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... elec­tions, they sharpened. In addition, Polish President Andrzej Duda proposed a change to the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. This initiated a po­litical debate on constitutional matters. They are the subject of the article. Moreover, the most important current constitutional dilemmas were ana­lyzed. The cur­rent constitutional debate refers both to the need to amend the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 1997 and the need to pass a com­pletely new basic law. 1. Ustawa Konstytucyjna ...

The relevance of the article is connected with the evolution of the racial issue, which includes a large amount of different social problems. These problematic developed after the Second World War and still stay a very important. This article provides an analysis of the evolution of special lobbies in British political system, and their influence on the creation of political decisions in this sphere of migration in 1965. The research was created in the functional paradigm,...

... программа Калининградской области «Социальная под­держка населения» // Министерство социальной политики : [офиц. сайт]. URL: https://social.gov39.ru/informatsiya/important/programmy/ (дата обращения: 15.04.2019). 4. Конвенция о пересмотре конвенции (пересмотренной) 1952 года об охране материнства. URL: https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_norm/---normes/documents/normativeinstrument/wcms_c18....

... legal force. At the same time, the issue of the intersectoral nature of prejudice is relatively new for domestic science and requires close research, taking into account the specifics of various branches of legal proceedings. This issue is of particular importance in criminal proceedings, where the verdict can be based on the conclusions of the courts made in civil, arbitration or administrative proceedings. This study focuses on the existing points of view in the academic papers, as well as in the ...

... Russian Federation being average in development. A special regional feature is fluctuations in volume and branch structure of the GRP of the Kaliningrad Region, which are more significant than the average for Russia, due to its small size and, most importantly, the exclave geographic location. 1. Бондаренко Н. А. Валовой региональный продукт в оценке экономического развития региона // Ученые заметки ТОГУ....

The challenges of regional strategic development planning for contempo­rary Russia are of major socio-economic and political importance. With regard to the Kaliningrad region since when it was established, the problem of choos­ing a devel­opment strategy has always been and remained an urgent issue. Especially sharply, it arose with a change in the geopolitical position of ...

In this article, we discuss the importance of forensic identification as a source of tactical information. Although the theory of identification is a ma­ture and developed element of forensic science, some authors grossly misin­ter­pret its essence and incorrectly classify its objects....

... Fruit Company NV and others v Produktschap voor Groenten en Fruit. Joined cases 21 to 24—72. 16. Judgment of the Court of 5 October 1994. Federal Republic of Germany v Council of the European Union. Bananas — Common organization of the markets. Import regime. Case C-280/93. ECR [1994] I-04973. 17. Judgment of the Court of 23 November 1999. Portuguese Republic v. Council of the European Union. Case C-149/96. ECR [1999] I-08395. 18. Council Decision 94/800/EC of 22 December 1994 concerning the ...

It is of the utmost importance to ensure equal access of people with various disabilities to transport. This article examines the rights of disabled people associated with the use of vehicles as well as the main problems pertaining to it. The author considers legal practices ...

... participation in criminal proceedings. The author pays special attention to witness immunity and relevant forensic analysis. The significance of this institution is characterized from the perspective of the identity of a witness. The author stresses the importance of developing a unified approach to the procedural status of a witness. Forensic study of the identity of a witness is a key point point in the development of the institution of witnessing. 1. Баев О. Я. Основы криминалистики ...

... structure of foreign economic activities and examine the main trends, features and problems of trade. The authors analyse transformations in bilateral trade — the role of Russian in Lithuanian foreign trade and the volume of Russian-Lithuanian exports and imports of goods and services. 1. Санкции в отношении России // РИА Новости. 2016. URL: http://ria.ru/trend/eu_russia_sanctions_14032014/ (дата обращения: 01.07.2016). 2. Литва ввела санкции ...

... methodology for assessing this asymmetry in the Kaliningrad region. The article describes changes in the sub-regional asymmetry under the conditions of economic sanctions. The authors noted a decrease in its level in the real economy due to the development of import substitution in Kaliningrad municipalities specializing in agriculture. 1. The Journal of Economic Asymmetries // ELSEVIER. 2015. URL: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/the-journal-of-economic-asymmetries (дата обращения: 15.08.2016)....

Analyzing the military and political consequences of the Great War it is essential to study the process of decision-making. Along with objective factors, various subjective factors were also important. Later subjective factors turned to be hidden from the researcher’s eye, being ignored by propaganda. However, it neither diminishes their significance, nor proves their non-existence. Basing on a few examples this author makes an attempt ...

The author explores mutual alimentary obligations of children and parents. There are different forms of financial support including alimony. Alimentary obligation is the most important concept of the Family Code. However, neither the Family Code of the Russian Federation, nor other normative acts contains any legal definition of alimentary obligation. The author defines the concept of alimentary obligation and analyses the ...

... modernization on social processes of different European states. On the example of desertion of the Central Power’s soldiers to Russia one comes to conclusion that changes in the manning system of European armies during the 19th century were one of the most important components of traditional society’s transformation and a vital source of new social practices. 1. Вербловский Г. О взаимной выдаче преступниковъ и дезертировъ // Юридический вестник....

In 2016, the Kaliningrad region economy is entering a new stage of development. It is important to establish whether the new investment mechanism proposed in the framework of amended SEZ legislation can ensure the development of regional economy. In recent years, investment performance has deteriorated in almost all areas, since the expected ...

This article stresses the importance of a management analysis of operating activities for decision-making at a furniture enterprise. In particular, the possibility of using tools of management accounting — marginal analysis and operational leverage – is considered. The author ...

This article stresses that the reconciliation of the parties in criminal proceedings with the participation of a mediator is an important mechanism of the institution of restorative justice. The author considers the forensic aspects of using mediation procedures, classifies subjects of mediation, and describes the role of the situational approach. Special attention is paid to ...

... ‘ontology’ is rarely used in argumentation studies and the context of its usage is rather unconventional, there is a need to define the notion of ontology within SMA. The method for studying argumentation in SMA is that of modelling, the second important step is analysing the role of ontology in argumentation modelling. 1. Брюшинкин В. Н. Системная модель аргументации // Трансцендентальная антропология и логика. Калининград,...

This article considers the problem of food security in the case of the Kaliningrad region. The key threat to regional food security is the increasing dependence on import. It is proved that the region’s food security can be ensured through self-sufficiency. 1. ВТО-ИНФОРМ. Аналитический центр. URL: http://wto-inform.ru/upload/ map/kaliningradskaya_oblast.pdf 2. Официальный ...

... activities during the Russian Civil War. The author describes in detail the structure of the organization, it principal activities, and the reasons behind its closure. The author pays special attention to the political situation in Russia in 1919 and the importance of agitation during the disintegration of the old foundations of the state. 1. Государственный архив Российской Федерации (ГАРФ) Ф. Р-440. Оп. 1. Д. 35. 2. Бугаев А. Очерки истории ...

This article considers the problems of analysing will and will expression of citizens when performing legally significant actions. The author stresses the importance of analysing citizens’ will in view of the changes to the provisions of the law on the limitation of legal capacity of natural persons. The article stresses the need to extend the role of notaries in documenting the will and will expression ...

... efficient method of interacting with customer, which is aimed at the successful adaptation of innovations. It is noted that, in hi-tech markets, such interaction with all groups of customers can be carried out through a strong brand, whereas special importance is attached to the creation of the brand’s ecosystem, which would make it possible to offer the customer package solutions and include them into the value added chain. 1. Аакер Д. Создание сильных брендов. М....

... emphasizes the wide spread of fishing cooperatives. It is shown that capitalism penetrated the trade when fishing entrepreneurs who used hired labour appeared alongside individual peasant fishermen. It is concluded that fishing continued to play an important role in the peasant economy of Novgorod and Pskov Governorates in the beginning of the 20th century through assuming a pronounced commercial nature with predominating capitalistic organization of trade. 1. Российский государственный ...

The elimination of disparities in the economic conditions of regional development is an important task of government regulation. The tariff policy influences the economic development of Russia and different regions. The market incentives for innovation are not sufficiently strong. The rise in prices and tariffs has a negative impact on cost ...

... residents about themselves and the word, and their reaction to major social and political events. The author comes to a conclusion that, in the post-war years, Soviet propaganda was of rather formal nature, which, however, did not downplay its paramount importance for maintaining power by party and state nomenklatura. The study will help identify the features of social development of postwar Soviet countryside and contribute to understanding regional history. 1. История сталинизма: ...

... Oxford, 1990. 46. Sirutavičius V. Sąjūdis ir periferija: nuo iniciatyvinės grupės iki masinio taikaus judėjimo // Sąjūdis Lietuvos periferijoje (1988—1993 m.). Vilnius, 2009. P. 65—74. 47. Sirutavičius V., Stanyte-Toločkienė I. Strategic importance of Kaliningrad Oblast of the Russian Federation // Lithuanian Annual Strategic review 2002. Vilnius,2003. P. 181—215. 48. Skuodis V. Baltijos kraštų kelias į nepriklausomybę 1987—1989 metai. Įvykių kronika. Vilnius, 1997. 49. Stankevičius ...

... distinctions, first of all, the possible loss of ethnocultural identity of Russian-speaking population in the post-Soviet space of the Republic of Lithuania. A specialised survey is used as material for the analysis of the role of education as one of the most important social institutions ensuring the formation, preservation, and reproduction of cultural identity. 1. Андрейчук Н. В., Гаврилина Л. М. Феномен калининградской региональной субкультуры ...

This article is devoted to the important issue of development of parliamentarianism in post-authoritarian countries through the case of Poland. Having passed several stages of constitutional changes and political crises caused by the situation of political infighting, the Polish political ...

Article considers theoretical aspects of sustainability of natural monopolies, which are the most important industries that create the general environment of functioning of regional social and economic system, thereby making essential impact on formation the region commodity and financial markets, and also on realization of a regional social and economic ...

This article considers the basic directions and research tasks of the study of Russian emigration to England in the 1870s-1890s, defines such important concept as “Russian diaspora”, and examines the methodology of the study of social and cultural adaptation of Russian emigrants. 1.  Киперман А.   Я. Главные центры русской революционной эмиграции ...

The author exposes major trends of foreign trade development in the Kaliningrad region in new geopolitical situation, basic features of exports and imports in the exclave region. 1.  Внешнеэкономическая деятельность предприятий и организаций Калинин­градской области за 2000—2007 гг.: статистический ...

The article compares the approaches of Immanuel Kant and Pavel Novgorodtsev to the role and importance of humanity and human personality in historical process proposed by I. Kant and P. I. Novgorodtsev. The author analyses the similarities and differences of their positions and defines the main lines of Novgorodtsev’s development of Kant’s ...

The concept of regional innovation system builds upon prospective innovation and takes into account the subsystem generating the knowledge that regulates the context and enterprises in regional innovation activity. This article considers the importance of innovation-investment activity evaluation for the construction of regional innovation systems, technological development of the economy, more efficient knowledge distribution, and the formation of competitive advantages. 1.  Олейник ...

This article considers the topicality of elaborating the theoretical and methodological framework of energy complex functioning and development management. The author stresses the importance of developing the methodological aspects of improving regional energy complex development management under the condition of exploiting local energy sources. 1.  Гранберг А.   Г. Основы региональной экономики....

This paper offers a philosophical analysis of graphic tests, which have become predominant recently. Drawing tests, as a model of hierarchical interrelations and inversions in the psychic structure, are an important object of philosophical research. By means of this model, we can learn a lot about hierarchical systems. The author relied on the presence of a hierarchical system in human activity stated by the great Russian physiologist Nikolai Bernstein....

This article emphasises the importance and focuses on the content of the organisational-logical model of the assessment of the influence of vocational training on the competitiveness of small enterprises in the region. By means of the target programme method and on the basis of ...

... the specificity of small enterprises as business entities and the distinctive features of exclave regions and the subsequent assessment of the significance and nature of the impact of such traits made it possible to identify and characterize the most important of them. 1. Бильчак В. С. Дупленко Н. Г. Предпринимательство региона / под ред. В.   С. Биль­ чака. Калининград, 2008 . 2. Исследования в Калининградской ...

Thus article is devoted to the conceptual framework of district division as a tool of reducing regional disparities. The author emphasizes the importance of studying the category of "vertically-integrated federalism" in Russian conditions. 1.  Смирнова Л.   В. Технологии ресурсной типологизации в управлении эко­номикой ...

In the course of establishing legitimate limitations and control over trade navigation in the open sea, the need to define the nature of vessel's activity is of utmost importance for the ascertainment of vessel's immunity. At the same time, today, the international legislator establishes two criteria of the commercial character of a deal: the "purpose" of the deal and the "nature of the deal", the ...

Multi-activity special economic zones occupy a certain place among the Russian SEZs and have fundamentally differ from other types of economic zones. The peculiarities of their position in the strategically important regions of Russia determines the special mode of operation, separate federal laws, as well as interest for researchers. This article discusses the multi-activity SEZ of the Russian Federation located in the Kaliningrad region, Magadan region,...

... fields who have studied the center-periphery theory. The essential features of the theory and its transformation over time in terms of theory and methodology were noted. This theory is often regarded as “having stood the test of time.” However, it is important to understand that, like any theory, it has specific applications and limitations. These can logically be identified by outlining both the strengths and weaknesses of the theory. The strengths include simplicity and logic, universality, a long ...

... implementation of the rewetting project. In this case, the species of Sphagna become a significant bioindicator for environmental monitoring in the whole ecosystem. The hydrophilic habitats might be considered as shelters (refugia) for Sphagna as well as important study objects for investigation of Green House Gas emission/sequestration within the Carbon Polygon Programme.

... Russian-Belarusian border area. Particular attention is paid to its transit, intercapital geogra­phi­cal position, and the impact of transport development on regional growth. The author remarks that in modern conditions, transport connectivity acts as the most important factor in the integrity of the Union State.

... a low diversity microbial composition dominated by Lactobacillus crispatus is associated with a reduced risk of HIV infection, a high microbial diversity environment associated with bacterial vaginosis increases the risk of HIV infection. Given the important role of the vaginal microbiome in determining HIV susceptibility, changing the microbiome towards Lactobacillus spp. dominance is an attractive additional strategy to reduce the incidence of HIV infection. The review provides an analysis of ...

The macro-region Nonblack Soil Zone plays an important role in the development of the Russian economy, ensuring its food security. With the transition of the country to market relations, the distribution of agricultural production in all its regions has been transformed. These changes for the Nonblack ...

... γc-cytokines. The authors also showed that in CD3+CD4+CD45RO+ T-lymphocytes have a relative resistance to the action of γc-cytokines, in comparison with cytotoxic CD45RO+ T-cells. Thus, maintaining homeostatic concentrations of γc-cytokines plays an important role in maintaining the normal functioning of the immune system by maintaining the balance of homeostatic proliferation and apoptotic death. We also noted that cytokine imbalance contributes to an increase in the surface expression of late activation ...

The Kaliningrad region, as an exclave of the Russian Federation, which does not have common borders with the main part of the country, is significantly dependent in its development on the external situation, including the military-political environment. The latter determines the ratio of the military and civilian components of regional development, as well as the military-strategic significance of the region for Russia, the number and composition of the Russian military forces in the region. In doing...

Currently, ecological management systems are an important prerequisite for successful functioning and competitiveness of accommodation facilities. The article discusses the best practices of hotel chains which consider ecological changes introduced into the technological processes of hotel enterprises,...

... are implementing measures to support the subjects of the IPU, including in the peripheral municipalities of the region. At the same time, the analysis of the current situation shows that along with programs to support existing organizations, a lot of important aspect is the implementation of programs aimed at increasing entrepreneurial activity among the local population, mainly in rural areas of semi-peripheral and peripheral municipalities of the Kaliningrad region