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... 1971. Vol. 6, № 16. Р. 235—240. 49. Troebst S. Handelskontrolle — “Derivation” — Endämmung. Schwedische Moskaupolitik 1617—1661. Wiesbaden, 1997. 50. Yaresh L. The “Peasant Wars” in Soviet Historiography // The American Sla­vic and East European Review. 1957. Vol. 16, № 3. Р. 241—259.

... 2018. С. 289—295. 12. Akar C. Analyzing the synchronization between the financial and business cycles in Turkey // Journal of Review on Global Economics. 2016. Vol. 5. P. 25—35. 13. Allegret J. P., Essaadi E. Business cycles synchronization in East Asian econo­my: Evidences from time-varying coherence study // Economic Modelling. 2011. № 28 (1—2). Р. 351—365. 14. Beck K. Migration and business cycles: testing the OCA theory predictions in the European Union // Applied Economics Letters....

The uniqueness of a territorial socio-economic system lies in the specific features of spatial networking of economic entities that form clusters of excellence and ensure the competitiveness of the entire system. Identifying the key elements of territorial capital is a global challenge faced by modern regional policy. I analyse the background for, and limits to, the development of a spatially targeted regional development policy. Lithuania’s so-called valleys – integrated centres for research and...

... idiosyncrasies of his literary style are emphasized. The main themes and subjects of pastor Borowski's sermons are vcarefully examined. The author emphasizes the significance of Borowski's personality for the intellectual and political life of Königsberg and East Prussia at the beginning of the 19th century. 1. Кретинин Г. В., Брюшинкин В. Н., Гальцов В. И. Очерки истории Восточной Пруссии. Калининград, 2002. 2. Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung ...

... certain pages of local history, which were included in thematic excursions for residents and guests of the region. In their excursions, tourist guides of that period paid a particular attention to the victorious military operations of the Red Army in East Prussia in 1945. During their tourist trips to Russian cities and the Baltic republics, Kaliningraders learned the history of the revolutionary movement there, the history of Second World War, and visited landmarks of different epochs. 1. Государственный ...

Based on the materials of the Sovetskaya Klaipeda newspaper, this article explores manifestations of the politics of memory pursued in Klaipėda and the whole West Lithuania region during the second half of the 1940s—the first half of the 1950s. The author identifies the main institutions responsible for creating a specific image of the past in Lithuanian society during late Stalinism. Based on newspaper articles, the author demonstrates the coexistence of various figures of memory, which were earlier...

This article presents the Neolithic materials from the settlements on the northeastern coast of the Vistula Lagoon. The settlements were populated by tribes of the Primorskaya Corded Ware Culture. It does not exclude that their predecessors could have lived on the territory in the early and middle Neolithic. Although the antiquities described below are not numerous, they represent a rare case of a coastal zone populated by groups, which have been traditionally associated with the inland territories...

This article describes the final stage of the East-Prussian Offensive of 1945. Particular attention is paid to the problem of redeployment of the 3rd Belorussian Front forces to create the necessary conditions for defeating the enemy during the Battle of Königsberg and the follow-on front mission on the Samland peninsula. 1. Белобородов А. П. Всегда в строю. М., 1984. 2. Васильев А. В. Перегруппировка войск фронта // Центральный архив министерства обороны. Ф. 241 (Оперативное управление штаба 3-го...

Analyzing the military and political consequences of the Great War it is essential to study the process of decision-making. Along with objective factors, various subjective factors were also important. Later subjective factors turned to be hidden from the researcher’s eye, being ignored by propaganda. However, it neither diminishes their significance, nor proves their non-existence. Basing on a few examples this author makes an attempt to reconstruct the motives and fears of several key figures of...

... Federal University, to explore the role of the public, company and personal transport in the life of the Soviet people. 1. Gatejel L. The Wheels of Desire. Automobility Discourses in the Soviet Union //Towards Mobility. Varieties of Automobilism in East and West. Corporate History Department of Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Manfred Grieger, Ulrike Gutzmann, Dirk Schlinkert. Wolfsburg, 2009. P. 59. 2. Urry J. Sociology beyond Societies. Mobilities for the twenty-first century. L. ; N. Y., 2000. 3....

This article explores the contentious issue of the role of Russian generals in the Gumbinnen battle of 1914 and the operations of Russian army in East Prussia in 1914—1915. The relations of Generals Pavel Rennenkampf and Nikolai Yepanchin are analysed in the context of the military activities of Russian troops at the initial stage of the First World War. 1. Залесский К. А. Поход ...

... renaming campaign are analysed. It is concluded that these processes were quite dissimilar in Poland and the USSR, which is explained by different historical pasts and different approaches to solving the problem of ‘appropriating’ the space of former East Prussia by the authorities and communities of the Masurian district of the Olsztyn voivodeship in Poland and the Kaliningrad region in the RSFSR. 1. Бродерзен П. «Позови меня тихо по имени…»: Кампания переименований ...

... 16. Р. 19—29. 28. Rimantienė R. Die Вernsteinerzeugnisse von Śventoji // Baltic amber / ed. A. Butrimas. Vilnius, 2001. P. 87—98. 29. Szmyt M. Społeczności kultury ampfor kulistych na Kujawach. Poznań, 1996. 30. Szmyt M. Between west and east people of the Globular amphora сulture in Eastern Europe: 2950—2350 BC. Poznań, 1999. 31. Tetzlaff W. The Rzucewo Culture // The Neolithic in Poland. Wrocław ; Warszawa ; Kraków, 1970. S. 356—365. 32. Witkowska B. Corded Ware Culture settlements ...

The article considers the evolution of the structure and form of Eastern Slavic iconostasis as a reflection of the major social and political ideas of their creators in terms of cultural and confessional affinity. The author emphasizes the role of mutual influences during periods of ideological crises. The role of Western Russian innovations in the development of the appearance of Moscow iconostases of the late 17th century is demonstrated. 1. Архив Юго-Западной России. Киев, 1859. Ч. 1. 2. Бусева-Давыдова...

... diplomatist’s wife in Japan: letters fr om home to home. L., 1899. Vol. 1, 2. 7. Fraser H. The customs of the country: Tales of new Japan. L., 1899. 8. Fraser H. The heart of the geisha. N. Y. ; L., 1908. 9. Fraser H. The slaking of the sword: Tales of the Far East. L., 1904. 10. Fraser H. The stolen emperor. N. Y., 1903. 11. Fraser H. The stolen prince, a legend of old Japan. N. Y., 1905. 12. Johnson L. L. Evangelists for Women’s Education: The ‘Civilizing Mission’ of Tsuda Umeko and Alice M. Bacon // ...

This article discusses the development of post-Soviet nationalist identity in Latvia under the influence of nationalist neo-Nazi organizations and persuasion. The ethnic component occupies a central place in today's political identification in Latvia. It is proved that major political groups and parties recognize and proclaim nationalist principles regardless of their basic ideology. 1. Parming T. Nationalism in Soviet Estonia since 1964 // Nationalism in the USSR and Eastern Europe in the era of...

.... П. Об аристократизме // Этическая мысль. М., 2001. Вып. 2. С. 151—168. 3. Bohun, M. Nikolai Mikhailovskii and Konstantin Leont’ev. On the political implication of Herbert Spencer’s sociology // Studies in East European Thought. 2002. Vol. 54. P. 71—86. 4. Леонтьев К. Н. Славянофильство теории и славянофильство жизни // Леонтьев К. Н. Полн. собр. соч. и писем : в 12 т. СПб....

The authors consider the structure of the Latvian political elite in 1993—2014 and analyse the major network parameters. The roles of key network actors and their changes over the study period are examined 1. Dogan М., Higley J. Elites, Crises, and the Origins of Regimes. Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Boulder CO, 1998. 2. Gould R. V., Fernandez R. M. Structures of Mediation: A Formal Approach to Bro¬kerage in Transaction Networks // Sociological Methodology. 1989. № 19. P. 89—126. 3. Higley...

The article gives an overview of German fine arts of the late 1930s as exemplified by the murals painted by a professor of the Königsberg Academy of Arts Eduard Bischoff in the East Prussian town of Insterburg. The themese of monumental paintings created a national socialism are considered in the context of the neo-classical style of the architectural style of adjacent buildings. Special attention is paid to describing and interpreting ...

... industrial specialization, and the asymmetry of macroeconomic fluctuations // Journal of International Economics. 2001. Vol. 55. P. 107—137. 7. Kim Y.-H. The optimal path of regional economic integration between asymmetric countries in the North East Asia // Journal of Policy Modeling. 2005. Vol. 27. P. 673—687.

This paper focuses on the ensuring of food supply for the military personnel of the Red Army and the German population in the first post-war years. Emphasis is placed on the development of new agricultural structures - subsidiary farms, enterprises, and, later, military sovkhozes, which created the basis for the agricultural industry after the Soviet population of the Kaliningrad region. 1. Гордеев И. А. Военные совхозы и их роль в становлении социалистического сельского хозяйства Калининградской...

... industrial specialization, and the asymmetry of macroeconomic fluctuations // Journal of International Economics. 2001. Vol. 55. P. 107—137. 11. Kim Y.-H. The optimal path of regional economic integration between asymmetric countries in the North East Asia // Journal of Policy Modeling. 2005. Vol. 27.P. 673—687. 12. OECD Factbook 2013: Economic, Environmental and Social Statistics. OECD Publishing, 2013.

This paper considers the problem of European identity in the conditions of the current European crisis. European identity developed over a long time on the moral and political grounds. The author arrives at a conclusion about the need to reconsider the concept of European identity in the EU crisis conditions. European identity cannot develop in an institutional crisis. The concept of European identity requires structural reconstruction, new foundations, since the old ones are, to a great degree,...

... the Russian marine area in the Kaliningrad region zone. The Polish border was established by the Soviet-Polish border agreement of 1945. It was of astronomical nature and did not take into account the earlier administrative and economic structure of East Prussia. Since 1993, representatives of the Kaliningrad region participated in the negotiation on the Russian-Lithuanian border. This border replicated the Lithuanian-German border of 1928 and was of orographic nature. The termination of negotiation ...

... Gongola (дата обращения: 13.03.2013). 3. Paulauskas K. The Baltic States: picking regions, shedding myths, decoding acronyms. URL: http://archive.minfolit.lt/arch/5001/5190.pdf (дата обращения: 23.03.2013). 4. Berg E. Where East Meets the West? Baltic States in search of new identity. URL: http://src-h.slav.hokudai.ac.jp/coe21/publish/no15_ses/03_berg.pdf (дата обращения: 23.03.2013). 5. Kasekamp A. The role of Baltic identity and cooperation in political ...

This article considers the human rights issues in relations between the Russian Federation and the European Union in the context of formal agreements and real policy from 1994 to the beginning of 2013. The EU regards human rights as fundamental values, which serve as the basis for its foreign relations. Russia tends to consider this issue as an attempt of an ill-disposed external actor to interfere in the domestic politics of the state. 1. Программа сотрудничества ЕС-России (Тасис/ИЕСП). Официальный...

This article considers the literary career of the famous East Prussian poet Simon Dach in connection with the history of Koenigsberg University. With the support of the ruling house of the Electorate of Branderburg and Prussia, Dach managed to obtain the position of a professor of poetry at the university, ...

This article reconstructs the situation of total ignorance that the Soviet settlers faced when reclaiming the alien cultural space of former East Prussia. The author analyzes the settlers' cognitive activity of cultural assimilation of new territories, which became an everyday routine and vital necessity. 1. А ну-ка, подумай! // Калининградский комсомолец ...

... konstytucji RP: wybór przepisów prawnych. Warszawa, 1994. 10. Chruściak R., Mołdawa T., Wojtaszczyk K. A., Zieliński E. Polski system polityczny w okresie transformacji. Warszawa, 1995. 11. Krouwel A. Measuring Presidentialism of Central and East European Countries // Working Papers Political Science. 2003. № 2. 12. McCarty N., Meirowitz A. Political Game Theory. Cambridge University Press, 2007. 13. Mołdawa T., Zakrzewska J. Historia sejmu polskiego. Warszawa, 1989. T. 3 :Polska Ludowa....

This article focuses on the features of the re-evacuation of World War I refugees in 1920, i.e. the spontaneous movement of the hungry mass of refugees to the Western border, the South and South-East, as well as Siberia, in early spring, which was supported by local authorities aspiring to reduce the pressure on their own regions but opposed — to no effect — by the central authorities. The planned evacuation solely to the Baltic Republics at the end of summer of 1920 was accompanied by violations...

This article considers the architecture of the second third of the 19th century in Eastern Prussia, belonging to the period of German Romanticism. The author focuses on the reasons behind the development of this trend and the role of the King of Eastern Prussia, Frederick William IV, and the architect, F.-A. Stüler, in the history and architecture of that period. 1. Каталог объектов культурного наследия Калининградской области. Калининград, 2005. Т. I — IV. 2. Очерки истории Восточной Пруссии...

1. Дементьев И. О. Черчилль о Гумбиннене: к истории одной цитаты //Вестник Балтийского федерального университета им. И. Канта. 2011. Вып. 12. 2. Кретинин Г. В. Август четырнадцатого // Очерки истории Восточной Пруссии / Г. В. Кретинин [и др.]. Калининград, 2002. 3. Кретинин Г. В. Неизвестная война // Запад России. 1994. № 1 (9). 4. Кретинин Г. В. Неизвестная война (окончание) // Запад России. 1994. № 4 (12). 5. Кретинин Г. В. Август четырнадцатого. Сражения на полях Восточной Пруссии // Восточная...

This article considers the history of one quotation from Winston Churchill’s article on the Gumbinnen battle (1914). The context of this reference is reconstructed on the basis of author’s correspondence with the American historian Richard M. Langworth. 1.  Касимов О . Необходимое предисловие // Такман Б. Первый блицкриг. Август 1914. М.; СПб., 1999. 2.  Кретинин Г.   В . Август четырнадцатого // Очерки истории Восточной Пруссии / Г. В. Кретинин, В. Н. Брюшинкин, В. И. Гальцов и др. Калининград...

The peculiarities of the EU enlargement policy are investigated in this article. The author attempts to analyze the reasons for the division of the Baltic States into two negotiation groups as well as the developed mechanism of the acceleration of the preparation for the EU accession. 1.  Agenda 2000 — Commission Opinion on Lithuania’s Application for Member­ship of the European Union. Brussels,15 th July 1997. URL: http://ec.eu­ropa.eu/enlargement/archives/pdf/dwn/opinions/lithuania/li-op_en...

This article considers the issues of establishment and activity of commandant’s offices of the Third Belorussian front on the territory of Prussia at the closing stage of World War II. 1.  Кретинин Г.   В. Еще раз о военных комендатурах Кёнигсбергского особого военного округа в 1945—1946 годах // Вестник Российского государственного университета им. И. Канта. Вып. 12: Сер. Гуманитарные науки. Калининград, 2007. С. 88—92. 2.  СССР и германский вопрос. 1941—1949: док. из АВПР. М., 2000. Т...

.... ; L., 1972. 8. Harriman A. Special envoy to Churchill and Stalin 1941— 1946. L ., 1975. 9. Hull C. The memoirs of Cordell Hull. N. Y., 1948. Vol. 2. 10. Larsh W. W. Averell Harriman and the Polish question, December 1943 — August 1944 // East European politics and societies. 1993. №   3. Vol. 7. 11. Leahy W.   D. I was there. L., 1950. 12. Lukas R.   C. The strange allies, the United States and Poland, 1941—1945. Knoxvill, 1978. 13. Lukas R.   C. Bitter legacy. Polish-American ...

This article analyses the position of labour migrants from Russia in East Prussia in the end of the 19th – the beginning of the 20th century. The author considers legal and economic assistance provided by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Empire to its citizens on the basis of recently discovered reports ...

This article delves into the etymology of the names of the Dnieper rapids of the Ros origin mentioned by Constantine Porphyrogennetos. The author reveals the similarity between these names and the Baltic toponymy. 1.  Александравичюс Ю. Литовский язык. Вильнюс, 1984. 2.  Барсуков Н . Жизнь и труды М.   П. Погодина. СПб., 1903. Кн. 17. 3.  Брайчевский М.   Ю. «Русские» названия порогов у Константина Багряно­родно- го // Земли южной Руси в IX-XIV вв. (история и археология). Киев, 1985...

... the evolution of aesthetic ideals of baroque as the reflection of changes that took place in social consciousness. The author formulates the content standards of aesthetic ideal of baroque music and focuses on the history of spread of baroque music in East Prussia in the 17th century. 1.  Панофский Э. Галилей: наука и искусство. У истоков классиче­ской нау­ки. М., 1968. 2.  Буркгард Я. Культура Италии в эпоху ...

Rural territories of the Kaliningrad Region are affected by polarization processes, which can characterize all regions of Russia. But at the same time, due to the small size of the region, they have their own features. In particular, they have a higher level of transport connectivity and a more developed infrastructure, compared with an average rural territory of Russia. The purpose of this article is to assess the degree of influence of agricultural development on the rural settlement process (the...

The authors study the modern composition of the macrophyte flora of the Kaliningrad Bay (The Russian part of the Vistula Lagoon), which includes 116 species: 96 species of vas­cular plants and 20 species of macroalgae. Only 39 species of macrophytes were found in 2021, i. e., 19 species of higher plants and 20 species of macroalgae. Depending on the abiotic factors in the four hydrological regions of the lagoon, the floristic diversity and distribution of macrophytes has its own characteristics....

Municipalities of the Kaliningrad region are increasingly differentiated in the pace and nature of their socio-economic development in the paradigm of the center-peripheral model. The economic center and the coastal zone bordering on it are increasingly pulling together economic and human resources, increasing the risks of sustainable functioning of the eastern peripheral municipalities. This also applies to the entrepreneurial activity of the population, expressed in the number of operating SMEs...

Submarine groundwater discharge is widespread in the Southern Baltic and creates specific conditions for the formation of benthic ecosystems. Groundwater has hydrochemical characteristics that are different from sea water, which is reflected in the chemical composition of bottom sediments and waters. In addition, underground runoff from the aquifers of the zone of active water exchange, along with river runoff and atmospheric deposition, can serve as a significant factor in the pollution of the marine...

The paper presents the results of a study on species composition of diatom assemblages in a sediment core from the southwestern part of the Curonian Lagoon. There have been identified 56 species and intraspecific taxa, which belong to 35 genera. The species of Actinocyclus, Aulacoseira, Fragilariforma and Staurosira were recorded as dominant taxa in the bottom sediment samples. The studied sediments contain a large number of species, which demonstrate optimal development at a high pH value. Most...

The change in borders as a result of World War II spawned massive displacements of millions of people that affected East Prussia, ceded to the USSR and Poland. The article examines the migration processes caused by these changes in the territory of the former German province, i. e. in the Kaliningrad region of the RSFSR, the Klaipeda region of the Lithuanian SSR and ...

A northern storm with a wind speed of up to 23 m/s, lasting 10 hours, with a wave height of 7—8 m, accompanied by a rise in sea level by 0.7 m, hit the coast of the Southeastern Baltic Sea in January 2019. The coast of the Rus­sian part of the Curonian Spit was selectively eroded. The most significant erosion was recorded in the near border part of the coast (the foredune retreat­ed from 1 to 4.7 m), as well as in the root section, where the foredune broke through and the adjacent territory was flooded...