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... is devoted to the analysis of influence of a certain set of factors on human capital reproduction financing. The basic factors are as follows: demographical factor, public sector development level, technological development, labor market situation, political factor, and the state of economy. 1.  Демографический ежегодник: стат. сб. Калининград, 2010. 2.  Казарян М.   А. Факторы воспроизводства человеческого ...

This article considers the category of economic consciousness as a key category of social philosophy. The consumer consciousness is distinguished as one of the main levels of economic consciousness. In a consumer society, the economic consciousness is manifested in such characteristics as pluralism, В uncertainty, fragmentariness, variability, contextuality and orientation to excessive consumption, commodification and sanctification of consumption and consumer goods. The fragmentation of consciousness...

... Вопросы истории. 2008. №   8. 9.  Потехин А.   В. Дипломатия США в Восточной Европе. 1945—1950 гг. Киев, 1991. 10.  Campbell J. Tito’s Separate Road. America and Yugoslavia in World Politics. N.Y., 1967. 11.  Miscamble W. George F. Kennan and the Making of American Foreign Policy, 1947—1950. Princeton, 1992. 12.  Foreign Relation of the United States. Diplomatic Papers. 1948. Vol. 4: Eastern Europe. The Soviet Union. Washington,...

The Kaliningrad region, as an exclave of the Russian Federation, which does not have common borders with the main part of the country, is significantly dependent in its development on the external situation, including the military-political environment. The latter determines the ratio of the military and civilian components of regional development, as well as the military-strategic significance of the region for Russia, the number and composition of the Russian military forces in the region. In doing...

... a radical transformation of the systems of nature management in the North-West of Russia and the Baltic countries include both World Wars, the economic crisis of the 1930s, government programs for economic recovery in the mid-1950s, the economic and political crisis of the early 1990s years and economic support programs that have been in effect since the early 2000s, sanctions and anti-sanctions.

... community and its needs, a modern rural library in the Russian space is designed to be not only a center for users to access information, but also a place of education, cultural and intellectual activities, adaptation of residents to rapidly changing political, socio-economic, and psychological conditions. The rural library should act as an institution of socialization through developing a system of traditional values and pre­serving local culture, positioning itself as an open platform and involving ...

... geography of Russia. Based on the eLibrary database, the scientific potential of Kaliningrad, and, above all, IKBFU is considered. IKBFU concentrates many economic geographers of the region (4 professors and 13 PhDs in the field of “Economic, social, political and recreational geography”). The article assesses the publication activity of university scientists using some scientometric indicators and presents the main directions of research conducted in 2018—2021. A list of the main projects carried ...

... onset of a new digital era, when knowledge and information are the most important resources of the economy and are the basis for innovation. Howev­er, accelerated digitalization, as well as slowed down, carries a significant number of economic, social, political, cultural, and other threats that can be partially mitigated by creating favorable basic conditions for digital transfor­mation. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to assess some quantitative indicators reflecting the readiness of ...

..., while losses and risks are minimal. The population opinion poll con­ducted in the Smolensk region identifies the priority areas in economic and so­cial policy. The article also points out to the difference in opinions of the popu­lation and the political elite of the region regarding the main vectors of eco­nomic development. The findings of the opinion polls can construct the socio­logical portrait of the region.

After the demise of the USSR the Kaliningrad region became a Russian exclave, geographically separated from the rest of Russia by foreign states. The development of the region became dependent on external factors, including Russia’s political relations with foreign countries, NATO and EU. Geopoliti­cal changes required adjustments in the region’s socio-economic development strategy. In the period of 1991 to 2018 three comprehensive strategies suc­ceeded one another: Special economic ...

... and compensatory measures of state support on regional socio-economic systems. The study offers a general conceptual vi­sion of geopolitical turbulence as a permanent (poorly predictable and only partially regulated) series of changes in the global political order as a whole and in the position of a particular country and its spatial units — regions and large urban agglomerations. Such changes are obvious and significant for so­ciety; they are reflected in the public consciousness and embodied ...

... Республики Польша и Калининградская область Российской Федерации: политические проблемы в процессе межрегионального сотрудничества // Youth World Politic.2016. № 2. С. 3—9. 10. Михайлова А. А. Инновационная инфраструктура Калининградской области: особенности и барьеры развития // Инновационное ...

... regionalnych: aspekty społeczne, ekonomiczne i przyrodnicze / red. S. Ciok, P. Migoń. Wrocław, 2010. S. 361—372. 35. Pyć D. Supraregion Morza Bałtyckiego // Regiony / red. Z. Brodecki. Warszawa, 2005. S. 338—350. 36. The Baltic Sea Region. Cultures, Politics, Societies / ed. by W. Maciejewski. Uppsala, 2002. 37. Williams L.-K. The Baltic Sea Region: Forms and Functions of Regional Cooperation // BaltSeaNet Working Papers, Gdańsk — Berlin. Berlin, 2001.

... (43). P. 107—136. 4. Catudal H. M. The Exclave Problem of Western Europe. Tuscaloosa, 1979. 5. Reid S. Canada Remapped: how the partition Quebec will reshape the nation. Vancouver, 1992. 6. Smith B. The Cognitive Geometry of War // Current Issues in Political Philosophy. Vienna, 1997. P. 394—403. 7. Whyte B. Waiting for the Esquimo: an historical and documentary study of the Cooch Behar enclaves of India and Bangladesh : PhD thesis // Research Paper. № 8. School of Anthropology, Geography and ...

... approach­es to, the delimitation of western border regions. As a result, I classi­fy seventeen constituent entities of Russia as western border regions. Another focus is the structuring of border regions based on environmental, climatic, positional, polit­ical-territorial, resource and economic, settlement-related, and other factors. I provide a multi-criteria typology in view of the actual and po­tential effect of ge­opolitical and geoeconomic turbulence on regional socioeco­nomic systems. ...

... spatial development in the 1970s and 1980s // Industrial Change and Regional Development / ed. by G. Benko, M. Dunford. L., 1991. P. 85—101. 53. Gereffi G., Humphrey J., Sturgeon T. The governance of global value chains // Review of International Political Economy. 2005. № 12(1). P. 78—104. 54. Gertler M. S. Being there — proximity, organization, and culture in the development and adoption of advanced manufacturing technologies // Economic Geography. 1995. № 71(1). P. 1—26. 55. Granovetter ...

... opinion. The Internet and printed local media have served as an object of research. Results of the research confirm a hypothesis that images crested by media usually do not correspond to real technical aspect of environmental risks and are addressed as a political problem. 1. Самотесов Е. Д., Тощева Г. П., Рыбальский Н. Г., Галкин Ю. Ю. Методология и основы организации общественного участия в процессе принятия ...

... мозаичности национального состава республик, краев и областей СССР //Советская этнография. 1976. № 2. С. 33—42. 14. Krugman P. Increasing Returns and Economic Geography // Journal of Political Economy. 1991. Vol. 99, № 3. P. 483—499.

The article examines the emergence and development of Crimea (including Sevastopol) as Russia’s fourth exclave. Using the typology of the world’s enclave areas as objects of political geography, the author identifies distinctive characteristics of the Kaliningrad region and Crimea (the Crimean federal district) and compares them to other national and international enclaves. Another focus is the evolution of both territories ...

... such a unique region as Kaliningrad. The article describes the main stages of its formation over several decades and offers an assessment of the activities of the federal government. The author highlights the main challenges associated with the new political and economic reality that the region faces now. 1. Богданенко П. П. Калининградская Особая экономическая зона: результаты и эффективность деятельности // ...

... Нефедова Т. Г., Никулин А. В. Сельская Россия: пространственное сжатие и социальная поляризация, лекция в Политехническом музее. М., 2010. URL:www.polit.ru (дата обращения: 27.03.2012). 14. Нечай И. Я. О строении и развитии древней долины Нямунаса-Преголи //Vilniaus valstybinio V. Karsuko vardo Universiteto Mokslo darbai. XIX Biologijo,...

This article investigates the state of chironomid communities in Lake Penkovoe, Pond Isakovsky, Pond Shkolny, and the Karasevka pond system in Kaliningrad in spring 2011. The authors provide new data on the species composition, abundance, and biomass of chironomidae. The Shannon, Simpson, Balushkin, and Margalef indices were calculated for the chironomid communities. The authors identified the dominant species in the communities of chironomids and evaluated the quality of water in the studied water...

This article examines the main stages of territorial administration system development in Eastern Prussia in terms of political, economical and social dynamics. 1. Бокман Х. Немецкий орден. М., 2004. 2. Ивановский В. Государственное право // Известия и ученые записки Казан­ского университета....

The article analyses the concept of 'special' socio-economic regions, i. e. those characterised by a special position in their relation to the political, economic and legal spaces of the home country and (or) neighbouring countries and, in some cases, by a special geographic position. The author offers two typologies of 'special' regions. 1.      Зверев Ю.   М. Калининградская ...