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Results: 47

• East Baltics: Economic Dilemmas of Security

  This article considers military security in the Eastern Baltic. The research focuses on the economic sustainability of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania in the context of military spending. The authors maintain that an increase in military spending can either strengthen or weaken national economic and technological potential. In Germany or Sweden, military spending accounts for a smaller proportion of the GDP or budget revenues, but it is integrated ...

• NATO Policies in the Baltics: Objectives and Priorities

  The authors employ geopolitical analysis to identify the core characteristics of NATO’s current policy towards the Baltic Sea region. After the demise of the Soviet Union, the region was considered as one of the safest in terms of military security. However,...

• The activities of Kaliningrad public education authorities aimed at organising military and pre-conscription training of schoolchildren in 1945—1962

  This article consdiers the issues concerning the military training of schoolchildren in the post-war years (1945—1962) in the Kaliningrad region.The authors analyse the processes of integration of military and physical training at school as well as the management of these processes by public education authorities. 1.  Государственный архив Калининградской области ...

• The US ballistic missile defence policy in the Baltic and Nordic regions

  ... examines the implications of the deployment of the US ballistic missile defense (BMD) system in the Baltic and Nordic regions. These implications are to be considered to ensure Russia’s military security. Using the structural-functional method, the authors analyse the internal structure of the US BMD in Europe, stages of its implementation, and its influence on the military equilibrium in the region. Being similar to other regional missile defence systems of the Pentagon, BMD in Europe increases ...

• Geopolitical and Geo-economic Changes in the Baltic Sea Region at the Turn of the XX—XXI centuries

  The article describes the process and results of the geopolitical and geoeconomic changes in the Baltic Sea region at the turn of the XX and XXI centuries. The authors assess the political, economic and military potential of individual countries and groups of countries. Ranking the selected countries and grouping them according to the similarity of their characteristics requires a variety of methods — the ...

• The concept of guerrilla warfare in Lithuania in the 1920—1930s

  ... military strength in order to ensure national security, were forced to seek for unconventional methods of warfare, including guerrilla strategies. The study places emphasis on the development of the guerrilla war concept in the Union periodicals. The author retraces a change in the intensity of the guerrilla warfare concept propagation amongst Lithuanian population and riflemen, in particular, through publications in the Trimitas — a periodical of the Lithuanian Riflemen’s Union. The author also ...

• Family, duty, and honour in the First World War: Problems of the everyday life of the German military elite

  This article describes different aspects of the everyday life of the German military elite during World War I. The author stresses the effect of protracted hostilities on professional high-ranking officers in view of their age, special social standards, and family relations. Special attention is paid to a new little-studied area of research. 1. Деметр К....

• Some problems of ecological education of students of military higher education institutions and possible ways to solve them

  This article is devoted to the features of ecological education at a military higher education institution pertaining to the need to apply the competence model of specialist training. The author analyses the research and pedagogical problems of organization of military professional ecological training of students of different fields of study and offers the ways to solve them in the framework of the competence approach concept. 1. Когай ...

• The ‘training’ concept in Russian military discourse of the 19th century

  The author emphasises the high frequency of the use of ‘training’ concept in the linguistic world image of the 19th century and analyses the representative of the concept in the linguistic usage of military sublanguage of the 19th century. The article ...

• Passages from the history of the Kaliningrad region: The first sitting of the Königsberg regional Office for Civil Affairs on June 26—27, 1946

  ... the perspective of the civil administration and the commandment of the 11th Guards Army on the problems of the development of the Königsberg / Kaliningrad region in 1946. The meeting participants focused on the conflict between the civil and military authorities. Different models of relations between the military and civil administrative structures developed in the region’s towns and districts. The meeting also discussed the position of the German population and the flaws of trade and communication ...

• Some methodological problems of military and historical anthropology

  This article considers the contentious issues of modern military anthropology, including research methodology. The author focuses on the use of anthropology as a method of historical research since the early 19th century until today. The problem of correlation between the subjective and objective in the objective of historical research is analysed, a promising direction ...

• The “personal-social” antinomy as a mechanism for analysing and assessing pedagogical studies on developing cognitive interests in cadets

  Using the “personal-social” antinomy, the author analyses the results of a historical and pedagogical reconstruction of the 1960s— 80s theoretical and practical studies on the development of cognitive interests in cadets within the training process at military schools. The analysis helps to ...

• Paradoxes of Legal Procedure in Mr. K’s Complaint to the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation on the Defense of Pension Rights of a Serviceman

  The author studies some specific legal paradoxes in the implementation of the legislation on status of militaries in the concrete case of the military pensioner K. who served relevant period but did not get the right to obtain pension. The application to The Constitutional Court of Russian Federation and some aspects of the judgment of the Court are analyzed....

• The factors and pedagogical conditions for the development of general cultural competences of cadets in the current educational process at a military university

  Based on the competence-based approach to education in line with the goals and vectors of human activities in a knowledge society, the author thoroughly analyses the current educational process at a military university in view of its contribution to the general cultural development of cadets. The author attempts to analyse the factors facilitating and inhibiting the development of general ...

• Methodological Potential of the Concept «Military Culture of Society» in Historical and Political Studies

  The author considers the scope of the «military culture of society» concept and analyses the possibilities of its application in humanities in order to extend our knowledge of the past and the present. 1.  Ашев Г.   А. Культура воинской ...

• The legitimation and criticism of violence in international law. A po¬litical science perspective

  ... for admissible violence can be used for its justification, since exceptions come hand in hand with rules. This article considers the advantages and disadvantages of the concept of “responsibility to protect”, which proves to be dominant today. The author also poses the question about the transition to a new focus of international law — from maintaining peace to meeting social requirements. 1. Arend An. C., Beck R. J. International Law and the Recourse to Force: A Shift in Paradigms // International ...

• Key trends and features of the Canadian military-industrial complex during the Second World War

  The article deals with the development of the Canadian military industry in 1939-1945. The effectiveness, organisation and scale of production of aircraft, ships, armored vehicles, artillery and small arms are analyzed. The author reveals the influence of geographic, economic, home and foreign policy factors on the type of weapons produced and the volume of their production. Using official Canadian documents and statistical publications, the author concludes that the military-industrial ...

• The psychological and pedagogical training of an officer — a factor or combat training intensification

  The authors carried out an analysis of the combat training of military personnel. The article considers approaches to training intensification offered in psychological and pedagogical research literature. The components of the professional and pedagogical ...

• The journal “1812”and the 100th anniversary of the Patriotic War of 1812

  The author explores the perception of the characteristic traits of Russian people that was widespread among military intellectuals and their associates — publishers, authors and sub­scribers of the journal “1812” at the end of the 19th — the beginning ...

• Assessment of the efficiency of Russian response to the implementation of US missile defence deployment concept in Europe

  .... The measures proposed are divided into three subgroups: soft, medium and hard depending on the implementation of the adopted missile defence concept by the USA. This research employs the structure-system method and the method of actualization. The authors outline both positive and negative consequences of such actions for the Russian Federation, the USA, eastern European countries and the neighbouring countries, including the Baltic Sea states. The practical significance of this study consists ...

• On the post-war reconstruction of the Kaliningrad region: the conflict of authorities

  ... pasaulino karo pabaiga Ryt ų Pr ū sijojefaktai ir istorin ė s įž valgos / Akta Historica Universitatis Klaipedensis XVIII . Klaip ė da , 2009. Fedorova O. G., Kretinin G. V. Königsberg, Kaliningrad region, post-war organisation, military authorities, civil authorities, regional administration, security services. 64-70

• Development of the Soviet public administration system on the territory of the Kaliningrad region (April — June 1945)

  This article analyses the formation of the Soviet public administration system in the Kaliningrad region in the first months after the Battle of Konigsberg. The author focuses on the functioning of military commandant’s offices and the temporary civil administration. 1. Кретинин Г. В. Военные комендатуры 3-го Белорусского фронта в Восточной Пруссии ...

• The formation of the image of East Prussia by Soviet military propaganda and its use in the post-war period

  On the basis of war-time sources, this article reconstructs the image of East Prussia created by Soviet propaganda and considers the context of its formation. The author demonstrates the use of this image over post-war decades. Propaganda discourse is interpreted as a practice of cultural assimilation of East Prussia. 1.  Бирковский В.   Г., Исупов В.   С., Фарутин И.   А. История ...

• The dynamics of the world market of gold and the current geo­political processes. Part 2. The analysis of behaviour patterns of the main gold market participants

  ... of gold reserves in different geographical places, ‘safe havens’, and can lead to an increase the number of gold bars, futures contracts or, on the contrary, to get rid of them. They can determine the fluctuations of the world price of gold. The author substantiates the idea that short-term geopolit­ical disturbances have an impact on the process of revaluation of the precious metal. The second part of the article aims to identify the main regularities of the impact of geopolitical impulses ...

• Ways to optimize the characteristics of active synthesizers frequency

  ... systemic analysis and the theory of statistical estimation. This work primarily deals with theoretical methods of research which were used to identify approaches to the mathematical description of atmospheric phenomena models of wind shear, turbulence. The author also analyses relevant the optimal methodology (Russian and foreign papers) for developing software products which takes into account the authors own experience obtained in the process of work at the Russian aerospace industry enterprises. 1....

• Tourist excursions and the formation of historical memory of Kaliningraders in 1964—1975

  Studying archival documents, the author analyses the contribution of tourist agencies to the formation of the historical memory of Kaliningraders in 1964—1975. The article describes certain pages of local history, which were included in thematic excursions for residents and guests ...

• The Kaliningrad Region: Challenges of the Exclave Position and Ways to Offset Them

  ... of its exclave position and considers possible measures to offset related problems in the current geopolitical situation. The article employs statistics, regional strategies, cross-border cooperation programmes, and expert interviews conducted by the authors in Kaliningrad in 2012—2014. The vast body of empirical data is instrumental in analysing the views of different stakeholders and estimating the problems and prospects of the region’s development as either Russia’s military outpost in Europe ...

• The US marine fleet in the context of lend-lease deliveries to Great Britain and the USSR during World War II : the development programme and travel routes

  This article focuses on the formation and implementation of the programmе of development of US fleet during World War II for providing military and economic support to the anti-Hitler coalition — Great Britain and the USSR. The author considers the most typical projects of marine transport vessels built at US shipyards, the main routes of travel from the USA and Great Britain to the USSR in the framework of the end-lease programme. 1. Блэйр К. Подводная война ...

• Exclavity as a challenge and a resource for foreign positioning of the Kaliningrad region

  ... geopo­litical factor in its socio-economic and socio-cultural development. Given the region’s foreign positioning, exclavity is both a challenge and a resource. Guided by the principles of factor analysis, through the method of principal components, the author puts forward several theses regarding the possibilities and limitations of exclavity in overcoming foreign positioning of the region. The economic dependence of the Kaliningrad region on the federal government policies inside and outside the country ...

• Military commandant's offices of the 3rd Belorussian front in East Prussia (October 1944 —May 1945)

  ... Отечественной войны. 1941—1945. СПб., 2005. С. 290—313. 10.  ЦАМО . Ф. УВК г. Калининграда. Оп. 954489. Д. 1. Kretinin G. front, grouping, instruction, commandant’s office, East Prussia, operation, authorities, management, states, settlements. 67-75

• The historical and geographical evolution of the enclavity of the Kaliningrad region

  This article considers the origin, development, change in the status, and extinction of enclave and exclave formations in the territory of the modern Kaliningrad region. The author offers information on their socio-economic and political features. The article identifies enclave (exclave) problems peculiar to them, including the land access (passenger and cargo transit) of the metropolis to the isolated territory, as well ...

• Implicit memory, or Once again on German civilians in Königsberg during the fortress siege in February — April 1945

  Within a polemic with B. Willems's article, the author analyses the size of civilian population of Königsberg remaining in the city during the siege of 1945. The article considers approaches of Soviet and German command to evaluating the role of civilians in defending the fortress during the siege....

• Historical memory in the age of globalization: the case of Russian- Estonian relations

  ... relationship between globalization and historical memory, thus contributing to the discussion on globalization and the roles and applications of history. On the basis of an analysis of academic discourses on globalization and historical memory, the author arrives at two conclusions. On the one hand, the proponents of globalization use historical memory as one of their arguments: they claim that the history of globalization in international relations stretches back to the 19th century, thus globalization ...

• The “Polish question” in Soviet-German relations in the second half of the 1920s (based on the materials of the USSR consulate in Königsberg)

  On the basis of earlier unknown documents of the Soviet consulate in Königsberg retrieved from the Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation, the author analyses relations between the USSR and Germany in 1925—1930. The author focuses on the role of the “Polish question”, which largely affected the nature of bilateral relations. The consulate documents indicate that Soviet diplomacy aspired ...

• The features of choosing an institutional development trajectory in Eastern Europe in the 16th—17th centuries: Moscovy and the Polish — Lithuanian Commonwealth

  ... article employs the new institutional economic theory approach to consider the choices regarding title to land and serfdom in Moscovy and the Polish — Lithuanian Commonwealth (earlier the Grand Duchy of Lithuania) in the 16th—17th centuries. The author emphasizes the factors, which affected the choice of institutional development trajectory, and considers the influence exerted by these institutes on the political and military development of these states. This article shows how the contingent ...

• Forecasting Actions of Baltic elites: A Scenario Approach

  This paper provides an overview of different approaches to forecasting the future of the three Baltic States. The author’s theoretical approach to studying Baltic elites is used to forecast changes in the action models of the Baltic elites. The article stresses the scarcity of internal political processes in the Baltics. However, a significant number of scenarios ...

• Innovative security of the region: the problem of the formation of the innovation environment of the Kaliningrad region

  The article is devoted to the topical issue of providing innovation security of the Kaliningrad region, Russia’s exclave on the Baltic Sea. The author discusses the importance of creating a favourable innovation environment in the region for sustainable implementation of the innovative model of economic development. The author assesses the innovation environment in the Kaliningrad region and ...

• The Battle of Tannenberg: subjective factors

  ... subjective factors were also important. Later subjective factors turned to be hidden from the researcher’s eye, being ignored by propaganda. However, it neither diminishes their significance, nor proves their non-existence. Basing on a few examples this author makes an attempt to reconstruct the motives and fears of several key figures of the German Eighth Army that influenced the course of action and the result of the Battle of Tannenberg. 1. Восточно-Прусская операция : сб....

• Russia and the European Union in the Baltic region: a treacherous path to partnership

  ... Region in June 2009. An increase in the efficiency of Russia’s policy in the region requires not only the development of bilateral relations with the region’s countries but also a dialogue with the European Union, the key player in the Baltic. The author identifies Russian economic, military, political, and humanitarian interests in the region, and describes the structure, content, and main areas of the implementation of the EU Baltic strategy in 2009—2013. The article examines the evolution ...

• The European Court of Justice case of Elgafaji: the interaction between EU law and international humanitarian law

  ... focuses on the increasing influence of international court rulings on the development of new concepts within international law, in particular, the concept of subsidiary protection to persons who fall outside the scope of the 1951 Refugee Convention. The author also considers the issues related to the concept of indirect effect in EU law, as well as the interaction between the EU and international law. 1. Judgment on joint cases №C-402/05 and 415./05 Jasin Abdullah Kadi and Al Barakaat International ...

• The regional approach in the policy of the Russian Federation towards the Republic of Estonia

  This author uses regionalism as a theoretical framework for analyzing the foreign policy of the Russian Federation towards the Republic of Estonia. Regionalism is interpreted as a situation, when a political leader’s beliefs change depending on what region ...

• The rhetoric and logic of the representations of the Russian-Turkish War of 1877–1878 in Russian public discourse

  ... the Russian Empire in 1876—1877, was indicative of an effective mobilisation rhetoric. However, the disappointment, which quickly followed, and the devaluation of the events of those years by public opinion suggest that, although sanctioned by the authorities, the language of mobilisation was not effectively controlled by them. In this article, I analyse the structure of the public language of 1876— 1877, which was shaped by different actors who used it to express their attitudes to the current ...

• Duty and Coercion in Kant’s Republican Cosmopolitanism

  ... rational conclusion of the legal system, although its institutional embodiment differs from that required by the rights of states. I highlight that according to Kant states may not behave as individual citizens do, since they do not recognize any higher authority than themselves. Second, cosmopolitan law shows that coercion is not an insurmountable condition to fulfill legal obligations, since the cosmopolitan order depends on the moral equality among states, far from involving a hierarchy over governmental ...

• The concept “people” in A. S. Shishkov’s manifestoes in the discourse of the Patriotic War of 1812

  ... intellectuals focused on the cultural and linguistic components of nationalism. The aim of this study was to identify the content of the concept of ‘people’ in the manifestoes by Shishkov. These texts expressed the official posi­tion of the supreme authority on national unity. The method of discourse analysis employed by the author, made it possible to place Shishkov’s texts in a broader historical context, trac­ing their origins in the discussions on the language of the beginning of the 19th ...

• Security in the Baltic region as a Projection of Global Confrontation between Russia and the USA

  This article considers the problem of security in the Baltic region, namely, that of Poland and the Baltics. The authors rely on the works of Karl Deutsch, Emanuel Adler, on Michael Barnett’s theory of security communities and Barry Buzan’s re­gional security complex theory, address Steven Mann’s controlled chaos theory and the concept of Intermarium. Their ...

• The later works of Boris Porshnev in foreign historiography

  The author analyses the reception of works and academic ideas of a re­nowned Soviet historian Boris Porshnev (1905—1972) in foreign historiog­raphy. The research shows that the historian failed to repeat the success of his monograph (1948) on popular ...

• On crisis trends in the legitimacy of the political regimes of the Baltic States

  This article considers the legitimacy of political regimes in the Baltic States by analysing three major parameters: confidence in political institutions, level of corruption, and the development of their party systems. The author identifies the major crisis trends in the legitimacy of the political regimes of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. The article stresses the problem of legitimacy reproduction resulting from the limited representation of the national party systems....