Innovative factors and conditions of sustainable development of rural territories
This article considers the main features of sustainable development of rural territories, identifies the factors of innovative entrepreneurship, and assesses their influence on the condition of rural economy. Special attention is paid to the analysis of concepts, programmes, and projects in the field of rural territory development. The authors summarise conceptual and strategic approaches and actions of the Baltic region states in the field of sustainable development of rural territories. The article...
Internet diffusion and interregional digital divide in Russia: trends, factors, and the influence of the pandemic
... and accessibility in terms of connection costs and subscription fees [21], [22];
2. The ability of residents to use digital technologies: digital literacy, competencies, the ability to order goods, services, etc. [23];
3. The ability of residents and entrepreneurs to use the Internet for commercial purposes: placing online orders, Internet banking, electronic commerce (e-commerce), etc. [24], [25].
Most of the studies are devoted to one of these levels [26]. The high availability of technology may ...
The development of regional aspects of theory of entrepreneurship
This article analyses major approaches to the development of entrepreneurship theory relating to its regional aspects. The author emphasizes the need and describes the possibility of applying interdisciplinary approach to the development of regional aspects of entrepreneurship theory. The theoretical assumptions and conclusions presented in the article can be used in research on theory of entrepreneurship and the preparation of training, methodological, and research literature.
1. Бильчак...
Spatial development of network entrepreneurial structures of the service industry: a methodology for selecting towns for opening new outlets
This article deals with the phenomenon of genesis and development of network forms in entrepreneurship. Special attention is given to the spatial organization of network entrepreneurial structure’s economic activity under the conditions of geographic broadening of the network interaction scope. The author offers methods of town selection in the process of planning and development of network entrepreneurial structures in terms of locating new retail outlets of chain stores.
Болычев О. Н...
The border as a barrier and an incentive for the structural economic transformation of the Kaliningrad exclave
... semi-finished products and the export of the resulting products to the mainland, provided a certain level of value-added, ranging from 15 % to 30 %, was achieved. The rouble devaluation in 1998 increased the attractiveness of this business model for entrepreneurs [14].
The economic shifts that occurred in the Kaliningrad region in the first post-Soviet decade are more accurately described as a structural crisis rather than a restructuring. The main outcomes were the downsizing and, in some cases,...
Artificial Intelligence: a catalyst for entrepreneurship education in the Baltics
... “innovative entrepreneurship”, which focuses on the role of innovation in successful entrepreneurial activity. Entrepreneurial potential is considered using the model of the theory of planned behaviour that focuses on the planning and decision-making by the entrepreneur. Entrepreneurial efficiency is perceived through the theory of self-efficacy, which refers to how a person evaluates his/her own abilities and competencies in achieving goals.
Entrepreneurial thinking can be studied within the design thinking ...
Special legal business regimes in the Kaliningrad region
A distinctive feature of the legal regulation of entrepreneurship in the Kaliningrad region is the possibility for investors to use specific business regimes in the region using the legal preferences of the Special Economic Zone and the Special Administrative Region. The article examines the features of the applied special business regimes and periodization of their development. The author describes the tax benefits used by investors, subsidies for the development of the labor market, indicates...
Legal consequences of the bankruptcy of an individual entrepreneur
This article addresses the legal consequences of adjudicating an individual entrepreneur bankrupt. The author considers particularities of repayment of liabilities as compared to legal entities and examines relevant changes in the legislation. Legal consequences are divided into short-term ones effective during the bankruptcy ...
Structural Changes in the Economy of the Russian Northwest: Spatial Dimension
This paper identifies and explains the trends in the economic transformations in the Russian Northwest (NWFD). It studies the changes in the structure of the gross regional product (GRP) and economic specialization of the NWFD regions. The authors suggest approaches to managing structural changes in the economies of the NWFD regions. The authors propose a new method for the identification of the regional economic specialization on the basis of the reginal economy sectoral development rate. The article...
The geopolitical effect of the maritime factor on the spatial development of post-Soviet Russia: the Baltic case
... turbulent events of 2014 and 2015 (Table 3). The same diversity in reaction was observed during the COVID-19 restriction and the situational degradation of global markets crucial for Russian exports.
Dynamics of taxable income of individuals and individual entrepreneurs in selected key municipalities of Russia’s maritime hubs, million roubles
Municipality
2013
2014
2015
2015/2013
2019
2020
2021
2021/2019
2021/2013
In per mille of the natioal total
2013
2021
2021/2013
Russian Baltic region
Kaliningrad
...
On economic well-being and current measures to support small businesses in agriculture in the Kaliningrad region
... enterprises. The region has a large-scale program to support farmers, including both financial and non-financial instruments. At the same time, it is necessary to assess not only support measures, but also the economic well-being of local agricultural entrepreneurs in a dynamically changing economic environment. With the help of expert interviews with local entrepreneurs, key problems faced by local producers were identified and certain practical tools were proposed that can provide a solution ...
Revisiting harm caused by illegal entrepreneurial activities
... and skills to carry out entrepreneurial activities. The State is taking a set of measures aimed at both stimulating the population to engage in entrepreneurship and creating the most comfortable conditions for its implementation. However, providing entrepreneurs with ample opportunities to accomplish their intentions, unfortunately, not only gave rise to such a phenomenon as illegal entrepreneurship, which is a deterrent to the further development of market relations, but also promoted the growth ...
The spread of the COVID-19 infection in Russia’s Baltic macro-region: internal differences
... transport
Hierarchical diffusion (classical, along land routes)
Comment
St. Petersburg
At least 30 % of employees of city executive bodies moved to remote work, along with people over 65 and with chronic conditions employed by organisations and private entrepreneurs
None
Penalty for the first violation is an administrative fine of 4,000 roubles; for repeated violations or those on public transport, 5,000 roubles
Leningrad region
Employees over 65 years moved to remote work
Individuals driving across ...
On the dynamics of economic activity and its impact on the budgetary stability of municipalities of the Kaliningrad region
Municipalities of the Kaliningrad region are increasingly differentiated in the pace and nature of their socio-economic development in the paradigm of the center-peripheral model. The economic center and the coastal zone bordering on it are increasingly pulling together economic and human resources, increasing the risks of sustainable functioning of the eastern peripheral municipalities. This also applies to the entrepreneurial activity of the population, expressed in the number of operating SMEs...
Studying social innovation in rural areas through the prism of sciencometics
The study examines the spatial and temporal distribution of global scientific knowledge on social innovation in rural areas. It is possible to assess the scientific productivity of a particular thematic area using the methods of scientometrics, which make it possible to compare the achievements of countries, regions and individual researchers, as well as to organize data on the information flow of scientific publications. The Scopus abstract database was taken as the data source, and the VOSviewer...
Ports of Eastern Baltic and Russian transit policy: competition and cooperation
The ports of the Baltic states have been handling Russian cargoes for many years. Thus, there is no apparent need for Russia to reroute all freight flows to domestic ports. It was not long ago that Eastern Baltic ports were regarded as ordinary competitors, however, the current geopolitical situation has drastically reshaped the framework for transport cooperation in the region. Competition and cooperation strategies are often equally viable for the ports in the Eastern Baltic Sea. Yet volatility...
Entrepreneurial capital of the region: the concept, manifestations and spatial localisation
An important element of the explanation why an entrepreneur carries out high-risk transactions is the evaluation and analysis of her or his inner qualities. Thus, there is a need to identify the connection between entrepreneurial risk and capital. At the regional level, there is an ongoing academic ...
3.0 University: legislative framework for innovative entrepreneurship
This article describes a legislative framework for a new model of higher education institutions, oriented towards business and innovation. The author offers practical recommendations for the development of competitive socioentrepreneurial innovation-based universities. It is shown that the new generation university should be formed on the basis of the socio-entrepreneurial ideology.
1. Антонова А. Великобритания: новый Закон о компаниях. Основные...
Country Competitiveness: an Empirical Study
What makes countries competitive? What economic policies effectively influence country competitiveness? The aim of this research paper is to analyse country competitiveness empirically, in order to explore the factors that make countries competitive. This can allow governments to structure their business environment differently, and to elaborate strategies aimed at improving their countries’ overall competitiveness. Economic size and trading conditions have proven important for economic success...
On the governance of enterprenueral activity
The purpose of this scientific research is to clarify two basic concepts of the theory of competition — ‘entrepreneur’ and ‘entrepreneurial activity’. To do this, the article makes a detailed comparative analysis of how these concepts are defined in the modern domestic theory of entrepreneurship, and on the basis of this, a conclusion is drawn about ...
Small and medium public-private enterprises in the Brest region of the Republic of Belarus: performance and characteristics
This article analyses the performance of small and medium public-private enterprises in the Brest region of the Republic of Belarus in 2010—2014. The authors examine the legislative and normative framework for the development of national small and medium enterprises and addresses problems of their development in different regions of the country.
1. Амунц Д. М. Государственно-частное партнерство // Справочник руководителя. 2005. №...
The unification of economic activity concepts in education: the legal aspect
This article analyses civil and educational legislation as to the use of concepts pertaining to economic activities in education. Special attention is paid to the concepts of economic, entrepreneurial, and profit generating activities, as well as the criteria of its implementation in the field of education. The author emphasizes the need to standardize these concepts in the framework legislation.
1. Об образовании в Российской Федерации : федеральный закон...
Methodological approaches to studying the socio-psychological aspects of business activities
... понятия. Тюмень, 2004.
3. Шумпетер Й. Теория экономического развития. М., 1982.
Puryzhova L
entrepreneurship, motivation, economic activity, motives for entrepreneurship, psychological characteristics of entrepreneur, social and psychological aspects of entrepreneurship, function of entrepreneurial motive.
29-33
Approaches to entrepreneurship development through assessing the validity of economic knowledge
This article emphasizes the need to develop methodologies through applying valid economic knowledge within research approaches used in writing final and PhD theses in order to apply this knowledge in the development of entrepreneurship in the context of model approaches. The proposed methodological approach in the field of economic education contributes to the training of highly qualified specialists in economics.
1. Бродель Ф. Материальная цивилизация, экономика...
Inter-organizational networks as seen by western economic sociology: An analysis of theoretical approaches
This paper analyses theoretical approaches to studying interorganizational networks offered in foreign economic sociology. The authors describe main conceptual problems, the key aspects of network form of interorganizational interaction, and embeddedness effects.
1. Alter C., Hage J. Organizations working together. Newbury Park, 1993.
2. Benson K. J. The Interorganizational Network as a Political Economy // Administrative Science Quarterly. 1975. Vol. 20, № 2. P. 229—249.
3. Bourdieu P. The...
Some Problems of Legal Treatment of Special Economic Zone in the Kaliningrad Region
The article analyses the controversial provisions of the Law on Special Economic Zone in the Kaliningrad region and requirements to the residents of the Special Economic Zone. The author points out some problems of the practical application of special entrepreneurship regime faced by the residents.
1
. Об Особой
экономической зоне в Калининградской области и о внесении изменений в некоторые законодательные...
Concept of managing development of regional infrastructure for small innovative entrepreneurship
The author substantiates conceptual approach to regional infrastructure for small innovative entrepreneurship and logical information model for construction of such program.
1.
Деменок В.
В., Саванович А.
В.
Организационный аспект генерирования малых инновационных предприятий // Вестник Российского государственного университета им. И. Канта. 2008. №...
On Sources and Mechanisms of Coastal Area Self-development
This article analyses the sources and mechanisms of economic self-development of coastal border territories. The example of the Kaliningrad region proves that the main internal catalyst of regional economic development is entrepreneurship functioning on the basis of genetic-cultural determination. The author comes to the conclusion that an efficient regional economic policy aimed at the increase in the region’s competitiveness should rest, first of all, on the development of intellectual capital...
The Baltic Sea region and increasing international tension
... attended the 4th meeting of the leaders of China and the countries of Central and Eastern Europe], 2015, Russian.news.cn, available at: http://russian.news.cn/2015-11/25/c_134851187_2.htm (accessed 21.01.2016).
22. Prime Minister urges Chinese entrepreneurs to strengthen cooperation with Latvia, 2015, Latvia-China Business Council, available at: http://www.latviachina. eu/en/aktuali/prime-minister-urges-chinese-entrepreneurs-to-strengthen-cooperation- with-latvia/66/ (accessed 21.01.2016).
...
The prospects of entrepreneurship in the formation of new hi-tech markets in the Baltic Sea region
The article offers an analytical review of the prospects for the formation of new hi-tech markets in the Baltic Sea region with the participation of small and medium businesses. In view of the essential features of entrepreneurship, its prospects in the development and implementation of innovations seem to be quite attractive. However, in the current economic context, growth requires special measures. The authors analyse the measures taken by the European Union and individual countries in order to...
Clusters in the institutional perspective: on the theory and methodology of local socioeconomic development
This article addresses the problem of definition and identification of clusters as localized mesoeconomic systems with fuzzy boundaries that stimulate the development of these systems. The author analyses the influence of the inductive approach to the formation of cluster theory and juxtaposes different typologies of clusters and other types of localized economic systems. The article offers an overview of the existing methodological approaches to the problem of cluster identification and emphasises...
Strategic development of a university in the Russian exclave
The article focuses on key characteristics of modern universities (global, scientific and entrepreneurial) ones. The authors discuss prospects of the strategic development of the university in the Russian exclave.
1.
Aleksandrov D.
Uchenye bez nauki. Institucional'nyj analiz sfery // Publichnye lekcii na «Polit. ru».
[online] Available at: < http://www.polit. ru/science/2006/03/ 06/ aleksandrov. html > [Accessed 5 July 2010]
2.
Dezhina, I., Kiseleva, V.
2007...
The modern economy of Russia’s Baltic regions in the municipal context
... income levels of the population, and business activities. It is shown that over the ten years from 2012 to 2021, municipalities in the Kaliningrad region became more homogeneous in terms of the level of taxable income for individuals and individual entrepreneurs. In contrast, in the Leningrad Region, the level of differentiation remained unchanged, albeit with diverse income trends across municipalities.
The study highlights municipalities’ specialization as a factor influencing changes in ...
Knowledge and innovation dynamics of the Northwest Russia under geopolitical changes
Over the past 25 years, Russia has faced several economic and geopolitical challenges, including the 2008 global financial crisis, sanctions imposed in 2014, and the COVID-19 pandemic. To remain resilient in the face of these challenges, Russia needs to adopt a flexible development strategy and transition to a new path of development. This transition requires the development of new knowledge-intensive industries, expansion into promising markets, strengthening trade and economic partnerships, and...
Spatial differentiation of rural territories in the Kaliningrad region: implications for socio-economic policies
... 2023, Rosstat, URL:
https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/210/document/13204
(accessed 15.06.2023).
Agricultural production dynamics in the Kaliningrad region by producer type, 2022 on 2005, %
Type of produce
Organisations
Smallholdings
Farms and individual entrepreneurs
Total
Grain (after cleaning and drying), 1,000 tonnes
299
468
194
280
Potato, 1,000 tonnes
374
52
245
96
Vegetables, 1,000 tonnes
430
37
573
83
Meat (dressed weight), 1,000 tonnes
510
50
139
370
Milk, 1,000 tonnes
342
64
138
174
Eggs, million
...
Economic development of Russia’s north-western regions and migration to the St. Petersburg agglomeration
... population densities in developing countries cause environmental degradation, problems with health care and education [7]. For developed countries, mathematical simulations have demonstrated that liberalization of commerce causes the least efficient entrepreneurs to concentrate in agglomerations. This explains the growth of poor neighborhoods in agglomerations in developed countries [8].
A more favourable development trend is observed in the Nordic countries, where agglomerations are relatively small ...
Reputation and status in Denmark’s strategic culture
The primary objective of the article is to evaluate the significance of status and allied reputation within Denmark’s strategic culture. Amongst Danish international relations scholars, there is a well-established notion that one of the key motivations for the use of military force in Danish foreign policy was the aspiration to cultivate special relations with the United States and achieve the status of a privileged ally. This status would confirm guarantees for Denmark’s national security, provide...
Russophone immigration to Finland: new forms, trends, and consequences
... Immigration from without the EU — from Russia and other former Soviet countries — has, however, an even greater potential. Non-EU immigration falls into several categories — from seasonal labour migration to the relocation of top specialists and entrepreneurs. Currently, family reunions, marriages, and student and labour migration account for most migration from Russia to Finland. This article attempts to study immigration to Finland from neighbouring countries, primarily from Russia. The result ...
Response of the Lithuanian municipalities to the First Wave of COVID-19
... of outdoor cafes, the practice, which was observed by global media. According to the research findings, the actions of municipal authorities can be successful, as municipalities are closer to the residents and can respond to their needs and those of entrepreneurs more quickly and flexibly. The approval of COVID-19 management action plans by municipalities has contributed to the narrative of recovery and hope.
Dvorak J.
local authorities, action plan, COVID-19, economic policy measures, quarantine
...
International heritage in the memorial landscape of the Kaliningrad region
... installation was initiated by the administration of the Immanuel Kant Russian State University (now Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University) and the Consulate General of the Republic of Lithuania. The project was funded by a private benefactor, the poet and entrepreneur Boris Bartfeld.
The university past of the city is also commemorated by the monument to professors of the University of Königsberg, which was erected in 2014 on the site of the former Albertina Professors’ Necropolis. The monument is shaped ...
The impact of the food embargo on consumer preferences and cross-border practices in the Kaliningrad region
... niches. Until 2014, the practice of buying products under embargo was more common among the region’s residents aged 25—54 years in good or very good financial standing. In terms of their occupation, these were experts and managers (chief executives, entrepreneurs, heads of departments). The low popularity of such practices among military and law enforcement personnel seems understandable as there are restrictions on their cross-border travel.
Spatial differentiation in the importance of “sanctioned” ...
Small towns of Latvia: disparities in regional and urban development
... To make the data comparable, standardised values of eight different indicators are used, each indicator weighted according to importance (Table 1).
TDI indicators and their weight for Latvian towns
TDI indicator
Weight
Economically active individual entrepreneurs and businesses per 1,000 population
0.25
Unemployment rate, %
0.15
Poverty rate, %
0.1
Crimes per 1,000 population
0.05
Net natural increase per 1,000 population
0.1
Long-term net migration per 1,000 population
0.1
Post-working age population ...
Lifestyles of Kaliningrad youth
... Issled, № 11, p. 36—47 (in Russ.).
28. Kharchenko, V. S. 2014, The Lifestyle of Russian Freelancers: A Sociological Analysis, Sotsiologicheskie Issled, № 4, p. 54—63 (in Russ.).
29. Poliakov, S. 2021, Careers and lifestyles of young cultural entrepreneurs in St. Petersburg, Creative Industries Journal, vol. 14, № 3, p. 269—282,
https://doi.org/10.1080/17510694.2020.1848267
.
30. Il’in, V. I. 2007, Byt i bytie molodezhi rossiiskogo megapolisa. Sotsial’naya strukturatsiya povsednevnosti ...
Adapting regional strategies to the new non-resource export development target
In the radically new economic conditions of 2020, the Government of the Russian Federation selected supporting non-resource and non-energy exports as one of the four factors of sustainable economic growth. Achieving this target is a challenge, but the absence of sufficient conditions for a systemic diversification of Russian exports also poses a substantial problem. This situation lends urgency to developing a methodology for the normative institutional reflection of non-resource non-energy targets...
The marine component of human geography studies in Post-Soviet Russia: key trends and development priorities
Originated in the 1960s, the ‘marine branch’ of Soviet, and later Russian, economic and social geography contributed to the diversification of geographical science and expanded its scope. The new branch was a product of the rapid growth of the marine economy and the country’s military infrastructure and settlement system starting to gravitate towards the world ocean. This article uses bibliographical and scientometric materials to explore the factors, features and priorities of the development...
Center-peripheral dimension of innovative security in the Western border regions of Russia (the case of the Rostov region)
The article is devoted to studying the territorial patterns of the formation of an innovative space and ensuring innovation security at a municipal level. The geography of the study covers the municipalities of the Rostov region. The analysis of some indicators of innovative activity characterizing the level of provision of residents and small and medium-sized businesses of municipalities in the region with financial and information and communication services, supporting the entrepreneurial infrastructure...
Valuating the appropriation of digital technologies across Russian regions
The COVID-19 pandemic has proved a powerful catalyst for the integration of digital technologies in everyday life. Many digital routines have replaced the traditional ones relating to purchasing goods and services, information exchange, movement, document issuance, or scheduling medical appointments. Despite technology proliferating through society, the digital divide is widening. The place of residence is a factor affecting the involvement in digitalisation, along with age, education, income, and...
The remaking of geopolitical space and institutional transformations: the case of the Baltic Region
....22394/1726-1139-2019-4-107-113
(in Russ.).
21. Kasekamp, A. 2010, A History of the Baltic States, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire. doi:
https://doi.org/10.30965/25386565-01701020
.
22. Wezel, K. 2017, Transcending boundaries: Riga’s Baltic German entrepreneurs in an era of nationalism, revolution, and war, Journal of Baltic Studies, vol. 48, no. 1, p. 39—54. doi:
https://doi.org/1010.1080/01629778.2016.1269434
.
23. O’Connor, K. 2003, The History of the Baltic States, Westport.
24. North,...
Innovative development of rural settlements of the Leningrad region
The geography of modern innovation processes increasingly covers not only megalopolises and large industrial cities, but also rural areas. The issue of innovative development of the countryside has acquired particular prominence in the context of securing human capital and preventing the marginalization of rural settlements, though creating a favorable environment for life and business in particular. At the initial stage, the innovation of rural areas is associated with the diffusion and implementation...
The theme of Old Believers in the works of Alexander Kuprin: discussion and study prospects
This article clarifies the significance of the phenomenon of Old Belief in the artistic heritage of A. Kuprin. The sources of Old Believer images in the writer's work, as well as their influence on the plot of his works, are investigated. A hypothesis is put forward about the significant influence of L. Tolstoy and A. Chekhov on the formation of the author's idea of old-timers. The thesis of the crucial importance of stereotypes ingrained in the people for the perception of Russian Old Believers...