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Allusion as a technique of fiction has been studied by various scientific disciplines for the past few decades. This “translator” of cultural, historical and literary information is a significant element that serves to reveal the author’s intention. Allusive inclusions from the works of M. Matusovsky are divided into groups depending on ...

... 1910. 9. Delbanco A. College. What It Was, Is, and Should Be. Berlin ; Boston, 2014. URL: http://www.degruyter.com.lprx.bates.edu/view/product/465840 (дата об­ращения: 11.08.2016). 10. Flexner A. Funds and Foundations. Their Policies Past and Present. N. Y., 1952. 11. Herbst J. From Crisis to Crisis. American College Government. 1636—1819. Cambridge (MA) ; L., 1982. 12. Improving Measurement of productivity in Higher Education: Panel on High­er Education Productivity, Conceptual ...

... Bolshevik Victory of the Kalachevsky District were selected as sources of information. The chosen time frame of 1941—1945 allows us to identify the characteristic features of regional denomination during one of the most diffi­cult periods of the past century and to identify the extralinguistic factors, which had an impact on the lexis studied. Statistical and contextual methods are used to analyze the frequency of use and semantic content variability. The proposed approach makes it possible to ...

... and “Austerlitz” the sig­nificance of visual inserts for the formation of the narrative is determined by their absolute integration with the text. I hold that photography in W. G. Se­bald’s works is the embodiment of a collective memory of the past. It encour­ages the creation of personal history and evokes individual memories. It com­plements the narrative and reveals parallels between different fragments of the narrative, which are not linked textually. 1. Ассман А. Длинная ...

The study established a wide verb stress variety, and stated the ambiguity of their dictionary fixation. The authors consider the traditional opposition of feminine gender verb forms to the other gender verb forms as a stable trend. The authors also denote a new opposition of the neutral gender verbs, marked as acceptable younger norm, with the type of accent paradigm a/c 2, 3. Wide variatian is also observed in short passive participles, free stress participle­forms are also common. A complex and...

... characterized by a specific means of cohesion — the repetition of the names of the responsible persons in the initial and final paragraphs of the document. The specificity of the certificates textual modality makes them focused on an event in the past, which means that retrospect of the text is enhanced. At the same time, connectivity between text fragments is provided by anaphoric pro­nouns and deictic means. The peculiarity of the passport is that it is intended to present the document in the ...

... Onegin’ and shows that the implicit and explicit names of sciences determine the autobiographical status of the text. 1. Волков И. В. Джон Барт: университет как универсум // Новое прошлое / The New Past. 2016. № 2. C. 70—85. 2. Гумбольдт К. В. фон. О внутренней и внешней организации высших научных заведений в Берлине // Неприкосновенный запас. 2002....

Having analyzed fifty-seven letters of the Polish poet Wladyslaw Broniewski and seven letters of Irena Gelman, the author explores the historical and cultural context as well as the poetic vision of the correspondents. Additionally, these letters bear testimony to their romatic feeling. The authors of the letters knew and appreciated Russian literature, which was one of the subject matters in their letters, and valued both classical Russian literature and the literatrure of the time. In their letters...

... anagramming and using anagrams in satirical poetry. The reduction of anagrams to the level of the language game and the secondary nature of theorizing are the characteristic features of this century, when a break with the esoteric traditions of the past eras occurred. 1. Вольтер. Философские повести. М., 1960. 2. Свифт Дж. Путешествие Гулливера // Собр. соч. : в 3 т. М., 2008. Т. 1. С. 173—441. 3. Anagramme // Encyclopédie, ou ...

... medium for keeping and transferring cultural legacy through space and time. It is discovered that literature-as-a-medium and memories are interconnected. It is also demonstrated how reading evokes spe-cific memories and forms a certain image of the past. 1. Ассман Я. Культурная память: Письмо, память о прошлом и поли­тическая идентичность в высоких культурах древности. М., 2004. 2. Рикёр П. Время ...

This article explores peculiarities of the formation of the German agricultural discourse as a special type of scientific discourse of the seventeenth century. The author performs a discursive and cognitive analyses of the treatise «Stratagema oeconomicum oder Akkerstudent» written by the German pastor Salomon Gubert in Livonia in 1645. The linguocultural aspect of the institutional communication is considered as the main distinctive feature of the discourse. 1. Арбузов А. Л. Очерк истории Лифляндии...

... of a psychosomatic affection // Psychos. Med. 1945. № 7. Р. 240—245. 11. Kissen D. The significance of syndrome association in psychosomatic medi-cine // J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 1963. № 136. P. 34—42. 12. Lipowski Z. J. Psychosomatic medicine: past and present // Can. J. Psychiatry. 1986. № 31. Р. 8—13.

This article focuses upon the 'time' and 'space' concepts in Boris Paster-nak’s poem “When it Clears up” (1956) and its English translation by Lydia Pasternak-Slater. Special emphasis is laid upon the significance of the 'holi-day' concept for the structural unity of the poem. In the atemporal dimension of a ‘holiday,’ visible images of the natural world become symbolic representa-tions of the invisible. In the English translation, the overt concreteness of some of the poetic images results in the...

In the information society, criticism assumes a special role in the system of genre and stylistic differentiation of media texts. The media culture of new generation is faced with the problem of studying the discursive characteristics of criticism of modern media genres. The analysed examples of criticism from German press focusing on arts and culture make it possible to reveal certain trends in the media perception in the early 21st century 1. Богоявленский А. Е. PR и журналистика: поговорим о...

The focus of this article is on the cognitive structure and means of verbalisation of the temporal and atemporal layers in Charles Dickens's depiction of Christmas in his novella «A Christmas Carol». In the complex structure of the holiday concept, past and present become intrinsically blended, Christmas time being a manifestation of eternity. 1. Бердяев Н. А. Время и вечность // На переломе. Философские дискуссии 20-х годов: Философия ...

This article considers the features of mathematical education in Russia in the 18th-19th centuries. The focal point is the significance of children’s physical activity for the development of spatial perception and mathematical thinking. The author makes recommendations on the development of motivation in schoolchildren for studying mathematics and the use of interdisciplinary approach to developing mathematical thinking and arousing interest in acquiring mathematical knowledge. 1. Юшкевич А. П....

Texts from modern Russian newspapers are used to demonstrate the specific features of explication of objective modality meaning through the forms of indicative mood of the present, past, and future tenses. The expression of situational modality is related to the use of modal verbs and predicatives in combination with a dependent infinitive and direct speech structure. The author examines the explicators of objective modality and ...

This article described the structure forming function of biblical motifs in the plot relating to the spiritual struggle between the good and the evil for the soul of the persona. The author identifies the role of intertextual connection in the formation of the image of poetic I. 1. Гиржева Г. Н. Поэтика лирики Б. Пастернака (лингвистический аспект) :Автореф. дис … канд. филол. наук. М., 1991. 2. Гладков А. К. Встречи с Пастернаком. Париж, 1973. 3. Жолковский А. К. О заглавном тропе книги...

The article analyses how the terms “memory wars” / “memorial wars” are applied in the contemporary research papers on conflicts of collective perceptions of the past. The author shows that in the late 1990s and early 2000s the concept was not yet associated exclusively with the political sphere, within which different social groups were producing historical narratives, but in the 2000s and 2010s modern understanding ...

... German monuments to the objectives of the memory policy aimed at filling the historic landscape of the city with the Soviet attributes. The conclusion substantiates the key role of the memorial opened at Fort № 5 as a mediator (media) between the past of the region and the inhabitants of the region to promote the historical narrative about the storming of Königsberg by the Red Army as the central event of the East Prussian operation of 1945.

In the past few years there has been a significant increase in the number of publications by Russian authors in international databases of scientific cita­tion which is dictated by the desire to increase the global competitiveness of scientific and educational ...

... of making political mistakes, the oversight authorities forced the author to abandon several storylines devoted to the history of the edge. As a result, the work, originally conceived as a story about the fate of the city and its inhabitants in the past and present, turned into a production novel, traditional for Soviet literature, telling about the achievements and problems of ocean fishing and the daily life of Kaliningrad fishermen.

In 1997, the Constitution of the Republic of Poland was adopted. Since then, constitutional disputes have continued in Poland. After the 2015 elec­tions, they sharpened. In addition, Polish President Andrzej Duda proposed a change to the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. This initiated a po­litical debate on constitutional matters. They are the subject of the article. Moreover, the most important current constitutional dilemmas were ana­lyzed. The cur­rent constitutional debate refers both...

... sce­nario features various factors of personality self-actualization during mas­tering macro-mediator language. Among many topics discussed during the inter­views, there were the following ones: “Existential orientation towards the pre­sent or the past / future”, “Aims and means of activity”, “Solidarity with soci­ety as a whole or with a particular group”, “Degree of autonomy / conformism towards cultural-group influence”, “Predominant focus on positive / negative experience”,...

... Introduction to Criminalistics. 1st ed. Academic Press, 2009. 9. Inman K., Rudin N. Principles and Practice of Criminalistics: The Profession of Forensic. Boca Raton, 2001. 10. Osterburg J. W., Ward R. H. Criminal Investigation: A Method for Reconstructing the Past. 7th ed. Abingdon ; N. Y., 2015. 11. Ray D. Information-gathering Strategies: The Investigative Mindset. URL: http://www.media.ba/en/journalism-techniques-strategic-communication-campaigns-investigative-journal... (дата обращения: ...

... previously unexamined archival documents and regional press materials, I consider the creation and later transformations of the histor­ical exposition at the Kaliningrad Regional Museum of History and Art. Analysis of exhibition boards dedicated to the past of the region reveals the po­litical and ideological context in which local museums developed. Moreover, it renders it possible to describe the politics of memory pursued by the local au­thorities and trace changes that took place in the regional ...

... manifestations of the politics of memory pursued in Klaipėda and the whole West Lithuania region during the second half of the 1940s—the first half of the 1950s. The author identifies the main institutions responsible for creating a specific image of the past in Lithuanian society during late Stalinism. Based on newspaper articles, the author demonstrates the coexistence of various figures of memory, which were earlier described in historiography: from the Soviet (Socialist) to Russian and Lithuanian ...

... uses the indicative method based on studying variations in the chain growth rate of prices, trends method, and time series variation. The calculations made it possible to describe changes in prices for staple food in the Kaliningrad region over the past ten years. 1. Борисова А. А., Ермолаев М. Б. Проявление закона Филлипса на уровне региона // Экономика и предпринимательство. 2013. № 11. С. 32—37. 2. Борисова ...

... Edward Henry, Lord Stanley, 1849—1869. / ed. by. J. Vincent. L., 1978. 11. Inauguration of Lord Stanley // The Times. 1834. 22 Dec. P. 3. 12. Gash N. Sir Robert Peel. The life of Sir Robert Peel after 1830. L., 1972. 13. Gladstone W. E. Gleanings of Past Years, 1843—1878. L., 1879. Vol. 1. 14. Freeden M. Ideologies and Political Theory: A Conceptual Approach. Oxford, 1996. 15. Hawkins A. British Party Politics, 1852—1886. Basingstoke, 1998. 16. Hawkins A. Forgotten Prime Minister: the 14th Earl ...

... settlements, natural objects, streets, and squares are identified and the practical problems of the renaming campaign are analysed. It is concluded that these processes were quite dissimilar in Poland and the USSR, which is explained by different historical pasts and different approaches to solving the problem of ‘appropriating’ the space of former East Prussia by the authorities and communities of the Masurian district of the Olsztyn voivodeship in Poland and the Kaliningrad region in the RSFSR. 1....

Almost all recent historical and literary studies agree that the Livonian Chronicle conveys an impression of a poetical work containing archaic elements. The affinity between the Chronicle and German heroic epic poetry is often stressed. The established perspective, which distorts the image of the Chronicle, requires adjustment. This literary study into the Chronicle’s text complements research on the development of corporate identity in the Teutonic Order. 1. Arnold U. De primordiis ordinis Theutonici...

This article analyses Nikolai Ustryalov’s concept of “Russian Lithuania,” which presents the history of medieval Lithuanian as part of the Russian past. The author examines the career of S. S. Uvarov – Minister of National Enlightenment in the 1830 – 1840s, as well as other factors behind the official narrative about the “Russian character” of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The paper stresses ...

... 11. Coleman J. Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital // American Journal of Sociology. 1988. Vol. 94. Suppl. P. 95—120. 12. Goldthorpe J. H. et al. Social Mobility and Class Structure in Modern Britain. Oxford, 1987. 13. Grusky D. B. The Past, Present, and Future of Social Inequality // Social Stratification. Class, Raсe, and Gender in Sociological Perspective / ed. by D. B. Grusky. Boudler, 2001. P. 3—39. 14. Wright E. O. Class, Structure and Income Determination. N. Y. 1979.

... Блокадная этика. Представления о морали в Ленинграде в 1941—1942 гг. СПб., 2011. 11. Brown N. Life against death. L., 1959. 12. Kennedy R. Psychoanalysis, History, and Subjectivity. Now of the past. Hove, 2002. 13. Kirschenbaum L. The legacy of the siege of Leningrad, 1941—95: Myth, memories,and monuments. Cambridge, 2006.

This article, based on archival materials, is devoted to the educational activity of the senior research fellow of the Museum of the City, Ye. A. Polyakova. Her works are dedicated not only to gardening and park facilities of past eras, but also to new trends in public landscape facilities of the 1920s—1930s. 1. Балабко Т. В. Е. А. Полякова — историк «зеленого строительства» Ленинграда // Всероссийская ...

The author considers the scope of the «military culture of society» concept and analyses the possibilities of its application in humanities in order to extend our knowledge of the past and the present. 1.  Ашев Г.   А. Культура воинской деятельности. М., 1984. 2.  Каменев А.   И. Современная высшая военная школа: состояние, проблемы ...

... Glinka) in this process. The author defines the basic elements of conservative nationalist ideology: interpretation of the people as a «body politic», antiwesternism, antiliberalism, cult of autocracy, selective glorification of Russia’s historical past. 1.  Карамзин Н. М. Записка о древней и новой России. М., 1991. 2.  Местр Ж. де. Петербургские письма. СПб., 1995. 3.  Шишков А.   С. Собрание сочинений ...

... 1. 5.  Alexander Halensis. Summa theologiae, I, p. 1, inq. 1, tract. 4, q. 1—3. 6.  Anselmus Cantuariensis. Cur Deus homo? Lib. 2, cap. 5, 10, 15 7.  Courtenay W.   J. John of Mirecourt and Gregory of Rimini on Whether God Can Undo the Past // Recherches de théologie ancienne et médiévale. 1972. Vol. 40. 8.  Courtenay W.   J. Necessity and freedom in Anselm’s concept of God // Cove­nant and Causality in Medieval Thought. London, 1984. 9.  Courtenay W.   J. Potentia ...

This article focuses on the factors having influenced the formation of the conscious attitude to the past of the Kaliningrad region in the local residents. The author shows that a special regional identity, which developed in the interaction with the unique cultural environment, requires a public discussion as decisions concerning the transfer of the ...

A study on the problems of social family-genetic memory may contain various mistakes made by senior respondents when recalling events of the past. The analysis of empirical data should take into account such memory-related mistakes. The interpretation of empirical data requires a special approach. 1.     Знанецкий Ф . Мемуары как объект исследования ...

... Sea in the Late Holocene. The hydrological and hydrochemical conditions of its isolated bottom layer are strongly influenced by water exchange with the North Sea, which in connected to the World Ocean. Information on environmental conditions in the past is necessary to understand the observed changes in the Baltic Sea ecosystem, to identify the natural and anthropogenic components of these changes, as well as to make re­liable forecasts. Changes in natural conditions are reflected in the composition ...

... may be interesting for conducting similar studies in some other regions of Russia. The results of the typological research showed that only 10 % of small cities in the Western borderlands can be clas­sified as relatively prosperous, in which over the past 10 years the population has grown (or decreased, but the rate of decline was below the average regional values), and urban environment in the cities has enabled to classify them as favorable.

... areas from cities increases. Based on the statisti­cal reporting and agricultural censuses, the article assesses the changes and spatial distribution of production, social and demographic processes in rural areas of the Kaliningrad region over the past three decades. The differences in the situation in the west (in the rapidly developing Kaliningrad agglomera­tion) and in the lagging behind eastern municipalities are shown. Social inno­vations are seen as a way to solve the problems of peripheral ...

In the Kaliningrad region, as well as in other regions of Russia, the cen­ter-peripheral model of economic development directly affects the transfor­mation of the regional settlement system. Over the past 10 years, the dynam­ics of the population in rural settlements of the region has been determined by agglomeration and transport-geographical factors. The analysis of changes in the population of 1,068 settlements in the region (excluding cities ...

... years of economic and political crises. The onset of periods of recovery matches a change in state policy, general economic growth and a rise in the technological level of agriculture, as well as changes in the domestic and for­eign markets. Over the past decade, there has been an increase in cultivated land area in the Baltic countries and the Kaliningrad region, and crop yields are growing throughout the region. Given the characteristic features of agri­cultural land management dynamics, subregions ...

... mobilization of its productive forces while forming new market niches in the process of import substitution. The research shows that the Rostov region is relatively stable economically and has enough potential for progressive devel­opment. However, over the past 4 years, some negative trends have been ob­served. They were mainly caused by the deterioration of the regional business environment. A comparative analysis of the regional and all-Russia economic indicators, as well as the average indicators of ...

... Several models existed in the region over the time – those of production curtailment in the war and post-war years and in the period following the collapse of the USSR and those of booming agriculture observed in 1913—1914, 1975—1980, and the past decade. 1. Вампилова Л. Б. Теория регионального историко-географического анализа // Псковский регионологический журнал. 2010. № 10. С. 129—140. URL: ...

... Interpretation. Amsterdam, 1962. 3. Broecker W. S. Massive iceberg discharges as triggers for global climate change // Nature. 1994. Vol. 372. P. 421—424. 4. Heinrich H. Origin and consequences of cyclic ice rafting in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean during the past 130,000 years // Quaternary Research. 1988. Vol. 29 (2). P. 142—152. 5. Hesse R., Chough S. K., Rakofsky A. The North Atlantic Mid-Ocean Channel of the Labrador Sea. V. Sedimentology of a giant deep-sea channel // Canadian Journal of Earth Science....