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The development of the Kaliningrad region, Russian exclave in the Baltic, is significantly influenced by foreign policy factors. The deterioration of rela­tions between Russia and the West has led to a reduction in the region's eco­nomic ties with the neighbouring Baltic States. The coastal position ...

The article focuses on key characteristics of modern universities (global, scientific and entrepreneurial) ones. The authors discuss prospects of the strategic development of the university in the Russian exclave. 1.      Aleksandrov D. Uchenye bez nauki. Institucional'nyj analiz sfery // Pub­lich­nye lekcii na «Polit. ru». [online] Available at: < http://www.polit. ru/sci­en­ce/2006/03/ 06/ aleksandrov. html > [Accessed 5 July 2010] ...

.... 1985, Geodemograficheskaja tipologija [Geodemographic typology], Leningrad, 152 с. 17. Fedorov, G. M. 2013, Obshhie i specificheskie faktory razvitija jekonomiki rossijskogo jeksklava [General and specific factors of economic development of the Russian exclave], Vestnik ARGO, no. 2, p. 195—205, available at: www.vestnikagro.sfedu.ru (accessed 09.12.2013). 18. Definition of Rural Settlements, 2010, available at: www.ehow.com (accessed 23.11.2013). 19. Regional tillväxt 2010, 2010, available at: ...

Dramatic geopolitical and geo-economic changes occurring since 2022 have created a new development context for Russian border regions redrawing their economic security boundaries. The latter are also changing, which is understood as the ... ... the operating regime of the region in terms of its openness or closedness as a territorial system. We use the example of the exclave Kaliningrad region to identify the leading border functions, analyze changes in the economic security boundaries and propose ...

... economic-cartographic and graphoanalytical analysis — and critically reviews a wide body of literature on the problem. It is shown that the exclave position of the Kaliningrad region makes it difficult to justify a long-term strategy of its socio-economic development.... ... advan­tageous geographical position in the coastal zone and the region’s proximity to economically developed countries and Russian regions. Deterioration of polit­ical relations and the weakening of socio-economic ties between Russia and the West diminished ...

The article examines the emergence and development of Crimea (including Sevastopol) as Russia’s fourth exclave. Using the typology of the world’s enclave areas as objects of political geography, the author identifies distinctive characteristics of the Kaliningrad region and Crimea (the Crimean federal district) and compares them to other national and ...

... University, 2003. 44. Klemeshev A. Exclavity under globalization. Kaliningrad : I. Kant University Press, 2007. 45. Klemeshev A., Fedorov G. From an isolated exclave — to a «development corridor». Alternative development strategies of the Russian exclave on the Baltic Sea . Kaliningrad : Kaliningrad state University, 2005 . 46. Klemeshev A., Fedorow G. Kaliningrad — a pilot region for EU — Russia cooperation? // Russia and the European Union. London — New York : IISS. 2005. 47. ...

This article analyses possibilities for minimising energy threats to the economy of the Kaliningrad region — an isolated Russian exclave. The au-thors consider the key aspects of the region’s economic security, identify threats, and provide a critical assessment different solutions to this problems. The research is based on the data of Rosstat and international statistics (IEA),...

... history of the establishment of higher medical education (from the stage of its planning to the first graduation of physicians) within the framework of a classical university — Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University in the Kaliningrad Region, an exclave territory of the Russian Federation. The retrospective and analysis highlight the relevance and urgency of the problem of physician, nurse, and paramedic shortages in the Kaliningrad Region during the 2000s. The role of the government and the leadership of Immanuel Kant ...

.... Belov, A. Ye. 2009, Pogranichnaja regionalistika [The border regionalism], Golicyno, Golitsynsky Frontier Institute of the Russian FSB. 22. Mezhevich, N., Zhuk, N. 2013, Cross-border Specialization of Interregional Interaction: Applying New Assessment ... ... doi: 10.5922/2079-8555-2013-1-3. 23. Klemeshev, A. P. 2007, Jeksklavnost' v uslovijah globalizacii: izbrannye publikacii [Exclave in the context of globalization: selected publications], Kaliningrad, Immanuel Kant State University of Russia, 354 p....

... Especially sharply, it arose with a change in the geopolitical position of the re­gion after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the Baltic economic area. Ex­clavity is the most important geopolitical factor in the life of the region. The dialectic of exclave is in the discretion of not only the obstacles, but also of the development possibilities of the region. An­other major factor is the immediate proximity of the European Union. Through understanding the geopolitical po­tential of development,...

The Kaliningrad region, as an exclave of the Russian Federation, which does not have common borders with the main part of the country, is significantly dependent in its development on the external situation, including the military-political environment. The latter determines the ratio of the military ...

After the demise of the USSR the Kaliningrad region became a Russian exclave, geographically separated from the rest of Russia by foreign states. The development of the region became dependent on external factors, including Russia’s political relations with foreign countries, NATO and EU. Geopoliti­cal changes required ...

... Kaliningrad region is a border and a coastal area in one. Such a combination of geographic features affects the development of this exclave region of Russia. The maritime status has a direct and indirect positive impact on the sectoral structure and the pace ... ... and their competitors win. In general, the economy of the Kaliningrad region is developing faster than in most regions of the Russian Federation, and, it can be assume that one of the factors is its geographical situation. These factors must necessarily ...

... business development. The combination of the specificity of small enterprises as business entities and the distinctive features of exclave regions and the subsequent assessment of the significance and nature of the impact of such traits made it possible to ... ... Официальный сайт исследова­тельской группы «Циркон». 2010. URL : http://www.zircon.ru/russian/1/050124.htm (дата обращения: 02.10.2010). 3. Сайдуллаев Ф. С., Шестоперов А. М....

The patterns of development and distribution of production, including agricultural production, common to the country, are also characteristic of the exclave Kaliningrad region. However, spatial isolation from other Russian regions causes, firstly, a greater dependence on external geoeconomic and geopolitical factors and, secondly, a clearer manifestation of the patterns of spatial differentiation in the economy. Research methods are based on the spatio-temporal ...

... applied theories in spatial development. The aim of this article is to conduct a critical analysis of the center-periphery theory at the present stage, highlighting its strengths and weaknesses. To achieve this objective, an analysis was conducted of Russian and foreign works by specialists from various fields who have studied the center-periphery theory. The essential features of the theory and its transformation over time in terms of theory and methodology were noted. This theory is often regarded ...

Amid a worsening geopolitical situation and Big Eurasia plunging into geoeconomic uncertainty, Russian regions are working towards new interregional collaborations and looking for partners in other markets. Russia’s outposts ... ... — St. Petersburg and the Kaliningrad region — play a central communicative role in relations with European countries. An exclave under transport and logistics blockade, the Kaliningrad region is increasingly seeking new areas and forms of cooperation ...

Amid a worsening geopolitical situation and Big Eurasia plunging into geoeconomic uncertainty, Russian regions are working towards new interregional collaborations and looking for partners in other markets. Russia’s outposts ... ... — St. Petersburg and the Kaliningrad region — play a central communicative role in relations with European countries. An exclave under transport and logistics blockade, the Kaliningrad region is increasingly seeking new areas and forms of cooperation ...

... understood as territories separated from the territory of the mother country by a foreign state (states) but having access to the sea. A complete list of coastal exclaves in the world as well as their main comparative characteristics is given. Coastal exclaves are compared to other ones in Russian typologies of enclave regions. The author has classified coastal exclaves according to several parameters. 1. Robinson G. W. C. Exclaves // Annals of the Association of American Geographers 1959. Vol. 49, iss. 3. P. 283—295. 2. Melamid A. Enclaves ...

... A., Shlihter, S. B. 1995, Geografija transportnyh sistem. Kurs lekcij [The geography of transport systems. A course of lectures], Moscow, ROU; IG RAN. 4. Fedorov, G. M., Zverev, Ju. M. and Korneevets, V. S. 1997, Rossijskij jeksklav na Baltike [The Russian exclave on the Baltic Sea], Kaliningrad, Izd-vo Kaliningr.un-ta, 312 p. 5. Fedorov, G. M., Korneevets, V. S. 1999, Baltijskij region [The Baltic Region], Kaliningrad, Izd-vo Kaliningr. un-ta, 208 p. 6. Mezhevich, N. M. Baltijskij region i Rossija na Baltike: ...

... characterised by the instability of the socioeconomic situation. The main reason for the reduced efficiency of state activity is the attempt to apply standard mechanisms of governmental regional development regulation that neglect the unique nature of this Russian territory: its enclave/exclave status, the settling history of the region, the dependence on external markets, etc. To solve the problems of the Kaliningrad region, the state should partially revise its ideology, including the views on external connections of Russia’s constituents....