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... implements Kantian ethos (spirit), which can be understood as the free use of reason. Using Rawlsian approach, the author attempts to defend Rawls from the accusation that he fundamentally misunderstands Kant. This defense is based on that the most important element of Kant’s philosophical legacy is the critical attitude (or ethos) rather than a specific concept (for instance, the categorical imperative). This article identifies the intersections between Rawls’s and Kant’s ideas, as well as ...

This article focuses on the analysis of the problem of evil in Kant’s works. The author attempts at reconstructing the key stages of Kant’s logic of ethics and, on this basis, reconstructs his idea of evil. Of special importance is the analysis and criticism of the anthropology-focused study of the sources of good and evil in the work Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason. The author sees the key to understanding Kant’s approach to the problem of evil in ...

... on the one hand, to inscribe the works of the Russian philosopher Hessen into the Neo-Kantian tradition and, on the other hand, to emphasise the originality of his philosophical position in the framework of Neo-Kantianism. The author identifies two important aspects in the analysis of the Russian thinker’s works: his attention to the philosophical practice and the evolution of his philosophical views towards Platonism. As to the problem of philosophical practice, when analyzing Hessen’s works ...

This article is the second part of the research concerning the publications of Russian scholars in Kant-Studien, the leading periodical dedicated to Kant studies and the most important print of the International Kant Society. The article describes the history of publications of Russian authors from 1974 to 2008. 1. Asmus V. F. Dialekticheskij materializm i logika. Ocherk razvitija dialekticheskogo metoda v novejshej filosofii ...

... Neokantianer M. Kagan to create a concept of philosophy of history through developing the main ideas of philosophy of history formulated by his teacher, the founder of the Marburg School of Neokantianism, H. Cohen. The author emphasizes the cardinal importance of philosophy of history for the philosophical position of the Russian thinker. 1. Каган М. И. Автобиографические заметки // Каган М. И. О ходе истории / ред.-сост. В. Л. Махлин....

... paper is devoted to the contemporary discussions about the history of analytic philosophy, the criteria of its distinguishing as a philosophical movement and its present status. It is emphasized that its ambivalent attitude to Kant’s philosophy is important for understanding the character of analytic philosophy. 1. Брюшинкин В. Н. Логика Канта и метафизика Стросона // Кантовский сборник. 2011. Вып. 3. С. 7—17. 2. Вригт Г. ...

... Peace», written in late XVIII century, with the implementation of nowadays project of European Union? 2) If such parallels are possible, to what extent the structure of the EU corresponds to Kant's vision? 3) Which Kantian ideas are of the foremost importance to future development of the EU? Basing on the analysis of Kant's treatise and of the current structure of the EU, the author arrives to the conclusion that the two projects can suitably be compared. However, such comparison requires viewing ...

There are two important facts that prevent the success of the so called "ontological argument": 1) the use of the concept of existence as a real predicate and 2) the confusion of de re and de dicto modalities. The article considers a way to overcome the former ...

The article considers the issue of developing students’ critical thinking as an important competence in the 21st century educational context. Having analyzed the international re­search, the authors attempt to present approaches to interpreting the concept of “critical thin­king,” its component composition, and methods of its ...

... modern literary study to revise the Soviet ideological interpretations of Decembrism, as well as by the task of thorough analysis of Bulat Okudzhava’s novel “Journey of Dilettantes” (1971–1977), an iconic book of the late Soviet era. The most important artistic statement of the writer is considered in the context of the “Decembrism myth” of the Soviet intelligentsia, which achieved the peak of its popularity in the 1970s. The purpose of the study is to clarify the originality of the author’s ...

... for translation of works into Arabic, though the number of translators and publishers popularizing German literature in Syria is growing. The activities of translators (for example, Abdo Abbud, Fuad Ayub, Mohammed Jadid, Ahmed Al-Hammo), who played an important role in promoting the works of German-speaking authors, are examined in detail. The novel by German writer Patrick Süskind «Perfumer» («Das Parfum») was chosen as an example for a more detailed analysis.

... Poplavsky’s book of verses “Snowy hour”. Biblical allusions, lyrical plot of poems, composition and an image of lyrical subject are considered. Researched levels of literary text are studied with connection with the image of Christ, whose personality has important place in religious diaries of the poet. This diaries becomes the foundation of the lyrical book and in them theological conception of “Snowy hour” is justified. Contents of the article is presented of analyze and disclosure of main topics ...

... the Smolny Insti­tu­te of Noble Maidens, in preparing future female graduates for professional activities as ho­me teachers and governesses is detailed. The research methodology is based on an aspectual app­roach: considering only one aspect, the importance of curricula in implementing pedago­gical training. Additionally, a conceptual approach, historical method, and retros­pec­tive exa­mination of practical experience are applied in a certain part of the research.

Federal standards, developed for students with special educational needs, have secured a differentiated approach as one of the most important postulates. In practice, when assessing the educational results of students with disabili­ties, teachers are faced with many problematic situations. Adaptation of such programs involves certain alignment, and a special evaluation system, which ...

The authors study emotive and perceptual vocabulary through its se­mantic reflection of the holy as the most important component of religious linguistic consciousness. The complex approach offered in the works of S. P. Lopu­shanskaya served as the basis for analyzing the language material. It examines the intralinguisitic systemic analysis of language unit ...

... the author’s individual mind. Af­ter the exploration of the cognitive approaches, a literary image is considered as a verbal sign representing the author’s worldview within the literary text. It is highlighted that while interpreting images it is important to pay atten­tion to both the textual representation of the author’s intention and the read­ers’ perception of them, especially the emotional reaction. 1. Арнольд И. В. Стилистика. Современный английский ...

... conceptual, and interpretive. Special attention is paid to the linguistic factors that influence the creation of metalinguistic utterances, in particular, the word-formation potential of the German language (neologiza­tion). The article also stresses the importance of extralinguistic context, the knowledge of which enables to interpret the meanings of lexical units as cogni­tive phenomena. Among the basic techniques of conceptualization being de­scribed are nomination, predication (identifying the main ...

... the sentence, the most significant function of which is determin­ing interrelation between semantic and syntactic organization of the sentence and the context (text, discourse, communicative register, functional style etc.) it is functioning in. The importance in the primary text analysis is headlined, considering contribution in its semantic structure of semantic models. The authors also give and interpreted some results of the analysis of the represen­tation of structural-semantic types of sentences ...

... the word origin. The results of the present study have both theoretical meaning value for the linguistic aspect, they are significant for evaluating the processes which are intensively occurring in the time of information sciences technology, and also important for the German language teaching. 1. Волкова Т. И. Процессы фонетической ассимиляции иноязычной лексики в современном немецком языке : дис. … канд. ...

... writer's work, as well as their influence on the plot of his works, are investigated. A hypothesis is put forward about the significant influence of L. Tolstoy and A. Chekhov on the formation of the author's idea of old-timers. The thesis of the crucial importance of stereotypes ingrained in the people for the perception of Russian Old Believers by Kuprin is substantiated. Particularly emphasized is the inextricability of the author’s ideas about a “split” with such significant factors in the social ...

... in various ratings. High derivational activity of the component is attributed to the extralinguistic factor, which is the principle of competitiveness characteristic of the consumer society. Formed from the ab­breviation with the meaning "very important person", the prepositive compo­nent VIP- is included in numerous derivatives as an element that sets the stratification of society. 1. Аффиксоиды русского языка. Опыт словаря-справочника / ...

... of his world perception. The quantitative analysis of somatic elements shows that more than 100 somatisms are used in the poet's lyrics. Of these, the words associated with visual perception (eyes, pupil, etc.) are most actively used, the second most important unit is the hand and its components (arm, shoulders, palms, elbows, etc.) which is determined by the representation of love contact. It is noted that a person is often repre­sented metonymically in Pasternak’s poetry through the enumeration ...

The author analyzes a well-known work by Ryleev in axiological aspect using historiographical sources and presents a new interpretation of its ideo­logical structure. The article reveals a number of important details that differ the duma’s plot from the original historical source. Focusing on the antithesis between true and false values the research examines the oppositions freedom — captivity and life — honour. A careful examination of the ...

... Germany. I conclude that, in the novel, subjective time is usully expressed linguistically by not only traditional temporal markers bus also various textual modifications of the ‘TIME – RESOURCE’ metaphor and the ‘TIME – EVENT’ metonymy. An important landmark in the life of the generation was September 11, 2001, the day of the terrorist attack on the World Trade Centre in New York. That day heralded a transition of German society from spiritual hibernation to a new mode of measuring historical ...

In the framework of cultural linguistics, this article explores the informa­tional field of proper names, specifically, toponyms. The study focuses on oeconyms, in particular, the official names of villages in one of the Smolensk region’s most important districts – Roslavl. A total of 314 names were ana­lysed to describe relevant cultural codes, which are based on various frag­ments of reality. The purpose of this work is to identify and characterise the cultural codes that are embedded ...

... corpus of historical documents requires developing cri­teria for the scientific evaluation of the former based on a number of genre pa­rameters that make it possible to structure a text array and present it in an electronic search environment. An important feature is the genre and type of a documentary text, which are established using a set of elements essential to documents. Since in histor­ical documents these elements are not always highlighted in the text, the marker of the genre can be ...

... of the Oulipo group, whose works are strongly influenced by pictorial art. This paper explores various ways in which pictorial art affects the plots, style, lan¬guage, structure, and composition of Perec’s poetics. It is argued that the three most important functions of visual art in Perec’s prose are plot-forming, structural, and conceptual-stylistic ones. 1. Балаш А. Н. Изображение художественных коллекций: опыт интерпрета­ции // ...

... in many studies of translations and adaptation of various Internet resources. Foreign translation agencies specialize both in translation services, and in the projects for the localization of various resources, and this fact emphasizes the practical importance of this process. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of localization in modern translation theory. To achieve this goal, we have reviewed Russian and foreign papers on localization, studied the relationship between the concepts ...

... determine correspondences between the relevant pairs of Russian and English evaluative adverbs. It has resulted in a list of Russian and the corresponding English pairs of adverbs. Chains of quasi-synonymous words linking the adverbs are constructed. An important feature of antonyms is the fact that negatively-oriented antonyms are marked with respect to the positive ones. The different methods for the determination of semantic metrics in the Osgood’s space are described. Usage of geodesic dis­tance ...

Place marketing and regional branding play an important role in contemporary global interactions. This research attempts to study the urban spatial linguosemiotic potential influencing city brands from the crosscultural viewpoint. The author aims to determine ways of how Russian and German city brands ...

... influences and generally valid archetypes. Special attention is given to the image of the Palace and to its spatial model, which works in the novel as a specific mean­ing-generating mechanism. The image of the Palace is viewed through its his­torical importance for the second half of the XIX century. It is as well regard­ed in its archetypical function, which organizes the artistic structure of the novel. Besides, the archetypical function of the image of the Palace makes it possible to bring the ...

The article studies the emotional interaction between mothers and emotionally excitable children at the age of six. The importance of psychological support for mothers is described. The author analyses the results of empirical research and mathematical processing of data based on the questionnaire of parent-child emotional interaction proposed by E. I. Zakharova, the diagnosis ...

..., semantic and syntagmatic characteristics of the verb collocations. The source of the research data is newspaper texts corpus DWDS. The keyword "Vergangenheit" (past) can be characterized by a high syntagmatic potential that indicates the importance of the denoted concept for memory processes comprehension. The author employs a functional-communicative approach, a complex of semasiological and onomasiological methods. The composition of the collocations, the internal organizational structure ...

... "otherness" of the subject of perception. Thus, hearing is a means of individualization of the subject, a resource, permitting to disclose its unique personal and psychophysical features. The subjectively colored auditory is always eventful: the most important milestones in formation of personal self-consciousness correlate with musical ekphrasis. The musical code aims at giving the representation of meanings, perceived by the subject as "intimate", inimitable, possessing the quality of ...

... promising object of research in cognitive linguistics. However, they are often confused with constructs of a different nature— usually with folk magic prophecies. The article presents a set of criteria that clearly distinguish between the two. The most important criterion is the focus on action (or rejection thereof) in magical prophecies and the principled external eventfulness in signs. A sharp delineation between the two objects opens up the possibility for their further interdisciplinary re­search....

... creates the necessary conditions for influencing the addressee's perception. This research is aimed at establishing linguistic and pragmatic means of achieving the planned pragmatic effect and exerting emo­tional pressure on the audience. Metaphor is an important tool for determin­ing the role of language means in enhancing the pragmatic potential of a polit­ical text. The main aim of the study is to explore the pragmatic potential of meta­phor by means of a systematic analysis of different types ...

In the sources that guide the Masons, and in the sources that they pro­duce themselves, the term “Word” dominates in the meaning of a “text, an idea or a communicative unit”. This determines the importance of the re­search. Its purpose is to identify the characteristics of the perception of the Word by the Masons, that is, to discover the typology of the unit and its func­tions. To achieve the goal, the methods of semantic, contextual and communi­cative ...

The author performs a comparative analysis of contemporary and previous names of settlements in the Kaliningrad region. The place names often reflect highly important historical events or are the names of outstanding people. Old German place names were changed in the 1940s of the 20th century. The author highlights the semantics of the toponymic units and the ways of their correlation. 1. Басик С. ...

The paper considers the body representation as an important constituent of self-portrait in the autobiography “Memoirs” (published 1717) by Mademoiselle de Montpensier. The book contains descriptions of various aspects of the life of the body (appearance, clothes, tears, illnesses, physical suffering),...

The article characterizes the function of a lecture as an important form of current university education, reveals its capacities to intensify students' cognitive activity. A certain focus is made on interactive technologies which promotes the response relations with the audience. The author concludes that the ...

... explores the motive complex of impersonality in Yegor Letov's poetics as a unity of stable figurative series and typical strategies of poetic language. Confirmation-overcoming of the borders of I is an existential conflict, which is one of the most important constants of Yegor Letov's personal poetic ontology. 1. Авилова Е.Р. Телесность как основная универсалия авангардной модели мира (на примере творчества Егора ...

... the need to develop a financial culture across the society. The authors analyse the results of surveys demonstrating a low level of financial literacy and competency in Russia’s population. It is necessary to create a financial culture, which is an important factor in the national longterm development and socioeconomic growth. The authors identify the areas of research and practice that can contribute to the development of a financial culture. 1. Большая советская энциклопедия....

... literature of the 20th—21st centuries using examples from the novel Angels & Insects by the contemporary British writer A. S. Byatt. Retreat from the traditional characterization in the creation of an artistic image and the aesthetic accentuation of its importance are manifested in the rejection of the unambiguous assessment of moral and ethical evaluation and emphatic characterological art image. The tale “Things Are Not What They Seem” brings together an ensemble of inserted structures, changing ...

The relevance of the study is determined by the importance of cognitive functions for high performance in sports. Cognitive training is one of the ways to develop cognitive functions. The study shows a positive influence of the method proposed on the state of cognitive functions in young athletes in ...

The author explores the importance of the autobiographical component in literary works. The article offers a linguostylistic analysis of short stories by the German writer H. Hesse. In these stories, the writer reconstructs his past based on his memories. The article analyses ...

The article deals with some issues of translating technical, in particular, programming texts. The author pays special attention to the polysemy of certain English IT terms. An important problem is adapting such terms to the system of the target language. Translators working in IT are required to have extensive expertise in informatics. Only this will guarantee the choice of a translation strategy adequate for the task of pragmatic ...

... formation of research competence in technical university students in accordance with the requirements of relevant federal state educational standards. The authors focus on the preparedness of future engineers to conduct technical experiments, whose important component is the mathematical processing of experimental data and performance of simulation experiments. It is proposed to develop such skills during practical classes in mathematics considered as a means to develop research competences. 1....

The problem of education quality is of particular importance in modern conditions; it must be assessed based not only on the mastery of educational programs, but also on the successful implementation of and demand for the professional knowledge obtained. The region’s geopolitical position makes it ...

This article is devoted to the important theoretical issues of cross-cultural competence. Particular attention is paid to the UK education system as one of the oldest structures in the world. Based on an analysis of a teacher’s cross-cultural experience at Durham University and the ...

.... A comparison of the journey story models of the mythological character and Byron’s main character makes it possible to conclude that in the poem, the greatness of man, who is able to assert his will in his argument with destiny, becomes the most important sacred value. This value becomes the main outcome of the main character’s journey of life. 1. Байрон Дж. Г. Мазепа // Собр. соч. : в 4 т. М., 1981. Т. 3. С. 212—234. 2. Бахтин М. М. Формы времени ...