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Recently published papers and our own research results have enabled the authors to generalize the data on the paleofauna of Dominican amber, the largest deposit of the Miocene age fossil organisms. The research tasks includ­ed geographic and stratigraphic examinations, the study of research history and an attempt of synchronization of paleofans with other Lagerstättes. The authors show the absence of endemism at the family level. The Mesozoic La­gerstättes are linked to the modern Neotropical fauna...

Spleen, as a lymphoid organ, can activate itself in certain diseases, which is macroscopically manifested by splenomegaly. At certain stages of a disease development, splenomegaly may be an only symptom. There are different ways to detect splenomegaly with physical diagnostic methods and instru­mental studies, but their results can be rather contradictory. The aim of the research is to provide a critical analysis of a varity of instruments. The article offers a good review of a varity of papers and...

The article describes the history of the study and the composition of the palvesk formation established in the deposits of the Paleogene of the Sambian Peninsula in the Kaliningrad Region. The authors give the most complete micro- and macro-faunistic characteristics, as well as the palynological complex according to previous studies. According to the results of absolute dating of glauconite isolated from the siltstones of the formation, as well as palynological data, it dates back to the Eocene age...

Individual characteristics of each patient and appropriate choice of treatment based on the results of diagnostics present a foundation for the elaboration of programmes aimed at preventing periodontal disease. The evaluation of these activities requires new approaches to their organization, development and planning for preventing the development of pathology of the periodontium and improving the effectiveness of therapeutic manipulations for reducing complications. 1. Абаев З. М., Домашев Д. И...

The article gives morphometric characteristics of thymic mast cells of rats supplied with drinking water for 10 months in a concentration of 10 mg/l in correlation to silicon. It has been shown that the amount of mast cells does not change in interlobular cortical thymus septa with this type of exposure, however, the percentage of mast cells with complete degranulation increases, as well as the proportion of mast cells with a high degree of metachromasia. In this case, the average size of mast cells...

The article applies the spatial-dynamic approach to carry out an analysis of the rural settlement in the Pskov region in the provincial time. The study covers the period from the middle of the XIX century up to 1926. The first general census of the Russian Empire (1897) has been chosen as an interim date for the analysis of dynamic processes. The study revealed differences between provinces of the Pskov region in terms of population and key characteristics of rural settlement. 1. Алфавитный список...

In this article, we study the degree of dependence of heart rate variability in healthy adolescents and young adults on the average rhythm frequency. In the study group, heart rate variability decreased as heart rate grew. Although there was no difference in the increase in the heart rate, the variability of the heart rate decreased less significantly in young women than in young men. An increase in the average heart rate by 10 cardiac cycles per minute reduced the heart rate variability by 25.6...

The article explores the intersection of the concepts of spatial networking and territorial community. The author offers a typology of various forms of spatial networking and describes the main characteristic features of each type. It is substantiated that any form of spatial networking is based on territorial сommunity. The article describes a theoretical approach to studying the formation and transformation of a territorial community. There are different types of proximities within the territorial...

The article studies coastal exclaves as a special type of enclave territories of the world. They are understood as territories separated from the territory of the mother country by a foreign state (states) but having access to the sea. A complete list of coastal exclaves in the world as well as their main comparative characteristics is given. Coastal exclaves are compared to other ones in Russian typologies of enclave regions. The author has classified coastal exclaves according to several parameters...

Research works aimed at assessing the interaction in the host-parasite system, pay attention to the products of the vital activity of the parasite. Hemozoin is one of the most promising metabolites that can be used for new methods of parasite diagnostics and treatment. It is known that hemozoin is produced by parasites causing schistosomiasis and malaria. Recent research has shown that hemozoin is produced by the hepatic trematode Opisthorchis felineus, but the effects associated with the presence...

The article focuses on the urgent issues of the labour resourses repeoduction in the Kaliningrad region as a result of interregional and international labor migration for the last years. Reducing the number of own labor resources in changing external and internal conditions for the regional socioeconomic system determines the urgency of migration monitoring and analysis. The aim of the study is to analyze the position of the Kaliningrad region in the labor migration within the transforming geopolitical...

The factors and features of localization of large business interests in 14 European coastal regions of Russia are analyzed. It is shown that the interest of large business in the coastal zones is commonly associated with the concentration of large oil and gas fields (on the shelf and in the coastal zone), with the logistics tasks (export-import operations), and (to a lesser extent, mainly Black Sea coast) with the implementation of certain recreational projects. Localization of large business (its...

The method of ground shores monitoring includes a set of activities on local sites with reference to a network of reference benchmarks. The greatest amount of information is given by the data of the transverse shore leveling. The combination of a number of different profiles allows one to obtain speed and direction quantitative characteristics of the coastal processes at a particular morphodynamic site over a specific time interval. It is important to have a reasonable choice of a marker, i. e. an...

The article cartographically visualizes spatial typologies of the municipal districts of the North-Eastern Caucasus according to the degree of soil erosion as a result of water and wind erosion, salinization and dehumification. Water erosion is most actively manifested in foothill and mountainous areas on steep landslide slopes with high plowing. Wind erosion of the soil cover is most visible in the northern regions of Chechnya and Dagestan within the Tersko- Kum semi-desert and partly in the Tersko-Sulak...

The article examines the ecology of benthic foraminifera species of Alabaminella weddellensis and Epistominella exigua based on published works. Micropaleontological and statistical data of three long sediment cores taken from the southwestern part of the South Atlantic and one core obtained in the northwestern Pacific were used to study the characteristic of the species distribution in the sediments during last 300 thousand years. These areas belong to the oligotrophic ecosystems of the open ocean...

Histology is the morphological discipline of the basic curriculum, the teaching of this discipline requires careful planning. During lessons students learn to practically apply the received knowledge, and also to classify a particular structure by characteristic details. Perceiving and memorizing information is not enough for full comprehension and reproduction. This can be assisted by schematic sketches both in training, and when testing knowledge. 1. Гистология: схемы, таблицы и ситуационные задачи...

The article focuses on the studies of changes in fetal behavior and general fetal movements which were carried out through the method of H. Prechtl with the help of the Kurjak Antenatal Neurobehavioral Test (KANET). The research evaluated the functional state of the central nervous system of fetuses with different pathologies. The authors describe a number of assessments including the intrauterine development of the central nervous system of fetuses during normal gestation; the intrauterine development...

This article suggests developing a two-tier cooperating system character-ised by scientific novelty. This system brings together lessors and lessee and makes it possible to systemise the process of fulfilling ship delivery orders, en-sure legal protection of lessees, and improve control over prompt payment. This system can also be used in concluding finance lease agreements in order to attract financial resources to building a fishing fleet О лизинге : федеральный закон от 29.01.2002 № 10-ФЗ....

... is devoted to the modeling of R&D behavior patterns of industrial enterprises in the conditions of perceived risks. Unambiguously negative influence is caused by institutional risks only, while the influence of other risk factors is more complex in character. 1. Cohen M., Jaffray J.-Y., Said T. Experimental Comparison of Individual Behavior under Risk and under Uncertainty for Gains and for Losses // Organizational behavior and human decision processes. 1987. Vol. 39. P. l—22. 2. Bauer M. Theory ...

This article considers the features of heavy metal accumulation in individual plants of the true grasses and spurge families in two industrial areas in the city of Gomel and outside the city. The author analyses the heavy metal accumulation in the aquatic vegetation in the city’s waterways. It is shown that, in industrial areas, the Gramineae are charactersied by higher cadmium, barium, nickel, and molybdenum concentrations and the Euphorbiaceae by those of chromium. Aquatic plants show higher levels...

The article studies changes in migration relations between the Kaliningrad region and other regions of Russia and the former Soviet republics in 1990s and 2000s. Migratory flows intensity was assessed on the methodology of calculation of interregional migration intensity ratio (KIMS). The study analyzes the information on the annual arrivals and departures in the Kaliningrad region since 1992 provided by the Kaliningrad regional statistics office. Mapping of migration areas dynamics in the Kaliningrad...

Samples of epiphytic lichens Hypogymnia physodes were selected in the forests of the Kaliningrad region. Content of Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Ag, Sr, Rb in the lichen thallus was determined by atomic absorption and X-ray fluorescence analysis. The chemical analysis of elements resulted in the maps of spatial patterns of metals distribution. It is proposed to use the data as a "reference point" for monitoring air pollution research in the Kaliningrad region. 1. Kauppi M., Mikkonen A. Floristic...

Over the past 30 years, ultrasound examination during pregnancy revealed a surprising variety of fetus movements. It has been proven that the fetal activity begins at the end of the embryo period, week 7—9 of gestation. The analysis of the movemental patterns of the fetus has led to the hypothesis that these patterns directly reflect the development and maturation of the central nervous system. The 2D-4D ultrasound makes it possible to identify measurable parameters for assessing the neurological...

This paper presents data on the biogeochemical activity of 9 exotic gym-nosperm species in a model urban ecosystem with a high level of anthropo-genic pollution (Russia’s Non-Black Earth zone). The author examines data on the biogeochemical activity of Thuja occidentalis, Juníperus sabína, and Picea pungens in the conditions of polymetallic contamination of air and soils in the area affected by iron and steel plants. It is shown that most Gym-nospermae species accumulate such macroelements as K,...

The author analyses the problem of suicide. The article contains a statistical analysis of 349 cases of suicide committed by the inhabitants of the city of Kaliningrad in 2013—2015. The author examines the age and sex of the victims, seasonal characteristics of suicides, their distribution by day of the week and day of the month, the scene of suicides, alcohol intoxication and its degree. 1. Иванова А. Е., Сабгайда Т. П., Семенова В. Г. и др. Смертность российских подростков от самоубийств. М.,...

This articles examines the ability of wild mushrooms to accumulate heavy metals. The concentration of Ag, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb in the fruit-ing bodies of forest mushrooms was determined using AAS techniques. It is established that certain mushroom species accumulate cadmium and silver, whereas the most pronounced ability is found in Boletus edulis. The correla-tion between the concentration of metals in the upper soil layer and fruiting bodies is questionable, however, areas in the vicinity...

The level of economic activities in the coastal zone of the Sambia Peninsula once again necessitates a comprehensive study of its coastal zone transformation. This problem, alongside those of relief formation in the coastal and nearshore zones, has been addressed by several generations of German, Soviet, and Russian researchers. This article provides a historical analysis of relevant research works from the early 19th century to the present. A unique observation database has been created over 150...

This article examines the effect of prednisolone – an analogue of the ver-tebrate hormone hydrocortisone – on the activity of somatic growth, blood sys-tem function, fecundity, and reproductive rate in Daphnia Straus (1826) (Cladocera, Crustacea) in three consecutive generations. This hormone had a proven effect on the studied morpho-functional characteristics of Daphnia. It indicates that the test object is sensitive to exogenous hormones, therefore, Daphina can be used in assessing endocrine disorders...

The article considers the epidemiological situation of tuberculosis in the Kaliningrad region for the period 2008—2015. The author analyzes annual reports for the last eight years. Main tendencies in the TB dynamics show a decrease in TB mortality and prevalence. Alongside with this, the number of patients having multi-drug resistance and recurrent patients having bacterial excretion have been increasing. The assessment of the endemic stage was done using a diagnostic algorithm proposed by I. M....

A study into the condition of Talitrus saltator Montagu, 1808 groups on the coast of the Vistula and the Curonian Spits in April — October 2011 showed significant differences in the seasonal dynamics of key parameters characterizing these groups. On the Curonian Spit, an increase in the average and total abundance and biomass of Talitridae is ensures through a normal life cycle. On the Vistula Spit, the preservation of a relatively stable average and total abundance and biomass is explained by an...

This article examines the history of the introduction of wood plants from the Irano-Turanian introduction center in the Kaliningrad region. A typological analysis of the introduced species is carried out. The biomorphological and ecotypical structure, as well as the seasonal changes characteristic of these plants, are identified. The authors analyze the acclimatization and perspectives of further introduction of species from the Irano-Turanian center in the Kaliningrad region. 1. Берг Р. Л. Стандартизирующий...

New records of six Aspicilia s. l. species (Megasporaceae, lichenized Ascomycetes): Aspicilia aquatica (Fr.) Körb., Aspicilia dudinensis (H. Magn.) Oxner, Aspicilia intermutans (Nyl.) Arnold, Aspicilia verrucigera Hue, Sagedia zonata Ach. and Circinaria esculenta (Pall.) Sohrabi in the Urals are presented. The diagnostic features and ecological characteristics of the species are discussed. 1. Определитель лишайников СССР. Вып. 1 / под ред. И. И. Абрамова, М. Ф. Макаревич. Л., 1971. 2. Paukov A...

On the basis of 1948—2011 materials, this article characterises the zooplankton of three large lakes of similar age and origin found at different trophic stages and in different landscapes of the Pskov region. It is shown that the structural features of the organization and direction of succession of zooplankton communities are directly dependent on the landscape and genesis of the lake basin and, in their turn, can be used as an indicator of the successional stage of the aquatic ecosystem. 1. Абросов...

A biochemical assay of blood lipids in military personnel and reservists was conducted. The influence of seasonal changes (spring, autumn) on the lipid compounds of blood serum was analyzed. A dependence between the total cholesterol level, the content of low-density (LDL) and high-density lipoproteins (HDL, and triglycerides and age and gender was identified. 1. Буганов А. А., Агбалян А. А., Ионова Н. Е. Влияние фактора питания на состояние здоровья населения // Медицина труда и промышленной экологии...

This article focuses on the history of some rare species in the Kaliningrad region. The authors provide information on new locations of the species’ occurrence in the Kaliningrad region. The article contains a schematic map of new discoveries of rare and extinct species in the Kaliningrad region. A geobotanical analysis of the mentioned biotopes is conducted. The authors present preliminary qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the cenopopulations of these species. 1. Красная книга Калининградской...

This article examines seasonal and interannual changes in the parameters of mesoscale water dynamics in the upper 200 m layer of the ocean due to the biomass and biological resources distribution, as well as the specific dynamics of the atmospheric processes. The authors identify the scope and mechanisms of the impact of oceanological conditions on the biomass and distribution of commercial horse mackerel concentrations in the southern part of the Pacific Ocean and the Antarctic krill in the Antarctic...

This article focuses on the similarity and differences between the morphometric characteristics of subfossil shells of bivalve molluscs found in the wrack zone of the Kaliningrad beaches of the Baltic Sea. It is established that the most stable feature of the species level is the number of radial ribs and the most volatile one is the ω coefficient describing the content of calcium in the environment of the Cardiidae. 1. Бирштейн Я. А. Годовые изменения бентоса Северного Каспия // Зоологический журнал...

This article examines the history of formation of fieldfare population in Kaliningrad and describes its current condition. The fieldfare population density during the 2010—2013 nesting period was 0—1.5 breeding pairs/10 hecares in urban forests, 1.1—3.7 b. p./10 ha in city parks, and; 0—1 b. p./10 ha in city streets. The dynamics of nesting density in peripheral abandoned parks is characterized by a clear negative trend, whereas, in cultivated city parks, nesting density has significantly increased...

We studied the features of altricial trophism in the barred warbler and red-backed shrike in 2004—2013. The collection of data on the nutrition of altricial chicks was carried out in the Ryazan region both in natural (Spas-Klepiki district) and in manmade (Ryazan outskirts) habitats. A comparative analysis of the data showed that both species are characterized by considerable dietary plasticity. In each station, the species composition of prey and the mass concentration of trophic groups differed...

This article presents an evaluation of the antioxidant status of plants with the use of the GDV-method under the toxic effect of cadmium. A high concentration of Сd in the soil is proven to stimulate the accumulation of anthocyans, carotenoids, and acorbic acid and to contribute to a reduction in the concentration of water-soluble antioxidants in the leaves of the plants under consideration. It is shown that GDV-entropy can be used as a principal characteristic of the state of a vegetative organism...

This paper focuses on the trends of a comparative analysis of statistical parameters of physical development of rural and urban school children in the Nizhniy Novgorod region. The results indicate that, against the background of the persistence of basic characteristics of growth processes in children and adolescents of the Nizhniy Novgorod region, both favourable (total body parameters of rural girls are close to those of urban ones, the high value of VC in rural children, increased carpal dynamometry...

This article considers the hydrogeological parameters of the karstosphere and emphasises its unstable regime in the transit areas. Deep karst water zones and their catchment areas are more stable, in discharge areas they are characterised as weakly thermal. The sulphate karst is the site of formation of sulphate-calcium water with mineralisation of ≥ 3.5 g/l. Sulphate-sodium and soda subtype water with mineralisation of 0.3÷0.5 g/l forms in the areas of development of younger sediments. The hydrochemical...

This article investigates the state of chironomid communities in Lake Penkovoe, Pond Isakovsky, Pond Shkolny, and the Karasevka pond system in Kaliningrad in spring 2011. The authors provide new data on the species composition, abundance, and biomass of chironomidae. The Shannon, Simpson, Balushkin, and Margalef indices were calculated for the chironomid communities. The authors identified the dominant species in the communities of chironomids and evaluated the quality of water in the studied water...

This article offers an analysis of a series of maximum values of annual levels in 1950-2009 and historical maximums of storm onsets in Kaliningrad. The authors calculated the linear trend equation and identified the duration of onset cycles. The article offers a forecast for 2016. 1. Любимова О. Е., Иванов С. Н., Бережный Б. Д. Анализ динамики уровня в устьевой зоне р. Преголи у г. Калининграда // Проблемы управления социально-экономическими процессами регионов : матер. VI междунар. науч.-практ...

The results of the author’s studies of Kaliningrad soil help characterize its buffer capacity to alkalization and identify the main reasons for the differences between the obtained and background values. The author proposes a set of methods to increase the buffering capacity of soils. 1. Алексеенко В. А. Введение в экологическую геохимию. Краснодар, 1997. 2. Гантимуров И. И. Почвоведение // Общее почвоведение. Новосибирск,1975. С. 60—81. 3. Геннадиев А. Н. Почвы и время: модели развития. М...

This article offers an ecological analysis of natural ecosystems used in the monitoring of the microflora of soil lands. The authors characterize the soilvegetation cover of the ecosystems of the Kaliningrad Peninsula. The difference in the species composition of phytocenoses and their environmental conditions is identified. 1. Дедков В. П., Куркина М. В., Лукина А. И. и др. Новые данные о микро-флоре почв Калининграда // Проблемы озеленения крупных городов : матер. XII Междунар. науч.-практич....

This article analyses the environmental features of the dominant species of upland meadow plants. The authors identify their relation to a certain fraction of ecological valence according to ten ecological factors as well as the index of the plants’ tolerance to soil and climatic factors. 1. Жукова Л. А. Методология и методика определения экологической валентности, стеноэврибионтности видов растений // Методы популяционной биологии : матер. Всероссийского популяционного семинара (Сыктыв- кар, 16—21...

This article focuses on the numerical concentration of certain groups of microorganisms in the brown forest soils of natural and urbanised ecosystems of the Kaliningrad Peninsula. An analysis of the microflora was performed in spring, summer, and autumn 2012. This paper presents the average annual data for each key area. It is shown that human-altered ecosystems are characterized by a higher than natural concentration of ammonifying microorganisms and actinomycetes. The numerical concentration of...

This article analyses the content of phenolic antioxidants and ascorbic acid in medicinal plants of 66 species from 31 families. The study identified palnt species with a maximum content of biologically active compounds (phenolic antioxidants and ascorbic acid) and high antioxidant activity. These plants can be used as a basis for the creation of innovative functional food products that have high antioxidant activity. 1. Miliauskas G., Venskutonis P. R., Beek T. A. Screening of radical scavenging...

A study into the content water-soluble antioxidants, ceruloplasmin and iron (III) in the blood serum in patients with alcohol abuse showed significant changes to the antioxidant system: an increase in the content of antioxidants and ceruloplasmin decreased and a decrease in that of iron (III). The authors focus on the gender-related differences: men exhibit greater changes in the content of antioxidants, whereas women in that of ceruloplasmin and iron (III). 1. Halliwell B. Biochemistry of oxidative...