Natural and medical sciences

The author uses the notion of residual risk for the assessment of myocardial infarction (MI). In the acute phase of myocardial infarction, the majority of patients have remodelling of the myocardium with a predominant combination of cavity dilatation and hypertrophic left ventricle. One third of patients having endothelial dysfunction have remodelling of the myocardium. It explains a greater frequency of angina pectoris and the development of heart failure symptoms. Persistent remodelling is associated with impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation; a significant number of patients develop paradoxical vasoconstriction. A combination of these factors largely determines the degree of residual risk after myocardial infarction. In addition to standard therapy, post-MI therapy should be aimed at correcting the remodelling of blood vessels and the myocardium. It will prevent the development of delayed complications.

The authors evaluated the effectiveness of a complex conservative therapy in childless women of reproductive age having atypical endometrial hyperplasia and well-differentiated endometrial carcinoma. The study examines the effectiveness of combining the gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH) and the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system. All patients had immunohistochemical staining for ER, PR, ki-67, bcl-2, p 53, E-cadherin before and after treatment. From 2008 to 2015, none of the patients had a progression of the disease; all patients have exceeded the five year survival rate. 15 patients (30 %) had spontaneous pregnancy. A combination of GnRH and LNG-IUD proved to be highly efficient for treating atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) and EC-G1.

The author studies pain relief effect of flupirtine in patients with diabetic polyneuritis. In the conducted study, 112 patients were treated with flupirtine: 102 (91.1 %) men and 9 (8.9 %) women. All patients had diabetes with clinical manifestations of sensorimotor polyneuropathy accompanied by pain. The author proves that flupirtine can be successfully used for pain relief as part of a complex therapy in both inpatient and outpatient departments.

The article describes endosurgical treatment of obstructive jaundice caused by large and multiple calculi of the bile ducts. The authors analyse reasons for a decreasing efficiency of the method and offer a more advanced operating technique. The article contains a comparative study of the proposed technique and the traditional endosurgery and open surgery methods.

The author uses longitudinal observation to identify risk factors, pathogenesis and clinical characteristics of the senile and endogenous depression in women. It is noted that a comparison of clinical characteristics

Over the past 30 years, ultrasound examination during pregnancy revealed a surprising variety of fetus movements. It has been proven that the fetal activity begins at the end of the embryo period, week 7—9 of gestation. The analysis of the movemental patterns of the fetus has led to the hypothesis that these patterns directly reflect the development and maturation of the central nervous system. The 2D-4D ultrasound makes it possible to identify measurable parameters for assessing the neurological and behavioural development ofthe fetus. Multicentre studies were performed to identify normal and abnormal movements of the fetus. Having analysed the obtained data, the authorspropose a set of criteria for assessing the fetus neurological behaviour, allowing clinicians to better predict neurological outcome of a high-risk pregnancy.

The author analyses the problem of suicide. The article contains a statistical analysis of 349 cases of suicide committed by the inhabitants of the city of Kaliningrad in 2013—2015. The author examines the age and sex of the victims, seasonal characteristics of suicides, their distribution by day of the week and day of the month, the scene of suicides, alcohol intoxication and its degree.

The authors present the results of a study proving a direct effect of GM-CSF and Epo on the functional activity and activation status of T-cells in varying degrees of differentiation. The obtained data demonstrate immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of Epo and CSF-GM. The study shows the direct impact of hematopoietins on the T-cells functional activity in hematopoietic immunoregulation.

The traditional method of determining the propagation of acoustic waves during ARFI-elastometry of the liver as well as the existing norms are rather controversial. The article aims at standardization of techniques and the development of protocols for the AFRI elastometry of the liver. The study identifies factors for a more accurate ARFI elastometry imaging of the liver: the optimal position of the patient, access to the liver and the area of initial elastographic assessment.