Principles and systems for commercial classification of amber from ancient times to the present day
Amber classification plays a crucial role in its study, extraction, use in jewelry and amber art, various industrial sectors, and trade. This article provides a comparative analysis of classification systems and principles that have existed historically and are currently adopted in the main amber-producing and amber-processing countries (Russia, Poland, and Ukraine). The study does ...
Trade in the Kaliningrad region: methods of evaluation
The article suggests a new methodological approach to assessing business activity in retail trade in the Kaliningrad region. The authors present a methodology for calculating the regional index of business activity in retail trade, taking into account the specificity of the Kaliningrad region. Indicators of retail business activity in the region ...
Interregional and cross-country flows of labor resources in the Kaliningrad region: factors and vectors in the contemporary Eurasian context
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Foreign economic activity of Saint Petersburg, the Leningrad Region, and the Republic of Karelia: problems and opportunities for development
... cooperation in adjacent areas. Specifically, we focus our attention on the cluster of regions formed by the city of St. Petersburg, the Leningrad region and the Republic of Karelia. All three areas face a number of challenges when it comes to international trade: challenges that are shared and that require strategic coordinated solutions from regional decisionmakers. One of such solutions, for example, could require pooling of competitive advantages of these areas. The analysis of strategic documents of ...
EU de facto membership: an attempt to adapt to current challenges
... initiatives by third countries to incorporate the acquis communautaire into domestic legislation, the importance of a shared cultural identity, as well as quantitative indicators—namely, the orientation of more than 50 % of a country’s foreign trade toward the European market and the implementation of over 50 % of EU legal acts into national law. A comparative analysis is provided of Switzerland as a representative case of de facto membership and the United Arab Emirates as a country currently ...
Regional innovation security as a coherence of multi-cyclic self-organizing: experience in building an ideal model
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Coastal and western border centers in the system of large cities of modern Russia: socio-economic and innovation development.
... strategically important groups: coastal centers and cities of the Western borderlands of Russia. Having applied economic-statistical analysis for 6 indicators (average salaries and per capita measures of the number of organizations and enterprises, retail trade turnover and public catering, commissioning of houses and the number of publications in peer-reviewed journals, indexed in Scopus) the study confirmed the hypothesis on ‘coastalizing’ socio-economic and innovative potential and advanced ...
The basic trends in the development of bilateral trade between the Kaliningrad and Grodno regions
This article examines foreign trade activities between the cooperating regions of the Union State of Russia and Belarus determined by the bilateral convergence of national economies for solving common economic problems and developing regional economies. The author identifies the degree ...
Foreign trade of the Kaliningrad region: major trends
The author exposes major trends of foreign trade development in the Kaliningrad region in new geopolitical situation, basic features of exports and imports in the exclave region.
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The economic and social impact of capital-city proximity on territorial development
... reflected in higher macroeconomic indicators, including average wage levels and gross regional product per capita, as well as in a more adaptive economic structure. It has been established that capital-adjacent regions exhibit increasing specialization in trade, services, and manufacturing industries. At the same time, the study reveals that this development is accompanied by the intensification of social problems, including an overheated real estate market characterized by inflated property prices, growing ...