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... restrictions on its development along the Karelian stretch of the Russian-­Finnish border. The changes that took place on the Finnish side are not considered. Median values are calculated. The study territory Seven of the 18 municipal districts in the Republic of Karelia, Russia’s region neighbouring on Finland, served as a model for this study. The study border districts are grouped under the term ‘Karelian borderlands’. As of 1 January 2021, Karelia had 609,000 inhabitants, of whom one fifth (18.7 %) lived ...

... in the border regions of Russia’s North-West. The author describes successful tourist routes within the European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument (ENPI) crossborder cooperation programmes. Particular attention is paid to the routes in the Republic of Karelia — the Blue Road, the White Road, and the Mining Road. The article stresses the importance of developing transboundary tourist routes in the border regions of Russia’s North-West. Designing and developing transboundary tourist routes is a step ...

... the Baltic Sea Region have been extensively studied, there are still areas, which require further research. The aim of this article is to identify regions having active cross-border tourism and recreation in the adjacent territories of Finland and the Republic of Karelia. The authors propose to use an indicator characterizing the volume of incoming tourist flows. The number of tourists is not only indicative of the development of cross-border tourism and recreation; it is also one of the main criteria for determining ...

... analyse certain indices characterizing it. They examine the role of these regions in the development of international trade and economic relations, cross-border cooperation and international integration, taking the North-west federal district and the Republic of Karelia as a case-study. The article describes the mechanisms of building and increasing competitiveness of border regions in today’s Russia both in general and, particularly, in the Republic of Karelia as a border region of the North-west federal district....

... international border crossing points in the development of tou­rism in borderlands. Stepanova, S. V. 10.5922/2079-8555-2019-2-6 94-111 borderlands, tourism, municipal districts, tourism infrastructure, tourist flow, road border crossing point, Republic of Karelia

... study can be used in research into international cooperation and tourism. The proposed approach may serve as a tool of a regional economic policy on tourism and thus broaden the scope of possible managerial decisions. Kondrateva S. V. municipality, Republic of Karelia, tourism projects, Karelian borderlands, Finland, transboundary tourism-and-recreation region 124-137 10.5922/2079-8555-2021-1-7

... stimulating inbound shopping tourism from Russia and examine why the Russians are attracted to the neighbouring state. Stepanova S. V., Shlapeko E. A. 10.5922/2079-8555-2018-4-7 103-117 border region, Russian-Finnish borderland, shopping tourism, Republic of Karelia, Finland, peddlar trade