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• Typology of small towns in the western borderland regions of Russia

  ... urban agglomerations in the devel­opment of any region, it should be noted that small towns perform their equal­ly important function as reference points in the regional framework of the set­tlement system. In strategic regions, like the ones of the Western borderland, small towns, inter alia, become significant for ensuring national interests along the state border of Russia. The article presents the author's version of the typology of small towns in the Western borderlands of Russia, based on the ...

• One Belt - One Road Initiative: A Window of Opportunity for Russia’s Western Border Regions

  ... One Belt — One Road initiative implementation, based on the Chinese and Russian studies. Another goal is to weigh up the risks and benefits associated with the extension of the project to Russian territories. Special attention is paid to Russia’s western borderlands — 17 regions that account for 8.6 % of the country’s territory, 17.4 % of the total GRP, and 20.8 % of the national population. We analyse the factors in effect — including geopolitical ones, as well as current trends in the ...

• Learning and research culture of students of rural schools in the History of Western Russia classes

  This article deals with the theoretical problems of learning and research culture, its functions and criteria, as well as possibilities of its formation in students of rural schools in the History of Western Russia classes in view of the specific features of the educational institution and the novelty of the discipline. 1. Кузьминых Я.   С. О пользе туристическо-краеведческой работы // Красное ...

• Coastal and western border centers in the system of large cities of modern Russia: socio-economic and innovation development.

  ... reflects the results of a study of large Russian cities (with a population of more than 100 thousand people, as well as smaller cities with the status of regional capitals), emphasizing two strategically important groups: coastal centers and cities of the Western borderlands of Russia. Hav­ing applied economic-statistical analysis for 6 indicators (average salaries and per capita measures of the number of organizations and enterprises, retail trade turnover and public catering, commissioning of houses ...

• Between nation and gender: History of beards in Western Europe and Russia, 1830—1880

  This article focuses on the increasing popularity of beards in Western Europe and Russia in the 1830s—1880s. The main hypotheses explaining this phenomenon in Western Europe are analysed and the Western and Russian practices compared. It is concluded that, from the mid-19th century, the beard was a symbol of national ...

• Western border regions of Russia: delimitation, structure, typology

  This article is devoted to the western border regions of Russia, which play an important role in terms of history, geopolitics, geoeconomy, culture, and mind­set. Relying on the interpretations of ‘border’, ‘frontier’, and ‘border­lands’, which are traditional for Russian ...

• The technology of formation of learning and research culture in the lessons on the history of Western Russia at a rural school in the Kaliningrad region

  This article discusses the technology of formation of learning and research culture at schools of the Kaliningrad region in lessons on the history of western Russia. The process of learning and research culture formation will be successful if more attention is paid to independent research of schoolchildren, namely, solving tasks with the help of acquired research knowledge and skills, as well as preparation ...

• Demographic Situation and Demographic Security in the Regions of Russia’s Western Borderlands

  ... migrations, and overcoming a skewed age and sex structure. I provide a detailed definition of the notion of demographic security and a list of indicators for evaluating it. I stress typological differences in the demographic situation across Russia’s western borderlands to ensure a differentiated approach to providing regional demographic security. In this study, I use economic- statistical methods, a comparative analysis, and an empirical typology of regions based on the above indicators. In terms ...

• Two civilizations: the relations of Russia and Western Europe at the beginning of the 21st century

  ... taken place since the demise the USSR and the world socialist system. Today, in the West, as if in contrast to the famous project by Charles de Gaulle —“Europe from the Atlantic to the Urals”, an extremely negative image of Russia is being formed. Western ideologists stick to the axiom according to which despotism and slavery, allegedly being the basis of Russia's internal order, inevitably give rise to aggression in relations with the outside world. Of course, these ideas do not take into account ...

• Some features of external migration processes in the coastal regions of the Western borderlands of Russia

  The combination of two major economic and geographical factors — the presence of the border and access to the sea — largely determine the features of socio-economic development of the coastal regions of the Western borderlands of Russia and, as a consequence, the migration processes here. The purpose of the article is to identify the importance of these factors for migration in the coastal regions of the Western borderlands of Russia. The study showed that ...

• Geopolitical turbulence and its economic and geographical projections: the case of Russia’s western border regions

  ... of society and its structures. The author reveals the most relevant aspects of the territorial restructuring of the Russian economy, which is being influenced by recent geopolitical changes. The author assesses the economic resistance of Russia’s western border regions to geopolitical turbulence. Special attention is paid to the typology of border regions, which is built taking into account the impact of geopolitical turbulence and compensatory measures of state support on regional socio-economic ...

• Islamic Diffusion in the Baltics: The Fruit of European Multiculturalism

  This article considers Western Europe as a principal centre that has been attracting migrants over recent decades, primarily, in the aftermath of the Arab Spring. The Baltic region states are chosen for demonstration. Although they have different proportions of Muslim immigrants,...

• An Assessment of the Economic Performance of the EU Baltic Region States

  ... a production-function-based comparative analysis of development dynamics in individual countries to identify distinctive features for each group. Despite a rapid growth of Eastern European economies, the difference between the region’s eastern and western countries remains substantial. Economic convergence between eastern and western EU countries in terms of investment does not lead to convergence in labour efficiency. The capital-labour ratio and the growth rate of labour efficiency in the Russian ...

• Reflections on the history of the Kaliningrad region

  ... Prussia. From ancient times to the end of the Second World War]. Kaliningrad. 3. Kretinin, G. V., 2007. Istoriya Zapadnoi Rossii. Kaliningradskaya oblast': Uchebnometodicheskoe posobie dlya uchitelei obshcheobrazovatel'nykh shkol. 6—7 klassy [History of Western Russia. Kaliningrad region’s: Educational handbook for secondary school teachers. 6—7 klasses] / ed. by A. P. Klemeshev. Moscow. 4. Birkovskii V. G., Soroka, Z. N., Gal'tsova, S. P. et al., 1986. Istoriya Kaliningradskoi oblasti (1951—1965): ...

• The origins of confrontation with Western countries and the “Munich speech” of Vladimir Putin

  ... by the USA and its allies and spoke about the need to form a new system of world order based on partnership and good neighbourly relations between countries. Only these relations can ensure security and prosperity for the whole world. Unfortunately, Western leaders failed to respond to Vladimir Putin’s proposal and continued to support the dominance policy pursued by their main ally, the US, towards other countries. The article identifies the reasons for the deterioration of relations between Russia ...

• Typological differences between the coastal regions of Russia's Western borderlands

  ... regions under study vary from each other, but each of them plays a vital role in the country's economy. The author aims to identify their typological differ­ences in order to improve federal and regional policy towards to the coastal re­gions of the Western Borderlands. To attain the goal, first, the types of regions under study were identified (according to the selected typological features re­flecting the main natural and socio-economic characteristics of the regions) then GRP level, structure ...

• The strongholds of Russian coastal borderlands: economic dynamics amid geopolitical turbulence

  ... economic and military activities have clustered there to create 14 ‘strongholds’, including two emerging ones. The current confrontation between Russia and the West is accompanied by the country’s growing maritime presence, particularly in its western borderlands, the revitalisation and expansion of its ‘strongholds’, and economic diversification. The economic systems of the country’s leading coastal region have proven to be highly resistant to geopolitical turbulence; this is partly ...

• The apologia of reason in J. Chr. Gottsched’s classicistic system: On the 250th anniversary of the philosopher’s death

  ... iskusstva [The dying of art. Reflections on the fate of literary and artistic creation. Chapter 4. The dying of art]. In: Samosoznanie kulturyi i iskusstva XX veka. Zapadnaya Evropa i SShA [Self-awareness of culture and art of the twentieth century. Western Europe and the USA]. Moscow; SPb., pp. 352—378. 2. Goethe J. W. 1969, Poeziya i pravda [Poetry and truth], Moscow, 606 p. 3. Goethe J. W. 1976, Sobranie sochineniy [Collected works], v 10 t., Moscow. 4. Heisenberg W. 1989, Fizika i filosofiya....

• Economic security of a border region: quantitative and qualitative measurements (the case of the Rostov region)

  ... years, some negative trends have been ob­served. They were mainly caused by the deterioration of the regional business environment. A comparative analysis of the regional and all-Russia economic indicators, as well as the average indicators of Russia's western border re­gions and the Krasnodar Krai, reveals a growing competition between regions in the economically prosperous South-West of Russia. The study identified the main threats caused by both the geoeconomic situation and its projection onto ...

• The position of international community on the restoration of independence of the Baltic States

  ... countries and the Baltic States. The materials and conclusions of this article can be used for further research on the foreign policies of the USA, Germany, the USSR, and the Baltic republics. In the process of the Baltics gaining their independence, western countries showed an ambivalent position and hesitancy regarding support for the struggle for liberation. As a result of internal contradictions in the USSR, Baltic leaders managed to achieve independence without any effective support from western ...

• The fate of World War I refugees from the western provinces of European Russia and Poland in Soviet Russia in 1920

  This article focuses on the features of the re-evacuation of World War I refugees in 1920, i.e. the spontaneous movement of the hungry mass of refugees to the Western border, the South and South-East, as well as Siberia, in early spring, which was supported by local authorities aspiring to reduce the pressure on their own regions but opposed — to no effect — by the central authorities. The planned evacuation ...

• Comparative analysis of students’ collective consciousness in the Russia-EU and Russia-China border regions: mathematical modelling

  ... groups. The public demand for the analysis of collective consciousness has been constantly growing. The authors argue that there are regional differences in collective consciousness, which are manifested most prominently in the comparison of eastern and western regions. The growing intensity of interaction between Europe and Asia makes the comparison of the western and eastern border regions of Russia particularly important from the geopolitical point of view. The authors employ the principles of an ...

• On the benthic foraminifera species of Alabaminella weddellensis and Epistominella exigua in paleo-oceanologic reconstructions

  ... productivity response of deeper water benthic foraminifera in the Atlantic Ocean // Marine Micropaleontology. 1997. Vol. 32. P. 289—310. 12. Ferreira F., Frontalini F., Leao C. J. et al. Changes in the water column structure and paleoproductivity in the western South Atlantic Ocean since the middle Pleistocene: Evidence from benthic and planktonic foraminifera // Quaternary International. 2014. Vol. 352. P. 111—123. 13. Fontanier C., Jorissen F. J., Licari L. et al. Live benthic foraminiferal faunas ...

• On the Old Believers in the literary heritage of M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin

  ... Saltykov-Shchedrin’s views on the phenome­non of the Old Believers. The research establishes the sources for the writer to study the everyday life and religious characteristics of the adherents of "old piety", and also highlights the background of the Western philosophy that in­fluenced the writer’s perception of their image. The article focuses on mutual­ly exclusive characteristics of the Old Belief in the author's concept and makes a conclusion about the predominantly negative perception of ...

• The role of the river Rhine in the formation of spatial structure of the economy of European countries (1st century BC — 19th century AD)

  ... Motylev, V. E., 1961, Jekonomicheskaja istorija zarubezhnyh stran [The economic history of foreign countries], Moscow, Izd-vo Sotzjekgiz, 400 p. 4. Samarkin, V. V., 1976, Istoricheskaja geografija Zapadnoj Evropy v srednie veka [Historical Geography of Western Europe during the Middle Ages], Moscow, Izd-vo Vysshaja shkola, 249 p. 5. Starodubrovskaya, M. A., 2005, Razvitie zapadnoi jekonomicheskoj mysli sozyal’no-politicheskom kontekste [Development of Western economic thought in the socio-political ...

• The demonization of the Red Army as a trend in Western historiography

  This article focuses on the reasons behind and attempts at demonising the image of the Red Army in the modern Western historiography. It is concluded that the key factor behind this approach is the aspiration to misrepresent the role of the USSR in the destruction of Hitler’s Germany and the liberation of Europe from the Nazi slavery, which results in the thesis ...

• Migration processes on the Recovered territories in Poland in 1945—1950

  ... Polski 1918—1997. Warszawa, 2007. 23. Skowronski A. Polska a problem Niemiec 1945—1965. Warszawa, 1967. 24. Wysiedlenia, wypędzenia, ucieczki. 1939—1959: Atlas ziem Polski. Warszawa, 2008. 25. Ziółek B. Basic Demographic Problems in the Polish Western Territo­ries // Polish Western Affairs. 1961. № 1. P. 88—110. 26. Żygulski K. Niemieckie “prawo do ojczyzny” a społeczna rzec­zywistość // Kultura i Społeczeństwo. 1959. № 4. S. 256—284. Zhirov A. A. Poland, Recovered territories,...

• World War I refugees from the western regions of the Russian Empire: Sustaining life in the places of temporary residence

  This article analyses the process of development and functioning of the state system of support for World War I refugees from the western territories of the Russian Empire in case of the central provinces of European Russia. It is concluded that the state system of refugee support proved to be efficient and managed to solve the problem of evacuation and relocation, as well as that ...

• Lithuania of the 11th—14th centuries in the works of Russian historians of the 1850—1870s

  ... perception of Lithuania in research discourse in the 1850s—1870s. Particular attention is paid to an analysis of preconceptions that affected the presentation of Lithuania’s past by Russian historians who studied it in the context of history of western Russia rather than as an independent subject. Special attention is paid to the process of formation of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The Lithuanian State of the 14th century is perceived as "ours" in the historiography of the second ...

• Inter-organizational networks as seen by western economic sociology: An analysis of theoretical approaches

  ... 1994. Vol. 18. P. 46—70. 26. Uzzi B. Social Structure and Competition in Interfirm Networks: The Paradox of Embeddedness // Administrative Science Quarterly. 1997. Vol. 42, № 1. P. 35—67. Bolychev O., Fidrya E. inter-organizational networks, western economic sociology, theoretical approaches 128-138

• Important Staging Sites of Geese and Swans in the Cross-Border Wetland Complex of the Neman Delta

  ... (in Russian). 23. Petraitis A. Bird migration in the Palanga area. In: M. Žalakevičius (ed.). Study, modelling and forecasting of bird migration. Vilnius , 1987. P. 52-60 (in Russian). 24. Mooij J. The status of White-fronted Goose in the Western Palearctic // Die Vogelwarte. 1997. Vol. 39 (1). P. 61-82. 25. Mooij J., Farrago S., Kirby J. White-fronted Goose. In: Madsen J., Cracknell G., Fox A. (eds.). Goose populations of the Western Palearctic. A review and status of distribution....

• Potential of Russian-Indian scientific cooperation (the case of western border regions of Russia)

  ... commercialization of results and the generation of innovations. The article assesses the potential for enhancing Russian-Indian interaction in various fields of scientific knowledge. The geography of the study is 268 cities of India and 44 cities of the Western borderland of Russia. The research hypothesis supports the assumption that in Indian-Russian sci­entific cooperation, the factor of territorial remoteness can be compensated by a similar level of scientific and technological (S&T) development ...

• Geopolitical and Geo-economic Changes in the Baltic Sea Region at the Turn of the XX—XXI centuries

  ... Denisenkov, А. 2016, Military expert: Accumulation of forces of NATO in the Baltics increases danger of the military conflict, Komsomol'skaya pravda, available at: http://www.kaliningrad.kp.ru/daily/26536/3553878/ (accessed 04.07.2016). (In Russ.) 4. Western Military District (Russia), available at: http://dic . academic. ru/dic.nsf/ruwiki/1497548 (accessed 04.07.2016). (In Russ.) 5. Kara-Murza, S. G. 2001, Sovetskaya civilizaciya [Soviet civilization], Moscow. (In Russ.) 6. Kivikari, U. 1996, Ekonomicheskoe ...

• Migration Flows in Europe: Space and Time Transformation

  ....-Peterb. Un-ta. Ser. 7 [Bulletin of St. Petersburg. Univ.], no. 4, p. 135—145. 4. Kamkin, A. K. 2013, Demograficheskie processy, migraciya i rynok truda v Zapadnoj Evrope (na primere FRG) [Demographic processes, migration and the labor market in Western Europe (on an example of Germany)]. In: Gromyko, Al. A. Bol'shaya Evropa v global'nom mire: novye vyzovy — novye resheniya (pod red.), Doklady Instituta Evropy, no. 292, Moscow, p. 103—110. 5. Karpov, G. A. 2014, Velikobritaniya: demografiya ...

• Regional innovation security as a coherence of multi-cyclic self-organizing: experience in building an ideal model

  ... phenomenon becomes a factor of vulnerability of the regional system in relation to irregularly occurring and turbulently developing impulses of the external environment. The theoretical model and hypothesis are verified on the basis of empirical data on the Western border regions of Russia as the most vulnerable zone in modern geo-turbulent conditions. The study provides the long term (2000—2018) analysis of the phase conjugacy of the innovative product share in GRP (characterizing the innovation subcycle) ...

• The Role of Political Elites in the Development of Politics of Memory in the Baltic States

  ... where nazi and Soviet legacies are equated are actively promoted on the pan-European level. Elites of the Baltic States play a salient role in this process and enhance ties with the elites of the Eastern Europe, expert and political communities of the Western Europe and USA. The dominant trends in the development of the historical politics in the Baltic countries are the administrative and legislative instruments for approval of the preferred narratives of the past, as well as an active political work ...

• Russia and WTO at the current stage

  ... article examines the current economic situation focusing on Russia’s entry to WTO. The authors analyse the positive and negative effects of WTO membership on Russia’s economy at the present stage and consider the economic situation in the condition of Western sanctions and Russian anti-sanctions. 1. РИА Новости. URL: http://ria.ru (дата обращения: 10.08.2015). 2. Присоединение России к ВТО: целесообразность, проблемы, риски....

• Territorial differences in the attitudes to the migration crisis in Germany: The political aspect

  ... Hainmueller, J., Hangartner, D. 2013, Who Gets a Swiss Passport? A Natural Experiment in Immigrant Discrimination, Am. Polit. Sci. Rev., no. 107, p. 159—187. 18. Golder, M. 2003, Explaining Variation in the Electoral Success of Extreme Right Parties in Western Europe, Comparative Political Studies, Vol. 36, no. 4, p. 432—466. 19. Hungarian Politics in 2016, 2017, Freidrich Eber Stiftung and Policy Solution. Budapest, available at: http://www.policysolutions.hu/userfiles/hungarian_politics_in2016_web....

• The conflict of the intellectual and the boor in the plays by S. Mrożek “Tango” and A. Chekhov “Cherry orchard”

  ... play “The Cherry Orchard” and in S. Mrożek play “Tango”. The comparative analysis of the works reveals the national, historical and social specificity of the conflict between the intellectual and the boor in the context of the crisis of modern Western civilization. The author concludes that the disintegration of the bourgeois ethos in Chekhov's metaphysical theatre is more than natural and the paradoxical reconciliation of the parties to the conflict in Mrożek's absur­distic play, devoid ...

• The typological characteristic of culture in G. P. Fedotov’s philosophy

  ... 4. Федотов Г. П. Письма о русской культуре // Там же. 5. Федотов Г. П. Новое отечество // Там же. Savintsev V. I. culture, culture genesis, civilisation, mass culture, elite culture, Western culture, Eastern culture, national culture, supranational culture, rational culture, irrational culture. 131-138

• Around the “social pedagogy” of Paul Natorp: Vladimir Dinze in the debates on national upbringing. Part 1

  ... ideas were formulated mainly in his fundamental work “Social Pedagogy”. Vladimir Dinze relies on Natorp’s thesis of the national school as the way of accustoming “the all people to the national culture”, actualizes the heritage of Russian and Western pedagogues and philosophers and formulates newly the problem of the national upbringing that is after hundred years in tune with the times as before. The papers of Dinze himself and the translation of Natorp’s “Social Pedagogy” which was ...

• Motivations of Russian firms to invest abroad: how do sanctions affect Russia’s outward foreign direct investment?

  ... as well as to assess the impact of sanctions on Russian OFDI. The author points out that a significant part of Russia’s outward FDI stock is accounted for by the operations of Russian corporations in their home market. It is concluded that although Western sanctions target a relatively small number of Russian citizens and companies, they nevertheless affect some of Russia’s key people, largest banks, and hydrocarbon producers. Therefore, their direct impact could be substantial. Alongside the ...

• A study of the statistic properties of the distribution of thermokarst lakes in the West Siberian cryolithic zone on the basis of satellite images

  The location of thermokarst lakes on the research territory in the permafrost zone of Western Siberia is identified with the use of satellite images. The statistical data analysis shows that the empirical laws of spatial distribution of the lake centers on the plane correspond to the uniform distribution law. 1.      Кравцова ...

• Ferromanganese nodule neoformations in the soils of the western part of the Kaliningrad region

  This article examines the concretionary neoformations in soils: hardpans, tubular concretions, ironstone. The results of an analysis of the morphologic properties and chemical composition of concretions are presented. Concretions were found in most regional soils. The preliminary diagnostic significance was identified for different groups of neoformations depending on the soil moistening regime. Concretions are proved to accumulate Fe, Mn, Ni, P, As, and sometimes Zn, Cu, Cr, Y. The structure of...

• Discretionary powers of judges in the countries of the continental law system: A comparative analysis

  This article analyses the features of judicial discretion in the continental law system. The author conducts a comparative analysis of the discretionary powers of judges in Northern, Western, and Southern Europe and describes the specifics of judicial discretion in the continental legal system 1. Гегель Г. В. Ф. Философия права. М., 1990. 2. Головко Л. В. Судебный прецедент как ...

• Language means of creating an image of a Mus­lim woman in internet sports discourse

  ... creating the image of a Muslim woman in sports texts. In the analyzed materials, the hijab is subjected to resemiotization, which nature depends on the role identification of the participants in the narrative. For a narrator who promotes the values of Western society, the hijab in sports dis­course is a lingo-cultural marker of emancipation and overcoming gender asymmetry. For Muslim women athletes, the hijab becomes a means of demonstrating their cultural identity and a way to prove the value of ...

• Herzen and conservatives: attraction and repulsion

  This article considers the common and the unique in the views and beliefs of A. I. Herzen (1812—1870) and Christian — both Russian and Western — conservatives. The author emphasizes that the attraction and repulsion between the freedom-loving supporter of revolutionary changes, Herzen, and sincere advocates of spiritual freedom — free conservatives — were only natural. 1. Володин ...

• NATO Policies in the Baltics: Objectives and Priorities

  ... comparative analysis of NATO’s official documents on the Baltics shows that the chief pretext for increased military presence in the region is the alleged need to defend the Baltic states from the Russian threat. Special attention is paid to the attempts of Western military strategists to encourage the neutral Nordic states — Sweden and Finland — to accede to NATO. This would lead to the organisation’s northern enlargement. The current situation suggests that to ease tension in the Baltic Sea region ...

• Iconostasis of the Late Middle Ages: East Slavic crossroads

  ... Eastern Slavic iconostasis as a reflection of the major social and political ideas of their creators in terms of cultural and confessional affinity. The author emphasizes the role of mutual influences during periods of ideological crises. The role of Western Russian innovations in the development of the appearance of Moscow iconostases of the late 17th century is demonstrated. 1. Архив Юго-Западной России. Киев, 1859. Ч. 1. 2. Бусева-Давыдова И. Л. Русский ...

• Current Scenarios for the Demographic Future of the World: The Cases of Russia and Germany

  In this article, we explore the demographic future of the world with a focus on scenarios for Russia and Germany. We seek an alternative to the Western standards of scenarios for global demographic development. We consider demographic development both in a positive and negative sense. Our analysis rests on such theoretical structures as the general theory of population, the classical theory of ...