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• The problem of biodiversity: the geohistorical approach

  This article tackles the problems of the biodiversity parameter evolution from the geo-historical perspective. The authors come to a conclusion about the prevalence of global terrestrial and cosmic factors in the development of biosphere processes. On the basis of the biogeochemical approach to the biosphere evolution,...

• Trends in the development of cross-border trade in the Russian-Finnish borderlands

  This article considers the development of cross-border trade and tourism in the Russian- Finnish borderlands in the 19th/21st centuries. We describe the evolution of cross-border trade in the Russian-Finnish borderlands at different stages of the territory’s development. The patterns of cross-border trade have always been depended on the national policies of the two countries. Since the 19th century,...

• A ‘Secret alliance’ or ‘Freedom from any alliances’? NATO accession debate in Sweden and Finland, 1991—2016

  ... investigate the main areas of cooperation between NATO and the non-aligned countries of Northern Europe. The authors describe the prerequisites, prospects and possible consequences of Sweden and Finland’s membership in NATO. Special attention is paid to the evolution of the policy of neutrality of these countries before and after their accession to the European Union. The aim of this research is to assess the evolution of political views of Sweden and Finland on the development and implementation of the ...

• The historical and geographical evolution of the enclavity of the Kaliningrad region

  ... transit) of the metropolis to the isolated territory, as well as the issues relating to the origins of state border, border control, visa regime, and political and economic relations to neighbouring states and the mainland. The author reviews cases of evolutional development of enclavity and peaceful and military methods of eliminating enclave formations. Actions towards the solution of political and socioeconomic problems taken in East Prussia are compared to those taken in the Kaliningrad region....

• The evolution of agricultural nature management models in the Baltic States and the Kaliningrad region in 1890—2016

  ... agricultural practices are affected by a combination of natural, political, and economic factors. Such models incorporate indicators of changes in the cultivated land area, land structure, and the intensity of agricultural practices. At early stages, the evolution of a model is affected by natural conditions. Later, political (wars, revolutions, changes in national borders) and economic factors (economic crises, changes in the overall economic situation, and shifts in the structure of the economy) come ...

• The effect of railway network evolution on the Kaliningrad region’s landscape environment

  .... In: Kretinin, G. V., Bryushinkin, V. N., Galtsov,V. I. et al. Ocherki istorii Vostochnoj Prussii [Essays on the history of East Prussia], Kaliningrad, 536 pс. 11. Luhmanov, D. N. 2001, Jevoljucija sel'skogo rasselenija v pervoj polovine HH veka [Evolution of the rural settlement in the first half of the twentieth century]. In: Gorod i derevnja v Evropejskoj Rossii: sto let peremen [City and village in European Russia: one hundred years of change], Moscow, p. 230 -232. 12. Maksakovskii, V. P....

• S. I. Hessen and the history of Russian Neo-Kantianism

  ... other hand, to emphasise the originality of his philosophical position in the framework of Neo-Kantianism. The author identifies two important aspects in the analysis of the Russian thinker’s works: his attention to the philosophical practice and the evolution of his philosophical views towards Platonism. As to the problem of philosophical practice, when analyzing Hessen’s works — unlike the works of other Russian philosophers, one faces the acute problem of separation between the concepts of ...

• Evolution of Andrey Bolkonsky’s axiological worldview in Leo Tolstoy’s War and Peace

  ... personality. Oppositions emerging in the character’s mind (war/peace, lie/truth, earth/sky, greatness/worthlessness, glory/vanity), which are identified in the course of analysis, make it possible to track changes in the character’s worldview and its evolution along his way to harmony. 1. Бочаров С. Г. «Мир» в «Войне и мире» // Бочаров С. Г. О художественных мирах. М., 1985. С. 229—248. 2. Гинзбург Л. Я. О психологической ...

• Evolution of the special question in English (based on examples from the Gospel of John)

  The article deals with the evolution of the special question in the English language of the 10th—16th centuries. The study is conducted using examples from three versions of the Gospel of John — the Wessex Gospels of the late 10th century, the Gospel of the Wycliffe Bible (the ...

• Fatih Karimi’s early poems (late 1920s — early 1930s)

  ... poetic works of the influential Tatar poet and literary figure Fatih Karimi, this arti-cles considers the early but the most literary advanced poems created as his poetic voice was emerging. The study shows that the process of the poet’s creative evolution followed a trajectory from the ‘social ideological order’ towards expressing the ‘living’ human feeling and lyrical sacredness. 1. Мазитов З. М. Фатих Карим: Очерк жизненного и творческого ...

• Temperature evolution of crystal structure of multiferroic Tb0.95Bi0.05MnO3

  The temperature evolution of crystal structure of multiferroic Tb0.95Bi0.05MnO3 has been studied by powder neutron diffraction in the temperature range 100—450 K. It is shown that the lattice parameters and volume expansion coefficient demonstrate anomalies in the ...

• Iconostasis of the Late Middle Ages: East Slavic crossroads

  The article considers the evolution of the structure and form of Eastern Slavic iconostasis as a reflection of the major social and political ideas of their creators in terms of cultural and confessional affinity. The author emphasizes the role of mutual influences during periods ...

• The genesis of the subject in syntax as a manifestation of verbal and logical thinking

  ... sentences are analysed and compared in reference to the history of thinking put forward by Losev and “the theory of three areals” by G. Guillaume, according to which in-phrasal and out-phrasal morphologies are identified. The process of cognitive evolution of thinking is studied diachronically: from mythological thinking to verbal-logical thinking that is entirely manifested in the nominal structure and in the formation of the category of subject in syntax (subject formation). The influence of ...

• The mortality rate in the Kaliningrad region in the second half of the 1940s—1950s

  This article focuses on the major problems of studying one of the key aspects of the demographic history of the Kaliningrad region – the evolution of mortality rate in urban and rural population. Based on an analysis of statistical data from archival documents, the author considers the dynamics and characteristics of mortality rate. The key mortality rate indicators and the factors behind ...

• Exulton-like solution and two phase of collapse of an intrusive lens

  We show that it is possible to use the exulton-like solutions of the nonlinear Schrődinger equation to simulation of the evolution of frontal vortical zone of an intrathermocline eddies in the process of its collapse. 1. Гриценко В.   А., Юрова А.   А. К вопросу о динамике вихревой нити // Инт­рузионные течения: ...

• The сross-correlation NMR spectroscopy as the method of study of the guest atom environment

  ... property variable of materials by interstitial impurity-induced perturbation of regular structure. This problem may be solve by NMR study of quadrupolar nuclear, that is probe of electronic environment of guest atom embedded in a host lattice. The study of evolution of coherences of quadrupolar nuclear with spin S = 3/2 in the presence anisotropy chemical shift is shown that interference terms between time dependent quadrupolar interaction and anisotropy chemical shift are induce dynamic shifts of satellites ...

• The reconstruction of the measured qubit under the unsharp measure-ments

  Evolution operator of a combined system consisting of the measured qubit and the auxiliary system is derived. Conditions on the choice of parameters in the formula for the reconstruction of the measured qubit states are obtained. The evolution operator ...

• On interaction of a qubit with a fluctuating environment

  It is shown that the equations of Gurvitz and Mozyrsky for a system consisting of a qubit interacting with a fluctuating environment in certain conditions are reduced to evolution equations of the qubit. Such evolution equations for the qubit can be generalized to the form, which implies the existence of entangled states of the combined system. Among these entangled states two are symmetric, and two — antisymmetric....

• The development of everyday language in the German-speaking countries in the framework of the sociolinguistic concept of language evolution

  ... Deutsches Volk und deutsche Sprache // Muttersprache.1992. H. 3. S. 218—229. 12. Sornig K. Umgangssprache: Zwischen Standardnorm und Intim-Variante //International Journal of the Sociology of Language. 1990. Bd. 93. S. 83—103. Kopchuk L. language evolution, trends, language antinomy, everyday spoken discourse, colloquial language, standard language, dialects. 51-61

• The geoecological potential of sustainable development: The evolution of the concept and its structure

  This article focuses on the evolution of views on the geoecological potential and related concepts. The author’s definition of the geoecological potential is offered. The article describes the structure of the geoecological potential through identifying and defining its natural ...

• The preadaptive abilities of birds to inhabit urban environments

  ... крупных городов // Вопросы экспериментальной зоологии. Минск , 1983. С . 53—57. 14. Cuenot L. La genese des especes animals. 3d ed. Paris, 1911. 15. Davis D.   D. Comparative anatomy and the evolution of vertebrates // Genetics, paleontology and evolution. Princeton, 1949. P. 64—89. Rakhimov I. I., Rakhimov M. I. anthropogenic environment, synanthropization, birds’ adaptations, preadaptations. 79-84

• Numerical simulation of forming and evolution of solitons in chain of nucleotide couples

  ... Cauchy’s problem of the induced charge movement along the discrete chain of nucleotide couples in DNA is solved in the frame of Holstein’s model taking account surrounding temperature fluctuations. For the initial conditions chosen specifically the evolution of a special class of solutions of this problem related to the type of soliton is investigated. The existence of solutions in the form of solitary waves in the framework of this model is possible only at very low temperatures the thermostat....

• The ageing and morphology of porous glasses with embedded materials

  ... of salts and recrystallization on sample surface. Space distribution of tin filled up the pores of porous glasses has been studied using a combination of ionic etching and Auger-spectroscopy. 1. Golosovsky I. V., Mirebeau I., Sakhnenko V. P. et al. Evolution of the magnetic phase transition in MnO confined to channel type matrices:  eutron diffraction study // Physical Review. 2005. B72. P. 144409-1—144409-5. 2. Fokin A. V., Kumzerov Yu. A., Naberezhnov A. A. et al. Temperature Evolution ...

• Russian Exclave on the Baltic Sea: Evolution of Exclavity and Ways to Overcome It

  The author considers peculiarities of the emergence and evolution of exclavity of the Kaliningrad region. The article analyses the influence of exclavity on the connections of the region with the Russian mainland, its economic development, exclave administration, and Kaliningrad identity and examines the ways ...

• Categorization as a basic cognitive procedure

  The article provides an overview of the existing theories of categorization and their critical analysis categorization is a basic cognitive process, providing a basis for a variety of cognitive activities. The author tracks down the evolution of different theories of categorization and their interpretation. 1.  Борисов В.   Н. О смысле категории усия в философии Аристотеля . URL: http://filosof. historic. ru/books/item/f00/s00/z0000199/index....

• The transition process and institutions: on the issue of the standard of living in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe — members of the European Union

  ... Economics, RAS (In Russ.). 19. Bazhan, A. I. 2019, Economic Growth in the EU and Visegrad group, Sovremennaya Evropa [Contemporary Europe], no. 7, p. 72—81. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/soveurope720197281 (In Russ.). 20. Chetverikova, A. S. 2020, Evolution of the Investment Cooperation between the Countries of the Visegrad Group and Russia. Sovremennaya Evropa [Contemporary Europe], no. 2, p. 90—99. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/soveurope22020909 (In Russ.). 21. Korovitsyna, N. V. 2019, Kak ...

• Linguocultural Transfer: Memplexes in the Anglo-Saxon Tradition

  This article considers information transfer in time and space. Following the scientific ideas of the evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins, the author draws a parallel between ideas and the evolution of genes. Such a parallel is represented by a cultural replicator — the meme, which affects the preservation of an individual’s ideas. The process of copying and transferring non-genetic information in time and space is never perfect. Mutations ...

• ‘Genuine criticism’: An unknown reception of Kant’s philosophy in early works of Schopenhauer

  ... philosophy. The crucial influence of this polemic and Kant’s works on the development of Schopenhauer’s philosophy is stressed. The author investigates Schopenhauer’s reception of the above aspects of Kant’s philosophy in 1811—1813 and its later evolution. For this purpose, the author addresses Schopenhauer’s manuscripts (early philosophical aphorisms and comments and marginal notes on Kant’s works, etc.), as well as the first edition of Schopenhauer’s doctoral dissertation On the Fourfold ...

• Finland’s policy towards the USSR in the 1980s—at the beginning of the 1990s in the Finnish historiography

  The article is a review of the body of literature published in Finland dur­ing the 1990s — 2010s, describing the evolution of Finland's foreign policy to­wards the USSR in the last decade of the Cold War. The author identifies chronological stages of the study of Finland’s policy towards the Soviet Union and analyses the most relevant themes, which were the subject ...

• EU — Russia energy cooperation: major development trends and the present state

  The article analyzes the development of EU — Russia energy relations through the lens of the evolution of three parameters: the political agenda (the Energy Dialogue), the institutional structure, and the legal modalities. The identification of these three aspects for assessing the evolution of EU — Russia energy relations is the novelty in ...

• Evolution of International Research Cooperation models in the Contemporary Foreign Policy Environment

  This article focuses on the principle models of international research and academic cooperation. The author divides international academic cooperation into periods and analyses the evolution of the connection between foreign policy and international cooperation in education and research aimed at raising the prestige and improving the position of a state in the international arena. The author focuses on the non-linear nature of periods ...

• Russian Population Ethnic Structure: Trends and Transformations

  Based on the census data from 1989, 2002 and 2010, the article analyzes the evolution of the ethnic structure of the population of the post-Soviet Russia from the territorial perspective. The stability of the ethnic structure of the “Russian mega nucleus” and indigenization of the national regions are considered in view of ...

• Studies into the history of Russian Neo-Kantianism in Poland

  ... Wwiedienskiego spor o Spinoze [Vladimir Solovev and Alexander Vvedensky polemic on Spinoza] // Logos i Ethos [Logos and Ethos]. № 1, p. 233—240. 82. Obolevitch T. 2012 (c), W strone ontologizmu. Ewolucja tworcza Siemiona Franka [Towards ontologism. Creative evolution on Semyon Frank] // Postneokantyzm — ontologizm / pod red. B. Czardybon, L. Augustyna, M. Bohuna. Estetyka i Krytyka [Post-neo-Kantianism —ontologism / eds. B. Czardybon, L. Augustyn, M. Bohun. Aesthetics and Criticism]. № 26, p. 259—274....

• Development factors and regularities of the territorial structure of nature management

  ... Pskov regions serve as good examples for comparison of the main trends and patterns of the territorial agricultural structure as the most dynamic type of nature management. The territorial structure of agriculture in the regions and the factors of its evolution are considered on the example of two historical periods (1975—80 and 2016—17). In the Pskov region, the continued decline in the area of cultivated land, the transition from focal to small-scale and dispersed types of nature use was noted....

• Baroque music: the aesthetic and social ideals

  This article analyses the evolution of aesthetic ideals of baroque as the reflection of changes that took place in social consciousness. The author formulates the content standards of aesthetic ideal of baroque music and focuses on the history of spread of baroque music in East ...

• The evolution of the Russian and foreign state and law. The 80th anniversary of the Department of History of State and Law of the Ural State Law University (1936—2016): collection of articles : in 4 vol. / ed. prof. A. S. Smykalina. Ekaterinburg : Ural ...

  The article analyses one of the largest synoptic publications in the field of history and theory of state and law, published in Russia. The author describes many methodology research schools of Russian jurisprudence and explores their differences and similarities with international research tradition. Lonskaya S. V. history of state and law, research schools, theory and methodology of law 97-100

• Lithuanian energy policy in 1990—2009 and the prospects of its development until 2020

  This article considers the key stages of Lithuanian energy evolution since 1990 and the factors that affected the strategy of Lithuanian energy sector development in the period of preparation and accession to the European Union. The author offers the estimations and general strategic recommendations regarding ...

• The Institutional Architecture of Territorial Innovative Systems: Towards a Spatially Targeted Regional Policy

  ... Options. 2004. Febr. P. 39—44. 15. Brette O., Chappoz Y. The French competitiveness clusters: Toward a new public policy for innovation and research? // J. of Economic Issues. 2007. № 41 (2). P. 391—398. 16. Butler J. E., Hansen G. S. Network evolution, entrepreneurial success, and regional development // Entrepreneurship and Regional Development. 1991. № 3 (1). P. 1—16. 17. Caramani D. Comparative Politics. Oxford University Press, 2017. P. 605. 18. Carayannis E. G., Campbell D. F. J....

• The boundaries of the territorial community

  ... industrial complexes. L., 1994. P. 288. 45. Chorda I. M. Towards the maturity stage: An insight into the performance of French technopoles // Technovation. 1996. № 16(3). P. 143—152. 46. Cooke P. From Technopoles to Regional Innovation Systems: The Evolution of Localised Technology Development Policy // Canadian Journal of Regional Science. 2001. № 24(1). P. 21—40. 47. Czamanski S., Czamanski D. Industrial complexes: Their typology, structure and relation to Regional development // Papers of ...

• The problem of conflict in the works of Pyotr Kapterev

  The article presents Pyotr Kapterev's views of on the problem of conflict relationships in the education process. The author traces the evolution of Russian pedagogical conflict resolution studies. 1. Каптерев П.   Ф. Детская и возрастная психология. М.: МОДЭК, 1999. 2. Каптерев П.   Ф. Задачи и основы семейного ...

• Indirect translation: Main trends in practice and research

  ... processesas well as the profile of ITr researchers. The where question relates to the spatial dimension of ITr as well as to the geographic spread of ITr research. The when question concerns the time coordinates of ITr practice as well as the diachronic evolution of ITr studies. The why questions looks into the motivations for ITr and into the historical neglect in the Translation Studies discipline. Finally, the how question considers selected details of ITr processes as well as the methods used in ...

• The female images in Hoffmann's The Serapion Brethren novella cycle

  The female images in E. T. A. Hoffmann's cycle "The Serapion brethren" are compared to those traditional for German romanticism. The author emphasises the general romantic features of the female image and traces its evolution from the classical to ironical and parody ones. 1.   Tieck L . Phantasus . B ., 1839. Bd .   4. 2.  Гофман Э.   Т.   А. Собр. соч.: в 6 т. М ., 1998. 3.  Asche   S. Die Liebe, der Tod und das Ich im Spiegel der ...

• Some characteristics of functioning of the ecosystem “predator-victim” on the basis of the data of the Kaliningrad region

  Quantitative mechanisms of development and functioning of ecosystems, which can be decrypted by the constructing models, which are the integrated method to represent, both evolution this systems, and relations between them are determined. 1.  Барабашев А. Г. Будущее математики. Методологические аспекты прогно­зирования. М., 1991. 2.  Вольтерра ...

• On the problem of semiosis in the borrowed sign

  The data of empirical research of the borrowed sign evolution are ana-lyzed in the article. The study focuses on"creativity"as an Anglo-American borrowing. Reversive nature of semiotic process, typical for interpretation of borrowed words — from sign to it’s meaning, from signifiant to signifie ...

• A geoecological analysis of the impact of meteorological factors on the forests of the Kaliningrad region

  This articles estimates the impact of changes in meteorological factors changes on the in dynamics of forest phytomass and oxygen evolution in the forests of the Kaliningrad region in 1960—2010. The authors make conclusions regarding the environment shaping significance of forests based on calculation data. 1. Григорьев В. А., Огородников И. А. Экологизация ...

• Structure of Production and Management of Agricul¬tural and Industrial Sector of Kaliningrad Region in Historical Evolution (1945-1993)

  The article is dedicated to the structural change in the management of the agricultural and industrial sector in the Kaliningrad region that took place in the Soviet times under the influence of both technical innovations and the change in the policy line. 1.  Гальцова С.   П. Основные этапы развития сельского хозяйства Калинин­градской области (1945—1980) // Северо-Запад в аграрной истории России: сб. науч. тр. Калининград: Изд-во КГУ, 1985. 2.  Государственная аграрная политика в России...

• On asymptotic expression for velocity field of atmosphere gas perturbed by 1D acoustic wave

  ... do­mains. The explicit expressions for vertical velocity are built by the stationary phase method considering z as large parameter. The resulting formulas can be used to calculate the ionospheric effect by the explicit formula for electron den­sity evolution. This set of explicit relations form a base for a quick algorithm for early diagnostics of tsunami waves. Smirnova E. S. acoustics, atmosphere, multilayer model, tsunami, boundary regime problem 11-19

• M. Mendelssohn im epistolaren Nachlass von I. Kant

  The author shows the importance of the analysis of Kant's epistolary heritage in the reconstruction of the evolution process of German Classic philosophy. This article defines the role of Moses Mendelsohn, Kant's letters to whom became a turning point in the works of the great German philosopher, in the context of this heritage. 1. Гулыга А. В. Кант....

• Colour symbolism in the Russian and English languages

  ... международной символики и эмблема­тики. М ., 1995. 6.  Bennett T.   J.   A. Aspects of English Colour Collocations and Idioms. Heidel­berg, 1988. 7.  Berlin B., Key P. Basic Colour Terms: their Universality and Evolution. Los An­geles, 1969. 8.  The Dictionary of Phrase and Fable by E. Cobham Brewer. L ., 1971. Bolotina M. A., Shabasheva E. A. . phraseology, symbolism, colour terms, colour collocations, comparative analysis 7-12

• The concept of time in the late poetical cycles of R. M. Rilke and B. Pasternak: back to mythological sources

  This article presents the key results of an analysis of time concepts in poetic cycles of R.M. Rilke and B. Pasternak. The author emphasises the isomorphism of evolution of ideas of time in the late works of the poets. 1. Бушман И. Н. Пастернак и Рильке (Из работы на тему «Немецкая поэзия и творчество Пастернака») // Сборник ...