Internet diffusion and interregional digital divide in Russia: trends, factors, and the influence of the pandemic
... inequality is the differences in the level of socio-economic development between regions, measured by GRP per capita. The problem is that digital technologies are also capable of influencing GRP, as it was mentioned above. Therefore, when building econometric models, various methods are used to avoid such endogeneity between variables: the generalized method of moments (the Arellano-Bond approach) or the two-step least squares method (2SLS).
Overview of variables and methods for researching the digital divide
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