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This article considers relevant issues of protecting the Internet users’ rights in terms of notarial perpetuation of evidence and the prospects of its development. The author formulates proposals regarding legislation improvement 1. Гражданский процессуальный кодекс Российской Федерации от 14.11.2002 г. № 138-ФЗ (ред. от 06.04.2015 г.) // Собрание законодательства РФ. 2002. № 46. Ст. 4532. 2. Основы законодательства Российской Федерации о нотариате (утв. ВС РФ 11.02.1993 г. № 4462-1 ; ред. от 29...

This article considers the problems of securing competitive advantages of an organisation in a dynamic environment and focuses on the key methodological approaches to studying the strategic potential of an organisation (SPO). Special attention is paid to the resource approach and the concept of dynamic capabilities, as well as the features of non-profit organisations' SPO. 1. Барни Дж. Б. Может ли ресурсная концепция принести пользу исследованиям в области стратегического управления? — Да // Российский...

This paper analyses the historiosophical views of François Guizot (1787—1874) based on his works from the period of the First Empire (1804— 1814). The established chronological framework makes it possible to identify the foundations of the great thinker’s historical theory — foundations cleansed of the political influence of the Bourbon Restoration (1814—1830) and the July Monarchy (1830-1848), where Guizot was an activist of the liberal opposition and later became one of the leaders of the French...

This article considers and offers an overview of Semyon Frank’s sociophilosophical and historiosophical ideas. Special attention is paid to the philosopher’s perception of contemporary history as being fraught with catastrophes and tragedies. It is demonstrated why Frank claimed that the true history of philosophy was that interpreting the concrete expression of supra-temporal unity of human spiritual life as the only meaning of history. The author describes the methodological consequences of this...

Based on documents of the State Archive of the Kaliningrad region that were not previously used for scientific purposes, this article attempts to examine the specific Soviet social phenomenon of factory pilfers and identify the reasons behind its development, as well as its extents at factory No. 820 (today, the Yantar factory). The author presents the facts of petty thefts at the factory and analyses corresponding punishments and the management’s attitude towards pilfers. 1. Беляков В. А., Скрябин...

This article investigates the problem of a correlation between the phenomena of multiculturalism and morality in a globalized public space. Human community is considered within intercultural relations and associated interpersonal conflicts. A search for the ways of personal development based on clear moral principles is studied in the context of the methodological possibilities of multiculturalism. It is argued that the integration of a globalised com¬munity takes place within the moral development...

This article focuses on the powers of regional constitutional courts relating to the legal responsibility of regional officials and public authorities in the Russian Federation. The author analyses possible participation of constitutional courts in providing a mechanism for legal responsibility of public authorities in regions of the Russian Federation. Attention is paid to the stages of regional legislation development and current trends. The author suggests avenues of legislation improvement. ...

Using documents, the press, and studies of Polish scholars, this article analyses the problem of changing German toponyms during the remaining campaign in Warmia and Masuria in the early postwar years. The historical background, conditions, and principles of renaming settlements, natural objects, streets, and squares are identified and the practical problems of the renaming campaign are analysed. It is concluded that these processes were quite dissimilar in Poland and the USSR, which is explained...

This article considers the correlation between the definitions of the concept of ‘official’ given by the civil law and the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. The author analyses relevant academic views and judicial practice and formulates proposals on the legislative foirmalisation of the characteristics of a public officer in view of the Supreme Court’s position 1. Бриллиантов А. В., Четвертакова Е. Ю. Должностное лицо в уголовном за¬конодательстве России и зарубежных странах. М., 2014. ...

This article examines the current economic situation focusing on Russia’s entry to WTO. The authors analyse the positive and negative effects of WTO membership on Russia’s economy at the present stage and consider the economic situation in the condition of Western sanctions and Russian anti-sanctions. 1. РИА Новости. URL: http://ria.ru (дата обращения: 10.08.2015). 2. Присоединение России к ВТО: целесообразность, проблемы, риски. URL: http://www.webeconomy.ru/index.php?newsid=1480&page=cat&type=news...

The article investigates Edward Stanley’s attempt to establish a centre party in 1834—1835. Based in unpublished sources and recent historical studies, the author identifies the causes of the failure of this project. These causes were both subjective – for instance, the King’s influence and Stanley’s personality – and objective, i.e the well-timed consolidation of the Whigs and the Tories. 1. «Кредо Ноусли» и Тамвортский манифест 1834 года (компаративный анализ) // Ретроспектива: всемирная история...

The article considers N. O. Lossky’s methodology for interpreting the Russian national character. It is noted that N. O. Lossky identified and analyzed stable sociocultural images and their variants. Fiction, philosophical essays, and epistolary heritage are used as sources for the study. 1. Ильин И. А. Путь к очевидности. Мюнхен, 1957. 2. Лосский Н. О. Характер русского народа. Франкфурт н/М, 1957. 3. Малыгина И. В. Культурная идентичность современной России: испытание мультикультурализмом. URL:...

This article analyses the significance of private subsidiary farming for peasant settlers during late Stalinism. Special attention is paid to the characteristics of private land plots and the livestock number at peasant farms. It is concluded that subsidiary farming played a key role in the survival strategy of kolkhoz members in a post-war Soviet village. 1. Аксененок Г. А., Григорьев В. К., Пятницкий П. П. Колхозное право. М., 1950. 2. Белянов В. А. Личное подсобное хозяйство при социализме. М...

This article analyses Robert Merton’s and Thomas Kuhn’s approaches to the concept of paradigm. Whereas Merton identifies the function of a paradigm in analysing data obtained within a social study, Kuhn considers a paradigm as a key notion at a certain stage of the development of science – that of normal science. It is stressed that, despite differences in approaches, the theories do not contradict but rather complement each other. 1. Mamedov A. K., Rybakova V. V. Scientific problem as a factor...

This article considers the system and structure of sources of Russian corporate law. Research approaches to the notion and legal nature of sources of corporate law and their place in the system of civil law sources are analysed. The authors address the legal nature of corporate regulations, including the rules and standards of self-regulatory organisations as sources of corporate law. 1. Диденко А. А. К вопросу о развитии отечественной концепции источников гражданского права // Власть закона. 2012...

This article examines certain issues relating to the calculation of large and especially large amounts of unpaid taxes. It is noted that the Plenum of the Supreme Court is expected to amend current Decision No. 64 of 28.12.2006 ‘On the practices of courts applying criminal legislation on liability for tax crimes’. It is also stressed that, despite the existing obligation to pay insurance premiums, there is no rule on criminal liability of persons evading such payments. In this regard, it is proposed...

This article is devoted to the innovative concept of managing modern industrial enterprises as economic systems, namely, integrated controlling. The author presents a methodological framework for the implementation of the integrated controlling theory. Possible uses of the mathematical apparatus in studying integrated controlling are shown. Static and dynamic characteristics of integrated controlling as a complex system are described. A mathematical model of such system is constructed. 1. Акимова...

This article examines large and small peasant families in the Novgorod province and considers their common and distinctive features. The effect of economic and mental factors on family life is analysed. It is concluded that transformations in family life facilitated an increase in self-awareness and individualism in the peasant family. 1. Быт великорусских крестьян-землепашцев. Описание материалов Этнографического бюро князя В. Н. Тенишева (на примере Владимирской губернии). СПб., 1993. 2. Государственный...

This article demonstrates how G.D Gurvich combines the ideas of axiology of Neo-Kantianism and phenomenology. The author considers the features of a religious act in G. D. Gurvich’s philosophy and analyses the characteristics of religious experience in the doctrine of auto-theurgy. G. D. Gurvich’s position on the social role of religion in religious philosophy is identified. 1. Гурвич Г. Д. Идея социального права // Гурвич Г. Д. Философия и социология права : избр. соч. СПб., 2004. С. 41—213. 2...

Based on documents of the State Archive of the Kaliningrad region that were not previously used for scientific purposes, this article attempts to examine the specific Soviet social phenomenon of factory pilfers and identify the reasons behind its development, as well as its extents at factory No. 820 (today, the Yantar factory). The author presents the facts of petty thefts at the factory and analyses corresponding punishments and the management’s attitude towards pilfers. 1. Беляков В. А., Скрябин...

This article considers the role of symbols in the system of social interactions. Symbolical interactionism is examined as a methodological framework for studying administrative practices. The key notion of the concept of symbolical interactionism — “a symbol in the course of interaction” – is interpreted as a wide range of meanings including, alongside linguistic structures, determinants in the form of cultural, organizational and group factors. The efficiency of management process is associated...

This article addresses the legal consequences of adjudicating an individual entrepreneur bankrupt. The author considers particularities of repayment of liabilities as compared to legal entities and examines relevant changes in the legislation. Legal consequences are divided into short-term ones effective during the bankruptcy procedure and long-term ones. 1. Собрание законодательства РФ. 2002. № 43. Ст. 4190. 2. Об урегулировании особенностей несостоятельности (банкротства) на территориях Республики...

This article addresses the relevant issues of using the modelling method in investigating criminal fires and classifies it. The authors identify the modelling and reconstruction methods in the system of criminal fire investigation. An analysis of the correlation between modelling and reconstruction is conducted. New applications of these methods are described. 1. Статистические данные по пожарам за январь — декабрь 2014 года // Официальный сайт МЧС России. URL: http://www.mchs.gov.ru/folder/3788548...

Based on the pieces of art created in the UK to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the First World War, the article analyzes the visual images used in the national commemorative practices. Interconnection between the specifics of "English style" in the representation ...

The paper analyzes the development of historical memory in the early Kaliningrad region and the activities of regional administration aimed at identifying and registering monuments of history and culture. The author stresses the contradictions in cultural heritage policies pursued by the authorities. 1. Иванов Ю. Н. Танцы в крематории: десять эпизодов кёнигсбергской жизни : роман. Калининград, 2006. 2. История войн ХХ века в памятниках их участникам. М., 2009. 3. О мерах улучшения охраны памятников...

This article explores local crafts of peasant women of the north-western provinces, namely, weaving, needlework, and lacework. The work conditions are examined. The author stresses that workers were highly dependent on dealers who provided them with raw materials and sold their products at the market. The phenomena identified are indicative of the formation of capitalistic forms of using the labour of peasant women practicing crafts, including that of a “dispersed manufactory.” 1. Обзор деятельности...

This article describes the major issues in studying the gender aspects of the First World War in modern historiography. Major topics of studies include women on the battlefield and on the home front, gender-specific propa¬ganda, and the crisis of masculinity. The author argues that the explanation of history of societies during and after WWI is incomplete without taking into account the gender aspects. 1. Асташов А. Б. Русский фронт в 1914 — начале 1917 года: военный опыт и современность. М., 2014...

This article analyses human capital of young public and political figures in modern Russian society. Based on the methodology of resource approach and the methods of modern statistics, the author identifies three groups of young public and political figures: political leaders, political activists, and social activists, which makes it possible to demonstrate differentiation within this category. The results of an online survey of the participants of the Seliger-2013 national youth forum (N = 439)...

This article considers the transferability of highways in the system of objects of civil rights. Based on a differentiated approach, the author examines the transferability of highways in view of their purpose and permitted use in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. Avenues of improvement of current highways legislation are suggested. 1. Андреев В. К. Вещь как объект гражданских прав // Гражданское право. 2014. № 1. С. 26—29. 2. Рожкова М. А. Оборотоспособность объектов гражданских...

This article examines the interaction between the principle of honesty and the other principles of the civil law of the Russian Federation. Honesty is manifested in various institutions of law; it interacts with each principle and basic element thus limiting each freedom. It is stressed that honestly — despite having the potential of broad practical application — has not been sufficiently developed in either theory or jurisprudence. The formation of honesty-driven behaviour in the participants in...

The article describes an approach to modeling and monitoring of the value added in the agricultural sector of the Kaliningrad region in the situration of the need to improve food security and increase internal agricultural output. The results of the first phase of the simulation based on the example of crop production chains of added value to the monitoring Kaliningrad farmers are given for May 2015. 1. Лукьянова Н. Ю. Информационное обеспечение моделирования цепочек добавленной стоимости в растениеводстве...

This article examines organizational and material resources behind the emergence of tour activities as a field of tourism in the Kaliningrad region. Based on the archive materials of the Regional Trade Unions Council and the Regional Tourism Board and existing tours, the author studies decision on the establishment and functioning of tour agencies and analyses the methods and key areas of their operation in the second half of the 1960s. 1. Государственный архив Калининградской области (ГАКО). Ф...

This article analyses Nikolai Ustryalov’s concept of “Russian Lithuania,” which presents the history of medieval Lithuanian as part of the Russian past. The author examines the career of S. S. Uvarov – Minister of National Enlightenment in the 1830 – 1840s, as well as other factors behind the official narrative about the “Russian character” of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The paper stresses the significance of Ustryalov’s concepts in the Russian historiography in the first half of 19th century....

This article describes different aspects of the everyday life of the German military elite during World War I. The author stresses the effect of protracted hostilities on professional high-ranking officers in view of their age, special social standards, and family relations. Special attention is paid to a new little-studied area of research. 1. Деметр К. Германский офицерский корпус. М., 2007. 2. Ланник Л. В. Германская военная элита периода Великой войны и революции и «русский след» в ее развитии...

This article focuses on the imposition and enforcement of criminal penalties of material nature – fines and community services. Special attention is paid to a low effectiveness of fine enforcement, in particular, due to the inflexibility of the legislative norm. The author presents several suggestions, in particular, reducing the minimum level of progressive fines. It is stressed that imposition of community service penalties is complicated by the possible unemployment of the sentenced person. 1...

This article focuses on the problem of the nature of gmina courts in the Kingdom of Poland, which is of fundamental significance for identifying their role in the judicial system of the Russian Empire. Based on an analysis of historical and legal facts and documents, it is concluded that, from the 15th through the 19th centuries, the nature gmina courts gradually evolved from social (as part of the emerging local governments) to public (resulting from the royal prerogative 1. Об административном...

This article analyses the features of judicial discretion in the continental law system. The author conducts a comparative analysis of the discretionary powers of judges in Northern, Western, and Southern Europe and describes the specifics of judicial discretion in the continental legal system 1. Гегель Г. В. Ф. Философия права. М., 1990. 2. Головко Л. В. Судебный прецедент как ненормативный способ легитимизации судебных решений // Вестник гражданского права. 2010. № 6. С. 6—34. 3. Гражданский...

The article deals with the sales part of investment project evaluation calculations. A number of parameters are recommended for taking into consideration, such as start of sales, starting sales volume, planned sales volume, seasonality, prices growth and other. Spreadsheet formulas are presented. 1. Баев Л. А., Литке М. Т. К вопросу о формировании системы критериев оценки и управления инновационным потенциалом проекта // Менеджмент в России и за рубежом. 2014. № 5. C. 18—24. 2. Зимина Т. В. Формирование...

This article addresses advanced training of teachers in the period between the reforms of 1960—1970 and 1984. Special attention is paid to the prereform optimization of teachers’ theoretical background and practical skills. The achievements and problems of the system of teachers’ advanced training in the Kaliningrad region are demonstrated in the case of the Guryevsk district. 1. Внедрение достижений педагогики в практику работы школы : сб. науч. тр. / под ред. В. Е. Гмурмана. М.,1981. 2. Волков...

This article analyses the influence of the Varennes crisis on the balance of political forces in the National Constituent Assembly and Le Chapelier’s and other constitutionalists’ opposition to the radicals in the Assembly and in the streets in order to strengthen the position of the king and constitutional mon¬archy. 1. Блуменау С. Ф. «Ненасильственный» вариант развития французской революции // Вестник Брянского государственного университета. Сер. История. Литературоведение. Право. Языкознание...

This article explores the contentious issue of the role of Russian generals in the Gumbinnen battle of 1914 and the operations of Russian army in East Prussia in 1914—1915. The relations of Generals Pavel Rennenkampf and Nikolai Yepanchin are analysed in the context of the military activities of Russian troops at the initial stage of the First World War. 1. Залесский К. А. Поход русской армии в Восточную Пруссию в 1914 г., спасение Франции и перелом в ходе войны: новые подходы к истории Первой мировой...

This article examines the origins and development of the public history movement in America. Special attention is paid to analysing ideas and approaches dominant at different stages of its development and identifying factors behind changes in major trends. It is shown that pubic history has undergone significant transformations abandoning the idea of professionalising non-academic history for that of collaborative structuring of the past by historians and the general public. 1. Махов А. С. Рой Розенцвейг:...

This article provides a sectoral and regional analyses of innovative activities of Russian enterprises. The authors consider the evolution and characteristics of innovative activities in individual industries. Characteristics of innovative activities in 2010-2014 are considered in the cases of Russian federal districts and regions. Special attention is drawn to innovative activities of small innovative enterprises in the Kaliningrad region. 1. Анализ инновационного потенциала Калининградской области...

The legal category of ‘legal regime’ is considered as a means of differentiating legal regulation of entrepreneurial activities. The author stresses the use of special legal regimes in entrepreneurship legislation and examines the purposes of their application. The article emphasises the problems of improving special legal regimes of entrepreneurship. 1. Словарь иностранных слов. М., 1980. 2. Большой энциклопедический словарь. М., 2000. 3. Матузов Н. И., Малько А. В. Теория государства и права...

This article analyses approaches to developing the concept of the ‘subject of law’. The author considers different perspectives on identifying similarities and differences between the categories of the ‘subject of law’, ‘subject of a legal relationship’, and ‘personal with legal personality’. It is concluded that the category of ‘subject of law’ should be developed in the context of interdisciplinary studies. 1. Большой юридический словарь / под ред. А. В. Малько. М., 2010. 2. Алексеев С. С. Право:...

The article analyses trends of industrial development in the Kaliningrad region in the context of import substitution policy, as well as main features of formation and development of industrial parks. The author structures potential risks of their functioning and described measures of diminishing the probability of negative consequences. 1. О Концепции развития промышленности Калининградской области на период до 2015 года [Электронный ресурс] : постановление Правительства Калининградской области...

The article considers the history of George Boole’s main philosophical conception consisting in using his logical-algebraic and theoretical-probabilistic methods in modelling thought processes. Despite the project’s failure, current developments in computer science and programming have surprisingly confirmed Boole’s ideas on the applicability of rigorous methods of logical calculus in the explication of thought processes. 1. Пушкарский А. Г. Джордж Буль и проблема психологизма в логике // Электронное...

... Mason. L., 1891. 3. Bacon A. M. A Japanese interior. Boston ; N. Y., 1893. 4. Bacon A. M. Japanese girls and women. Boston ; N. Y., 1902. 5. Bacon A. M. How Japanese ladies go shopping // The world’s story: a history of the world in story, song, and art. Vol. 1: China, Japan, and the Islands of the Pa¬cific. Boston, 1914. 6. Fraser H. A diplomatist’s wife in Japan: letters fr om home to home. L., 1899. Vol. 1, 2. 7. Fraser H. The customs of the country: Tales of new Japan. L., 1899. 8. Fraser ...

This article discusses the ontological and epistemological aspects of the interpretation of time in N. O. Lossky’s ideal realism. It is stressed that time is a form of events initiated by substantial actors in the process of world creation. The author analyses the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of time. The features of synchronous and asynchronous aspects of cognising existential processes by an agent are identified in the framework of epistemology. 1. Гайденко П. П. Время. Длительность...