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... a platform for emergence and recognition of the Baltic Sea region. The author focuses on the social and cultural integrity of the region and considers the traditional Nordic countries and the Baltic Sea states as interrelated components of a single region, different from other European regions in terms of economic interests, as well as its natural and sociocultural landscape. 1. Witte, S. Yu. 1960, Vospominanija [Memoirs], Мoscow, Vol. 2, p. 122—123. 2. Karlbek, H. 2002, Russkoe v Shvecii i shvedskoe ...

... take from 3 to 5 years. The introduction and integrated use of GLONASS pose a number of organizational and economic problems for regional administrations. One of such problems is the evaluation of economic benefit from GLONASS implementation in the region. Economics has developed a large number of methodological approaches to the calculation of such effects in different fields of satellite information application: Earth's remote probing, crop yield forecasts, forestry, water industry and agricultural monitoring, etc. However, the research shows that attempts to perform a calculation for various fields of satellite ...

... differences. An attempt to identify the factors behind these differences through calculating the correlation coefficient made it possible to detect only one factor, whose value is close to essential: the geographical remoteness from Moscow. However, many regions of central Russia have a low share of retail chains. One cannot exclude that a significant role in the development of interregional differences is played by institutional factors, which can become a focal point of further research. 1. Санников О. В. Особенности розничной торговли в России // Проблемы местного самоуправления....

... with the national average (based on the official statistics). The authors reveal some territorial features of the demographic pro­cesses, such as the development of settlement polarization and suburbanization, as well as the fundamental geodemographic differences between the near suburban zone of Kaliningrad and less urbanized eastern municipalities. It is proposed to use the concept of the Unified Settle­ment System in the eastern parts of the region to improve the spatial organization of settle­ment on the basis of a three-stage system of inter-settlement service. The authors noted strengthening role of Sovetsk and Chernyakhovsk in serving the cities and rural areas of the North and South-East ...

This paper is a review of recent Polish studies on identity and collective memory in the Kaliningrad region of the Russian Federation. Polish authors have analysed the development of Kaliningrad regional identity – a process closely related to collective memory changes and politics of memory. Scholars have explored the ‘identity dilemmas’ of Kaliningraders, commemorative con­flicts between different groups about the past, and strategies for the ‘invention of traditions’. However, studies into the identity of certain groups of local res­idents (the Polish diaspora or Catholics) cast doubt on the very validity of the question about the ...

.... The geogra­phy of the study covers the municipalities of the Rostov region. The analysis of some indicators of innovative activity characterizing the level of provision of residents and small and medium-sized businesses of municipali­ties in the region with financial and information and communication services, supporting the entrepreneurial infra­structure and infrastructure of e-commerce. The focus is made on identifying differ­ences between urban and ru­ral settlements in terms of involvement in the innova­tion process. An assess­ment of the impact of agglomeration and coastal factors on the diffusion of in­novations at the inter-municipal level is given: from the ...

... the region is the efficient economic devel­opment, while losses and risks are minimal. The population opinion poll con­ducted in the Smolensk region identifies the priority areas in economic and so­cial policy. The article also points out to the difference in opinions of the popu­lation and the political elite of the region regarding the main vectors of eco­nomic development. The findings of the opinion polls can construct the socio­logical portrait of the region.

The article studies the sectoral structure of employment and the gross regional product, the similarities and differences of the region from other bordering coastal regions of Russia through the economic and statistical analysis of indicators of population dynamics. The benefits of the coastal and borderline positions are not fully exploited by the region, that is, those types ...

... geodemographic approach in comprehensive regional studies to the needs of regional strategic planning; the key features of geodemographic typology of Russian constituent entities; the need for a differentiated approach to geodemographic management in regions of different types. The cluster approach is used to identify types of Russian regions on the basis of both natural and migration-related change. The author identifies correlations between demographic and economic, social, residential, ethnic and environmental ...

... predprijatij [Economics of agriculture and processing enterprises], no. 2, p.15—19, available at: www.vniiesh.ru/publications (accessed 09.12.2013). 6. Kovalev, S. A. 1974, Regional'nye razlichija v perspektivnom razvitii sel'skogo rasselenija [Regional differences in the future development of rural settlement], Moscow, 101 p. 7. Kovalev, S. A. 1963, Sel'skoe rasselenie (Geograficheskoe issledovanie) [Rural resettlement (Geographical Survey)], Moscow, 372 p. 8. Kuznetsova, T. Yu. 2009, Geodemograficheskaja ...

... development of Russia-EU cooperation in the Baltic region. It is established that, with the development of integration connections and regionalization processes, interorganizational networking takes on special importance in the organization and development of the ... ... form of international cooperation. A study into the spatial form of interorganizational networks helps explain the effect of different levels and types of economic integration. Key areas of research on international interorganizational networks are identified ...

... taxonomy of historical and cultural complexes and the corresponding system of historical and cultural zoning of the North-West Russia presented on a sketch map. The article offers an exemplary description of historical and cultural provinces of the region. The contribution of the research to the Russian geography of culture is the authors' variant of taxonomy of historical and cultural complexes and the formulation of basic principles of historical and cultural zoning at different hierarchical levels. The research results can be applied, first of all, in the development of projects aimed at the protection and use of territorial cultural heritage in the framework of comprehensive schemes of territorial planning of the ...

... re­spondents' living environment — urban or rural. The main method of re­search was a focus group with subsequent processing of results using ATLAS.ti software programme. The study revealed that environmental risks are not a priority problem for the region. Rural residents are more concerned about en­vironmental risks. There are similarities in the assessments of environmen­tal conditions by urban and rural residents. However, the author identified some differences particularly regarding the development of the salt deposit. These differences can be explained by different cultural types: a negative atti­tude prevails among individualists and egalitarians, a contrasting position prevails among hierarchs....

... monument of cultural heritage. The article provides information about the physical condition of the Cathedral and Kant’s tomb in different years, including the materials of various relevant committees. The author describes the conservation, maintenance, and ... ... both objects. The history of the Cathedral and Kant's grave is examined in the context of politics of memory pursued by the regional authorities. Changes in the attitudes towards the German historical and cultural heritage of former East Prussia are ...

... the territory management optimizing and of defining the role of linguistic means in the branding discourse. The material of the study is the number of texts (original and translated) in Russian, English and German placed on accessible Web-portals of different regions or on accessible official Web-portals of different touristic regions and cities. It was showed that the linguistic focus of territory branding should take into account communicative focus of text, its genre characteristics; communicative function,...

The article analyses cultural life and leisure activities in the Kaliningrad region during the Soviet period. The concepts of “leisure”, “free time” at different times were different in contents. On the one hand, leisure was understood as time when people recharged after hard work, and on the other hand, it meant their spiritual development. On the basis of archival and published sources, as well as ...

... поселений Ленинградской области // Экономика Северо-Запада: проблемы и перспективы развития. 2017. № 3-4 (56-57). С. 76—85. 2. Aryal G. R., Mann J., Loveridge S., Joshi S. Drivers of differences in inventiveness across urban and rural regions // Journal of Urban Affairs. 2020. doi: 10.1080/ 07352166.2020.1712151. 3. Backman M., Lööf H. The geography of innovation and entrepreneurship // Annals of Regional Science. 2015. № 55 (1). P. 1—6. doi: 10.1007/s00168-015-0713-x. 4. Carrera ...

... clarification and definition are provided for the bodies responsible for making administrative decisions for territorial development. The regulatory framework of spatial planning is also embodied. The main instruments of spatial planning are shown as different types of plans: Regional plan, Municipal comprehensive plan, Detailed development plan, Special area regulations and Property regulation plan. Particular attention is paid to the influence on the planning process of the entry of Sweden to the European Union. The problems ...

... current condition and development prospects of the fuel and energy industry of the Kaliningrad region specified in regional programmes. The authors compare the potentials of different renewable energy sources and provide information on the exploitation of different renewable energy objects in the region. The article presents a preliminary assessment of the thermal capacity necessary for the residential area of an ecovillage with a population of 50,000 and suggests ensuring heat supply with the help of heat pumps. 1. Схема и программа ...

... identified. A decrease in population density to the east of Kaliningrad is also shown. For the municipal entities of the Kaliningrad region, the area and density of inhabited territories have been calculated. Dasymetric analysis has re­vealed areas of compact ... ... govern­ment rural agglomerations. The conclusion is drawn regarding the existence of stronger con­nections between settlements within different municipal entities and the potential for the ex­pansion of rural agglomerations beyond administrative boundaries. The ...

Since 2019, the Ministry of Construction, Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation has annually assessed the quality of the urban environment in more than 1,114 cities. The paper takes the case of the Leningrad region to consider a number of hypotheses about the correspondence between the Urban Environment Quality Index (UEQI) values, the city’s remoteness from agglomeration centers, population changes and migration growth, absolute population and municipal ...

... Kaliningrad, component of identity. The regional public consciousness and particularly its collective memory, which is in the process of its shaping, is influenced by the previous German (East Prussian) history. The diversity of memory sites in the region with different national and cultural characteristics requires a specific approach to ranking the identity emphasis.

... 1995 - 2016,the article compares the dynamics and structure of the GRP of the Kaliningrad region to the corresponding indicators of the aggregate GRP of the Russian Federation subjects. Changes in the regional GRP are linked to the specifics of the regional economic development in different years. The achieved level and structure of the Kaliningrad regional GRP is shown to reflect the post-industrial nature of its economy and are comparable with those of other subjects of the Russian Federation being average in development. A special ...

... government bodies in the field of protecting the rights of citizens to the freedom of conscience and the freedom of religion. The author analyses the principles of regulating the activity of religious organizations, and monitoring their interaction with different religious confessions in the Saratov region. Special attention is paid to the emerging system of partnership between the state and religious institutions, which is a key vector in the development of religious policy at the subnational level. 1. Лиценбергер О. А., Семенов ...

Municipalities of the Kaliningrad region are increasingly differentiated in the pace and nature of their socio-economic development in the paradigm of the center-peripheral model. The economic center and the coastal zone bordering on it are increasingly pulling together economic and human ...

The patterns of development and distribution of production, including agricultural production, common to the country, are also characteristic of the exclave Kaliningrad region. However, spatial isolation from other Russian regions causes, firstly, a greater dependence on external geoeconomic and geopolitical factors and, secondly, a clearer manifestation of the patterns of spatial differentiation in the economy. Research ...

The coastal area of Russia is a dynamically developing region of the coun­try, the geopolitical and geostrategic importance of which has grown significant­ly in recent decades due to changes in the external conditions of development. The differences in the socio-economic development of the coastal area of Russia are reflected in the numerous gradients of the migration situation, the study of which determines the purpose of this article. The study relies on typology, statis­tical and ...

The exclave and coastal position of the Kaliningrad region determines the development conditions that differ from other regions, including those of the regional innovation subsystem. The most important and integral part of this subsystem which actually ensures the interaction of its components, is trans­fer of technologies. The main "holders" of technologies ...

... examines the emergence and development of Crimea (including Sevastopol) as Russia’s fourth exclave. Using the typology of the world’s enclave areas as objects of political geography, the author identifies distinctive characteristics of the Kaliningrad region and Crimea (the Crimean federal district) and compares them to other national and international enclaves. Another focus is the evolution of both territories from the national exclaves within the USSR into external ones. The author analyses general ...

This paper attempts to analyse the existing regional disparities with the help of the proposed population and territory performance indices. A regional analysis is carried out on the basis of index calculations; certain territorial groups of regions are identified. The author examines the state ...