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The article explores the history of chess in Königsberg in the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century. The author gives the data on competitions held in the capital of East Prussia, as well as biographical data on players and chess composers who lived there and visited Königsberg. The reconstruction of the history of the chess movement includes the localization of chess clubs in the city. The researcher states, that in the 1850s — 1870s chess clubs with general and specialized membership flourished in the city. The Königsberg Academic Chess Club was the example of the latter. From 1878 until ...

... infrastructure development on the regional level. Special attention is given to the foreign experience concerning the role of regional authorities in formation and development of small- and medium-sized business supporting infrastructure. 1.  Антикризисные ... ... февраля 2007 г . №   57) (с изм. от 22 октября 2008 г .). URL: http://www.gov39.ru 6.  Bennet R. Local Business Taxes: Theory and Practice // Oxford Review of Eco­nomic Policy. 1987. V. 3, № 2. P. 61. 7.  Pohoryles ...

... “Svet,” “Nedelya,” and “Russkoe Slovo” dedicated to the activities of the Commission for the Revision of the Statute on Civil Service of 1895. By utilizing data from unpublished documents of the Russian State Historical Archive (RGIA), the author aims to answer questions regarding public opinion towards civil ranks, the reform of the civil rank system, and how this issue was reflected in periodicals of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The results of the content analysis complement ...

... implementation. This article analyzes the historical development of TPSGs in Russia, noting a renewed interest in this form of organi­zation following 2015, reflected particularly in the active emergence of new TPSGs. The study compares TPSGs as a form of local self-organization with other formats, including NPOs. The authors conclude that, while there are several differences between TPSGs and NPOs, the primary distinction lies in their foundational principles: NPOs are formed around a common goal (tasks or problems to be addressed), whereas TPSGs are based on territorial ...

... the region’s geographical position and history. The region’s history was used extensively in the Soviet time for political and ideological purposes. The current confrontation between Russia and the West lends new urgency to the problem of teaching local history, ninety percent of which is the history of a territory that once belonged to Germany — today, a pillar of the EU and a member of NATO. The author examines whether it is reasonable to draw on international experience in patriotic education. The subject ‘History of West Russia: The Kaliningrad Region’ was taken off the school timetable. The article stresses the need to teach a course on ...

... (hierarchist, egalitarian, individualist, fatalist) being reproduced within the structure of the cultural preferences of the local com­munities. Different scales are being analyzed and tested, the application of the two of them is proven to be good for ... ... origi­nal methodology is being applied for the assessment of the cultural types con­sistency in intense communication. The authors give a statistical account for the consistency of the cultural attitudes of the respondents. Using factor anal­ysis, ...

... the last years of the USSR and RSFSR and the first years of the Russian Federation, as well as its role in the political system and the social life of modern Russia. The author identifies the key contradictions in power relations between public and local authorities. 1. Конституция Рос. Федерации [Электронный ресурс]. Доступ из справ.- правовой системы «КонсультантПлюс» (дата обращения: 16.07.2013). 2. ...

... characterized by the growing role of municipal taxes and overall decline in public transfers. In the Russian Federation, municipal budgets depend crucially on the mechanism of federal and municipal tax redistribution at this stage of municipal reform. The author comes to the conclusion that legal innovations in the field of the tax base of local autonomies in Russia follow the pattern of the Italian local autonomy reform. 1.        Федеральный закон об общих принципах реализации местного самоуправ­ления в РФ N ...

... of spatial networking inherent of various forms of interactions within the territorial socio-economic system of a region. The author offers a classification of spatial networks, identifies and describes types of spatial boundaries of different types of ... ... Harvard Business Review. 2006. № 84. P. 98—110. 33. Amin A., Thrift N. Globalization, institutional ’thickness’ and the local economy // Managing Cities: The New Urban Context / ed. by P. Healey, S. Cameron, S. Davoudi [et al.]. Chichester, 1995....

The article focuses on key characteristics of modern universities (global, scientific and entrepreneurial) ones. The authors discuss prospects of the strategic development of the university in the Russian exclave. 1.      Aleksandrov D.... ... entrepreneurial universities: organizational path­ways of transformation. Paris. 11. Malizia, E., Feser, E. 2000. Understanding local economic development. New Jersey. 12. Mohrmana, K., Ma, W., Baker, D. 2008. Higher Education Policy, № 21, pp. 5—27....

... performs a retrospective analysis of its transformation. Special attention is paid to the institutional aspects of the problem. The author explores constraints and threats to the development of innovation and innovation security of the Kaliningrad region. 1.... ... Technologies in a Changing. Cambridge MA, 1992. 19. Asheim B. T., Isaksen А. Regional Innovations Systems: The Integration of Local «Sticky» and Global «Ubiquitious Knowledge» // The Journal of Technological Transfer. 2002. № 27. P. 77—88. 20. ...

... innovations in the Rus-sian system of lifelong learning, the author justifies the viability of one the vectors of development of nonformal education. The article stresses the consol-idating potential of nonformal mixed-age education at the level of local com-munities of a modern metropolis. The author emphasises the need to support their development to promote cultural continuity and create conditions for the personal development of different generations. 1. Илакавичус М. Р. Неформальное образование для ...

The article develops an ‘ideal city’ theme and focuses on the relationships of its statics and dynamics in a mobile local-global context. The author offers the defini­tions of these two notions under historical and modern conditions, and determines the specificity of the ‘ideal city’ as a complex socio-biotechnical system both dependent on the scale of it (local, na­tional, global) and its posi­tion within the dynamic global whole. Then, the ideal city notion is analyzed in two aspects: as a channel of presentation of a model of future living envi­ronment, and as a form of its application to the goal ...

... community: geographic, formative, dominant interaction and development proximities among others. Using clusters as an example the author proves that the formation of unique characteristics of various forms of spatial networking is defined by the essential ... ... Studies. 2005. № 39. P. 61—74. 17. Brusco S. Small firms and the provision of real services // Industrial districts and local economic regeneration. Geneva, 1992. P. 177—96. 18. Korotka M. A. Proximity factors influencing academics’ decisions ...

... and the Kaliningrad Region is conducted, inter alia, through euroregional structures functioning in the border areas. The analysis of this issue is vital for further cooperation in the Polish-Russian borderland, especially after the conclusion of the local border traffic agreement in 2012. The authors come to a conclusion that the implementation of the local border traffic agreement can improve cross-border relations but it will not significantly change the role of the Kaliningrad region in the Polish foreign policy. 1. Chełminiak, M., Kotowicz,...

... globalization in international relations stretches back to the 19th century, thus globalization is an irreversible process. On the other hand, globalization attaches international significance to historical events that were earlier considered as being of local importance. The author proves the latter statement through comparing Russian and Estonian discourses on the relationship between the events which took place in Tallinn in September 1944 and April 2007. Highlighting the differences between the two discourses may help ...

The author studies the activity of Russian military engineers operating under the command of D. I. Debosket in the army of S. F. Apraksin ... ... including the lack of military engineers in the field due to their presence at the front line, the limited possibility to engage the local population in the fortifications’ restoration, as well as poor funding for construction work. The research focuses on ...

... related to local objects and popular dishes of Indian national cuisine. The artistic pragmatics of realia words in the novel "Midnight’s Children" is characterized. The role of toponyms is characterized by their involvement in structuring the local coordinates of the textual continuum. It has been demonstrated that the nominations of national dishes used by the author serve to intensify the development of plotlines in artistic narrative. The realia words of this group function in the novel as means of creating social color, markers of significant events in the characters' lives, indicators of the characters' ...

The article studies complexes of documents that were compiled in the Executive Authorities’ Archives and that are connected with citizens’ appeals to different authorities. The author reveals that it was the local executive bodies that chiefly processed citizens’ appeals, most of which were returned to the Executive Committee for them to be finally solved. Such applications concerned first of all citizens’ particular daily needs, such as electricity and ...

... Archives of Socio- Political History, and the State Archive of the Kaliningrad Region to trace the Russianisation of German toponyms. The decision to establish workers’ settlements in the Kaliningrad region was discussed in September 1946 — July 1947. Local authorities sought to create more settlements of the kind. However, the RSFSR leadership insisted on the establishment of one resort settlement and four workers’ villages. Numerous toponyms were proposed, many of them were changed several times. The ...