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... cooperation vary a great deal depending on the group of countries involved in cooperation processes. Independent of its type, however, international cooperation is beneficial for all parties concerned and should therefore be more actively encouraged. Northwestern Federal District traditionally plays a special role in the development of EU-Russia cooperation, since a number of its regions border on the EU countries. The district participates in the development of network innovative structures within the Baltic Sea region....

... Fedorov, G., Gorodkov, M., Zhukovsky, I. 2011, The role of the Kaliningrad region in the development of Russian-German relations, Balt. Reg., no. 4 (10). p. 33-39. DOI: 10.5922/2079-8555-2011-4-4. Stepanova S. tourism development, border regions, Northwestern Federal district, tourism infrastructure 109-120 10.5922/2079-8555-2016-3-9

The Northwestern Federal District is a Russian macro-region that is a unique example of a model region. It accounts for 10 % of the country’s total area and 9.5 % of its population. This article aims to trace the patterns of city distribution across the region, to assess the ...

This research is warranted, since the Northwestern Federal District accounts for a significant proportion of Russia’s exports. The study aims to reveal the connection between the federal district’s external and internal economic development and to identify the extent to which institutional support for international ...

... authors identify the patterns of communicative and physical space com-pression using comparative mapping, statistical and historical research methods, and a model showing the spatial differentiation of regional socioeconomic charac-teristics in the Northwestern Federal District. The study focuses on border areas, where the following key manifestations of compression have been identified: trans-port connectivity, level of agriculture development, and depopulation. All these indicators of space compression process are ...

... cross-border cooperation in regional external relations. The empiric data we have gathered is used to develop and implement a pilot assessment of cross-border specialization of interregional relations which are characteristic of the border regions of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation. The article offers cross-border specialization indices for each border region of the Northwestern Federal District. With their help, we were able to identify the spheres of interaction with the highest degree of cross-border ...

..., Moscow, 398 p. 11. Skaterschikov, S. V., Chistobaev, А. I. 2014, Spatial planning in the European Union and the Russian Federation, Balt. Reg., no. 1 (19), p. 104—112. DOI: 10.5922/2079-8555-2014-1-9. 12. Sobolev, А. V. 2013, Prostranstvennye ... ... development of the region (theoretical aspect)], Geograficheskij vestnik [Geographic bulletin], no. 1—2, p. 15—22. Sobolev A. Northwestern economic district, spatial development, regional population distribution systems, forces of production, functional relations 108-119 ...

... border has on intensive knowledge transfer is yet to be investigated. This article analyses models of knowledge integration taking place between Russia’s northwestern regions and the countries that their border. The study covers six territories of the Northwestern federal district (the Republic of Karelia, St Petersburg, and the Kaliningrad, Leningrad, Murmansk, and Pskov regions); five regions of the Central federal district (Belgorod, Bryansk, Voronezh, Kursk, and Smolensk); and one region of the Southern federal district ...

... Innovative development of regions: models of analysis and assessment of prospects, Innovacionnoe razvitie jekonomiki [Innovative development of the economy], no. 2 (44), p. 79—88 (In Russ.). 2. Kochkin, T. N. 2020, Differentiation of regions of the Northwestern Federal District by investment and innovation ratings, Nauchnyj jelektronnyj zhurnal Meridian [Scientific electronic journal Meridian], no. 4 (38), p. 276—278 (In Russ.). 3. Ilina, I. E., Zharova, E. N., Agamirova, E. V., Kamenskiy, A. S. 2018, Innovative Development ...

... Utbildningsstyrelsen, Universiteten, available at: http://www.utbildningsstyrelsen.fi/utbildning_och_examina/hogskolor_och_universitet/ universiteten (accessed 18 April 2012). Ryabichenko Arkady, Kuznetsova Tatyana innovations, Russia, Sweden, Finland, Northwestern federal district, universities, cooperation 122-127 10.5922/2079-8555-2012-3-12

... Baltic region. The author presents the results of a comparative analysis of innovative development in Russia and the Baltic Sea countries based on the calculation of an integral research and technological potential index for the Russian Federation, the Northwestern Federal District of Russia, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Germany, Poland, Estonia, Lithuania, and Latvia. The paper describes the level of research and technological development of Russia in 2008—2010 in terms of human resources, R&D, material and technical ...

... (accessed 17.07.2016). 40. Więckowski, M. 2010, Tourism development in the borderlands of Poland, Geographia Polonica, Vol. 83, no. 2, p. 67―81. Stepanova S. V. tourism development, border, tourist resource, tourist destination, border regions, Northwestern Federal district 76-87 https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2017-2-6

... propagation of industrialization impulses, and modernization in the heart of Russian Northwestern macroregion. At the same time, the specific features of the region’s... ... 1990—2012 gody [Rossia on Baltic: 1990—2012], Kaliningrad, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University Press, 252 p. 26. Kuznetsov, S. V., Mezhevich, N. M. 2012, Jekonomicheskoe... ... development of economy of the macroregion (on the example of the Northwest federal district)], Saint Petersburg, 334 p. 29. Kuznetsov, S. V., Rotenberg, R. B. 2012...

The article describes the results of an integral assessment of the regional social, environmental and economic systems (SEES) and the quality of life (QOL) in the regions of Russia’s Northwestern Federal District (NWFD). This work aims at giving an integrated assessment of SEES in the Arkhangelsk and Murmansk regions in comparison to the Moscow region. The authors examine the QOL in 10 NWFD regions, including the Baltic ones. The significance of the research ...

... particular, those used in Russia and the EU, which made it possible to compar the data. The article presents the result of the application of this methodology based on a comparative evaluation of the scientific and technological potential of Russia (Northwestern federal district) and EU states of the Baltic region. The experimental check suggests that the methodology be further improved for future clustering of Russian and EU regions according to the level of their innovative development. 1. Avdulov, A. N., Kulkin,...

... entities (individual entrepreneurs and farmers; small, medium, and large enterprises) per 1,000 population, the study demonstrates cross-regional differences in entrepreneurial activity as a manifestation of entrepreneurial capital, including those in the Northwestern Federal District. Ponomarev O. B. entrepreneur, risk, lifecycle, evlution of entrepreneurial properties, entrepreneurial spirit, entrepreneurial capital 152-166 10.5922/2079-8555-2019-4-9

... regional asymmetry of economic development are analyzed. The article presents the author’s method of assessing regional asymmetry of small enterprise innovation development and the mechanism of its diagnostics tested in the case of the regions of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation. The most meaningful factors affecting innovation activities of small enterprises are identified. 1. Беликов М. Ю. Северный Кавказ, асимметрия социально-экономической ...

This article proposes a practical method for estimating the regional asymmetry of small and medium business development and presents the results of its approbation in the Northwestern Federal District of Russia. The author makes a conclusion that small and medium business is developing unevenly. The author's method can be used in studying other aspects of the asymmetry of economic development as well as in drawing up small and medium enterprise ...

... districts of Guryevsk and Bagrationovsk and the agricultural districts of Nesterov and Pravdinsk, whereas the worst performing ones are those of Gvardeisk, Krasnoznamensk, Ozersk, and Chernykhovsk. A comparison with the other constituent entities of the Northwestern federal district proved that the level of social wellbeing of Kaliningrad rural municipalities is rather high and most of them have made the transition from depression to sustainable development. 1. Federal'nyj zakon ot 06.10.2003 № 131-FZ «Ob obshhih principah ...

This article focuses on the cooperation between the constituent entities of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation and the Baltic countries (Finland, Estonia, and Norway) in the field of innovations at national and regional levels, as well as at the level of corporate cooperation. The author reviews successful implementation of innovation ...

This article compares the research and innovation potential of Russia in general, the Northwestern federal district and the Baltics (Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia) and explores the opportunities for cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Baltics in the field of innovations. The authors identify possible areas of cooperation and describe its mechanisms....