The humanities and social science

The problem if interaction between the international financial law (IFL) and the EU law has become particularly vital in this integrational entity where a special legal system was created. It has been developing until now and carries the features of the both international and municipal law. Global financial crisis and subsequent sovereign debt crisis have substantially changed global financial architecture and led to a comprehensive reform of the financial branch in the EU. The author implementing systematic analysis and formal legal method as well as functional and structural analysis reviews different types of interaction between IFL and the EU legal order. Although international agreements form an integral part of the EU legal order, the rules of their interpretation differ from the primary and secondary EU legislation. The reverse influence of the EU law is carried out by EU institutions and Member States by participating in inter-governmental organizations and other international bodies which work out and review national implementation of International Financial Standards.

The article describes the subjects of legal monitoring in the sphere of Justice of the Peace. The author formulates the definition of the "subject of legal monitoring of the justice of the peace" concept. Based on the analysis of the existing ideas about subjects of legal monitoring and practical experience of monitoring of justice of the peace, the classifications of subjects of legal monitoring of the of justice of the peace are proposed depending on the number of participants and on the availability of state power. The proposed classifications are shown in their interrelation. The author concludes that it is necessary to distinguish between subjects and participants in the legal monitoring of Justice of the Peace.

The article focuses on the analysis of information of the Russian and Western travelers to Central Asia in the 18th — beginning of the 20th centuries on state and law of that region. The goal is a substantiation of the travelers’ notes value as historical evidence of state and law of the Central Asia which allows to study actual relations in administration and legal regulation. The author applies some basic research methods: historical legal, formal legal and comparative legal approaches, content analysis, biographical method; the effectiveness of study of this type of sources is provided by using interdisciplinary approach. The author finds that travelers’ notes to be sources of considerable value which substantially widens our knowledge about the state and law of Central Asia. At the same time travelers’ notes presume the personalities of authors, their national and professional affiliation therefore their information must be verified by comparing with other sources.

The article deals with controversial issues of positive responsibility. The analysis enables the author to conclude that the category under investigation is a feature (property) of the subject of law, represents the exercise of subjective rights by his will and in his interest in accordance with legal norms, criteria for the lawfulness of the implementation of actions, restrictions. Manifestations of positive legal responsibility should be sought not in specific legal norms, but in the legislatively established valuation categories. Evaluation categories act as a measure of discretion in the exercise of subjective rights, when the dispute is resolved by the law enforcer.

The article focuses on the issue of cultural organizations performance measurement. The author explains the benefits of applying a non-parametric “Data Envelopment Analysis” that is based on comparison of input and output indicators, to performance measurement of cultural organizations. Using statistical data on Russian federal theatres, the author empirically tests their performance that relates to such aspects as organization’s reputation, artistic excellence, maximization of access to cultural assets, etc. Based on statistics of the Russian Ministry of Culture in 2012—2016, the author analyses overall trends in performance of federal theatres, as well as provides results concerning each research object. Efficiency indices of theatres allow the author to distinguish four groups of Russian federal theatres in terms of performance aspects under research.

The resort tax is supposed to become a development instrument for the tourist infrastructure. The main idea of the article is to prove that this assumption doesn’t agree either with the experiences of foreign countries or the Russian actual situation. The idea is implemented through the analysis of legislative base of the resort tax implementation, indicators of budgetary performance of tourist taxes abroad as well as the analysis of the current situation and forthcoming changes on the Russian touristic market. This enables to conclude that the resort tax law does not include any practical premises neither for proper preparation of the experiment nor for the successful course of the experiment. The foreign experience shows that tourist tax is of the renting nature, it originates from the growing welfare and increase in touristic activity. Tourist taxes are not the resource for the development of the touristic infrastructure, and it is indirectly confirmed by their low budgetary efficiency. There are no economic premises here in Russia for the steady growth of the demand for tourist services; therefore the resort tax acquires a character of a confiscatory tax for guests of large accommodation objects. Thus there is a high opportunity of receiving negative effect from the resort tax introduction experiment in four regions of our country.

The authors present an overview of the main approaches to assessing the social and economic development of Russian regions. There are different types of assessment – administrative, ranking and scientific ones. Each type of assessment has its own parameters – the subject of assessment, frequency, tools, specific methodology, and others. The authors stress the necessity of a more systemic approach to assessing the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation based on the principles of sustainable development.

The article is devoted to the phenomenon of a money surrogate, introduced in the form of a bitcoin, a popular cryptocurrency. The purpose of the research is to study the influence of the price-per-unit value of the cryptocurrency on the indicator of the market capitalization of the bitcoin cryptocurrency through correlation-regression analysis. As a result of the research, the author becomes the first to prove the direct dependence of the mentioned indicators, namely, a strong relationship between the price per unit of the cryptocurrency and the indicator of the bitcoin cryptocurrency market capitalization.

They urgency of this topic is caused by poor knowledge of specific issues in development of Soviet outbound tourism, especially on the regional scale. The purpose of this research is to define the functional aim and effectiveness of use of specialized tourist groups in the structure of outbound tourism in the Kaliningrad region. For this purpose, the author examines the available archive materials of the Kaliningrad Regional Council of Trade Unions and the Regional Council of CPSU (Communist Party of the USSR), analyzes relevant publications. Particular attention is drawn to the implementation of the mission of tourist groups aboard, following the specialized routs. The author identifies the measures taken by the state organizations dealing with the outbound tourism issues aimed to improve the efficiency of the tourist trips. The article considers the basic elements borrowed from foreign experience and implemented in the Kaliningrad regional economy.

The author makes an attempt to characterize the daily life play of the Soviet children in the postwar period. The analysis of the issue was carried out on the background of theoretical works on the topic, as well as archival materials and the results of the questionnaire. The study allows to identify the main types of toys and gaming activities, common among Soviet children in the post-war years. It was determined that the post-war devastation had negative consequences for the development of the Soviet toy industry, but this did not affect the content aspect of the very subculture of childhood itself during the period under study.

The author analyzes the specifics of voting in the Kaliningrad region from 1991 to 2018. The region is identified as a unique object, the example of which reveals the influence of the exclave factor on electoral specifics. The results of federal elections are viewed as a reaction of voters to socio-economic changes caused by exclave status, as well as to the policy of the federal center in relation to the region. Using calculations of coefficient of loyalty of voting for election participants, the author identifies the main electoral features that have developed over 27 years.

The review analyzes the content of the annual collection of academic papers "Kaliningrad Archives" of 2017. There is a diversity and relevance of research topics, new and unique archive materials drawn by the scientists. The public works are highly evaluated.