
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Innovations in the Baltic Sea Region and Network Cooperation between Russia and the EU
... Baltic region countries], Balt. reg., no. 2, p. 48—54. doi: 10.5922/2079-8555-2011-2-5.
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The Kaliningrad Oblast: a Unique Region and a Typical Centre
... instability of the socioeconomic situation. The main reason for the reduced efficiency of state activity is the attempt to apply standard mechanisms of governmental regional development regulation that neglect the unique nature of this Russian territory: its enclave/exclave status, the settling history of the region, the dependence on external markets, etc. To solve the problems of the Kaliningrad region, the state should partially revise its ideology, including the views on external connections of Russia’s ...