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The geography of modern innovation processes increasingly covers not only megalopolises and large industrial cities, but also rural areas. The issue of innovative development of the countryside has acquired particular prominence in the context of securing human capital and preventing the marginalization of rural settlements, though creating a favorable environment for life and business in particular. At the initial stage, the innovation of rural areas is associated with the diffusion and implementation...

The article is devoted to the analysis of the behaviour of bidders in the global gold market affected by short-term and medium-term geopolitical dis­turbances. The direction, volume, speed and time range of investments in gold are determined depending on the nature of geopolitical threats. Based on non-economic factors, the author reveals the main patterns of making trivial and non-trivial decisions on investing in gold. The first part of the article de­scribes the influence of geopolitical processes...

The research focuses on the poorly studied process of a social system passing through a bifurcation point: birth and progress of a crisis — social collapse resulting in the disintegration of the society — recuperation via integration of a part of the disintegrated social structure into a new one. A fine example of such a process is given by the admission of a part of Rzeczpospolita (Grand Duchy of Lithuania lands) into the Russian Empire. Those events had a major impact on the ensuing historical...

The author justifies a conceptual provision that social capital can be com­posed of not only positive but also negative elements. Most researchers, in­cluding economists, sociologists, and psychologists stress the importance of the formation and development of human capital in modern society. However, they focus on the positive content and application. Without rejecting this ap­proach, the author proposes to proceed from the assumption that the inclina­tion and abilities, education, will, value preferences...

The article discusses some problems related to the legal personality of artificial intelligence. The concept of artificial intelligence and its legally significant features, the ratio of artificial intelligence and robot are investigated. The purpose of the study is to analyze the main models of granting legal personality to artificial intelligence. The following research methods are used: comparative, analytical and historical. Results: The first model denies the possibility of granting artificial...

There is an increasing need for the assessment of urban development rates in the world. In modern Russia, this need is reaffirmed by the transfor­mation of regional economies, the economic acceleration of many major cities, and by the active introduction of strategic management tools (KPI, etc.). The article anal­yses the current indexes and rankings of urban development. The author ex­plored the main methodological ...

Preparation for the World War I at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries challenged various national financial systems. The German Empire faced this challenge, so its finances bad to be regularly strengthened in order to cover all the mass military needs. After O. v. Bismarck’s resignation, the positions of the chancellor were held by politicians who did not have any background in economics and finance: L. v. Caprivi, H. Hohenlohe-Schillingsfuerst. The problem was passed then to new Head of the German...

During the period of implementation of the policy of import substitution in Russia, the level of production of basic agricultural products is gradually approaching the rational rate of their consumption. The biggest gap in provid­ing the population with basic food remains in the production of milk. Only 71.0 % of the recommended norm of dairy produce is consumed. At the same time, in 2017, the level of self-sufficiency of Russia with this type of food was 84.0 % (against 90.0 % indicated in the Doctrine)...

Prejudice is one of the most problematic procedural institutions. It substantiates the inviolability of the facts established by a judicial act that has entered into legal force. At the same time, the issue of the intersectoral nature of prejudice is relatively new for domestic science and requires close research, taking into account the specifics of various branches of legal proceedings. This issue is of particular importance in criminal proceedings, where the verdict can be based on the conclusions...

The author analyses the reception of works and academic ideas of a re­nowned Soviet historian Boris Porshnev (1905—1972) in foreign historiog­raphy. The research shows that the historian failed to repeat the success of his monograph (1948) on popular uprisings in France before the Fronde, which was well received abroad and provoked long-standing dispute among the his­torians. Other works of Porshnev evoked a much more moderate reaction from foreign colleagues. The paper outlines the main objections...

The development of the Kaliningrad region, Russian exclave in the Baltic, is significantly influenced by foreign policy factors. The deterioration of rela­tions between Russia and the West has led to a reduction in the region's eco­nomic ties with the neighbouring Baltic States. The coastal position of the re­gion has enabled the development of foreign trade relations with East Asian and Latin American States. Diversification of ties and federal support ensured sufficiently dynamic regional development...

The book review analyses the institutional project research methodology. The proposed methodology is based on the use of systemic analysis and deci­sion-making theory. A modern approach to the study of an institutional pro­ject and an invest­ment project as complex systems under uncertainty condi­tions has been used. Their comprehensive assessment is considered in many aspects: political, economic, social, military-strategic and generalizing institu­tional. 1. Итоговый доклад о результатах работы...

Studying the features of research by political science into internal migra­tion requires a reassessment of theoretical ideas about the essence of this social phenomenon, which are offered by other paradigms. This way, it becomes pos­sible to consider internal migration as a significant social determinant. In an­alysing theoretical and methodological approaches, I determine the scope of their applicability in political science. I conclude that the features of research into internal migration depend...

The article focuses on the issue of cultural organizations performance measurement. The author explains the benefits of applying a non-parametric “Data Envelopment Analysis” that is based on comparison of input and output indicators, to performance measurement of cultural organizations. Using statistical data on Russian federal theatres, the author empirically tests their performance that relates to such aspects as organization’s reputation, artistic excellence, maximization of access to cultural...

The resort tax is supposed to become a development instrument for the tourist infrastructure. The main idea of the article is to prove that this assumption doesn’t agree either with the experiences of foreign countries or the Russian actual situation. The idea is implemented through the analysis of legislative base of the resort tax implementation, indicators of budgetary performance of tourist taxes abroad as well as the analysis of the current situation and forthcoming changes on the Russian touristic...

The author analyzes the specifics of voting in the Kaliningrad region from 1991 to 2018. The region is identified as a unique object, the example of which reveals the influence of the exclave factor on electoral specifics. The results of federal elections are viewed as a reaction of voters to socio-economic changes caused by exclave status, as well as to the policy of the federal center in relation to the region. Using calculations of coefficient of loyalty of voting for election participants, the...

The article develops an ‘ideal city’ theme and focuses on the relationships of its statics and dynamics in a mobile local-global context. The author offers the defini­tions of these two notions under historical and modern conditions, and determines the specificity of the ‘ideal city’ as a complex socio-biotechnical system both dependent on the scale of it (local, na­tional, global) and its posi­tion within the dynamic global whole. Then, the ideal city notion is analyzed in two aspects: as a channel...

The author analyses the process of the formation of Lithuania’s territory during the Soviet period of its history. Facts and factors influencing decisions on the territorial issues of Lithuanian statehood are considered through the prism of relations between the Soviet republics and the central authorities of the USSR. The economic development of Soviet Lithuania was a decisive fac­tor in the republic’s territorial organization and management. By accepting the existing borders in the post-Soviet...

The article is devoted to forecasting the development of small and medium- size businesses (SMEs) in Russia. The authors offer an algorithm of the identification of development tendencies for small and medium-sized businesses using linear equations. The medium-term econometric model of economic forecasting is based on the application of a set of dominating factors, which were previously selected. The authors present a medium-term trend of SMEs turnover in modern Russian conditions. 1. Абдуллаев...

The aim of this research work is to analyze the results of the import substitution policy of an exclave territory. The objectives of this research include the analysis of the development of agriculture in the exclave region, the evaluation of the food security level, the assessment of import substitution and its influence on the development of agriculture. The subject of this study is the policy of import substitution of the Kaliningrad region. The object of this research is the agricultural sector...

This article describes a legislative framework for a new model of higher education institutions, oriented towards business and innovation. The author offers practical recommendations for the development of competitive socioentrepreneurial innovation-based universities. It is shown that the new generation university should be formed on the basis of the socio-entrepreneurial ideology. 1. Антонова А. Великобритания: новый Закон о компаниях. Основные новеллы, практика применения // GSL. URL: http://qps...

This article examines fundamental and applied approaches to energy security. The authors explore differences and similarities in the views of scientists and politicians on the issue and analyse energy security policies pursued in Poland and Russia (the Kaliningrad region). On this basis, the authors propose rational principles for solving the problem of energy security in the region. 1. Ергин Д. Добыча: Всемирная история борьбы за нефть, деньги и власть. М., 2011. 2. Косов Ю. В., Маллон В. Глобальная...

This article presents a case of developing a balanced performance scorecard for a Kaliningrad trading company. A general solution includes five stages: analysing economic performance, studying dependencies between performance indicators, building strategic map charts, identifying goals and planning relevant measures, and assessing the efficiency of such measures. 1. Каплан Р. С., Нортон Д. П. Сбалансированная система показателей. От стратегии к действию. М., 2005. 2. Внедрение сбалансированной системы...

This article studies the criminogenic circumstances associated with cor-ruption and those impeding effective fight against it. In view of the extreme social danger of corruption and the considerable economic, political, and moral damage to the society, this article formulates a number of proposals primarily relating to criminal law relevant at the current stage of social development. Григорьева Е. Следствием установлено // Российская газета. 2015. 27 февр. 2. Латухина К. Президент Владимир Путин...

This article is devoted to the innovative concept of managing modern industrial enterprises as economic systems, namely, integrated controlling. The author presents a methodological framework for the implementation of the integrated controlling theory. Possible uses of the mathematical apparatus in studying integrated controlling are shown. Static and dynamic characteristics of integrated controlling as a complex system are described. A mathematical model of such system is constructed. 1. Акимова...

This article examines large and small peasant families in the Novgorod province and considers their common and distinctive features. The effect of economic and mental factors on family life is analysed. It is concluded that transformations in family life facilitated an increase in self-awareness and individualism in the peasant family. 1. Быт великорусских крестьян-землепашцев. Описание материалов Этнографического бюро князя В. Н. Тенишева (на примере Владимирской губернии). СПб., 1993. 2. Государственный...

This article analyses human capital of young public and political figures in modern Russian society. Based on the methodology of resource approach and the methods of modern statistics, the author identifies three groups of young public and political figures: political leaders, political activists, and social activists, which makes it possible to demonstrate differentiation within this category. The results of an online survey of the participants of the Seliger-2013 national youth forum (N = 439)...

This article analyses possibilities for minimising energy threats to the economy of the Kaliningrad region — an isolated Russian exclave. The au-thors consider the key aspects of the region’s economic security, identify threats, and provide a critical assessment different solutions to this problems. The research is based on the data of Rosstat and international statistics (IEA), analytical materials, and publications on the problems of global and regional energy security. The articles suggests that...

The article stresses that, in the modern world, economic activities have a significant negative effect on environmental security. The human impact on the environment is a result of gross violations of environmental laws. The law enforcement measures introduced in the field of environmental pollution often prove to be ineffective. The complications associated with identifying environmental crimes and concrete offenders result in increasing latency of environmental crimes. There is a need to decrease...

This article stresses the need for the deoffshorisation of Russian economy and the creation of an integral system of legal regulation. The authors con-sider the urgent issues and elements of this process, analyse the “anti-offshore” legislation provisions, and suggest avenues for its further improve-ment. 1. О внесении изменений в части первую и вторую Федеральный Налогового кодекса Российской Федерации (в части налогообложения прибыли контролируемых иностранных компаний и доходов иностранных организаций)...

This article considers the mechanism of financing of political parties in the Republic of Latvia. The author analyses the participation of financial and economic groups in the country’s political life. Key business actors affecting the formation of Latvian political system are identified. It is concluded that, since regaining independence in 1991, business has been a principal source of financing for Latvian political parties. The scope of financing of political parties in the republic depends on...

This article analyses various aspects of public policy in the field of urban design in the 1950s/1960s. The achievements and difficulties in solving the housing problem in Kaliningrad are identified. The process of modernization of regional construction industry is analysed. The article identifies the general and specific features of construction and development of residential areas under Khrushchev and examines the influence of new social and economic policy and the restructuring of state construction...

This article justifies the use of economic dynamics principles in the process of modelling the existing system of household waste accumulation. The authors identify a number of factors relating to the tendency of various organisational manifestations to stable equilibrium of the process of accumulating household waste in containers. The model is based on the linear proportion of changes in parameters describing the quantity of household waste accumulated within one cycle.

... entrepreneur. A sequential analysis of the main factors of the small business deployment showed that taking into account all the factors contributes to the efficient functioning of small firms and better spatial organization of the national and regional economies. The authors define the concept of “location” necessary of the organization of a small enterprise and emphasize the psychological aspect of the object under consideration, namely, the moral and ethical constraints and moral values of entrepreneurs....

The paper focuses on Königsberg’s elites faced with fast changes in the 19th century. The city’s old merchant families were up against increasing competition from new actors – industrialists and bankers – trying to take advantage of the former. The author examines changes in the elites in the course of major economic, social, and political changes 1. Albinus R. Königsberger Lexikon. Würzburg, 2002. 2. Altpreußische Biographie / Hrsg. Ch. Krollmann. Königsberg; Marburg, 1939. T. 1. 3. Carrez M...

This article analysis the changes in the level of requirements for and the expected competencies of professional marketers in the age of digital communications. The article discusses the role and evaluates the contribution of mar-keting specialists to the economic and financial performance of companies and organisations. The author analyses the applied methods and indicators that used to assess the level of specialists' competencies in the area of marketing. 1. Дойль П. Маркетинг, ориентированный...

This article considers the features of urban restoration in East Prussia after World War I. In a difficult economic situation, the system of restoration works was clearly structured. In the interbellum, the public development policy for the province was formulated in accordance with the contemporary urban development requirements and was based on a combination of old and new architecture, the expansion of residential areas, and creation of a comfortable environment with the help of landscape gardening...

... exploratory case study analysis of contemporary marketing practices // Journal of Strategic Marketing. 2009. Vol. 17, № 2. P. 169—187. 15. Pels J., Brodie R. J., Johnston W. J. Benchmarking business-to-business practices in emerging and developed economies: Argentina compared to the USA and New Zealand // Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing. 2004. Vol. 19, № 6. P. 386—396. 16. Pels J., Brodie R. J. Profiling marketing practice in an emerging economy: the Argentine case // Journal ...

The development of the tourism industry in the Kaliningrad region is identified as one of the priority areas of economic development. The existing tourism and recreational potential, favorable climatic conditions, and a large number of cultural and historical sites should contribute to the effective development of the region. The cluster approach should become a catalyst for the development of tourism and hospitality industry, which makes it possible to employ a comprehensive approach to the territorial...

1.Bloech J., 2012, Editor (Coeditor) JoMaC — Journal of Management Control (Former “Zeitschrift fuer Planung & Unternehmenssteuerung”, “Journal of Planning”). 2.Blöch J., Bogaschewsky R., Buscher, Daub A., Götze U., 2008, Roland: Einfuehrung in die Produktion. 6. Edition, Springer, Heidelberg, 2008. 3.Götze U., Bloech J. Investitionsrechnung / 3. Edition. Heidelberg: Springer, 2002. 4.Götze U., Mikus B., Blöch J. (Editors). Management und Zeit. Heidelberg, 2000. 5.Блёх Ю., Гётце У. Инвестиционные...

This article considers the legal content of the concept of "leaving the community" though analyzing the legal nature of the farmstead and district land tenure formed through placing land in personal ownership, individual allotments, and complete division of rural lands into farmsteads and isolated land plots. It is shown that the reform legislation did not suggest legal discrimination of the community, which retained its administrative, economic, and land-related functions. 1. Вронский...

This article considers the issues of trust in banks in terms of the rationality of clients’ behavior and behavioural economy. The author’s empirical study of 370 owners of small and microfirms located in the Warmian-Masurian voivodeship suggests that approximately 69 % of the respondents prefer the services of Polish banks (or those dominated by Polish capital) and 10.1 % prefer banks with foreign capital. The rest of the respondents (20.9 %) have no particular opinion on the subject. 1. Akerlof...

... 1937. 11. Маркс К. Капитал. 1984. Т. 2. 12. Knight F. Risk, Uncertainty and Profit. Boston; N. Y., 1921. 13. Olfert K. von. Finanzierung. Herne, 1974. 14. Pigou A. C. The Economics of Welfare. L., 1920. 15. Pareto V. Cours d’Economie Politique. Geneva, 1896. 16. Соколов М. И. Как амортизационную политику сделать агрессивной //Экономика и жизнь. 2010. № 48 (9364). 17. Wöhe Vahlens, Handbücher Einführung ...

This article addresses the issues of rational resource management as the priority areas of modern Russian public policy. The study focuses on vital resources and the identification and optimization of losses associated with such resources. The authors propose a system of indicators for assessing loss management designed to facilitate the solution of problems of increasing resource utilization efficiency. 1. Об электроэнергетике [Электронный ресурс] : федеральный закон от 26.03.2003 № 35-ФЗ : ред...

This article suggests forecasting socioeconomic and marketing processes in the Russian market conditions of a transitional period with the help of cluster modelling, which would significantly increase the objectivity of assessing the identified processes and the impact of research. 1. Воробьев Д. Н. Регулирование асимметрии социально-экономического развития муниципальных образований региона : автреф. дис. … канд. экон. наук.Пермь, 2005. 2. Макаров В. Л. Социальный кластеризм. Российский вызов...

This article classifies the concept of "business efficiency", which have been used by economic scholars for a long time. The innovative component of this work lies in the authors’ definition of media business efficiency alongside the identification of the primary goal of media company management in today’s Russia. The article offers a classification of methods of identifying different types of efficiency of media structures. 1. Бабань Ю. А. Совершенствование бизнес-процессов в современной...

This article explores the possibility of using the methods of public-private partnership (PPP) in integration processes, including those at a regional level.The author offers a typology of PPP projects and models of cooperation between business and authorities with regard to integration. The article describes specific practices of implementing PPP projects within foreign economic activity and attraction of foreign investors. The author formulates the priority tasks of developing interaction between...

This article examines foreign trade activities between the cooperating regions of the Union State of Russia and Belarus determined by the bilateral convergence of national economies for solving common economic problems and developing regional economies. The author identifies the degree of present cooperation, explores possible future scenarios, and emphasizes the key aspects of interaction between the regions. 1. Бильчак ...

This article considers the aspects of programming evolution and the features and prospects of applying this tool in the modern economic conditions. The author makes suggestion regarding the improvement of national research management. 1. О федеральной целевой программе «Научные и научно-педагогические кадры инновационной России» на 2009—2013 годы : постановление Правительства Российской Федерации от 28 июля 2008 г. № 568. Доступ из справ.-правовой системы «Гарант». 2. О федеральной...

This paper addresses a number of pressing problems of the creation of a favorable investment climate in Russia as a major factor of modernization and justifies the need to improve the investment legislation. The investment potential of Russia is ensured through a high level of demand of the producing sector for capital and the existing prerequisites for its implementation. Another way to improve the state economic policy is to ensure smooth functioning of the market infrastructure and the development...