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... challenge in soybean cultivation is the development of biological inoculants based on symbiotic nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, which provide the crop with the necessary amount of nitrogen for full plant development and sufficient protein accumulation. In particular, biological inoculants containing live nitrogen-fixing microbial cells are in high demand. Nodulating bacteria of the genus Bradyrhizobium are considered promising candidates for such inoculants. The aim of this study was to isolate and investigate ...

... the militarization of the region, and threats of a maritime blockade. It examines the evolution of policies pursued by the Baltic states aimed at isolating the region, as well as Russia’s response measures, including military and political actions. Particular attention is paid to the region’s economic adaptation, including the development of maritime transport, energy security, and the search for new logistics routes under the impact of sanctions. The growing importance of the Baltic Sea as a ...

... mythopoetic and hermeneutic approaches. It identifies the connection of his works with the concept of Pythagoreanism and the idea, characteristic of world art, of dividing the cosmos into Musica Mundana, Musica Humana, and Musica Instrumentalis, a concept particularly prevalent in Silver Age lyric poetry. In Gronsky’s lyrics, music is primarily associated with ancient motifs, as well as pagan and Christian themes. The poet-singer figure is considered separately; in Gronsky’s émigré poetry, this figure ...

... examines established theories regarding the genesis of literary characters within scholarly discourse. Biographical details, religious beliefs, and social connections of historical figures are compared with the characteristics of Melnikov’s character. Particular attention is given to arguments supporting or refuting each hypothesis. It is established that, despite a significant similarity between Chapurin and P. E. Bugrov (trade in salt and bread, contracts for paving streets, loyalty to the official ...

... defined as a semantic-pragmatic category determined by cultural factors and manifested in typical collective responses to reality. The semantic-cognitive core of this category consists of cultural norms, which serve as the basis for reflection of a particular type. These norms are expressed through cognitive operators such as “must” vs. “must not,” “may” vs. “may not,” and “necessary” vs. “unnecessary.” Norms vary in their degree of obligatoriness and are adjus­ted by cultural ...

... authors’ own fieldwork in the Kashubian region and a critical analysis of the contributions of Russian linguists, the study seeks to re-evaluate and update key issues concerning Kashubian as a Slavic microlanguage and the Kashubians as a microethnos. Particular attention is paid to the current state of Kashubian studies and to the present ethnolinguistic situation of the re­gion. The findings presented in the article contribute to a more nuanced understanding of Ka­shubian linguistic and cultural ...

This article investigates the phenomenon of cancel culture as a contemporary manifesta­tion of social ostracism and a mechanism of discursive manipulation within English-language media discourse. Particular emphasis is placed on its interrelation with wokeism, which oper­ates as an ideological and axiological framework shaping a system of values centred on equali­ty, inclusivity, and social justice. Cancel culture, in this context, functions ...

... Jakobson’s definitions and exemplifications of the sign-index, and in Roland Barthes’s theo­ry of connotation. These two dimensions of sign activity receive a macrosemiotic interpreta­tion in Yuri Lotman’s concept of the “system” and, more particularly, in his theory of the semio­sphere: a distinctive participant in sign processes that combines subjectivity with a uni­versal character. Against this background, the understanding of the two types of semiosis can be seen to evolve historically: ...

The study examines a model of relations with the European Union referred to as “de facto membership.” The high relevance of this format of interaction stems from the challenges cur­rently facing the EU, in particular issues related to its international actorness, as well as a number of EU initiatives aimed at establishing more flexible forms of cooperation, including in the field of foreign policy. The concept complements existing formats of differentiated ...

... The contemporary legislative and institutional framework of cybersecurity in the Russian Federation is examined, including doctrinal documents and laws aimed at protecting critical information infrastructure and strengthening “digital borders.” Particular attention is paid to the geopolitical dimension of the issue—Russia’s cooperation with other states in the field of international information security and conflicts of interest in global cyberspace. The article substantiates the conclusion ...

The circumstances of granting V. M. Lermontov a personal national retirement benefit are identified; in particular, attention is paid to the specific features of assigning pensions of this type to relatives of Russian literary classics, his biography is уточнена, and the degree of kinship with the poet is established. The authors of the study are ...

... discusses the need to protect an untouched area of wilderness in the north-west of East Prussia, which received the unofficial name “Staldzen Switzerland.” The content of the letters, the issues they raise, and the circumstances of their writing are of particular interest given the limited study of the process of formation and development of nature conservation activities in East Prussia in the first third of the twentieth century. Additional interest for historians of regional culture may be represented ...

... exposure to various concentrations of the insecticides. It was found that both compounds exhibit high insecticidal activity; however, the nature of their effects differs significantly. Thiacloprid shows an earlier onset of toxic effects and bee mortality, particularly at the maximum concentration (10 μg/ bee). Imidacloprid acts with a temporal delay, reaching maximum effectiveness 48 hours after exposure. Analysis of behavioral activity revealed a depressive effect of both compounds on the central nervous ...

... transformation of the world economy, strengthening of agglomeration effects and concentration of economic forces and population in a small number of centers, the problem of development, recovery and revival of depressed and peripheral territories is of particular importance. The purpose of this article is to conduct a critical analysis of the concept of “depressive territory” and concepts close in meaning to it, to identify criteria and approaches to the allocation of such territories, to note measures ...

... processes, strengthened environmental responsibility, and the creation of effective mechanisms of interstate coordination. Successful implementation of the corridor is possible only through the consolidation of efforts by all participating countries, particularly within frameworks such as BRICS, and the attraction of substantial investment. Political will and readiness for compromise are recognized as no less important than financial resources. The INSTC remains a project with high ambitions, but ...

... distrust of representatives of the ruling authori­ties. It is noted that on a number of issues, anarchists’ views on Old Belief differed little from the perception of this religious movement held by thinkers of a state-protective orientation. In particular, both camps of theorists sought to identify in Old Belief a “natural” inclination toward anti-monarchical protest, revolutionary radicalism, and even readiness for armed re­bellion. Old Believers, anarchism, Old Belief, M. A. Bakunin,...

... the local population in the fortifications’ restoration, as well as poor funding for construction work. The research focuses on the active involvement of V. I. Suvorov, the governor of the province, in the restoration of fortification objects, in particular the Pillau fortress. The article describes the participation of Russian engineers in the rescue operation in the Labiau area in January 1761, which included the evacuation of local residents and their property from the settlements flooded by ...

The article is devoted to the problem of the development of the Vladivostok commercial port in the early 1920s. The first quarter of the XX century was a time of severe trials for the whole of Russia in general and the Far East in particular: World War I; Civil War; foreign intervention. All this time, the Vladivostok Harbor was in fact the only source of external contacts of the remote region. Being the largest Russian port on the Pacific Ocean, Vladivostok has historically been ...

The universally recognized position in both Russian and global Chekhov studies is that the artistic detail, as a linguistic-poetic device, micro-image, a means of conveying factu­al/con­ceptual/subtextual information, is a particularly significant feature of Chekhov's idio­lect. The aim of this article is to identify and describe the linguistic-poetic techniques of intro­ducing details into the text, their actualization or elimination, the evolution of meanings, and the ...

The author identifies the features of ironic narration in general and the narrative of a lit­erary work in particular. The main characteristics of irony as an independent textual catego­ry, encompassing hidden authorial evaluation, have been established. Based on the analysis of N. V. Gogol's works, it is concluded that the ironic narrative of the writer ...

The article examines the features of representing the confrontational speech strategy of discreditation, used in everyday communication, particularly in marital discourse. The goal of the research is to identify the speech tactics employed in domestic communication between spouses for the purpose of discrediting and weakening the communicative position of the communication partner. To ...

... of lexical units brings together linguistic cultural studies, literary criticism, psycholinguistics and philosophy. The theoretical principles underlying this study are presented in the works of linguists involved in the analysis of concepts (in particular, philosophical and emotional ones) in the linguo-­cultural and anthropocentric paradigms. The analysis relies on the method of continuous sampling, the method of conceptual frame analysis, the method of semantic-­cognitive analysis, the descriptive ...

... analysis. The soul, a key concept of Blazhenny’s poetry, reveals undoubted similarities with the conceptualization of the soul and the idea of metempsychosis in Jewish and Judeo-­Christian mysticism. This study focuses on grammatical elements, and in particular the system of pronouns and negative poetics, the way the subject is constructed and the strategy of anti-discursiveness. The key word and concept of Blazhenny’s poetry is the Soul which reveals an undoubted similarity with the conceptualization ...

... pattern for daily and monthly varia­tions, with peaks in the morning hours and at the beginning and end of the year (January and December, respectively). The main identified sources of NOx and SO2 emissions were located south of the monitoring station, particularly during cold periods when the highest concentra­tions were recorded. South-eastern Baltic, air pollution, source identification, receptor mo­del, Openair 97-110 10.5922/gikbfu-2023-2-8

... geopolitical processes, the general trend shift of the focus of political-geographical, socio-economic and ethnodemographic problems to the municipal the level, as well as the multidimensional influ­ence of geopolitics on the situation of municipalities). Particular attention is paid to the de­terminants and problematic situations of municipal development in the Russian Federation in the context of its sharply aggravated conflict with the "collective West" and the actual transi­tion to geostrategic ...

... antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties and promising for the prevention of various diseases. Several species of halophytes grow on the territory of the Kaliningrad region, among which the rare species Spergularia marina (L.) Griseb. is of particular interest, the biological activity and content of secondary metabolites of which have not been studied sufficiently. The purpose of this study was to obtain callus cultures, to study the content of some groups of phenolic compounds and the antioxidant ...

... Netherlands and Belgium. Four different indicators were used to analyze the distribution of inbound tourist flow: the total number of arrivals of foreign and domestic tourists in the region, inbound tourist flow diversity index, the share of arrivals from a particular country in the total volume of inbound tourist flow, and the degree of attendance calculated on the basis of the share of the country’s tourist the total tourist flow of the country. The regions that are the main centers of tourism (capital,...

... Russian Federation, the detection, solvability, and prosecution of human trafficking crimes committed by organized criminal groups remain at a relatively low level. It appears that improving the specific methodology for investigating human trafficking, particularly by constructing a criminalistic model of the individual committing the crime as stipulated in Article 127.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, may help address this problem. 1. Пихов А. Х.-А. Транснациональная ...

... negative effect on its development. In 2020, the major aggravating factor was the substantial proportion of ‘simple’ services in the structure of the economy, while in 2022, the ban on the imports of certain types of products into developed countries, particularly those of the metal industry, exacerbated the situation. Local gradients were predominately accounted for by the level of cross-border interactions and the specialisation of municipal economies. In different years, districts at risk included ...

... between international and national legal frameworks for extradition, focusing on a mechanism for safeguarding national interests within international treaties on extradition. The study follows the general research principle of objectivity, using, in particular, the formal legal method, abstraction, generalisation and general logical methods. The investigation of mechanisms for defending national interests when applying extradition norms made it possible to identify specific regulation problems. Factors ...

... information aggregators, and, consequently, establish additional criteria for recognising a specific online platform as a marketplace. This paper examines enforcement practices in the Russian Federation and other countries, uncovering legislative gaps, particularly concerning the complexities of marketplace civil liability. By consolidating research findings, a distinct set of features is formulated to differentiate marketplaces from similar phenomena like online stores and information aggregators. ...

... review of the literature, including domestic and foreign sources, is conducted to formulate an original concept for the formation and development of professional competencies in software testers within the context of corporate education. The authors pay particular attention to the systematic and efficient organization of the educational process, taking into account the specificities and strategic directions of an innovative company engaged in the development of original software. Approaches and recommendations ...

... of globalization, the spread of digital technologies, and the development of the internet on the psychology and lifestyle of Generation Z and Generation Alpha, as well as the impact of their psychological characteristics on their educational demands. Particular attention is given to analyzing the educational requests of these generations and assessing the effectiveness of the storytelling method and its digital version in the process of teaching foreign languages to modern youth. As part of a theoretical ...

One of the branches of digital humanities research is the analysis of the structure of literary works. Among the research directions in this field, the creation of a social network of character interactions is particularly popular. Another important task is the analysis of the structure of a work, the identification of narrative units, and their comparison. This article proposes a quantitative method for identifying plot lines based on the analysis of character ...

... was strongly influenced by the classic of Soviet literature. In Ancharov’s lyrics, the influence of Mayakovsky (especially his early works) manifests at various levels: at the level of the lyrical hero’s character — independent and expressive, particularly in love (“Pykhom klubit par...” (Steam Billows...), “Tsyganochka” (The Gypsy Girl)); in urban motifs, the theme of a person’s tragic lostness in a huge city (“Pesnya o nizkoroslom cheloveke...” (Song of the Short Man)); in the ...

... article examines the aesthetic aspect of the artistic pursuits of famous English philologists and writers of the 20th century, Clive Staples Lewis and John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, based on their literary-critical works, essays, and fictional texts. In particular, the article traces the search for a criterion of artistry in the works of these authors. The relevance of this study is determined by the belief that the criterion of artistry in a literary text is a fundamental category of literary studies,...

... of The Latvian Ballad constitutes the primary event of the text. The title, indicating the genre and setting a national or local context, also significantly influences the meanings attributed to the red horse and the white poodle. The analysis pays particular attention to the spatiotemporal organisation of the text, highlighting the persona’s interpretation of the appearance of the red horse and the white poodle as miraculous within the context of the depicted rural idyll. A description is provided ...

Theoretical justification for the model of legal competence formation for senior crew offic­ers is based on a competency-based approach, particularly relevant in the context of legal training for naval cadets. The proposed component structure of the model for legal competence formation for senior ship specialists not only allows for defining the content of legal disci­plines but also ...

... attractive, personifying, explicative, regulatory, phatic). Informa­tive, representational, and cumulative functions do not imply any linguistic specificity in the texts. It is revealed that the specificity of clinical recommendations for patients as a particular medical genre (a genre of scientific document) lies in the combination of persuasive and in­formative intentions with the dominance of the latter. The established specificity of the lin­guistic organization of clinical guidelines complements ...

... based on microorganisms that are effective in combating phytopathogens. These biopreparations represent an innovative and promising solution for agricultural producers seeking sustainable and environmentally friendly production practices. Currently, particular attention is given to the development and use of biopreparations based on micromycetes of the Trichoderma genus, known for their broad spectrum of antagonistic activity against phytopathogens. However, the necessity of individually selecting ...

... inhalation has been demonstrated to be effective as an anesthetic during surgeries, in organ transplantation, and in reducing pain syndromes. A novel application of this inert gas may be in addressing symptoms of psycho-neurodegenerative disorders, particularly autism. Patients with autism spectrum disorder are characterized by hyperexcitability, heightened anxiety, and impaired social interaction. Xenon inhalation has been shown to normalize autism-like behaviors in animal models of autism induced ...

... of the study includes general scientific methods (generalization, analysis, comparison), as well as statistical and cartographic methods. The study finds that the rate of decline in the number and share of Russians significantly increased after 2021, particularly in Estonia — by a factor of 10 in 2021 compared to 2020. Negative trends are observed across all regions. The highest representation of Russians in the ethnic structure of the Baltic republics remains in the capitals, border municipalities ...

... of ISNP in the population of Arctic municipalities and the degree to which ISNP-related issues are reflected in SEDS, determined by the frequency of the marker word “Indigenous Peoples (ISNP).” Five groups of municipalities are identified, with particular attention given to Group IV: “Significantly Underrepresenting Important ISNP-Related Topics for the Municipality.” Additionally, the results of the municipal grouping highlight the prominence of regional boundaries. Differences in content ...

... high content of hydro­gen ions and humic substances. These conditions are favourable for the formation of bioavail­able mercury. Thus, even background mercury concentrations can pose a danger to aquatic organisms. The Northern Dvina River attracts particular attention regarding mercury pollu­tion due to the presence of pulp and paper mills in the area. These mills have historically uti­lised mercury in their production processes. This study aims to analyse the mercury content in commercially ...

... Kant by Deleuze, I defend the thesis that their philosophical projects are firmly linked. Considering Kant’s presence in Deleuze’s study, I conclude that Kant’s philosophy has shaped some key aspects of the French philosopher’s thinking — in particular, the concept of “transcendental empiricism” — and also has influenced Deleuze’s ideas about difference, becoming, ground and immanence. Agamben, G., 1999. Absolute Immanence. In: D. Heller-Roazen, ed. 1999. Potentialities: Collected ...

... actively publishing after the war, including outside Poland. Lapshin in Czechoslovakia was less in demand, but continued preparing his works for publication. The reflections of the two authors shed light on the idea content of their later works, which is particularly valuable in reconstructing the conception of the texts which were not completed at the time of their death and have survived only in the shape of plans and rough notes. It is also interesting that in their letters Hessen and especially Lapshin ...

... meaning of “positive critique”, its difference from Kant’s own “critical method” and why contemporary historical-philosophical attempts to actualise Kant’s concept of critique have more to do with Shpet’s rather than Kant’s methodology. Of particular relevance today is the authors’ attempt to immerse the Kantian understanding of critique in the context of Shpet’s phenomenologically oriented hermeneutic methodology. Debolsky, N. G., 1914. Green as a Metaphysician. In: Novyye idei ...

... project (“What is philosophy?”); (2) a methodological project (“How do we do philosophy?”); and (3) a taxonomic project (“What are the different parts of philosophy, and how are they related?”). This paper focuses on the third project. In particular, it explores one of the most intriguing yet puzzling aspects of Kant’s philosophy, viz. the relationship between what Kant calls ‘pure’ philosophy vs. ‘applied’, ‘empirical’ or what we can broadly refer to as ‘impure’ philosophy....