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The article is devoted to the analysis of the behaviour of bidders in the global gold market affected by short-term and medium-term geopolitical dis­turbances. The direction, volume, speed and time range of investments in gold are determined depending on the nature of geopolitical threats. Based on non-economic factors, the author reveals the main patterns of making trivial and non-trivial decisions on investing ...

... both measures of social support of the popu­lation and the mechanisms of reducing social inequality. It is proposed to adopt a legislative codified act regulating social relations in the Russian Fed­eration and to determine the basic principles and directions of regional social policy. 1. Усс А. В., Толоконский В. А., Иванков В. И., Лисица В. Н. Социальный кодекс Российской Федерации: Проблемы кодификации ...

... 2015. URL: https:// www.mercer.com/newsroom/2019-quality-of-living-survey.html (дата обращения: 10.08.2019). 20. Sarimin M., Yigitcanlar T. Towards a comprehensive and integrated knowled­ge-based urban development model: status quo and directions // International Jour­nal of Knowledge-Based Development. 2012. Vol. 3, № 2. P. 175—192. 21. Sassen S. The global city: New York, London, Tokyo. Princeton, NJ, 2001. 22. Taylor P. Measuring the world city network: New results and developments ...

... martyrdom of Adalbert of Prague, who was extremely popular in Central Europe X—XII centuries, and hagiographies and old Russian chronicles re­lated geographically to the events that took place in the basin of the Upper Oka. The author identified several direct and indirect parallels of the plot. Among them, there is a description of the activities of the Adalbert-Gaudentius brothers and the legendary Radim and Vyatko brothers. The story describing the tragic death of hieromonk Kuksha is similar to the ...

... gross regional product (GRP). The data of official statistics (primarily, the Databases of the Federal Service for State Statistics (Rosstat) EMISS), processed by known statistical methods, were used. The conclusions about the necessity and perspective directions of further restructuring of the sectoral structure of the regional economy are presented. 1. Валовая добавленная стоимость в основных ценах в соответствии с мето­дологией ...

The purpose of the article is to consider the relationship between F. N. Glin­ka and M. A. Miloradovich, and the impact on Glinka’s fate and life. As a per­son, Fyodor Glinka was directly influenced by the events related to the anti-Napoleonic campaign of 1805—1806, the Patriotic war of 1812, and the for­eign campaigns of the Russian army of 1813—1815. An officer of the Ap­sheron infantry regiment, he began as an ensign ...

In this article, I address the functions and the framework for the operations of the Kokand branch of the Volga-Kama Commercial Bank. Soviet historiography considered banks as a tool of ‘colonialism’ – both Western and Russian. Using archival data, I prove that the financial institutions of the Russian Empire took into account local circumstances and encouraged exportoriented production. I examine interbank correspondence, annual reports by the director of the branch, and branch audit reports. This...

... activi­ty features of the research departments at the University (the study was con­ducted using the materials of the Criminal Procedure, Criminalistics and Law Informational Science Department of Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal Universi­ty): providing direct educational and educa­tional impact on students (bache­lors, masters, postgraduates); managing research and extending methodologi­cal support; interacting with other departments of lead­ing universities of Rus­sia and the region, as well as ...

... the influence of the price-per-unit value of the cryptocurrency on the indicator of the market capitalization of the bitcoin cryptocurrency through correlation-regression analysis. As a result of the research, the author becomes the first to prove the direct dependence of the mentioned indicators, namely, a strong relationship between the price per unit of the cryptocurrency and the indicator of the bitcoin cryptocurrency market capitalization. 1. Биткоин: категория счастья ...

In this article, I analyse the improvement of the system for financial support for military personnel during the Great Patriotic War. Financial support included a monetary allowance, material bonuses for involvement in combat, and welfare benefits for families and veterans. The financial support system was vertically integrated from the centre (the Financial Directorate of the Red Army) to an individual soldier through the financial bodies of military units. The financial situation in the country...

This article examines fundamental and applied approaches to energy security. The authors explore differences and similarities in the views of scientists and politicians on the issue and analyse energy security policies pursued in Poland and Russia (the Kaliningrad region). On this basis, the authors propose rational principles for solving the problem of energy security in the region. 1. Ергин Д. Добыча: Всемирная история борьбы за нефть, деньги и власть. М., 2011. 2. Косов Ю. В., Маллон В. Глобальная...

... and the centralized supervision of the banking sector of the Member States of the eurozone with supervisory powers transferred to the European Central Bank in accordance with Article 127 (6) of the Treaty on the functioning of the EU. Secondly, the direct recapitalization of banks from the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF), established under the European Stability Mechanism (ESM) based on the Treaty, signed a few months earlier — February 2, 2012. The fulfilment of these obligations ...

... Philosophical Logic. 1999. Vol. 4, № 2. P. 143—173. 6. Pietarinen A., Sandu G. If Logic, Game-Theoretical Semantics, and the Philosophy of Science // Logic, Epistemology and the Unity of Science. 2009. Vol. 15. P. 105—138. 7. Pietarinen A. Directions In Game-Theoretic Semantics. URL: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.50.2509&rep=rep1&type=pdf (дата обращения: 19.03.2014).

... The author focuses on the use of anthropology as a method of historical research since the early 19th century until today. The problem of correlation between the subjective and objective in the objective of historical research is analysed, a promising direction of development of this research field is suggested. 1. Гегель Г. В. Ф. Энциклопедия философских наук. М., 1977. Т. 3 : Философия духа. 2. Гулина М. А., Цветкова Л. А., Ефимова ...

... interpretation of Kant's place in one of the major paradigms of the theory of international relations: realism, idealism, liberalism, and institutionalism. Author shows that Kant’s inclusion in a particular paradigm of international relations cannot be directly done. Otherwise, inevitably it comes to distortion and incorrect interpretation of the texts and ideas of Kant. 1. Алексеева Т. А. Дилеммы безопасности: американский вариант // Полис. 1993....

... decisionmaking in the conditions of the system uncertainty of integrated coastal interaction. To this end, it is suggested that a balanced scorecard system identifying the possibility of aligning such decisions and maintaining the synergy effect in the chosen directions of prospective ratio development is applied. 1. Теория систем и системный анализ в управлении организациями : справочник; учеб. пособие / под ред. В. Н. Волковой,...

This article considers the introduced and planned changes to the Civil Code of the Russian Federation relating to the construction of a system of legal entities. It is concluded that there is a deviation from earlier doctrinal statements about the directions of system development. The changes do not take into account the existing interconnections and may have a negative impact on law enforcement practices. 1. О внесении изменений в главы 1, 2, 3 и 4 части первой ...

... Some Motives for the International Integration of Business / M. Casson (ed.). Aldershot, 1990. P. 8—31 (translation of a 1968 article from French with an introduction by M. Casson). 8. Kindleberger C. P. American Business Abroad // Six Essays on Direct Investment. New Haven, CT, 1969. P. 1—36. 9. UNCTAD. Non Equity Modes of international production and development // World Investment Report. NY, 2011. P. 250. 10. World Economic Forum. The Global Competitiveness Report 2010—2011. Geneva,...

This article considers the basic directions and research tasks of the study of Russian emigration to England in the 1870s-1890s, defines such important concept as “Russian diaspora”, and examines the methodology of the study of social and cultural adaptation of Russian emigrants....

... including passions and affections, should play a secondary, subordinate role in religion. Religious conflicts should be resolved through an appeal to universal moral values and the decrease in the pressure of religion ideology components that are not directly related to morality. 1.      Кант И. Антропология с прагматической точки зрения // Кант И. Из­бранное: в 3 т. Калининград, 1998. Т. 3. 2.      Его же. Критика ...

This article deals with the profound changes in the political, social and economic spheres in the USSR that resulted from the growth of oppositional attitudes and banditism in the country. These circumstances led to the necessity to increase the efficiency of the State Political Directorate. 1. Центральный архив Федеральной службы безопасности Российской Фе­дерации (далее — ЦА ФСБ РФ). Ф. 1. Оп. 6. Д. 256. 2. Даль В.   И. Толковый словарь живого великорусского языка. СПб., 1863. Т. 1. 3...

... Decision 2008/978/JHA of 18 December 2008 on the Euro­pean evidence warrant for the purpose of obtaining objects, documents and data for use in proceedings in criminal matters // Official Journal. L 350. 30.12.2008. P. 72—92. 11.  Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and the Council regard­ing the European Investigation Order in criminal matters 2010/0817 (COD). URL: http://www.statewatch.org/news/2010/apr/eu-council-investigation-order-9145-10.pdf (дата обращения: ...

... join in this competition, which has already changed the quality of the urban environment. Many small towns of the Kaliningrad region are on the list of federal leaders among the places with the most comfortable urban en­vironment. This circumstance directly improves the possibilities of such cities in attracting investors, maintaining high-quality labor resources and the possibility of expanding their own regional socio-economic specialization.

..., Mikhnevich G. The role of fluids in the chemical composition of the upper holocene sediment layer in the russian sector of the South-East Baltic // Russian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2020. Vol. 20. ES6006. doi:10.2205/2020ES000719. 22. Peltonen K. Direct Groundwater Inflow to the Baltic Sea. — 2002. — 81 p. 23. Pempkowiak, J., Szymczycha, B., Kotwicki, L. Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) to the Baltic Sea // Rocz. Ochr. Śr. — 2010. — №. 12. — рр. 17—32. 24. Schlüter M. et ...

Narcotizing of the population does not only cause harm to the physical and mental health of drug addicts, but also adversely affects the vital activity of the regions, which creates a direct threat to the gene pool of the nation, ensuring the rule of law, the national security of the country. Territorial differences in narcotizing are determined by many factors, such as the economic and geographical location, the level of transport ...

... accompanied by a pediatric neuropsychologist. Neurological and mental diseases prevail in the structure of children’s disability, the share of which is 49.8 %. Most often, premature children are recognized as disabled at the age of 0—3, which is directly related to health deviations in the perinatal period.

... geographers of the region (4 professors and 13 PhDs in the field of “Economic, social, political and recreational geography”). The article assesses the publication activity of university scientists using some scientometric indicators and presents the main directions of research conducted in 2018—2021. A list of the main projects carried out by Kaliningrad residents and a list of publications grouped by areas of research is compiled.

... annu­al value for August (2.8° С). Thus chlorophyll "a" concentration for the peri­od under study was revealed at the average multiyear level, and the sea sur­face temperature was higher than the average for 2003—2016 by 2.4° С. The direct influence of the weather anomaly of 2018, which caused the water warming above the long-term average level, on the monthly average concen­trations of chlorophyll “a” was not revealed, that indicates a sustainable state and strength of the ...

In the Kaliningrad region, as well as in other regions of Russia, the cen­ter-peripheral model of economic development directly affects the transfor­mation of the regional settlement system. Over the past 10 years, the dynam­ics of the population in rural settlements of the region has been determined by agglomeration and transport-geographical factors. The analysis ...

... and control of core environmental indicators such as suspended particu­late matter concentration. The research focused on the suspended matter transport from the main source area, which included both human-made and natural suspended matter inputs. Directions of particles transport for surface and bottom layer were discovered to be different. The transformation of the suspended matter transport from the Kaliningrad lagoon to the Curonean spit was studied with electron microscopy. The biogenic fraction ...

The article is devoted to the urgent problem of economic security of the Russian border regions, directly adjacent to Ukraine: Kursk, Belgorod, Voro­nezh, Rostov and Krasnodar regions. The study is going to assess the level of economic security in these regions, as well as its dynamics after 2014, taking into account cyclical features and long-term ...

... Экологический мониторинг электромагнитных полей. М., 2004. 9. Яковлева М. И. Физиологические механизмы действия электромагнитных полей. Л., 1973. 10. Directive 2004/40/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 Ap­ril 2004 on the Minimum Health and Safety Requirements Regarding the Expo­sure of Workers to the Risks Arising from Physical Agents (Electromagnetic Fields) // Official Journal ...

... The lower current of the river Preg­olya within the Kaliningrad city borders is studied for the period from 2013—2019. The associations are named in the traditions of the dominant system. It is established that the total number of species in the direct impact zone and downstream has remained the same. However, the structure of plant commu­nities and their species composition has changed. Some species have fell out of communities or reduced their projective coverage; some communities in the city ...

The study is focused on features of hydrometeorological conditions in the southeastern Baltic Sea and their trends assessment for 2005—2019 (climatic half period). The authors used the data from field observations of atmospheric pressure, wind direction and speed, and air temperature from the automatic hydrometeorological station located offshore, as well as the satellite data from the infrared and microwave (radar images) ranges to determine sea ice and sea surface temperature, respectively....

... most promising substances. When aminating benzoquinone and its derivatives with dibenzothiazine, we can expect an increase in the potential biological activity and inhibitory properties of new compounds. The presence of copper affects the intensity and direction of the reaction when reactants in­teract. Practice-wise, the work can expand the spectrum of quinone and dibenzothiazine derivatives containing biologically active fragments. 1. Машковский М. Д. Лекарственные средства ...

The article focuses on determination of the liver volume which is an urgent task for clinical medicine. It is directly connected to the need for an objective quantitative assessment of organ size. The complexity of calculating the volume is due to an irregular geometric shape of the organ, which can not be approximated to an ellipse or any other geometric figure....

The article gives morphometric characteristics of thymic mast cells of rats supplied with drinking water for 10 months in a concentration of 10 mg/l in correlation to silicon. It has been shown that the amount of mast cells does not change in interlobular cortical thymus septa with this type of exposure, however, the percentage of mast cells with complete degranulation increases, as well as the proportion of mast cells with a high degree of metachromasia. In this case, the average size of mast cells...

The Kaliningrad region is a border and a coastal area in one. Such a combination of geographic features affects the development of this exclave region of Russia. The maritime status has a direct and indirect positive impact on the sectoral structure and the pace of economic growth. The role of the borderline situation is ambivalent: if the relations with neighboring countries and the EU as a whole are favorable, then cross-border links ...

... activities on local sites with reference to a network of reference benchmarks. The greatest amount of information is given by the data of the transverse shore leveling. The combination of a number of different profiles allows one to obtain speed and direction quantitative characteristics of the coastal processes at a particular morphodynamic site over a specific time interval. It is important to have a reasonable choice of a marker, i. e. an element of the relief, the change in position of which ...

... 6010—6016. 5. Sun J., Li C., Wang S. Organism-like formation of Schistosoma hemozoin and its function suggest a mechanism for anti-malarial action of artemisinin // Scientific reports. 2016. Vol. 6. 6. Lamikanra A. A. et al. Hemozoin (malarial pigment) directly promotes apoptosis of erythroid precursors // PloS one. 2009. Vol. 4, № 12. P. e8446. 7. Deroost K. et al. Hemozoin induces hepatic inflammation in mice and is differentially associated with liver pathology depending on the Plasmodium strain ...

... Mueller-Schwefe G. Flupirtine in Acute and Chronic Pain Associated with Muscle Tenseness. Results of a Postmarketing Surveillance Study // Fortschr. Med. 2003. Vol. 121. P. 3—10. 11. Rationale for the triggering of procedure under Article 107i of Directive 2001/83/EC on flupirtine presented by the Federal Institute for Drugs and Medicinal Devices/BfArM, Germany 08.03.2013. 12. Schuster G. M., Schwarz M. P. Flupirtine: a review of its neuroprotective and behavioral properties // CNS Dmg Review....

... revealed a surprising variety of fetus movements. It has been proven that the fetal activity begins at the end of the embryo period, week 7—9 of gestation. The analysis of the movemental patterns of the fetus has led to the hypothesis that these patterns directly reflect the development and maturation of the central nervous system. The 2D-4D ultrasound makes it possible to identify measurable parameters for assessing the neurological and behavioural development ofthe fetus. Multicentre studies were performed ...

... results of the geospatial analysis performed by the authors is used for creating an interpolation surface, which describes the housing price distribution in the analyzed districts. Based on a generalized analysis of the results, the authors establish a direct link between value –based housing prices and favorable environmental factors such as the density of green areas. 1. Гриненко С. В. Экономика недвижимости. Таганрог, 2004. 2. Иванова Е. Н. Оценка ...

... Implications for Regional Development. L., 2016. P. 142. 68. Plore M., Sabel C. The Second Industrial Divide: Possibilities for Prosperity. N. Y., 1984. P. 355. 69. Porter M. E. The Competitive Advantage of Nations. N. Y., 1990. P. 875. 70. Smith K. New directions in research and technology policy: Identifying the key issues. The STEP Group, Studies in technology, innovation and economic policy, 1994. URL: http://www.step.no/reports/Y1994/0194.pdf (дата обращения: 15.11.2016). 71. Storper ...

... Nivenskoe as an example. Relevance of the research is caused by the fact that modern control systems of technogenic and ecological safety are based on risk assessment methods. Since media play a most significant role in the formation of public opinion and direct perception of risks in public space, communication of risks can be an instrument of latent manipulation with public opinion. The Internet and printed local media have served as an object of research. Results of the research confirm a hypothesis ...

... materials, this article characterises the zooplankton of three large lakes of similar age and origin found at different trophic stages and in different landscapes of the Pskov region. It is shown that the structural features of the organization and direction of succession of zooplankton communities are directly dependent on the landscape and genesis of the lake basin and, in their turn, can be used as an indicator of the successional stage of the aquatic ecosystem. 1. Абросов В. Н. Зональные ...

This article emphasises that one of the conditions for the formation of extreme inflow events from the North into the Baltic Sea is the long-time impact of same-type atmospheric processes on the water surface. There is a need to consider the intensity and the duration of one-direction atmospheric processes. The authors focus on the features and types of large-scale atmospheric circulation over the North-East Atlantic, which determined the regional atmospheric processes over the Baltic Sea during...

... hormone prednisolone (dehydrogenated analogue of hydrocortisone) —on the process of regeneration of freshwater planarian Dugesia lugubris Schmidt, 1861. The hormonal specimens differing on chemical nature and physiological activity have differently directed effect on the processes of regeneration. The rate of proliferation generally depends on the quality of recovering body part. This study confirms that planarians are suitable test objects for a study into the effects of chemicals of different ...

The article aims at analyzing the role of cross-border cooperation in the development of innovation potential of the Baltic Sea Region. The author analyzes the projects in the framework of the Neighborhood Programs implemented in 2000—2006 and related to the development of innovation potential in the Baltic Sea Region, particularly in the South-East Baltic. The author makes the conclusion about the need to increase the share of innovative projects with the participation of the regions of North-West...

The article presents the results of the analysis of intensity, saturation and direction of recreational streams on the Vistula spit. The basic kinds of recreational occupations and their influence on the natural complexes of the Vistula spit are considered. The article also provides the analysis of natural complex conditions changing ...