Small towns of Latvia: disparities in regional and urban development
... business environment and developed infrastructure are an important prerequisite of a country’s balanced territorial and spatial development.
Recent decades have seen changing approaches to Latvia’s towns, most of them well in line with the town planning programmes devised by the UN and the EU.<1> At first, a geospatial approach was employed, focused on local geographical objects performing various roles at different times. Historically, Latvia developed as an industrial-agrarian society ...
Spatial Planning in the European Union: Practices to Draw on in Russia
In this article, we employ a systemic-complex methodology to consider the targets, functions, and content of spatial planning in European countries and compare them to urban planning practices in Russia. We analyse concepts and terminology used in spatial planning and related areas — territorial, marine, and underground planning. The article examines the evolution ...
Societal security in the Baltic Sea Region: the Russian perspective
... between education systems, etc. In 2017, Russia and other Baltic countries agreed that the Council of the Baltic Sea States would be the regional institution to implement a common societal security strategy exemplified by the Baltic 2030 Agenda Action Plan.
Introduction
The concept of societal security is relatively new for the Russian political discourse and is still not embedded in Russian security thinking and national security policies. There is no adequate translation of the term into the ...
Agglomerations management practices abroad
The practice of managing large urban agglomerations in the status of metropolitan areas is underrepresented in modern Russian conditions. Spatial planning documents concerning agglomerations usually do not reflect the realities and relations within these formations, which have de facto existed for a long time. Moreover, the experience in managing such forms of settlement is accumulated abroad, ...
Border Position as a Factor of Strategic and Territorial Planning in Russian Regions in the Baltic
... globalization, Russian border regions can form transborder regions through cooperation with the neighbouring territories of other states. The optimisation of spatial organisation of economy, social sphere, and nature management using the tools of spatial planning is fully justified in the case of transborder regions as well as in that of national ones. However, in Russia, spatial (strategic and territorial) planning does not imply joint development of documents with the border regions of neighbouring ...
Artificial Intelligence: a catalyst for entrepreneurship education in the Baltics
... abilities) can be studied within the framework of the theory of “innovative entrepreneurship”, which focuses on the role of innovation in successful entrepreneurial activity. Entrepreneurial potential is considered using the model of the theory of planned behaviour that focuses on the planning and decision-making by the entrepreneur. Entrepreneurial efficiency is perceived through the theory of self-efficacy, which refers to how a person evaluates his/her own abilities and competencies in achieving ...
Comparative analysis of the territorial support frame of settlement in coastal areas: the case of St. Petersburg and Kaliningrad regions
... considered in a socioeconomic or political context. According to Aleksandr Druzhinin, the “gravitation to the sea” phenomenon, which encompasses the economic and population trends, along with related institutional, economic, socio-cultural, and spatial planning factors and impacts, serves as the primary indicator and fundamental characteristic of coastal zones or regions [1, p. 28]. He writes that, in Russia, only 23 regions have an outlet to the sea, accounting for 60 % of the country’s territory ...
Baltic Cooperation in Marine Spatial Planning
Marine spatial planning is a relatively new area of cooperation in the Baltic Sea region — a site of long-term joint efforts towards environmental protection and sustainable development. At the beginning of the 21st century, the integrated management of coastal zones ...
Population change and the settlement system transformation in Poland, as revealed by the 2021 census
This article aims to analyse current geodemographic changes in Poland, based on the data of the 2021 National Population and Housing Census. Methods, traditional for socioeconomic geography, such as zoning, were employed. Poland’s population decreased during the inter-census period (2011—2021), with the urban population declining faster than its rural counterpart. The large voivodeships aligned along the Vistula ‘axis’ — Mazowiecka, Lesser Poland and Pomerania — outperform other Polish...
Metal accumulation in urban ecosystem plants
The paper presents the results of a study of metal accumulation (Cu, Zn, Mn, Sr, Ni, Ca, Fe, Br, Rb) in the leaves of trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants (a total of 22 species) in the urban environment of Kaliningrad. The study area includes major geochemical landscapes – residential, industrial, and recreational districts. The background concentration of metals in plants is studied. The study establishes the presence of significant anthropogenic sources of metal pollution of vegetation in Kaliningrad...
Models for countering the segregation of ethnoreligious immigrant areas in Denmark and Sweden
... Danish Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen openly announced the fight against ‘immigrant ghettos’ as a result of the long-term unsuccessful immigration policy of Denmark [29]. This preceded the publication of the first comprehensive government plan to eliminate ghettos — “The Government’s Strategy against Ghettoisation”. The strategy included a list of measures to prevent the emergence of ghettos and recommendations for solving a number of social problems in eight immigrant areas.<10> ...
The sea factor in the federal regulation of Russia’s spatial development: post-Soviet experience and current priorities
... dedicated to the centres of regional development, where the advantages of coastal regions are underscored. At the same time, new regional policy tools were not widely introduced until the 2008 crisis. This equally applied to coastal regions. Despite the plans to create a port-based special economic zone (SEZs) in each of Russia’s five sea basins, only one was established in Sovetskaya Gavan in Khabarovsk Krai (it, however, never reached its capacity, and was liquidated). The Investment Fund of Russia,...
Development of municipal districts in Saint Petersburg over the last decade: an economic and spatial analysis
... performed based on testing the Space Syntax methodology. The study made it possible to describe the city’s spatial development, improve the methodology and provide recommendations for municipal administrators. The findings will enhance strategic urban planning in St. Petersburg.
1. Kosareva, N., Polidi, T. 2017, Assessment of Gross Urban Product in Russian Cities and Its Contribution to Russian GDP in 2000—2015, Russian Journal of Economics, vol. 3, № 3, p. 263—279. doi:
https://doi.org/10....
Curvature of 2nd type induced on plane distribution
In many-dimensional projective space the plane distribution is considered. The curvature of group connection of 2-nd type, induced by composite clothing of plane distribution, is constructed. It is proved, that a immovability of Cartan’s plane and Bortolotti’s hyperplane in case of holonomic distribution attracts the vanishing of curvature tensor of 2-nd type.
1. Лаптев Г. Ф., Остиану Н. М. Распределения m-мерных линейных элементов в пространстве...
Climate variability in the dynamics of seasonal development of plants in the South-East Baltic
This article follows the dynamics of the hydrothermal climate indicators in the Kaliningrad region over a 30-year period. The authors examine the variability of plants indicating phonological events in the regions. Changes in the blossom period of such plants in spring 2012 are compared to the data of 1893 (based on Der Frühlingseinzug report by the Prussian botanical society, 1893). Finally, conclusions are made regarding the impact of climate change on the seasonal development of plants.
1. Баринова...
Urban planning of Russian urban districts: Practices, problems, solutions
This article analyses the reasons behind and consequences of the deficiency of urban areas in Russian towns and identifies the factors affecting the demand for territories associated with urban planning, which determine planning decisions, urban environment zoning, and the development and confiscation of infrastructure. The authors consider methodological approaches and the ways to solve the problem of territory deficiency: artificial accretion ...
Transboundary spatial planning in the Baltic Sea Region
....epson.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/259/648/index_EN.html
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Baltic Sea
Region. Region Policy — Inforegio. URL:
http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/reg_prog/po/prog_664.htm.
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Zaucha J.
VASAB co-operation for spatial planning and development. URL: https://www.kreis-lwl.de.
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Goldsmith M.
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Spatial Planning for Future Development in the European Union / ULI.
Paris
, 2004.
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Towards
a Framework for Spatial Development in the
Baltic Sea
Region // Third ...
Confiscation Estonian style: legal and political aspects of potential seizure of Russian assets in EU countries
... actions. It is concluded that possible options for seizing sovereign assets contradict the norms of international and national law. Therefore, all these methods are unfeasible within the current legal framework. Yet, the main obstacle to implementing the plans to seize Russian sovereign assets lies not within the legal realm, but in the political sphere since such actions could result in unforeseeable ramifications. The mechanism proposed by the European Commission for seizing private property within ...
Axiological potential of figurative units of the Russian language, translating the plant code
The article evaluates the linguistic units of the lexical-phraseological level related to the lexical-semantic group “plants.” Metaphors, comparisons, and phraseological expressions possessing imagery, semantic dualism, and an associative nature of expression are characterized. The aim of the research is to identify the axiological meanings of an extensive group of linguistic units representing the plant code in Russian culture. Attention is given not only to the core but also to peripheral...
Spatial differentiation of rural territories in the Kaliningrad region: implications for socio-economic policies
... % population decline in the country (and a 25 % in rural areas) between 1990 and 2023, the decrease was particularly sharp in the periphery<1> despite the efforts the authorities made to retain youth in rural areas [31] or improve territorial planning documents [17].
The agri-food complex in the Kaliningrad region is highly dependent on international interactions. Therefore, in the face of the illegitimate sanctions policies, Russian regions meet challenges that are much more radical than ...
The Visegrad Group and the Baltic Assembly: coalitions within the EU as seen through Russian foreign policy
... regional gas and electricity market, the implementation of the Rail Baltica project (a project for a railway connection of the Baltic countries with Northern Europe and Germany).
Let us now go back to 2019 and have a closer look at the BA/BCM action plan for 2019, which was implemented and its performance can be assessed. The plan was prepared by Latvia, which chaired the association in 2019. The action plan was quite detailed and included 14 events, that is, more than two events per month.<20> ...
Investigation of operating modes of a mobile solar power plant with non-stationary load
The object of the research is a power supply system based on a solar power plant with a non-stationary load on the example of an automatic trading unit (vending machine Coffemar G-546). The aim of the work is an experimental study of the influence of solar radiation power dynamics on the volume of electricity generated, the study of the energy balance of the test facility, the study of the possibilities and development of recommendations for optimizing energy losses in the low-voltage mode of...
Marine Spatial Planning: Theoretical Aspects
In this article, I consider marine spatial planning (MSP) as a complex of analyses, calculations, and evaluations aimed to prove feasibility of economic activities and contribute to their development in a certain part of a sea or an ocean. A most likely comprehensive MSP object is an integrated ...
The dynamics of chiral cosmological fields in the canonical phantom model
The latest results of space and ground-based mission WMAP, Planck, BICEP2 discussed widely by the scientific community and indicate the need for research on new models of inflation, other than the basic model of inflation, based on a single self-interacting scalar field. In this paper we consider the inflationary model based on chiral cosmological model, which takes into account the various forms of kinetic interaction between the phantom and the canonical field. This study determines the dynamics...
Monotowns: A Quantitative Analysis
... rossijskom rynke v dekabre 2015 g. [The price index for scrap non-ferrous metals in the Russian market in December 2015], 2015, available at: http://www.infogeo. ru/metalls/review/?act=show&rev=1133 (accessed 29.12.2015).
6. Kompleksnyj investicionnyj plan modernizacii monogoroda Novokuzneck [A comprehensive investment plan for the modernization of company towns Novokuznetsk], 2016, available at: http://monogorod.kemobl.ru/NOVOKUZNETSK/kipr1.pdf (accessed 01.02.2016).
7. Kompleksnyj investicionnyj ...
On the relation between spatial concepts, strategic and territorial planning in the Russian Federation in the context of the development of the Kaliningrad / Vistula Lagoon region
... territory of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Poland), maritime (combines a water body, and a land area) territorial system, which requires a special attitude to coordination between between the concepts of spatial, territorial and strategic planning. The article studies the issues of spatial, territorial and strategic planning in the modern management practice in Russia and in the region of Kaliningrad / Vistula Lagoon in particular. The research focuses on the opportunities of creating ...
The Swedish model of spatial planning: Functions, problems, and solutions
In this study clarification and definition are provided for the bodies responsible for making administrative decisions for territorial development. The regulatory framework of spatial planning is also embodied. The main instruments of spatial planning are shown as different types of plans: Regional plan, Municipal comprehensive plan, Detailed development plan, Special area regulations and Property regulation plan. Particular attention ...
The use of a gas discharge visualization technique at estimation the antioxidant status of plants in the conditions of cadmium toxic effect
This article presents an evaluation of the antioxidant status of plants with the use of the GDV-method under the toxic effect of cadmium. A high concentration of Сd in the soil is proven to stimulate the accumulation of anthocyans, carotenoids, and acorbic acid and to contribute to a reduction in the concentration of water-soluble antioxidants in the leaves of the plants under consideration. It is shown that GDV-entropy can be used as a principal characteristic of the state of a vegetative organism...
Sea surface temperature determination in the North Atlantic based on planktonic foraminifera with the help of diverse biometric methods
This article presents the results of the reconstruction of surface temperature above the northeast part of the Iceland basin (Northeast Atlantic) for the last 300,000 years with help of the M. S. Barash method, as well as the RAM, MAT and TFT methods on the basis of the planktonic foraminifera data. The M. S. Barash method helps calculate the mean annual sea surface temperature
changes, while the used nowadays MAT and RAM methods help calculate seasonal changes. The comparison of methods proves...
The prospects of nuclear power development in the eastern part of the Baltic Sea region as a factor of the formation of international relations system in the region
The current development of economic diplomacy in the world is determined by a combination of globalization and regionalization. In addition, it has an economic dimension. At the same time, the Baltic Sea region demonstrates large-scale politicisation of economic cooperation. The development of nuclear power in the eastern part of the Baltic Sea is indicative of the effectiveness of political and economic cooperation in the region. The author believes that Russia and the three Baltic States of Estonia...
Similarities and differences in curricula of a bachelor’s degree in oceanology at the universities in St Petersburg, Klaipeda, and Kaliningrad
... Education — Russia strategic capital], Vestnik Permskogo universiteta [Bulletin of the Perm University], no. 6, pp. 46—54.
2. Benavides, L. G., Arredodo, V. 1992, K novoj paradigme planirovanija obrazovanija [Towards a new paradigm of education planning], Perspektivy. Voprosy obrazovanija [Prospects. Education Matters], Vol. 77, no. ½, pp. 123—136.
3. Bolonskaja deklaracija. Zona evropejskogo vysshego obrazovanija. Sovmestnoe zajavlenie evropejskih ministrov obrazovanija. g. Bolon'ja, 19 ...
Composition and structure of plant communities in milled peatlands during the post-disturbance successions: a case study from the Rossyanka Carbon Supersite, Kaliningrad, Russia
Nine plant community types were identified in the central part of the Vittgirrensky Peatland (designated the Rossyanka Carbon Supersite). All community types represent successional stages of vegetation development on areas transformed by peat milling. Data on the structure and species composition of communities are provided, along with typical phytosociological descriptions for each vegetation variant. Physiognomically, the plant communities on the milled fields consist of low-stature tree...
France’s strategy in the Baltic region: military and political aspects
... the NATO air policing programme as well as in naval exercises, keeping the troops in Estonia within the Lynx mission. France’s further activity in the region includes enhanced cooperation with Sweden and Finland after they accede to NATO, an already planned increase in military contingent in the Baltic States in 2023, and the development of the European Political Community project. The author concludes that even if France’s presence in the Baltic does not yet pose a critical threat to Russian security,...
Problems of the development of pre-agglomeration (semiperipheral) municipalities on the example of the Gvardeysk urban district
... system (region) The purpose of this study is to identify the main development problems of a special type of territory — pre-agglomeration territories and to identify possible solutions. Based on the analysis of statistical data, documents of strategic planning of municipalities, as well as programs for the integrated development of transport infrastructure at the level of the Kaliningrad city agglomeration and the Gvardeysk urban district,the author justifies proposals on the formation of a contractual ...
Steven Makin’s ontological argument: The concept of necessary exis¬ten¬ce of God
This article deals with one of the most elegant and non-standard versions of the modal onto-logical argument for God’s existence, which was proposed by the analytic philosopher Stephen Makin in 1988. He managed to avoid the famous criticism of Kant concerning the impossibility of acknowledging the predicate ‘to exist’ as real. Makin’s argument is not based on proving the presence of necessarily exemplified concepts rather than the necessary existing object. He argues that there is at least...
Cross-Border Tourist Routes: The Potential of Russia’s North- West
... Russ.)
14. Balykova, E. The “Blue road” our favourite project, available at:
http://monuments.karelia.ru/o-centre/25-letie-centra/jubilejnaja-gazeta/golubaja-doroganash-ljubimyj...
. (accessed 27.01.2017). (in Russ.)
15. Belarus and Russia plan to create a 500-kilometer-long tourist route "to the reserved places Lakeland." The official website of the Embassy of the Republic of Belarus in the Russian Federation, available at:
http://embassybel.ru/news/7c7dbd1dd8a0.html
(accessed ...
The adaptive potential and ecology of woody plants of the Irano-Turanian introduction centre in the conditions of the South Baltic (Kaliningrad region)
This article examines the history of the introduction of wood plants from the Irano-Turanian introduction center in the Kaliningrad region. A typological analysis of the introduced species is carried out. The biomorphological and ecotypical structure, as well as the seasonal changes characteristic of these plants, are identified. The authors analyze the acclimatization and perspectives of further introduction of species from the Irano-Turanian center in the Kaliningrad region.
1. Берг Р. Л...
The biogeochemical activity of exotic gymnosperm species in industrial urbanised ecosystems
This paper presents data on the biogeochemical activity of 9 exotic gym-nosperm species in a model urban ecosystem with a high level of anthropo-genic pollution (Russia’s Non-Black Earth zone). The author examines data on the biogeochemical activity of Thuja occidentalis, Juníperus sabína, and Picea pungens in the conditions of polymetallic contamination of air and soils in the area affected by iron and steel plants. It is shown that most Gym-nospermae species accumulate such macroelements as...