Natural and medical sciences

The factors and features of localization of large business interests in 14 European coastal regions of Russia are analyzed. It is shown that the interest of large business in the coastal zones is commonly associated with the concentration of large oil and gas fields (on the shelf and in the coastal zone), with the logistics tasks (export-import operations), and (to a lesser extent, mainly Black Sea coast) with the implementation of certain recreational projects. Localization of large business (its head offices, branches, individual enterprises) is also conditioned by the general trend for economic activities, infrastructure and population to get advanced to the sea (some parts of the coast), which serves as one of the significant factors (and indicators) of economic activity, and cross-border clustering. Focusing on the most important seaports (Novorossiysk, Ust-Luga, St. Petersburg, Murmansk, etc.) cross-border activity of large business acquires trans-aquatorial properties and characteristics; clustering, thus, receives additional impulses, while the clusters demonstrate networking, dispersed forms in their development.

The level and dynamics of development of retail trade in the context of the subjects of the Russian Federation are highly differentiated. Differentiation is influenced both by the income level of the population and by other factors, since there is no functional dependence between per capita income and the volume of per capita retail trade. Even weaker is the connection between the dynamics of these indicators. The article reveals regional features of the level and dynamics of retail turnover in the context of subjects of the Russian Federation in 2000—2016 through the methods of economic statistical and cartographic analysis. The results of the study are presented in graphs and tables. They can be used to justify the regional policy of the Federation in promoting retail trade development. The authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation can study the experience of more advanced regions, while network retailers can determine geographical vectors of their expansion.

The article cartographically visualizes spatial typologies of the municipal districts of the North-Eastern Caucasus according to the degree of soil erosion as a result of water and wind erosion, salinization and dehumification. Water erosion is most actively manifested in foothill and mountainous areas on steep landslide slopes with high plowing. Wind erosion of the soil cover is most visible in the northern regions of Chechnya and Dagestan within the Tersko- Kum semi-desert and partly in the Tersko-Sulak lowland. The deflation processes are mainly seen in the soils of light mechanical composition and areas with a diluted grass stand. Degumation of soils varies in all areas, but is most pronounced in cropping areas. The problem of soil salinization is characteristic of arid irrigated areas. In the most developed and densely populated plains and foothill areas, the earth is prone to pollution (hydrocarbons, production and consumption wastes). Assessment of the geo-ecological potential of the North-Eastern Caucasus regions on bioclimatic, geo-energetic, recreational and medico-ecological criteria has revealed a significant differentiation in landscape areas. The prospects for agrarian wildlife management in steppe, forest-steppe and mountain-forest zones are favorable. Steppe regions are most likely to develop alternative energy while mountain-forest and mountain-meadow zones are optimal for recreational purposes.

The previous research work of the team (M. V. Martinovich et al.) developed a new formula for in vivo liver volume calculating using the genetic algorithm method. The purpose of this work was the integration of the formula in the automatic ultrasound diagnostic work station (AWS) "Assistant”. To achieve the goal, a number of the research objectives have been set. The possibility of assessing the size of the liver on the basis of its volume is a means of objectifying the diagnostic process. Integration of a new Martinovich’s formula for the calculation of liver volume in the ARM ultrasound "Assistant" allows you to quickly and accurately calculate the volume of the liver.

Histology is the morphological discipline of the basic curriculum, the teaching of this discipline requires careful planning. During lessons students learn to practically apply the received knowledge, and also to classify a particular structure by characteristic details. Perceiving and memorizing information is not enough for full comprehension and reproduction. This can be assisted by schematic sketches both in training, and when testing knowledge.