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The author investigates the transformation of life strategies of people living in the area of armed conflict in Donetsk People’s Republic. Due to difficult life circumstances, civilians in the area of armed conflict lose their life goals and priorities, and their attitudes and value orientations change. These basic categories are structural elements of the value-semantic and motivationaldynamic spheres of personality, which ...

Within a polemic with B. Willems's article, the author analyses the size of civilian population of Königsberg remaining in the city during the siege of 1945. The article considers approaches of Soviet and German command to evaluating the role of civilians in defending the fortress during the siege. 1. Вик М. Закат ...

The relevance of this topic is determined by the increasing number of so-called combatants (participants in hostilities, including both military personnel and civilians) due to the emergence of localized armed conflicts, which flare up and subside globally, and the resulting need to establish unified standards for professional support for individuals affected by the psychological trauma of such situations. ...

The army has traditionally played a prominent role in Sudan’s socioeconomic and political life. The events of April 2023 once again confirmed the country’s failure to establish stable political institutions since gaining independence. This study aims to examine the historical prerequisites and conditions that led Sudan into civil war and a humanitarian crisis, ultimately resulting in the degradation and collapse of the state. The article concludes that the armed forces are no longer the only successfully...

This article presents primary sources for studying the siege and battle of Königsberg of 1945. The work aims to distinguish between the civilian population remaining in the city and combatants defending it. It is shown that the inflated Soviet estimate of the garrison strength, which was uncritically reproduced by Prof G. V. Kretinin, should be revised as a result of Soviet memory distortion....

The paper analyses the role of the civilian population during the siege of Fortress Königsberg between late January and April 1945. It will discuss the scope of coercion and the living condition in the city, as well as the reasons why civilians decided to stay in Königsberg. Their large ...

... International Humanitarian Law // International Review of the Red Cross. 2008. Vol. 90. №   872. Р . 883—906. 7.  Commentary on the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 / ed. by J. Pictet. Vol. 4. Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War. Geneva, 1960. 8.  Commentary to the Additional Protocols of 8 June 1977 to the Geneva Conven­tions of 12 August 1949 (Protocol I) / C. Pilloud, Y. Sandoz, Ch. Swinarsky. ICRC, 1987. 9.  Commentary on the HPCR Manual ...

... Federation, which does not have common borders with the main part of the country, is significantly dependent in its development on the external situation, including the military-political environment. The latter determines the ratio of the military and civilian components of regional development, as well as the military-strategic significance of the region for Russia, the number and composition of the Russian military forces in the region. In doing so, NATO’s policies and activities, as well as the ...

... Discursive Transformation of a Concept. History of the Human Sciences, 24(5), pp. 48-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0952695111421865 . Hartmann, T., 2012. Moral Disengagement during Exposure to Media Violence: Would It Feel Right to Shoot an Innocent Civilian in a Video Game? In: R. Tamborini, ed. 2012. Media and the Moral Mind. New York: Routledge, pp. 109-131. Hedley, D., 2017. Bild, Bildung and the “Romance of the Soul”: Reflections upon the Image of Meister Eckhart. Educational Philosophy ...