Modern trends in paradiplomacy: a case of Russian-Finnish regional cooperation
... understanding of paradiplomacy has become firmly established in academic literature following the publication of the works by Panagiotis Soldatos and Ivo Duhacek. According to them, paradiplomacy is an international activity of sub-national actors (regions, cities) that is “parallel to, often co-ordinated with, complementary to, and sometimes in conflict with their central governments’ diplomacy [3, p. 48]. Duhacek further developed the concept of paradiplomacy by identifying the following types of subnational ...
Population change and the settlement system transformation in Poland, as revealed by the 2021 census
... Southern and Central Poland; the second mainly consists of eastern voivodeships. The population decline in Eastern Poland is gathering pace: the 2021 census shows, a more or less favourable geodemographic situation is observed only in the main eastern cities and their environs. This state of affairs is largely due to the Polish government deliberately halting cooperation with Russia and Belarus, including cross-border collaborations. Yet, this decision seems to create more problems for Poland than ...
National urban policy in Russia and the European experience
... proposals for further development of the Russian NUP. To this end, the study examines international (particularly German) documents and publications on NUP and the Russian regulatory framework. The COVID-19 pandemic has drawn attention to the resilience of cities to crises and the development of urban green spaces. Germany’s current NUP, adopted in 2007, stands out for its complexity and congruence with regional policy. The principal NUP document in Russia is the Spatial Development Strategy. However,...
Coastal and western border centers in the system of large cities of modern Russia: socio-economic and innovation development.
The article reflects the results of a study of large Russian cities (with a population of more than 100 thousand people, as well as smaller cities with the status of regional capitals), emphasizing two strategically important groups: coastal centers and cities of the Western borderlands of Russia. Having applied ...
Comparative analysis of the territorial support frame of settlement in coastal areas: the case of St. Petersburg and Kaliningrad regions
... the territorial support frames of settlement in the two regions and the current conditions of settlement system development.
To this end, the following objectives are attained:
— to examine theoretical approaches to the core-periphery analysis of cities and describe the role of coastal regions;
— to carry out a comparative analysis of the established elements of territorial support frames of settlement in the St. Petersburg metropolitan agglomeration and the Kaliningrad region;
— to analyse ...
Reputation core of Russian authorities: the case of the regional level of executive power
The importance of studying the reputation of authorities is connected, on the one hand, with the formation of a consolidated system of political power and, on the other hand, with the highly social orientation of the category of the ‘reputation of authorities’, reflecting the value-based attitude of citizens towards them. The article presents the results of research aimed at the analysis of the reputation of Russian authorities, with a special focus on the regional branch of executive power....
The effect of cross-border fibre-optic transitions on the information and communication connectivity of the Russian cities
The Russian cities are connected by many telecommunication lines. The information flow between any two cities can be sent via multiple routes, including those running through the networks of other countries. Cross-border transitions are created to connect the Russian ...
The Tourist and Recreation Potential of Historical Cities in North-West Russia
In recent years, the development of historical cities has been high on research agenda. This is explained by the growing role of tourism and recreation in socioeconomic development and the persisting problem of the national economy’s spatial organisation amidst the absence of a clear-cut regional ...
Economic development of Russia’s north-western regions and migration to the St. Petersburg agglomeration
... regions’ economic success. St. Petersburg’s higher economic efficiency compared to Moscow and Helsinki was a result of greater investments in manufacturing.
Introduction
Russia’s population is not growing, yet its concentration in major cities, primarily Moscow, St. Petersburg, and regional hubs, is on the rise. This trend is prevalent in both developing and developed nations. Urban agglomerations offer a notable advantage in terms of heightened innovation activity. These agglomerations ...
Small towns of Latvia: disparities in regional and urban development
... large-scale empirical data characterising the development of all small towns in Latvia, the authors attempt to identify the reasons for the disparity in the development rate of small towns in Latvia. The index of territorial development of regions, cities and rural settlements was developed and has been tested by the State Agency for Regional Development of Latvia since 2013. The data collected were then analysed taking into account the geographical location of small towns. The research showed that ...
Semi-Medium-Sized cities of North-West Russia as drivers for regional development
The article discusses the semi-medium-sized cities (with a population from 20 to 50 thousand people) and their functions in five regions of the North-West Federal District of the Russian Federation; the socio-economic areas formed by the semi-medium-sized cities are clearly represented. As an example,...
The comparative aspects of breeding bird fauna in Kaliningrad and other European cities
The article offers and an analysis of breeding bird fauna of Kaliningrad incomparison to Polish and one Lithuania cities. A total of 168 species breed in the cities under consideration, 94 (57.7 %) of them are common for all cities. Jacquard's diversity index was used to assess the dependence of species compositionon the geographical location in 10 European cities....
The two-party tendency in Poland’s political system: manifestations, causes and prospects
... majority of sejmik seats: PiS in six regions, PO in one.
Of large importance is the two parties’ visible, albeit asymmetric, participation in local governance. PiS traditionally underperforms in local elections, while PO enjoys huge support in big cities. Six of Poland’s ten largest cities have been governed by PO mayors: Gdańsk uninterruptedly for twenty years; Warsaw and Lublin since 2006; Łódź and Bydgoszcz since 2010; Poznań since 2014. The capital is a special case: PO has been in power ...
Sustainable development of the city territorial capital: adaptive policy through the geography of knowledge
... the production process, it is more appropriate to consider the knowledge generation at the level of a city where the city is the most important urbanized scientific regional centre. This study aims to assess the territorial distribution of Russian cities by their ability to generate new scientific knowledge with the subsequent development of recommendations for managing their territorial capital as the basis of competitiveness. For Russia, the solution to this problem is most relevant in the ...
Twin cities: a new form of cross-border cooperation in the Baltic Sea Region?
... movement as a form of cross-border cooperation in the Baltic region. This phenomenon emerged as a result of a global tendency towards more active involvement of municipal units in international cooperation, on the one hand, and aspirations of frontier cities and towns in the Baltic region to solve common problems together, on the other hand. This work is based on a comparative analysis method and a case study methodology. The authors consider four examples (city pairs): Tornio — Haparanda, Valga ...
The impact of the food embargo on consumer preferences and cross-border practices in the Kaliningrad region
... industry, staff shortage, etc. [10].
Berendeeva and Ratnikova have conducted a comparative study of the effects of changes in price and supply (substitution effects) [11]. They found that the trends differed in rural and urban areas. For example, in cities, the market for fruit and vegetables has undergone much more significant changes than in rural areas, where residents have their own gardens [11]. According to the researchers, the transformations in the capital regions also differed from those ...
Modern Hanseatic Trends in the Baltic Region
... and historical research on the strengths and weaknesses of the Hanseatic League. Unfortunately, in the 21st century, the Baltic region turned into a stage for geopolitical controversies. This took a toll on the efficiency of cooperation between the cities of Russia’s North-West and their Baltic counterparts. Therefore, it is important to seize the opportunities provided by the information society and focus on the innovative areas of regional cooperation. An interesting example is the partnership ...
Saint Petersburg as a Global Coastal City: Positioning in the Baltic Region
The Baltic region consists of coastal areas of nine countries — Russia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Germany, Denmark, Sweden, and Finland. The region’s hubs are the port cities located along the Baltic Sea coast. However, Peter Taylor and Saskia Sassen’s classification identifies higher status cities and ‘global cities’, which are to be considered in the global context. Seven coastal regions are distinguished within ...
The geopolitical effect of the maritime factor on the spatial development of post-Soviet Russia: the Baltic case
... attention to the changes to the localisation of Russia’s maritime economy efforts, brought about by the events of 2014 and 2022. Another focus is the effects of the coastalisation of population and the economic stability of the country’s coastal cities, particularly those situated in the Baltic region — the epicentre of today’s geopolitical tensions.
The maritime features of post-Soviet Russia’s maritime development and its major geopolitics-induced metamorphoses. Since the 16th century,...
The spread of the COVID-19 infection in Russia’s Baltic macro-region: internal differences
... introducing COVID-19 restrictions (Table 1) and media reports on local outbreaks.
A summary of COVID-19 response laws in Russia’s Baltic regions (01.01.2020—18.12.2021)
Region
Total number
of statutory
instruments (SI)
including
municipal ones
including cities
SIs mentioning
rotational
employment
SIs mentioning lockdown and related measures
St. Petersburg
803
None
None
0
9
Leningrad region
797
Over 550
Over 50
0
69
Kaliningrad region
572
Over 200
Over 200
0
82
Republic of Karelia
389
None
None
4
10
Pskov ...
Methods for assessing the quality of life of Russian urban youth
In this article, I carry out a critical analysis of the existing methods for assessing the quality of life of cities and propose a method for assessing Russian cities as experienced by youth. The main result of this study is a method that can be used by municipal authorities in preparing strategic planning documents. I conclude that the existing methods for ...
The Swedish institute’s scholarship policy as a soft power instrument
This paper examines how soft power, nation branding and academic cooperation came together in the scholarship policy pursued by the Swedish Institute (SI) from 1995 to 2023. An investigation of the organisation’s materials, scholarship statistics and feedback interviews with SI programme alumni suggests that the implementation of the scholarship policy was erratic during the study period. A comprehensive analysis of the Institute’s efforts was carried out to describe the relationship between...
Migration distances in Russia: a demographic profile of migrants
... number of relocations involving temporary resident registration in the total quantity of registered migration, whilst having no specific direction and being indistinguishable in terms of distance.
Movements between all Russian settlements, i. e. 2,300 cities and towns, and about 153,200 villages (however, according to the 2020 census, 24,800 of the latter were unpopulated). Using the geographical coordinates of each settlement, the Euclidean distance, which is the shortest distance between two points ...
Territorial structure of inbound and domestic tourism in the Baltic States
... Baltics and how it changed between 2009 and 2019.
The core includes a the capital (Riga, Latvia) and capital regions: Vilnius county (Lithuania) and Northern Estonia (Estonia).
The semi-peripheral regions differ in two respects. Some boast historical cities (Tartu in South Estonia) or major seaside and health resort (Druskininkai in Alytus County, Klaipėda in Klaipėda County, Jūrmala and Ķemeri in Pierīga); others have both. West Estonia, for example, is home to the resort town of Pärnu and ...
Coastal location as a development factor of the cities in the Baltic region
Population dynamics is one of the key categories of socio-economic development of territories. Cities, as the main carriers of innovative potential, need constant influx of human resources. The purpose of this article is to identify the nature of the influence of the cities’ coastal position on the dynamics of their population by the example ...
Countries of the Baltic Region in the Global Culinary Space
... compete. The author sets out to explore characteristic features of the culinary space of nine Baltic States as part of the global culinary space. The author uses empirical data on the number of restaurants serving different national cuisines in the main cities of the region. The Baltic culinary space incorporates the world’s leading cuisines (Italian, Japanese, Chinese, etc.) as well as the local cuisines of the BSR countries. The world’s leading cuisines prove to be more influential in the region ...
The abundance and territorial distribution of the Eurasian Coot (Fulica atra) and Common Moorhen (Gallinula chloropus) in Kaliningrad
... Экологический Атлас Калининграда. Калининград, 1999.
4. Лыков Е. Л., Гришанов Г. В. Атлас гнездящихся птиц Калининграда (в печати).
5. Witt K. Berlin // Birds in European cities / J. G. Kelcey, G. Reinwald (eds). St. Katharinen, 2005. P. 17—40.
6. Москвичев А. Н., Бородин О. В., Корепов М. В., Корольков М. А. Птицы города Ульяновска: видовой состав,...
On legislative innovations governing the citizenship institution in the Russian Federation
This article examines changes in the federal laws governing the institution of citizenship in the Russian Federation. Proposals on improving the existing legislation are made based on the analysis conducted.
1. Европейская конвенция о гражданстве от 6 ноября 1997 г. ETS № 166 [Электронный ресурс]. Доступ из справ.-правовой системы «КонсультантПлюс».
2. О гражданстве Российской...
The visa aspects of the academic mobility between the Russian Federation and the European Union: the experience of the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University
This article analyses different aspects of the EU-Russia academic mobility. The authors pay special attention to visa and migration registration issues faced by foreign citizens in Russia.
1. Soglashenie mezhdu Rossijskoj Federaciej i Evropejskim soobwestvom ob uprowenii vydachi viz grazhdanam Rossijskoj Federacii i Evropejskogo sojuza ot 25 maja 2006 g. [The agreement between the Russian Federation and the European
Community on the facilitation of issuance of visas to the citizens of the Russian...
The urban environment quality in the Leningrad region in 2018—2021
Since 2019, the Ministry of Construction, Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation has annually assessed the quality of the urban environment in more than 1,114 cities. The paper takes the case of the Leningrad region to consider a number of hypotheses about the correspondence between the Urban Environment Quality Index (UEQI) values, the city’s remoteness from agglomeration centers, population changes and ...
The coasts we live in: can there be a single definition for a coastal zone?
... of the coastal zone of the Baltic region. According to a broad definition, the Baltic macro-region is nearly all coastal and, consequently, all settlements are influenced by the coastalisation effect. We have studied urban population dynamics in 128 cities of 45 coastal regions through the lens of various characteristics of a coastal city — the distance from the sea (10, 50, 100, and 150 km), location in a coastal region (NUTS 2), availability of a port and its primary maritime activity (tankers,...
Innovative development of rural settlements of the Leningrad region
The geography of modern innovation processes increasingly covers not only megalopolises and large industrial cities, but also rural areas. The issue of innovative development of the countryside has acquired particular prominence in the context of securing human capital and preventing the marginalization of rural settlements, though creating a favorable environment ...
Trends in population change and the sustainable socio-economic development of cities in North-West Russia
... is a unique example of a model region. It accounts for 10 % of the country’s total area and 9.5 % of its population. This article aims to trace the patterns of city distribution across the region, to assess the conditions of differently populated cities and towns, and to identify sustainability trends in their socio-economic development. Population change is a reliable indicator of the competitiveness of a city. As a rule, a growing city performs well economically and has a favourable investment ...
Сoastal exclaves among enclosed territories of the world
....gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gi.html
(дата обращения: 24.04.2018).
34. Brunei // City Population. URL:
http://www.citypopulation.de/Brunei.html
(дата обращения: 24.04.2018).
35. East Timor: Districts, Cities & Urban Areas // City Population. URL:
http://www.citypopulation.de/EastTimor-Cities.html
(дата обращения: 24.04.2018).
36. The population of the Sultanate by the end of May 2015 // National Center for Statistics and Information....
The coastalisation of population in today’s Russia: A sociogeographical explication
... population is considered as a prolonged, universal, although not a ubiquitous — socio-geographical process. This process is a result of the evolving spatial architecture of countries and regions, a lack of balance between the potential of leading cities, economic and settlement projections of global geoecological, geo-economic, and geopolitical processes, the scale and effect of transnational and transboundary contracts, and the changing images of coastal areas. This article analyses the trend ...
Tourist attractiveness of Kaliningrad
The article focuses on the tourist attractiveness ranking for cities in the world and in Russia. It also refers to an opinion poll on touristic attractiveness of Kaliningrad among residents and tourists. The city has been evaluated on various criteria. It helped to identify the most popular leisure and recreational ...
The antinomy of political reason. Some deliberations on Kant’s “Answer-ing the Question: What is Enlightenment?”
This article analyses Kant’s work “Answering the Question: What is Enlightenment?” It is shown that Kant’s enlightenment is a political project. The author focuses on the philosophical prerequisites and the essence of this project and analyses the difference between the “public” and “private” use of reason. The article emphasises the major significance of this difference for developing the ideal of enlightenment in the field of politics. It is suggested that this ideal be seen in...
The Evolution of Settlement Areas of Ingrian Finns in Northwest Russia in the Second Half of the 20th Century
Based on the nation-wide censuses conducted between 1959 and 2010 in the Soviet Union and in the Russian Federation, as well as on the contemporary data of the Estonian Department of Statistics, the author of this article studies the spatial aspects of the dynamics of the ethnic area of Ingrian Finns within their main settlement area. This is done through utilizing ethnicity-related statistical data of the district at the lowest level of administrative division. The author emphasises a significant...
A Situational Approach to Strategic Management and Monitoring of Regional and Urban Development
... 21—29.
2. Zhitkov, V. A., Labrents, B. V., Rosenthal, V. О. 2011, Regional'nye Strategii: praktika razrabotki i napravlenija sovershenstvovanija [Regional Strategy: development practice and areas for improvement], Jekonomika megapolisov i regionov [Cities and regions of the economy], no. 4 (40), p. 22—33.
3. Savchenko, A. B. 2012, O hode rabot nad Strategiej social'no-jekonomicheskogo razvitija goroda Moskvy na period do 2025 goda [A progress report on the socio-economic development of the city ...
The modern economy of Russia’s Baltic regions in the municipal context
... districts (MDs), and urban districts (UDs). We do not consider St. Petersburg due to the specific nature of municipalities in the city of federal significance and the unity of the urban economy explaining the particular model of local self-government in the cities of federal significance. The period under consideration is 2018—2022 due to the availability of statistical data and the research logic. Although it is fairly short, this period still allows for assessing the differences among municipalities ...
The border as a barrier and an incentive for the structural economic transformation of the Kaliningrad exclave
This paper aims to study how geopolitical shifts affect regional economies and their structures. Border functions and regimes act as tools for the economy and society to adapt to the redistribution of political influence, movements of people, goods, capital and information between integration associations, individual countries and their cores. A changed environment may slow down the development of some industries (and even cause them to decline) and give a boost to others, with these two processes...
Geography of the mobile internet in the border and interior regions of Russia
... higher education and the share of online shoppers in the total regional population.
A high degree of geographical heterogeneity persists across the Russian internet space [25], [26]. The digital divide between urban and rural areas, towns and large cities is still significant [27], [28]. The article by Shestak [29] shows that the larger the city’s population, the more developed its internet services are. In line with global trends, we can observe a widening structural disparity in the development ...
Societal security in the Baltic Sea Region: the Russian perspective
... challenges: ageing population, migration, economic and social inequalities, health-related challenges, social inclusion; and addressing crime and violence and acts of discrimination, which people face in the BSR.
• Creating sustainable and resilient cities and communities. Populations, economic activities, social and cultural interactions, as well as environmental and humanitarian impacts, are increasingly concentrated in cities, and this poses massive sustainability challenges in terms of housing,...
Internet diffusion and interregional digital divide in Russia: trends, factors, and the influence of the pandemic
... technology reproduces existing patterns of socioeconomic inequality and may reinforce them. If we consider the country as a single community, then similar patterns can be seen between regions [17], [18]. Innovative regions in Russia usually include global cities, Moscow and St. Petersburg, early adopters are the Moscow region and the largest agglomerations. Lagging behind are underdeveloped regions of the North Caucasus, South Siberia, and rural areas. At the same time, the diffusion rate of a new technology ...
Extralinguistic factors of city renaming in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic
The article is devoted to extralinguistic factors that contribute to the renaming of cities in one of the North Caucasian regions of Russia. The study of toponymy, in particular, the oikonyms of a certain territory, is of great importance for the study of the history, ethnography, and culture of the people living in this territory. ...
Idyll, history, rationality: city images in “Real Journey to Germany in 1835” by Nikolay Gretsch
The article explores the images of the German cities, Lubeck and Hamburg, presented in Nikolay Gretsch’s travelogue “The real trip to Germany in 1835”. The author determines the link between the images of the two cities and the tradition of describing Germany as an idyllic place. This tradition ...
Representation of the image of Kaliningrad in the names of guided city tours
...
lication/262579781_Tourism_and_toponymy_commodifying_and_consuming_place _names [Accessed 27 February 2022].
Lindner, R., 2008. Texture, Imaginary, Habitus: Key Concepts of Cultural Analysis in Urban Planning. In: Sobstvennaya logika gorodov: novye podhody v urbanistike [Own Logic of Cities: New Approaches in Urbanism]. Moscow, pp. 68—77 (in Russ.).
MacCannell, D., 1976. The tourist: A new theory of the leisure class. New York: Shoken.
Marjavaara, R., Nilsson, R. O. and Müller, D. K., 2022. The Arctification of northern tourism: ...
Development of municipal districts in Saint Petersburg over the last decade: an economic and spatial analysis
... development, improve the methodology and provide recommendations for municipal administrators. The findings will enhance strategic urban planning in St. Petersburg.
1. Kosareva, N., Polidi, T. 2017, Assessment of Gross Urban Product in Russian Cities and Its Contribution to Russian GDP in 2000—2015, Russian Journal of Economics, vol. 3, № 3, p. 263—279. doi:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ruje.2017.09.003
.
2. Kuznetsova, O. V. 2018, The concentration of economic activity in Moscow and St....
Spatial diffusion of Asian direct investments in the northern European EU countries
... economic centres, as the factor of gradually growing awareness of potential investors began to play an important role. This article aims to show the persistent character of FDI spatial diffusion patterns and their correlation with the existing hierarchy of cities. In our research, we used the example of Asian companies working in the Baltic states, Finland, Sweden and Denmark, newcomers to internationalisation, not affected by the ‘neighbourhood effect’, and contrasted them with Western European investors....
Valuating the appropriation of digital technologies across Russian regions
... 102714. doi:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2021.102714
.
4. Hatuka, T., Zur, H., Mendoza, J. A. 2021, The urban digital lifestyle: An analytical framework for placing digital practices in a spatial context and for developing applicable policy, Cities, vol. 111, no. 102978. doi:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2020.102978
.
5. Chang, E., Zhen, F., Cao, Y. 2016, Empirical analysis of the digital divide from the perspective of internet usage patterns: A case study of Nanjing, International Review ...