Research methodology and geoecological assessment of watersheds of small water currents of polder lands in the Kaliningrad region
- Pages
- 46-65
Abstract
Chemical pollution of watercourses can be considered as one of the integral indicators of the geoecological state of the catchment area. Such an indicator is most likely to be taken into account in the two-way interaction of a person with watercourses, both for a water user and a negative impact on them, since in both cases, water quality very often comes high in priority. Thanks to the analysis of data on pollution, it is possible to find out its sources, both anthropogenic and natural, the dominant pollutants, together with their intensity and dynamics, the need for treatment and environmental protection measures and their nature, and more. Hydrochemical indicators, the background of water pollution assessment, can be roughly divided into 2 groups: qualitative (concentration of chemicals) and quantitative (mass of chemicals). If the concentrations of certain chemicals can be obtained in laboratory conditions, using the methods described in the regulatory documents adopted in the territory of the Russian Federation, then obtaining their mass indicators, for a certain period of time, is not a trivial task. The main methods for calculating this characteristic indicate the need for a diverse and capacious information base, which is almost completely absent for the polder lands of the region. The aim of the work is to develop a methodological approach for obtaining a geoecological indicator represented by a quantitative indicator of polluting chemicals in water, leveling the information deficit, by means of a coupled analysis of available, but very limited hydrological, hydrochemical and geoecological data. To achieve the goal, hydrological calculations, full-scale and retrospective hydro-chemical researches were carried out, geoecological characteristics were analyzed. The work resulted in creating methodological support for obtaining an additional indicator for the assessment of the geoecological state of the basins of small streams of polder lands in the Kaliningrad region.