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... The following historical facts are analysed: the loss of Great Power status by Spain, the emergence of England as a leader of global economy, and the situation in Russia. The analysis is conducted in the light of the specific character of educational system in each of the above-mentioned countries.

... for Germany rapidly became the focus of attention of political scientists, sociologists, psychologists, etc. It was assumed that Alternative for Germany could have several main scenarios of development: gradually move closer to the center and become a systemic party, disappear after several electoral cycles, or continue moving to the right. By the elections to the Parliament in 2021, the party strengthened its positions in the eastern regions of the country, while continuing to shift to the right. ...

... allows them to be used in economic activities, for example in tourism; and the economic well-being of their owners, in turn, allows them to seek funds for their restoration and reconstruction. Legal aspects have a key role to play in optimising the system of “protection-use”. Different countries have different laws governing this relationship. While both Russia and Germany are at the forefront of this issue, there are also differences, which, if identified and compared, would further optimise ...

The paper aims at examining the main communication strategies used by those involved into risk communication on the governmental regulations on the management of the adverse aftermaths of the crises (on the case of COVID-19 pandemics). In order to extract and classify the set of comments, a three-factor model was developed to classify the texts and comments through S. Hall’s 'encoding/decoding' model, N. Luhmann’s functional subsystems theory, and communicational strategies' types. Using tools for...

... “geopolitical security” concept as such a state of security of the geopolitical space of society from threats and vulnerabilities that it can ensure the unhindered survival and development of this very society. It is argued that geopolitical security is a systemic phenomenon, and its implementation is also a systemic phenomenon, for which constant monitoring of its current state is important. The author’s definition of the concept of “monitoring the state of geopolitical security” is given as a study ...

The article analyzes the preventive function of the notary, defines the concept and place of the notary in the Russian legal system and among the bodies of civil jurisdiction, reveals the issues of notarial mediation, makes some proposals for improving the legislation. The notary, as an institution of preventive justice, carries out pre-trial resolution of conflicts, ensures ...

The article considers the main milestones of the formation and develop­ment of forensic medical expert activity in the structure of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation. Following a series of articles, the cur­rent one highlights the most significant cases of individual investigative ac­tions with the participation of a specialist in the field of forensic medicine. The five-year practice has been re-examined: from the first forensic medical exami­nation in 2015 to the establishment...

... to the more European nature of the Russian mentality, more dynamically contrasting, difficult events in the history of Russia as a serious factor in the formation and work of the CPSU (in particular, this explains the factional movement, multiparty system as a condition for functioning, the rigidity of politics, etc.); at the same time, the desire of the Chinese for harmony, the philosophic nature of their thinking, greater traditionalism cause a smaller number of factions in the CPC, possibly "soft" ...

The Constitution of the Russian Federation guarantees every citizen the right to health protection and medical care. The practical exercising of these rights depends on the productive work of the healthcare system and the efforts of the state to maintain and develop it. Corruption in the medical environment continues to be a frequent phenomenon, creating a barrier to equal access of patients to medical care and related services, reducing the effectiveness ...

The study focuses on the evolution of the financial system that has created prerequisites for the world capital to re-evaluate the investment potential of individual assets. This turned out to be extremely relevant for cryptocurrencies as well. The purpose of this study is to systematize various points ...

... between the board, foremen and ordinary collective farmers, the problem of compliance with labor regulations and discipline, the reasons and ways of avoiding farmers from working in agricultural artel are in the focus of the research. The collective farm system is concluded to be inefficient as it forced the peasants to resort to such survival strategies, which provided for the search for additional earnings and obtaining means of subsistence outside the collective farm.

The relevance of the study of judicial activity is determined by the need to improve its quality. Judicial activity directly affects the implementation of various human rights and freedoms, one of which is the right to a fair trial. In addition, knowledge about judicial activity needs to be systematized and generalized in order to use it most effectively. Judicial activity, as a rule, is considered while a number of other relevant aspects are being studied rather than as an independent category....

... Constitution with a new one. The author aims to study possible effects of constitutional reforms and the stability of the Constitution. He substantiates his position regarding the amendment of the main law. The author employs methods of historical, systemic, comparative legal and dialectical logic analysis. The following forms of the development of the Constitution have been identified: revision, amend­ment, adoption or perfection of the existing sub-constitutional normative legal acts, official ...

... subcycles of shorter length (taking into account their phase shift), which is analogous to the acoustic beat effect in the propagation of wave phe­nomena in natural environments. The same phenomenon becomes a factor of vulnerability of the regional system in relation to irregularly occurring and turbulently developing impulses of the external environment. The theoretical model and hypothesis are verified on the basis of empirical data on the Western border regions of Russia as the most vulnerable ...

... decisions on investing in gold. The first part of the article de­scribes the influence of geopolitical processes on the dynamics of the price of gold and the degree of its relevance. To achieve this goal the author employs the observation method and systemic, comparative and retrospective analyses. The global market of gold has its permanent professional participants, the in­vestment behaviour of whom directly affects the revaluation of the precious metal. There is another group of market participants ...

The article reflects the results of a study of large Russian cities (with a population of more than 100 thousand people, as well as smaller cities with the status of regional capitals), emphasizing two strategically important groups: coastal centers and cities of the Western borderlands of Russia. Hav­ing applied economic-statistical analysis for 6 indicators (average salaries and per capita measures of the number of organizations and enterprises, retail trade turnover and public catering, commissioning...

... Vol. 41 (3). P. 235—260. 6. Hiltunen R. Neuvostoliitto ja Suomi: hyviä naapureita ja ystäviä. Moskova, 1986. 7. Hiltunen R. Neuvostoliitto ja Suomi: esimerkki hyvästä naapuruudesta. Moskova, 1988. 8. Kansikas S. Dismantling the Soviet Security System. Soviet Finnish Negotia­tions on Ending Their Friendship Agreement, 1989—91 // The International History Review. 2017. 22 P. URL: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/figure/10.1080/07075 332.2017.1398177?scroll=top&needAccess=true#aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGFuZGZvbm­xpbmUuY29tL2RvaS9wZGYvMTAuMTA4MC8wNzA3NTMzMi4yMDE3LjEzOTgxN ...

... interconnected elements and the totality of interacting objects. The findings revealed the weaknesses of state institutions of the PNA, the significant influence of the executive branch and power structures, which are overgrown with client rela­tions and systemic corruption. It is noted that the state budget is formed not only from donor assistance, but also from income received internally. In fact, PNA has become a system in which plutocracy reigns supreme. The interde­pendence of the head of state,...

... This policy aims to develop social institutions and improve the quality of life of Russian citizens. The authors studied the state and coherence of social legislation in Russia and abroad. The correlation and regulatory fea­tures of different legal systems are analysed. Special attention was paid to the level of systematization of social legislation, its accessibility and the feasibility of its implementation. Legal regulation of social relations is considered against the background of other factors ...

... X., Serra M. The innovative potential of small municipalities: From theory to practice // Revista Espanola De Investigaciones Soci­ologicas. 2019. № 168. P. 3—20. doi: 10.5477/cis/reis.168.3. 5. De Marchi V., Grandinetti R. Regional innovation systems or innovative re­gions? Evidence from Italy // Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografie. 2017. № 108 (2). P. 234—249. doi: 10.1111/tesg.12217. 6. Druzhinin A. G., Gorochnya V. V., Gontar N. V. et al. Transboundary clusters in the ...

... group”, “Degree of autonomy / conformism towards cultural-group influence”, “Predominant focus on positive / negative experience”, “Detachment / involvement in the process of cross-cultural inter­actions”. Qualitative differences in the system of values of young representa­tives of the main ethnocultural groups of Crimea, Russians and Crimean Ta­tars, towards mastering the Russian language as a macro-mediator have been defined. Having analysed the data obtained during the interviews,...

The article investigates the crime situation as an object of focus of crimi­nological and criminal justice measures of crime prevention. The methodology of the research relied on both general scientific methods (logical and systemic methods, method of analysis) and the method of formal legal analysis for in­terpreting the norms of criminal procedure and criminal law. The author demonstrates the growing attention to the crime situation, and this awareness contributes to ...

....org/gold_silver_prices/whats- the-difference-between-the-london-and-new-york-gold-and-silver-prices.php (дата обращения: 27.03.2019). 8. Xan Rice. Gold: In search of a new standard: The London fix has been in place for almost a century but critics say the system needs reform // Financial Times. April 14, 2014. URL: https://www.ft.com/content/e31b0f44-b0e5-11e3-bbd4-00144f eab7de #axzz2z9w4p5CN (дата обращения: 01.04.2019).

... The author of the article aims to prove the urgency of mediation for the criminal process, changing the concept of criminal prosecu­tion in relation to accused juveniles. Methodologically, the article relies on general scientific methods: logical and systemic ones, the method of analysis and comparison. The author argues that mediation is possible only in relation to minors aged 14 to 16 years. The mediation criteria system is analyzed and the obtained results are based both on the theoretical postulates ...

... A framework for ‘City Prosperity Index’: linking indicators, analysis and policy // Habitat International. 2015. Vol. 45. P. 3—9. 26. Yigitcanlar T. Position paper: benchmarking the performance of global and emerging knowledge cities // Expert Systems with Applications. 2014. Vol. 41, № 12. P. 5549—5559. 27. Yigitcanlar T., Velibeyoglu K., Martinez-Fernandez C. Rising knowledge cities: the role of knowledge precincts // Journal of Knowledge Management. 2008. Vol. 12 (5). P. 8—20.

... racial issue, which includes a large amount of different social problems. These problematic developed after the Second World War and still stay a very important. This article provides an analysis of the evolution of special lobbies in British political system, and their influence on the creation of political decisions in this sphere of migration in 1965. The research was created in the functional paradigm, which provides to explore relationships between government structures and political currents of ...

The issue of regional development involves the study of growth drivers in a competitive, innovative and open environment. In these conditions, cluster forms of integration are considered as centers of economic and innovative re­gional development. The article examines a specialized agro-industrial com­plex that is developing at the interregional level on the coast of the Azov and Black Seas — in the Krasnodar Territory and the Rostov Region. The aim of the work is to analyze the actors, prerequisites...

... different types of assessment – administrative, ranking and scientific ones. Each type of assessment has its own parameters – the subject of assessment, frequency, tools, specific methodology, and others. The authors stress the necessity of a more systemic approach to assessing the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation based on the principles of sustainable development. 1. Социально-экономические показатели РФ в 1991—2016 гг. URL: http://www....

... corresponds to a value of ≥ 50%. The established import-replacing share of regional engineering industry can be achieved due to a mechanism for ensuring the spatial and economic collaboration between import replacing entities of the regional economic system. 1. Архипов А., Городецкий А., Михайлов Б. Экономическая безопасность. Оценки, проблемы, способы обеспечения // Вопросы экономики. 1994. № 12....

... department. The arti­cle concludes that the modern academic department should be the center of training for researchers, academic and pedagogical staff. It is the head of the department who is the center to everything, a key element in the management system, which forms a cohesive team of professionally trained people able to solve a variety of tasks. 1. Варкулевич Т. В. Роль кафедры государственного вуза в формиро­вании его инвестиционной ...

... relationships of its statics and dynamics in a mobile local-global context. The author offers the defini­tions of these two notions under historical and modern conditions, and determines the specificity of the ‘ideal city’ as a complex socio-biotechnical system both dependent on the scale of it (local, na­tional, global) and its posi­tion within the dynamic global whole. Then, the ideal city notion is analyzed in two aspects: as a channel of presentation of a model of future living envi­ronment, and ...

... Application and to Social and Theoreti­cal Sciences). URL: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3136014 (дата обращения: 11.02.2019). 8. Colubi A., Gonzalez-Rodriguez G. Fuzziness in data analysis: Towards accura­cy and robustness // Fuzzy Sets and Systems. 2015. Vol. 281. P. 260—271. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fss.2015.05.007 . 9. Godo L., Gottwald S. Fuzzy sets and formal logics // Fuzzy Sets and Systems. 2015. Vol. 281. P. 44—60. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fss.2015.06.021 . 10. ...

... demonstrate the need to optimize the databases and offer the most illustra­tive thematic maps. The study resulted in the analysis of practical experience gained in the “adaptation” of ready-made databases to the formation of geo­graphic information systems. 1. Амосов М. И. Историко-географическое атласное картографиро­вание: со­временные тенденции развития // Историческая география России: ...

In February 2007 Russia’s President Vladimir Putin made a speech at the Munich conference on security. In his speech, Vladimir Putin criticized the dominance policy pursued by the USA and its allies and spoke about the need to form a new system of world order based on partnership and good neighbourly relations between countries. Only these relations can ensure security and prosperity for the whole world. Unfortunately, Western leaders failed to respond to Vladimir Putin’s proposal and ...

... отпугнет туристов? URL: http://m.провэд.рф/article/42334-kupoptnyy-sbop-ppinesyot-milliapdy-publey-ili-otpugnyot-tupistov . html (дата обращения: 27.01.2017). 29. Stadt Mödling: Budget. URL: http://www.moedling.at/system/web/datei.aspx?menuonr=222560826&typid=225515075&detai... (дата обращения: 27.01.2017). 30. Налог на отпуск: как курортный сбор повлияет на стоимость отдыха в России....

The book review analyses the institutional project research methodology. The proposed methodology is based on the use of systemic analysis and deci­sion-making theory. A modern approach to the study of an institutional pro­ject and an invest­ment project as complex systems under uncertainty condi­tions has been used. Their comprehensive assessment is considered in many ...

... Chaos Control in Economic Model by Time-delayed Feedback Method // Physica A. 2000. Vol. 287, № 3—4. Р. 587—598. 19. Lorenz H. W. Nonlinear Dynamical Equations and Chaotic Economy. 2nd ed. Berlin, 1993. 20. Madden В. CFROI Valuation: A Total System Approach to Valuing the Firm. 1st ed. Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999. 21. Rawley T., Gup B. The Valuation Handbook: Valuation Techniques from Today's Top Practitioners. New Jersey, 2010

The article is a critical review of the PhD student V. Rubashkin’s research work. There are numerous factual, thematic and logical mistakes which affect the content of his research work. Special attention is paid to the necessity of a wider use of historical documents. 1. Бирковский В. Г. и др. История края (1945—1950) : учеб. пособие. Калининград, 1984. С. 43—51. 2. Восточная Пруссия. С древнейших времен до конца Второй мировой войны : Ист. очерки. Документы. Материалы. Калининград, 1996. С. 440—450...

The problem if interaction between the international financial law (IFL) and the EU law has become particularly vital in this integrational entity where a special legal system was created. It has been developing until now and carries the features of the both international and municipal law. Global financial crisis and subsequent sovereign debt crisis have substantially changed global financial architecture and led to ...

... the freedom of religion. The author analyses the principles of regulating the activity of religious organizations, and monitoring their interaction with different religious confessions in the Saratov region. Special attention is paid to the emerging system of partnership between the state and religious institutions, which is a key vector in the development of religious policy at the subnational level. 1. Лиценбергер О. А., Семенов Н. В. Этноконфессиональная ...

The article describes the system of methods of investigating crimes as a well-established form in the history of criminalistics. The success of the investigation of crimes depends on a comprehensive, objective examination of the circumstances of crimes, and on the correct choice ...

... Supervisory Board of the ECB at the LSE German Symposium, London, 2 March 2017. URL: https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/key/date/2017/html/sp170302.en.html (дата обращения: 26.06.2017). 11. Niinimaki J.-P. Spatial competition in the banking system: Alternative lending technologies and collateral assets // Journal of multinational financial management. 2016. Vol. 35. P. 93—109. 12. Polinsky M., Shavell S. Handbook of law and economics. Vol. 2, 1st Ed. North Holland, 2007. 13. Regulation ...

This article examines scientific approaches to scenario planning and analyses the algorithm of business development scenarios. The authors summarise a vast array of information. An analysis of external and internal environment of the fishing industry is carried out and the problems of regional industry development are identified and systematised. Based on a strategic analysis of the regional fishing industry, different development scenarios are formulated and possible strategic decisions considered...

... critically re-considers the neo-institutional approach to the essence of political rent. The notion of political anti-rent is introduced and substantiated. The author considers forms and significance of political rent in the political space of modern party systems. The article provides a quantitative evaluation of rents and anti-rents in political markets of some states. 1. Беккер Г. С. Человеческое поведение: экономический подход. Избранные труды ...

This article considers the purpose of the trial — establishing the truth through considering and resolving a criminal case. The authors present different perspectives on the position of the court during the examination and analyse the process of presenting evidence that determine the content and function of the criminal case consideration and its resolution. 1. Даровских С. М. Принцип состязательности и равноправия сторон в уголовном процессе России : науч.-практ. пособие. Челябинск, 2001. 2. Смирнов...

This article focuses on the characteristics of demographic development of the Kaliningrad region during the reform, crisis, and collapse of the Soviet administrative and political system. Priority attention is given to changes in the population reproduction model. It is concluded that the main trends in the regional population development were similar to the national ones, at the same time retaining the regional age. 1. Демографическая ...

This article explores current legal problems of national security in view of the need to improve the system of prevention of, and counteraction to, criminal threats. The author provides relevant statistics on crimes committed in Russia, analyses cause-effect relations behind the deterioration of national crime situation, and suggests integrated solutions ...

The article evaluates the achievements of Russian pre-revolutionary civil law as the basis for modern civil law. The author identifies the basic elements of the Russian system of civil law, which are unique in their character. The author draws a conclusion about certain similarities in defining the legal position of the state in pre-revolutionary and contemporary Russia. It is necessary to develop new concepts of state ...

The paper analyzes the role of the CPSU’s Kaliningrad Regional Committee in agricultural management in the Kaliningrad region in 1946—1965. The author estimates the performance of the Regional Committee in distributing powers between regional administrative structures, coordinating actions with Union authorities, and exercising control over agricultural productionand working conditions of Kolkhoz members. 1. Государственный архив Калининградской области (ГАКО). Ф. П-1 (Калининградский областной...

... addresses advanced training of teachers in the period between the reforms of 1960—1970 and 1984. Special attention is paid to the prereform optimization of teachers’ theoretical background and practical skills. The achievements and problems of the system of teachers’ advanced training in the Kaliningrad region are demonstrated in the case of the Guryevsk district. 1. Внедрение достижений педагогики в практику работы школы : сб. науч. тр....