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... модернизации и различие путей общественного разви­тия // Социологические   исследования. 1998. №   8. С . 14—26. 17.  Manson P., Yagudina Z., Shmulyar O . Modernity, Identity, Rationality (MIR): The Transformations of Everyday Life in Post Soviet Russia. Goetheborg, 1998. 18. http://rumetrika. rambler.ru/review/0/3800?article=3800

This article examines the development programmes of leading Russian universities, their licenses and non fee paying student admission plans for each level of higher education. This analysis serves as the basis for identifying the shortcomings of the multi-degree system implementation; the author suggests measures to remedy these shortcomings. 1.  Место в элитном клубе // Эксперт-Урал. 2010. №   25 (246). 2.  Образование в России-2008: стат. бюллетень. М., 2009. 3.   Положение о подготовке научно-педагогических...

The study of existing methodological approaches identified their weaknesses as to insufficient consideration of factors and their influence. The author offers a methodological approach to the assessment of competitiveness of small enterprises (SE) on the basis of the assessment of affecting factors. The integral index makes it possible to identify the competitiveness of a particular small enterprise. The approach suggested can be used as a basic element of competitiveness evaluation for a tactic...

This article analyzes the features of small business activity in the conditions of regional exclavity. The author shows that these conditions have both positive and negative impact on small business development. The combination of the specificity of small enterprises as business entities and the distinctive features of exclave regions and the subsequent assessment of the significance and nature of the impact of such traits made it possible to identify and characterize the most important of them....

This article formulates the problems of concept process analysis. The author analyses a set of concept procedures and identifies the bases for their classification. Different classifications of concept procedures are presented in article. 1.  Бойко А.   П. Логический анализ структуры классификации: авто­реф. дис. ... канд. филос. наук. М., 1983. 2.  Брюшинкин В.   Н. Логика. Мышление. Информация. Л., 1988. 3.  Войшвилло Е.   К., Дегтярев М.   Г. Логика как часть теории познания и науч­ной методологии...

This article examines Russian philosophy of history abroad. The author identifies the features of object of research and gives its general characteristics. 1.  Лиотар Ж.-Ф. Состояние постмодерна. М.; СПб., 1998. 2.  Раев М. Россия за рубежом: история культуры русской эмиграции. 1919— 1939. М., 1994. 3.  Рорти Р. Историография философии: четыре жанра // Джохадзе И.   Д. Неопрагматизм Ричарда Рорти. М., 2001. С. 180—198. 4.  Рорти Р. Постмодернистский буржуазный либерализм // Джохадзе И.  ...

The author proves that any image formed within political discourse is, in terms of its meaning, a mental object. It is claimed that, within discourse, the image of politics and the institutional practices of its formation are rather of psychological nature as well as that discourse register affects our perception of social objects of the world. 1.  Филлипс Л.   Дж., Йоргенсен М.   В. Дискурс-анализ. Теория и метод / пер. с англ. Харьков, 2004. 2.  Рорти Р. Философия и зеркало природы. URL : ...

This article analyses the results of a sociological study conducted at the “Yantar” shipyard. The authors focus on the principal aspects of social management of a work collective and identify the basic problems faced by workers in the modern conditions. 1.  Струмилин С.   Г. Проблемы экономики труда. М., 1957. 2.  Подмарков В.   Г. Человек в мире профессий // Вопросы филосо­фии. 1972. №   8. 3.  Тощенко Ж.   Т. Социальное планирование в СССР . М., 1981. 4.  Иванов В.   Н. Трудовой коллектив —...

This article is dedicated to the definition of the concept of voluntary renunciation of criminal purpose. Through analysing criminal statutes and criminal law literature, the author identifies and examines the features of voluntary renunciation of criminal purpose: objective termination of intended crime, voluntariness, finality, and timeliness. The article offers a definition of voluntary renunciation of criminal purpose 1.  Звечаровский И.   Э. Добровольный отказ от доведения преступления до...

The Kaliningrad region, as an exclave of the Russian Federation, which does not have common borders with the main part of the country, is significantly dependent in its development on the external situation, including the military-political environment. The latter determines the ratio of the military and civilian components of regional development, as well as the military-strategic significance of the region for Russia, the number and composition of the Russian military forces in the region. In doing...

Environmental and land management systems at the regional level are the main object of management at large. The scripts for developing manage­ment programs include analysis and assessment of the regional environmental ma­nagement system and the history of its setup, identification of the main trends, development of the most rational scenarios for its development and cor­rection based on monitoring. The article considers the main provisions of the concept plan of regional nature management systems...

The macro-region Nonblack Soil Zone plays an important role in the development of the Russian economy, ensuring its food security. With the transition of the country to market relations, the distribution of agricultural production in all its regions has been transformed. These changes for the Nonblack Soil Zone have not been properly studied. This study focuses on the patterns of change in the location of agricultural production in the Nonblack Soil Zone. Research methodology relies on a combination...

There is a large number of ways to measure the size of the spleen by ultrasonography. Methodically correct examination is the key to the accurate determination of splenomegaly. The article describes well-known methods for determining its size and volume, which are used in sonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The aim of the study is to identify the most accurate way to measure the volume of the spleen during ultrasound examination. Therefore, the authors performed the ultrasound...

The center-periphery theory is one of the oldest and most frequently applied theories in spatial development. The aim of this article is to conduct a critical analysis of the center-periphery theory at the present stage, highlighting its strengths and weaknesses. To achieve this objective, an analysis was conducted of Russian and foreign works by specialists from various fields who have studied the center-periphery theory. The essential features of the theory and its transformation over time in terms...

The study focuses on world financial centers (GFCs), which have different functions, and, forming a network of GFCs, ensure the integration of the countries into the world financial system (WFS). But within the framework of the GFC network, the global financial centers that are part of it, may differentiate significantly and experience inequality. The geography of the research is wide, covering the global and regional levels. The typology drawn up in the work focuses on the functional differentiation...

The goal of the research is to study how much the mobile electronic devices affect the vision of medical students and assess the degree of impact in relation to the occurrence of eyesight complaints, in particular computer visual syndrome, and to identify the factors that contribute to visual impairment. The author aims at developing measures for the hygienic education of medical students to reduce adverse effects of the use of mobile electronic devices on future doctors. 518 medical students of...

... were indigenous people, some came from the USSR, and the rest were immigrants from the central voivodeships of Poland. In general, post-war migrations in the Southeastern Baltic significantly affected the development of three specific types of regional identities.

The article is devoted to studying the territorial patterns of the formation of an innovative space and ensuring innovation security at a municipal level. The geogra­phy of the study covers the municipalities of the Rostov region. The analysis of some indicators of innovative activity characterizing the level of provision of residents and small and medium-sized businesses of municipali­ties in the region with financial and information and communication services, supporting the entrepreneurial infra­structure...

Submarine groundwater discharge is widespread in the Southern Baltic and creates specific conditions for the formation of benthic ecosystems. Groundwater has hydrochemical characteristics that are different from sea water, which is reflected in the chemical composition of bottom sediments and waters. In addition, underground runoff from the aquifers of the zone of active water exchange, along with river runoff and atmospheric deposition, can serve as a significant factor in the pollution of the marine...

The production of bioethanol from non-food feedstock is considered to be a promising alternative to conventional ethanol production from food crops. However, a number of significant technological drawbacks does not allow the industrial production of bioethanol. There is the problem of screening the most effective microorganisms-producers in particular. Due to multicomponent composition of substrate, the use of several strains of microorganisms is considered to be more effective than that of one strain...

The results are summed up on the introduction of 70 taxa of plants of the genus Acer L. in the Kaliningrad region (since 1922). The history of the introduction of plants in the collection fund of the region, taxonomic composition, distribution in various functional objects of landscaping, protected areas and forest phytocenoses of the region, seasonal rhythm of development has been studied; Biomorphological and ecotypic structures have been identified; an assessment of environmental plasticity and...

Quarantine measures are difficult working conditions that require the highest degree of mobilization and dedication from the specialists of a medical institution. Due to the acute shortage of medical personnel in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, many medical students were involved in the fight against the new coronavirus infection, for which most of them were not ready. Any stressful situation, especially of such intensity as the current pandemic, always inevitably leads to the destruction of...

The role of tourism in the development of rural areas could be confirmed, on the one hand, by the income received from this activity by the owners of ru­ral estates and guest houses. On the other hand, tourism, and above all its na­ture-oriented forms, contribute to the sustainable development of the territory. The aim of the research is to identify the resource potential of the rural areas in the coastal municipalities of the Kaliningrad region for organizing recrea­tional routes as one of the promising...

The study examines the spatial and temporal distribution of global scien­tific knowledge on social innovation in rural areas. It is possible to assess the scientific productivity of a particular thematic area using the methods of sci­entometrics, which make it possible to compare the achievements of countries, regions and individual researchers, as well as to organize data on the infor­mation flow of scientific publications. The Scopus abstract database was taken as the data source, and the VOSviewer...

The innovation development dynamics of coastal regions is under the growing influence of the agglomeration factor and the coastalization factor, which results in polarizing the innovation space around large cities and urban agglomerations in the coastal zone. Coastal agglomerations act as drivers for regional development, concentrating a significant part of the population, eco­nomic entities, scientific, technological, and financial infrastructure, drawing resources from other municipalities. This...

Catatonia is an important syndrome found in both psychiatry and gen­eral medicine. However, identification and treatment of this phenomenon is difficult without modern diagnostic scales for catatonia. Purpose — to describe the cases of inhibited and excitable catatonia in adolescents with affective disorders. Methods — clinical observation in accordance with the ICD-10 diagnos­tic criteria for affective disorders in depression and mania, the use of Beck de­pression scale, Beck anxiety scale...

The article is aimed at reconstructing the paleoecological conditions in the Gdansk Basin of the Baltic Sea in the Late Holocene. The hydrological and hydrochemical conditions of its isolated bottom layer are strongly influenced by water exchange with the North Sea, which in connected to the World Ocean. Information on environmental conditions in the past is necessary to understand the observed changes in the Baltic Sea ecosystem, to identify the natural and anthropogenic components of these changes...

Rural settlement in Russia and its dynamics are subject to the general laws of spatial development of the economy and demography, the most im­portant of which is polarization. At the same time, regional settlement sys­tems differ greately due to both physical and economic geographical factors, which may show some discrepencies because of the vast country's territory. These differences are taken into account in the Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation, but require further study through...

In the late XX — early XXI centuries, the growth of marine activity is one of the most obvious and significant global trends. The multidimensional "turn" to the Sea is fully inherent in modern Russia. The article attempts to comprehend and conceptualize the effects of the spatial concentration of the national "marine" economy, as well as its complex formation and clusteriza­tion in the framework of the conceptual development of the "strongholds of coastal borderlands"...

As part of the study, the authors have considered the Interreg Programme as a tool for the cross-border cooperation development. The projects granted from «Russia — Lithuania» Interreg Cross-Border Cooperation (CBC) Pro­gramme 2014—2020 and «Poland — Russia» Interreg CBC Programme 2014—2020 have been the research subjects. The authors have identified the most active actors of cross-border cooperation from the Kaliningrad region and the border regions of Lithuania and Poland and have compared the...

The aim of the article is to analyze the level and frequency of the psycho­pathology prevalence (stress-related disorders) in adolescent girls and women of fertile age and to identify the relationship with contextual factors that ad­versely affect health. The research found that the most important contextual factors affecting psychological health and the prevalence of psychopathologies in adolescent girls and women of fertile age are family environment, the lack of supportive intrafamily relationships...

The article focuses on the issues of innovative development of coastal ag­glomerations, as advancement drivers for the regions of Southern Russia, which experience a reduction in contact potential in modern geo-economic conditions that complicates international economic and technological coopera­tion. The aim of the study is to identify the specifics of the information metab­olism processes as the basis of innovative development taking place in the Ros­tov agglomeration being the largest coastal...

The agricultural land dynamics is one of the central issues of land use in Europe and Russia. Each historical period is characterized by its own model of agricultural land use. The analysis of its dynamics in the North-West of Rus­sia and the Baltic countries was based on the following parameters: the area of cultivated agricultural land and the rate of change, the grain yield and its dy­namics. Database analysis from 1848—52 until 2015—18 allowed to identify the stages of the agricultural land management...

The article focuses on territorial interests as one of the fundamental con­cepts of social geography which reveal both objective and subjective character. The primary territorial interest of the region is the efficient economic devel­opment, while losses and risks are minimal. The population opinion poll con­ducted in the Smolensk region identifies the priority areas in economic and so­cial policy. The article also points out to the difference in opinions of the popu­lation and the political elite...

The innovative development of a region is the essential condition for in­creasing its competitiveness. The reintegration of the Republic of Crimea into the Russian Federation requires considerable efforts aimed at overcoming ex­ternal geo-economic barriers in socio-economic development, as well as at re­vitalizing the economic activities of enterprises, including production highly demanded innovative items. Given the new information concept of the Repub­lic of Crimea the paper attempts to analyze...

The article focuses on changes in the composition of the Pregolya water eco-systems in the city of Kaliningrad due to the anthropogenic transfor­mation of the coastal area from 2013 to 2018. The work identifies the modern structure of the Pregolya eco-systems. The research included standard meth­ods of studying the aquatic vegetation. The lower current of the river Preg­olya within the Kaliningrad city borders is studied for the period from 2013—2019. The associations are named in the traditions...

The article is devoted to the urgent problem of economic security of the Russian border regions, directly adjacent to Ukraine: Kursk, Belgorod, Voro­nezh, Rostov and Krasnodar regions. The study is going to assess the level of economic security in these regions, as well as its dynamics after 2014, taking into account cyclical features and long-term trends that have been in effect since the early 2000s. Having analyzed the research papers and public dis­course, the study built the picture of intraregional...

The exclave and coastal position of the Kaliningrad region determines the development conditions that differ from other regions, including those of the regional innovation subsystem. The most important and integral part of this subsystem which actually ensures the interaction of its components, is trans­fer of technologies. The main "holders" of technologies in the Kaliningrad re­gion are the universities. Kaliningrad State Technical University performs 37.6 % of the work in the area of...

The areas of disturbed bedding, which are considered as glaciodislocations are one of the structural features of the Quaternary strata of the Kaliningrad Region. Known for a century and a half and characterized by a variety of forms, they have not yet been practically studied, and there is very little knowledge of their formation mechanisms. Meanwhile, some of the disloca­tions, such as the glacial blocks, may be of interest as amber deposits. The aim of the work is to characterize and systematize...

The study discusses the key current problems and parameters of the mo­dern fishing industry in Russia. Given the EU and US restrictive measures towards Russia and reciprocal food import restrictions by our country, the condition of the domestic fishing industry is of particular interest. The article analyzes the quantitative parameters of the industry, identifies key leading companies, shows the dynamics of the number of enterprises in the coastal regions from 2007 to 2017, and reveals the geographical...

The article evaluates the economic security of the Rostov region, a west­ern border region of Russia under the conditions of geoeconomic turbulence. Using complementary methods of the economic-statistical analysis of dynamic series and expert interviewing, the author describes multidimensional intra-regional processes triggered by external economic shifts. Empirical research shows a decrease in several economic indicators and the response of the re­gion's economy to external challenges. The Rostov...

Population dynamics is one of the key categories of socio-economic development of territories. Cities, as the main carriers of innovative potential, need constant influx of human resources. The purpose of this article is to identify the nature of the influence of the cities’ coastal position on the dynamics of their population by the example of the Baltic region countries. The dependence of the popultaion dynamics on the coastal location of the city is studied with the reference to the methods of...

The article reviews the influence of various factors on the accuracy and reproducibility of liver stiffness measurements using shear wave elastography (SWE), as well as on the reliability of judgments about the norm and patholo­gy. The tasks included analyzing the factors affecting the accuracy of meas­urements of liver stiffness depending on the equipment; testing various SWE techniques for their advantages and disadvantages; identifying the factors de­pending on the patient (body mass index, gender...

The authors have conducted a comprehensive assessment of Kaliningrad suburban areas and identified the coastal landscape and recreation area within the ring road impact. Comprehensive analysis resulted in the typology of in­ter­nal areas considering how favorable they can be for further recreation and tou­rism development. The article brings about certain ideas for the further use of Kaliningrad seaside suburbian recreational spaces in the frames of sus­tainable developmenthave. 1. Белоусов В....

The “gravitational force” of the sea is an important factor in regional de­velopment, and though it has not been sufficiently studied, it has received in­creasing attention in the last two decades. The article focuses on the economic features of 11 federal subjects of the Russian Federation located along its mar­itime borders in the west of the Arctic, Baltic and Azov-Black Sea basins. The regions under study vary from each other, but each of them plays a vital role in the country's economy. The...

The combination of two major economic and geographical factors — the presence of the border and access to the sea — largely determine the features of socio-economic development of the coastal regions of the Western borderlands of Russia and, as a consequence, the migration processes here. The purpose of the article is to identify the importance of these factors for migration in the coastal regions of the Western borderlands of Russia. The study showed that almost all the studied regions use their...

The article focuses on the results of a sociological survey of the city resi­dents the main purpose of which is to identify the features of the geographical image of their city. The authors attempt at answering the question whether the comprehensive image of urban geospace coincides with the urban devel­opment tasks stated by the urban planners, city government and architects. The methodology designed by the authors determines the interview as a pri­mary tool for collecting research material. The...

After the demise of the USSR the Kaliningrad region became a Russian exclave, geographically separated from the rest of Russia by foreign states. The development of the region became dependent on external factors, including Russia’s political relations with foreign countries, NATO and EU. Geopoliti­cal changes required adjustments in the region’s socio-economic development strategy. In the period of 1991 to 2018 three comprehensive strategies suc­ceeded one another: Special economic zone (SEZ) strategy...

While transiting to an innovation economy, cities are the most important centres of concentration of intellectual capital. However, their distribution around the territory of the country is not even. Various Russian cities also demonstrate significant differences between the systems of new scientific knowledge reproduction. The article focuses on the mesoscale study of spatial patterns in concentration of national centres of competence. The scientific cen­tres are classified according to their ability...

A retrospective review of previously obtained results of regional geomor­phological studies, their chronological systematization, highlighting the main results and the nature of research at every stage of study can serve a good in­troduction to this field of science. The article focuses on the papers of the late 19th century on geological-geomorphological and eco-landscape studies of the Russian sector of the southeastern part of the Baltic Sea. The chronological stages of research development are...