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The paper examines flows of foreign direct investment within the Baltic region. The author demonstrates close investment ties among the EU members, which are of special importance for Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Transborder corporate integration in the region is characterized by significant imbalances. In many aspects, it can be viewed as Sweden’s economic expansion or development of domestic markets for northern European companies. Although many German, Polish and Russian companies are involved in corporate integration in the Baltic region, other vectors of their foreign economic relations are still more important for them. As ...

This article analyses the issues of EU energy policy in the 1990s-the beginning of the 2000s in order to identify the features of energy supply and energy safety of the Baltic region countries. The research and practical significance of the work lies in the stepwise ... ... and, on the other hand, at taking into account the recent trends in the energy market development. The research shows that most of the initiatives do not take into account...

... made it impossible to solve a number of problems related to the obsolescence of equipment and medical technology. Despite successes in the control of infectious diseases, there was a high incidence of dysentery and other intestinal infections in the region. The 1970s saw further development of the system of sanitary education, which reached a large proportion of the population of the region. However, the sources do not allow to assess the efficiency of this measure. Processes that were taking place in Kaliningrad regional healthcare system ...

... coherence between subcycles of shorter length (taking into account their phase shift), which is analogous to the acoustic beat effect in the propagation of wave phe­nomena in natural environments. The same phenomenon becomes a factor of vulnerability of the regional system in relation to irregularly occurring and turbulently developing impulses of the external environment. The theoretical model and hypothesis are verified on the basis of empirical data on the Western border regions of Russia as the most vulnerable zone in modern geo-turbulent conditions. The study provides ...

Rural territories of the Kaliningrad Region are affected by polarization processes, which can characterize all regions of Russia. But at the same time, due to the small size of the region, they have their own features. In particular, they have a higher level of transport connectivity and a more developed infrastructure, compared with an average rural territory of Russia. The purpose of this article is to assess the degree of influence of agricultural development on the rural settlement process (the case of the southeastern part of the Kaliningrad ...

... Federation, but require further study through identification of criteria for assessing regional settlement systems and concretization of regula­tion measures. The ways of the settlement evolution should also be taken into account in the strategies of the regional socio-economic development. Having studied the statistical data published by Rosstat, the article analyzes the terri­torial features of rural settlement and its changes in relation to the level, structure and dynamics of agricultural production in the constituent entities ...

... geopolitical situation and Big Eurasia plunging into geoeconomic uncertainty, Russian regions are working towards new interregional collaborations and looking for partners in other markets. Russia’s outposts in the Baltic — St. Petersburg and the Kaliningrad region — play a central communicative... ... logistics blockade, the Kaliningrad region is increasingly seeking new areas and forms of cooperation with St. Petersburg. In this study, I consider the historical connections... ... the Baltic. With a reference to the Framework for a Strategy for Russia’s Spatial Development until 2030, I stress the need for a closer collaboration between Saint Petersburg...

... a migrant provider to a reciever. Interregional Russian relations at this time were characterized by both balanced intensity of migratory relations a nd new migration gravitation zones. 1. Гёлер Д., Кришьяне З., Берзиньш М. Международная ... ... области в 2014 году : стат. сб. Калининград, 2015. 33. Yemelyanova L., Lyalina A. External Migration Development in the Kaliningrad Region in the 1990—2000th // Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 2015. Vol. 6, № 6. P. 77—83. 34. Lyalina A. Intensity ...

The shipbuilding industry clusters in the Eastern Baltic Sea region, i. e. Estonia, Finland and North-West Russia, may benefit significantly from increased mutual cooperation; however, the international networks between the clusters are still poorly developed. The aim of this article is to analyse the preconditions for cluster internationalization between these clusters, which are rather different ...

... and tourism development in the border regions of Russia and the EU countries. A number of projects have been implemented under the supervision and with the participation of the author. The article focuses on the role of innovative types of tourism in the regional development of territories in the case of the Kaliningrad region. The current approaches to defining tourism innovations in Russian and international studies are not comprehensive and do not reflect the essence of innovative processes. Innovative development is often ...

The article offers an analytical review of the prospects for the formation of new hi-tech markets in the Baltic Sea region with the participation of small and medium businesses. In view of the essential features of entrepreneurship, its prospects in the development and implementation of innovations seem to be quite attractive. However, in the current economic context, growth requires ...

... sense (all political phenomena of a certain territory) and in a narrow context (geopolitical relations of a certain territory). The latter is considered to be a subsystem of regional geopolitical system. The research results can be applied in the study of geopolitical regions and geopolitical systems. The article develops a methodology for regional geopolitical and political geographical studies. The author wishes to thank his colleagues from Saint Petersburg State University for their comments on earlier versions. 1. Alaev, E. B. 1983, Socialno-ekonomicheskaja ...

... fundamentally changed. There is a tendency towards strengthening the neighborhood policy. The already gained extensive and varied experience of the participation of the Kaliningrad region in the IN-TERREG Programme contributed to the socio-economic development of the region. The new financial tools should be linked to the regional development strategies of the neighboring territories. Efficient use of both Russian and the EU funds will help develop a new technology for regional development of North-West Russia. ...

The modern transformation of the world order and Russia's new place in it, which gener­ates additional problematic situations and challenges for the country, initiate the "municipal­ization" of approaches both in socio-geographical, regional studies, and in the field of state regulation of spatial development. In the municipal theme itself, at the same time, issues relat­ed to geopolitics come to the fore. The article presents ...

The study examines the factors limiting investment inflows into the development of re­sort infrastructure in the North Caucasus Federal District. Particular attention is given to the consequences of inefficient ... ... resort facilities, which generate signifi­cant environmental threats and negatively affect the sustainable functioning of the region’s tourist and recreational systems. The research methodology employed systemic, comparative, and structural analysis....

... innovation in the welsh woodlands: Community based forestry as collective third-sector engagement // For­est Policy and Economics. 2018. Vol. 95. P. 18—25. doi: 10.1016/j.forpol.2018.07.004. 11. Noack A., Federwisch T. Social Innovation in Rural Regions: Older Adults and Creative Community Development // Rural Sociology. Vol. 85, № 4. P. 1021—1044. 12. Huang C., Jin H., Zhang J. et al. The effects of an innovative e-commerce pov­erty alleviation platform on Chinese rural laborer skills development and family well-being // Children and Youth Services Review. 2020. Vol. 116. doi: 10.1016/j. childyouth.2020.105189.

The article provides new data on the development pattern of the Bolshoye Mokhovoye swamp (Grosses Moosbruch) which is the largest swamp in the Kaliningrad Region located in the southern part of the Neman Delta area. The authors consider peat bed structure, botanical composition of peat, peat accumulation rates in different periods of the Holocene and main stages of the swamp development. It has been determined ...

The development of the Kaliningrad region, Russian exclave in the Baltic, is significantly influenced by foreign policy factors. The deterioration of rela­tions between Russia and the West has led to a reduction in the region's eco­nomic ties with the neighbouring Baltic States. The ...

The authors present an overview of the main approaches to assessing the social and economic development of Russian regions. There are different types of assessment – administrative, ranking and scientific ones. Each type of assessment has its own parameters – the subject of assessment, frequency, tools, specific methodology, and others. The authors stress the ...

In 2016, the Kaliningrad region economy is entering a new stage of development. It is important to establish whether the new investment mechanism proposed in the framework of amended SEZ legislation can ensure the development of regional economy. In recent years, investment performance has deteriorated in almost all areas, since the expected abolition of customs preferences brought about dramatic changes in the business environment. The investment mechanism proposed in the new ...

This article analyses the sources and mechanisms of economic self-development of coastal border territories. The example of the Kaliningrad region proves that the main internal catalyst of regional economic development is entrepreneurship functioning on the basis of genetic-cultural determination. The author comes to the conclusion that an efficient regional economic policy aimed at the increase in the region’s competitiveness should rest, first of all,...

Given the combination of the basic territorial growth factors, the coastal regions of the European part of Russia, where large urbanized spaces have already been developed or are being developed, are of the greatest potential compared to other regions of the country. It makes perfect sense to set up large economic centers capable of harnessing the benefits of agglomeration and seaside factors in such regions. A tool to improve the level of economic deve­lop­ment and investment attractiveness ...

... concentration: Neoclassical urban systems versus the new economic geography // International Regional Science Re­view. 1996. № 19 (2). P. 31—36. doi: 10.1177/016001769601900203. 28. Isaksen A. Building Regional Innovation Systems: Is Endogenous Industrial Development Possible in the Global Economy? // Canadian Journal of Regional Sci­ence. 2001. № XXIV (1). P. 101—120. 29. Johnson, B., Lundvall B. Catching-up and institutional learning under post-socialism // Hausner J., Jessop B., Neilsen K. (eds.). Institutional Frameworks of Mar­ket Economies. Aldershot, 1993....

... of the Novgorod region. The author analyses the opportunities of applying different geographic research methods to the identification of territorial disproportions. The article offers an assessment of the total and special potential in small business development. A classification of regions according to the total potential and the degree of economic space potential development by small businesses is presented in the paper. 1. О развитии малого и среднего предпринимательства в Российской Феде­рации: ...

... public/organizacje_pozarzadowe_w_obwodzie_ kaliningradzkim.pdf (accessed 15 February 2013). 23. RITA. Program przemiany w regionie [RITA. Program transformation in the region], available at: http://rita. edudemo. org. pl/blans-programu. html (accessed 15 February 2013). 24. Partnerstwo Inicjatyw ... ... Ye. 2007, Razvitie mezhdunarodnyh svjazej v informacionnom sotrudnichestve: zarubezhnyj opyt i rossijskie media-izdanija NKO [Development of international relations in the information cooperation: international experience and Russian media publications NGO], III Vystavka ...

... East Prussia from Antiquity to present days. The authors tackle the issues of the economic history of amber, the role of the Hansa League in the development of medieval trade, the QWERTY-effects in the rail gauge standards, and the peculiarities of the development of the Kaliningrad region in the post-Soviet period 1.        Бордон В.   Е. Камни: мистика и реальность. Минск, 1985. 2.        Гареев Т.   Р., Жданов В.   П. и др. Становление новой ...

The paper considers three basic stages of formation and development of furniture manufacturing in the Kaliningrad region. Based on official statistics, the authors define pre-competitive assets of the furniture industry in the region on each of the stages of its development. 1. Большой энциклопедический словарь Калининградской ...

This article examines the development of draft resolutions of the USSR Council of Ministers “On the Priority Measures for the Population of Districts and the Development of Agriculture in the Kaliningrad Region.” The author considers the reasons behind a reduction in financial benefits and food support for settlers in the Kaliningrad region. 1. История края (1945—1950) : учеб. пособие для студентов-историков ...

This article analyses major approaches to the development of entrepreneurship theory relating to its regional aspects. The author emphasizes the need and describes the possibility of applying interdisciplinary approach to the development of regional aspects of entrepreneurship theory. The theoretical assumptions and conclusions presented in the article can be used in research on theory of entrepreneurship and the preparation of training, methodological, and research literature. 1. Бильчак ...

This article justifies the need and system-and-function-based methodology for institutional support for strategic management of regional development. The author offers an empirical analysis and proposes recommendations for updating and establishment of institutions of strategic management of socio-economic development at the federal and regional levels. 1. Лопатников Л. И. Экономико-математический ...

This article focuses on the issues of asymmetric regional development in Russia, which manifests itself in the considerable disparity between the productivity of regional economies. The research on the correlation between gross regional product and per capita taxable capacity in the constituents of RF conducted ...

... strengthening international cooperation. The research objective has been to analyze and compare the results of the implementation of the CBC Pro­grammes in different programme periods. It has singled out the tendencies in the cross-border cooperation development in the Kaliningrad region of the Rus­sian Federation. The authors relied on the methodology based on a desk re­search analysis (literature review, the previous authors research and reports regarding the implementation of the CBC programmes) as well as a quantita­tive analysis ...

... definition are provided for the bodies responsible for making administrative decisions for territorial development. The regulatory framework of spatial planning is also embodied. The main instruments of spatial planning are shown as different types of plans: Regional plan, Municipal comprehensive plan, Detailed development plan, Special area regulations and Property regulation plan. Particular attention is paid to the influence on the planning process of the entry of Sweden to the European Union. The problems associated with spatial planning are made evident and solutions are proposed. Swedish experience may be interesting to the urban and regional planners. 1....

This article provides information about the potential of the Kaliningrad region in eco-tourism, obstacles and prospects for the development of natureoriented types of tourism. It presents the areas with the highest potential for eco-tourism and a list and a map of the most important sites on the South-East coast of the Baltic Sea (Russian part). The research emphasizes "Curonean Spit" ...

... 2007—2013» programme being drawn up in 2010 identify tourism development as one of priorities, which does not only contribute to the increase in competitive advantages of the participating territories but also facilitates the formation and sustainable development of the cross-border region of the South-eastern Baltic. 1. Cross-border Cooperation Programme Lithuania — Poland — Russia 2017—2013. URL : http :// lt - pl - ru . eu / en ,1,7 (дата обращения: 22.06.2010).

The article focuses on the problems related to the disparities in the settlement system of the Kaliningrad region, the problems of small and semi-mediumsized towns, and the role of such towns in solving the regional development problems of the Kaliningrad region. The author analyses the Lithuanian experience of revitalizing small towns. The article outlines the ways to apply this experience to the Kaliningrad region. 1. Horev, B. S. 1975. Problemy gorodov. Moskow, pp. 144—151. 2. ...

... forecast of groundwater condition and properties.From the perspective of rational Nature management, the leading ecological function of underground hydrosphere is carried out by fresh underground waters. Rational Nature management underlies the sustainable development of the Northwest region, which is economically viable for the European territory of the country. 1. Shebesta, A. A., Shebesta, E. A. 2005. Vestnik SPbGU, Ser. 7, № 3, pp. 75—86. 2. Ostroumova, S. A., Vasina, G. G. 2010. Informacionnyj bjulleten' o sostojanii nedr ...