Philology, pedagogy, and psychology

The article is dedicated to identifying factors that determine the documental specificity of an initiative. An initiative is characterized as a document aimed at engaging the addressee in solving a socially significant issue and convincing them of the necessity of societal changes.

The analysis of the text is conducted using a genre-based approach and the parameteriza­tion methodology based on the concept of a "genre model," allowing for a comprehensive de­scription that takes into account parameters determined by both linguistic and extralinguistic factors. The specificity of the analysis model concerning documental text is noted, along with the multivector and multilevel nature of relationships among its parameters, such as "com­mu­nication subjects" ("sender" and "receiver"), "function," "information," "modality," "struc­ture," "space," and "time."

Three levels of hierarchy of parameters are distinguished, determining their significance as genre-forming elements. It is established that the features of first-level parameters, such as the collectivity of the sender and the dual nature of the receiver, the unity of initiative func­tions in informing and influencing, determine the specificity of second-level parameters — the heterogeneous modality and unregulated structure of the text; third-level parameters — "space" and "time" — are expressed by individual attributes and are not significant for this type of document.

The means of speech representation of the main genre-forming parameters, such as "communication subjects" ("sender" and "receiver"), "function," "information," "modali­ty," and "structure," are characterized.

The features of toponymy in the Smolensk-Belarusian borderland are examined based on microtoponyms and unofficial toponyms in the Rudnya district of the Smolensk region. The material obtained through a survey of local residents is analyzed from various perspectives using selected classifications (based on nomination objects, lexical-semantic classes, structu­ral and word-formation types). Names with dialectical foundations are singled out separately. Emphasis is placed on the role of unofficial names for geographical objects in the speech of the region's residents. Common Russian traits and specific characteristics of borderland topony­my are identified.

The article examines the features of representing the confrontational speech strategy of discreditation, used in everyday communication, particularly in marital discourse. The goal of the research is to identify the speech tactics employed in domestic communication between spouses for the purpose of discrediting and weakening the communicative position of the communication partner. To achieve the research goal, descriptive method, method of compo­nent analysis, observation and interpretation method, intent analysis, and discourse analysis were applied. Linguistic indicators expressing the confrontational speech strategy were stud­ied at all levels of the language system — semantic, lexical, lexico-grammatical, syntactic, as well as at the pragmatic one, taking into account the communication situation. Dialogues between spouse characters in the poem "Dialogue at the Television" by V. S. Vysotsky served as material for observation, representing a vivid example of role lyrics.

The research established that the discreditation strategy is implemented through speech tactics of threat, accusation, reproach, request, appeals to authority, and appeals to precedent. The analysis resulted in the identification of typical linguistic indicators that shape specific confrontational speech tactics.

The author identifies the features of ironic narration in general and the narrative of a lit­erary work in particular. The main characteristics of irony as an independent textual catego­ry, encompassing hidden authorial evaluation, have been established. Based on the analysis of N. V. Gogol's works, it is concluded that the ironic narrative of the writer is built on mecha­nisms that generate contradiction in various contexts. Gogol's irony serves as an indicator of the author's transition from the direct presentation of events to their evaluation and is mani­fested through a range of lexical, syntactic, phraseological, and textual devices, which act as markers of semantic dissonance in the content of one or several passages.

The universally recognized position in both Russian and global Chekhov studies is that the artistic detail, as a linguistic-poetic device, micro-image, a means of conveying factu­al/con­ceptual/subtextual information, is a particularly significant feature of Chekhov's idio­lect. The aim of this article is to identify and describe the linguistic-poetic techniques of intro­ducing details into the text, their actualization or elimination, the evolution of meanings, and the functions of illustrative details. The analysis is conducted on the material of Chekhov's story "The Teacher of Literature." The main focus of the study is the linguistics of creating an ensemble of external and psychological details, symbolic details, and transposing details in each of the two narrative blocks of the story. Special attention is given to the analysis of the formation and functioning of transposing details, i. e., details in their contextually condi­tioned semantic and functional evolution. The application of a comprehensive research meth­odology, combining functional-semantic, contextual, and interpretational types of analysis, allows for the conclusion about the dominant role of diverse artistic details in shaping and explicating the content-conceptual information of Chekhov's story "The Teacher of Litera­ture."

The article examines the features of the functioning of realia words in the text of Salman Rushdie's novel "Midnight’s Children." The delimitation of the term "realia words" is car­ried out in its comparison with the concept of "realia." The language specificity of the novel is noted, which consists of intentionally incorporating exotic vocabulary into the text without corresponding authorial commentary, the meaning of which can be understood by a non-native reader only within a specific context. Lexico-semantic groups of realia words are high­lighted, contributing to the creation of national-cultural color and referentially related to local objects and popular dishes of Indian national cuisine. The artistic pragmatics of realia words in the novel "Midnight’s Children" is characterized. The role of toponyms is characterized by their involvement in structuring the local coordinates of the textual continuum. It has been demonstrated that the nominations of national dishes used by the author serve to intensify the development of plotlines in artistic narrative. The realia words of this group function in the novel as means of creating social color, markers of significant events in the characters' lives, indicators of the characters' emotional states, explicators of the retrospective mental-cognitive activities of the subjective narrator, and also serve as the organizing link in the circular composition of the novel.

The authors have conducted a comparative analysis of the novels by Olga Tokarczuk, "The Journey of the People of the Book" and "The Books of Jacob,", where the conceptual role is played by motifs of travel and books, and the theme of religious-mystical societies of the 17th-18th centuries becomes significant. The genre specificity of the two texts, features of their narrative structure, and character systems are considered. It is asserted that the two analyzed books share a logocentric and book-centric worldview, the meaning of which lies in the belief in the ability of humans to influence reality through words and books. In connection with the dialectic of word and deed, Faustian motifs of both texts are revealed. In "The Jour­ney of the People of the Book" and "The Books of Jacob," there is also an important opposition of feminine and masculine in the ideological-artistic structure of the novels. Connected with this is the polocentric aspect of "The Books of Jacob," where the issues of Polish messianism are raised, and the archetype of the Virgin, acquiring national color through a uniquely inter­preted myth of the Black Madonna of Częstochowa, finds expression. In connection with the cult of the Virgin, the issue of the influence on Tokarczuk's artistic imagination of Jung's idea of quaternity as an archetypal numerical expression of the absolute is also noted.

The author examines the main aspects of the modern university activity related to the transformation of the educational system and current socio-cultural conditions of society. Possible strategies for organizing the educational process in a modern Russian university were formulated based on the integration of existing developments in higher education man­agement. These strategies create conditions for responding to the educational needs of young people, taking into account the value orientations of the youth community. The proposed solu­tions are based on the principles of interdisciplinarity, integration of science and education, flexibility, and adaptability. A model for designing and developing educational programs in the context of higher education transformation is described.

The results of a scientific study are presented, with participants being students enrolled in the Bachelor's program in "State and Municipal Management," whose future professional activities are closely related to interpersonal relationships in professional communication. The experimental base for the study was provided by the Western Branch of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federa­tion (RANEPA). The students' inclination toward manipulation was assessed using T. Bant's scale. The research showed that the inclination to use manipulative techniques and methods in the process of project-based learning at the university negatively affects the overall results of project activities of individual creative groups.

The need for integration and digitization in the field of mathematical education for bache­lor students in pedagogical disciplines is being actualized during the transition from the SPOD (Stable, Predictable, Orderly, and Democratic) world to the VUCA (Volatile, Uncer­tain, Complex, and Ambiguous) world. The directions for modernization and integration in the teaching of modules and disciplines in the mathematical and information cycles under the conditions of digitization of mathematical education are presented. These directions open up new possibilities in the preparation of future mathematics teachers who are in demand in the labor market. The authors attempted to analyze the potential of disciplines in the mathemati­cal and information cycles in the context of interdisciplinary integration in the field of math­ematical education. Three directions for modernizing the teaching of the fundamentals of queueing theory are proposed (target aspect, organizational processes, substantive aspect of knowledge transfer), which include updating the goals of mathematical education for bachelor students in pedagogical disciplines, creating organizational infrastructure to ensure digitiza­tion and informatization of mathematical education, and updating its substantive aspect with algorithms for solving problems using tools of general and special-purpose software. The in­ternational experience of teaching queueing theory is presented, including the introduction of VR technologies, web quests into the educational process, as well as the use of software prod­ucts such as AnyLogic, Wolfram Alpha, and others.

The article discusses expanding the research base in the field of educational psychology through the analysis of methodological issues that arose during the process of systemic digiti­zation of general and professional education in Russia during the COVID-19 pandemic and the post-pandemic period. Digitization during these periods accelerated the transformation of socialization through educational means in a virtual learning environment. The fundamental problem of digital transformation in education is that the digital format of education in its modern distance form contradicts the contemporary humanistic paradigm of education, char­acterized by the priority of subject-subject relationships, ideas of inclusion, and interests in socialization in the process of learning and upbringing. Prospects for further research lie in studying the transformation of modern educational methodology in the context of digitiza­tion, creating relevant psychological foundations for virtual pedagogical communication to develop social-emotional skills and emotional intelligence.