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... historian Stefan Kieniewicz by modern Polish researchers. The author analyses his role in the Polish historical science. Special attention is paid to the reasons behind Kieniewicz’s turn to Marxism after the Second World War. The author gives examples of differences in the persepctive of historiographers on the historian’s methodological views and the degree to which they were influenced by Marxism. S. Kieniewicz’s characteristic of his own theoretical views is presented. 1. Авейде О. Показания ...

... between the Lithuanian movements for national independence in 1917—1920 and 1988—1991 as analyzed in the Anglo-American historiography of the first half of the 1990s. Such scholars as A. Lieven and other authors characterize some main similarities and differences between those movements. These scholars emphasize the ambiguity of the Soviet experience, as well as the internal conflicts within the Lithuanian political elite and demonstrate the productivity of the comparative approach. 1. Ashbourne A....

... Tindale and emphasizes its significance for modern theory of argumentation. The article examines the historical background of the rhetorical turn and its relation to informal logic and pragma-dialectics. The author argues that it is justified to consider different approaches to argumentation as complementary. 1. Blair J. A. Tindale’s Acts of arguing: A rhetorical model of argument // Informal Logic. 2000. Vol. 20 (2). 2. Govier T. Problems in argument analysis and evaluation. Dordrecht, 1987. 3. ...

This paper analyses the legal capacity in the election legislation, including the differentiation between individual and collective rightsholders. The author considers the issue of inclusion of the power of citizens to participate in establishing the election results into the core of voting rights. The thesis about the peremptory nature of right to the judicial protection of voters is proved and the one about the influence of the electoral system type on the deprivation of voters’ rights is disproved...

This paper proposes a scheme for a preliminary comparative analysis of results obtained in studying different countries that participated in the “Contemporary marketing practices” project and outlines further patterns of crosscountry comparisons. 1. Berry L. L. Relationship Marketing. In Emerging Perspectives in Services Marketing. Chicago, Ill....

... author stresses that new rules are not capable of solving the problem of legal regulation aimed to satisfy state requirements and will create additional complications in the use of terminology, application of legislation, identification of the scope of different regulations, and the correlation of private and public law regulation. 1. Борисов А. Н., Краев Н. А. Комментарий к федеральному закону от 21 июля 2005 г. № 94-ФЗ «О размещении ...

This article examines the origin of the term ‘investigative mindset’ and different opinions on the term’s meaning. In particular, the article focuses on the scientific approaches to the investigative mindset in Russia and the United States of America. The authors analyse the prospects for the development of an investigative ...

This article considers the application of witness personality doctrine when investigating crimes against public officials. The cases of crimes against employees of correctional facilities help describe the features of different categories of witnesses and propose tactics of interrogating witnesses of each type. 1. Информационный бюллетень Прокуратуры Калининградской области. 2008—2012. 2. Волчецкая ...

... author describes the duties of the Holy Synod, bishops’ administrations, and the Admiralty and naval ship commanders. Special attention is paid to ober-hieromonks and commanding hieromonks of the Navy. The author studies their responsibilities in different locations and presents new biographical information. 1. Российский государственный исторический архив (РГИА). Ф. 815. 2. Описание архива Александро-Невской лавры ...

This paper explores different aspects of the daily life of a Chinese city on the basis of reports of the Russian Orthodox Church mission in Beijing dating back to the 18th century. The author shows how studying Chinese material culture contributed to the sociocultural adaptation ...

... указа 9 ноября 1906 года // Вопросы истоии. 1983. № 11. 8. Островский А. В. Научные заметки. О характере указа 9 ноября 1906 года URL: http://ibrary.by/portalus/modules/different/readme.php (дата обращения: 25.01.2013). 9. Столыпин П. А. Программа реформ : документы и материалы: в 2 т. М., 2003. Т. 1. 10. Полное собрание законов Российской ...

... of the civil administration and the commandment of the 11th Guards Army on the problems of the development of the Königsberg / Kaliningrad region in 1946. The meeting participants focused on the conflict between the civil and military authorities. Different models of relations between the military and civil administrative structures developed in the region’s towns and districts. The meeting also discussed the position of the German population and the flaws of trade and communication organization....

... to a great degree, an extension of earlier political discourses. The author forecasts that the change in discourses around European identity will lead to a shift in the paradigm and the perception of this phenomenon in political theory. 1. Janik A. Different perception of Europe in a time of crisis Europe as an opportunity.URL: http://www.europeanideasnetwork.com/files/2012/Brussels_08_ February/EINEurope_as_an_Opportunity_-_Allan_Janik.pdf (дата обращения: 13.03.2012). 2. Habermas ...

... innovative component of this work lies in the authors’ definition of media business efficiency alongside the identification of the primary goal of media company management in today’s Russia. The article offers a classification of methods of identifying different types of efficiency of media structures. 1. Бабань Ю. А. Совершенствование бизнес-процессов в современной философии управления//Финансовый бизнес. 2002. ...

The elimination of disparities in the economic conditions of regional development is an important task of government regulation. The tariff policy influences the economic development of Russia and different regions. The market incentives for innovation are not sufficiently strong. The rise in prices and tariffs has a negative impact on cost structure and production efficiency. The research conducted shows the degree of variation in the level and ...

The publication reflects the problem of new identity of the Baltics in the conditions of competition between European spaces. The Baltic States are presented as a political structure, where mutually competitive identities oriented towards different centres of modern Europe are developing. In the Baltics, the identity discourse acquires new markers. The agenda includes the crisis of confidence in the institutions of power and integration problems. 1. Miniotaite G. The Baltic States: in ...

This article analyses different aspects of the development of electronic form of culture. Particular emphasis is placed on the philosophical and sociological study of the phenomenon, which has been pronounced since the second half of the 20th century. The author considers ...

This article examines transformation of the social administrative resources through different historical periods. The author suggests criteria for analyzing evolution of scientific views on public administration: sociological time and the volume of the social ties. On the basis of these criteria, the author identifies the stages of cardinal ...

This article analyses different aspects of bilateral ties between the Kaliningrad region and the Polish Olsztyn and Elblag voivodeships in the mid-70s-early 19 80s. The author pays special attention to the problems of ideological interaction and emphasizes the crucial role ...

... юридической науке, законодательстве и правоприменительной практике. This article focuses on the problems of using the term “legal status”. The authors draw attention to the fact that this term is used in different phrases to denote diverse legal phenomena together with other legal structures, which results in the incoherence of the categorical mechanism. The authors suggest solution to the problems of using the term “legal status” in legal science,...

... ученых по спорным вопросам. This article considers the feature of procedural position of a prosecutor in civil procedure. The author makes suggestion regarding the improvement of legislation relating to the legal status of prosecutor. Different scholarly perspectives on contentious issues are analysed. 1. Гражданский процессуальный кодекс РФ. М., 2012. 2. Гуреева О. А. Проблемы определения правового статуса ...

... выявляется соотношение психических рас-стройств, не исключающих вменяемости, психических аномалий и пограничных расстройств. This article analyses different perspectives on medical criterion of diminished responsibility, and identifies the ratio of mental disorders not excluding sanity, mental anomalies, and border disorders. 1. Понятовская Т. Г. Концептуальные основы ...

English-Russian state-to-state relations in the second half of the 19th/ beginning of the 20th century are distinguished by complex character and dramatic shifts from cooperation to confrontation and vice versa. Different circumstances and factors, including the level of trade and economic contacts, affected the condition of English-Russian relations. The author analyses the principal stages of the evolution of trade and economic contacts between Great Britain ...

This article considers the vicissitudes of the Lithuanian — RSFSR negotiations in Moscow in the spring-summer of 1920. The author analyses the circumstances of the signing of the Moscow Peace Treaty between Lithuania and Soviet Russia on July 12, 1920 and focuses on the international response to it. The author pays special attention to the question of the character of Lithuania’s neutrality in the Soviet-Polish war in August-September 1920. 1. Документы внешней политики СССР. М., 1958. Т. 2. 2....

The article deals with the Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania as a result of inter-elite struggles in post-Soviet period of different power groups. 1. Estonian Human Development Report. Baltic Way(s) of Human Development: Twenty Years On. 2010/2011. Eesti Koostöö Kogu. Tallinn. 2011. 2. Geddes B. Initiation of New Democratic Institutions in Eastern Europe and Latin ...

... crisis phenomena on socioeconomic development of regionswith the help of an approach based on quantitative assessment of the current competitiveness of the region. The author offers calculations of integral development indices for three regions of three different federal districts of the Russian Federation for 2007-2010, as well as an analysis of the degree, to which regional economies were affected by the crisis. 1. Шеховцева Л. С., Тяпушова Е. В. Теоретические и ...

Today, cluster policy is the most efficient tool to improve the competitiveness of territory economies. International practice offers a wide range of cluster policies. This article discusses different approaches to classification of cluster policies and emphasizes the advantages of cluster policy for achieving regional strategic goals. 1. Методические рекомендации по реализации кластерной политики ...

This article considers different methodological approaches to research on anomie. The author analyses Durkheim’s approach to social pathology and the application of P. Sztompka’s concept of cultural trauma. Special attention is paid to R. Merton’s theory of anomie and ...

Russian economy is overcoming the crisis; its further restoration and growth depend on different factors: abrupt and not always predictable changes in the world economic situation, dynamics and fluctuations of oil prices, inflow and outflow of capital from financial markets, and other external economic and political factors. However, there ...

This article considers the basic provisions of the methodology for providing telecommunication infrastructure for business activities at different management levels. The author proves that it is possible to develop this methodology on the basis of queuing theory. The author proposes an algorithm of forecasting changes in infrastructure provision for business activity. 1. Бирман ...

... examines the results of municipal reform, analyses the budgetary policy of the Kaliningrad region, and identifies the problems of formation of local budget revenues. The author described the methods to improve budgetary policy, which could level the differences in economic and social development of municipalities and solve the problem of stability and independence of local budgets. 1. Об областном бюджете на 2010 год и плановый 2011 и 2012 годы : закон Калининградской ...

This paper considers the dynamics of different scientific opinions on the correlation between endogenous and exogenous factors in the choice of national modernization model. The authors formulate the question about the urgency of searching for the optimum in the choice between general and ...

... of word and language, presented in the work «Philosophy of Name». The comparative analysis reveals the following: a) the key elements of S. Bulgakov’s doctrine historically genetically rooted in A. A. Potebnya's linguistic research; b) the basic difference between the philosophical bases of two concepts (gnoseological and ontological paradigms of language study); c) characteristic correspondence of basic views on the structure of word and the functioning of language. 1.  Булгаков С....

The article compares the approaches of Immanuel Kant and Pavel Novgorodtsev to the role and importance of humanity and human personality in historical process proposed by I. Kant and P. I. Novgorodtsev. The author analyses the similarities and differences of their positions and defines the main lines of Novgorodtsev’s development of Kant’s methodology. 1.  Кант И. Идея всеобщей истории во всемирно-гражданском плане // Соч.: в 6 т....

The article analyses the reference of Gustaw Herling-Grudziński’s to Berdyaev’s philosophy of history and the interpretation and reinterpretation of “The New Middle Ages”. The author defines the differences and similarities of the apocalyptic thinking of the Russian philosopher and the Polish writer. 1.  Бердяев Н.   А. Духи русской революции // Вехи. Из глубины. М., 1991. 2.  Бердяев Н....

This article attempts to identify the features of suspicion and offer a definition of this concept on the basis of an analysis of different scholarly perspectives. 1.  Толковый словарь русского языка / под ред. Д. Н. Ушакова. М. 2007. 2.  Бравилова Е.   А. Об обвинении и его взаимосвязи с уголовным ...

The authors suggest differentiating between integral and industrial zoning. Correspondingly, regions (integral regions) and industrial regions are distinguished within a state. The interaction of several states results in the emergence of transnational regions, while the development of mutual connections between international regions brings to the formation of transboundary regions. Regions, including international (transboundary and transnational) ones have a certain hierarchy but, unlike national...

... ESPAnet Confe­rence. Oxford , 2004. 10.   Scott J., Trubek D. Mind the gap: law and new approaches to governance in the European Union // European Law Journal. Vol. 8 . 2002 . March . №   1 . Р . 1—18. 11.   Classifying and mapping OMC in different policy areas. New modes of go­vernance. Integrated project. Project no. CITI-CT-2004-506392. Priority 7 — citizens and governance in the knowledge — based society. №   02/D09. 2005. July . 12.   Report by Working Group 4a: Involving ...

This paper addresses the problem of optimizing a company's cost performance under heterogeneous constraints. The author proves the appropriateness and efficiency of applying the Lagrange multipliers to this end, which makes it possible to move from the conditional to the unconditional extremum. The article shows that, under certain conditions, the Lagrange multiplier based approach can be applied to differential cost accounting for the production of a multiproduct firm. 1.  Зайцев М.   Г., Варюхин...

This article formulates the problems of concept process analysis. The author analyses a set of concept procedures and identifies the bases for their classification. Different classifications of concept procedures are presented in article. 1.  Бойко А.   П. Логический анализ структуры классификации: авто­реф. дис. ... канд. филос. наук. М., ...

... carries out an analysis of social phenomena (personality, organizations and institutions) on the basis of anthropological presuppositions about the nature and features of uncertainty. The analysis rests on the concepts of multiple forms of capital, different orders of value, and field and habitus theory. 1.  Becker G. Human Capital. Chicago, 1964. 2.  Boltanski L., Thévenot L. On Justification. The Economies of Worth. Princeton, 2006. 3.  Dequech D. Uncertainty and Economic Sociology: ...

The article considers the right of operative administration as the statutory right to own, use and dispose of another’s property in their own interests by representing different scientific points of view and opinions of scientists about the nature of the right of operative administration and by highlighting modern scientific research works that give further development to the right of operative administration. 1.  ...

This article analyses the problem of maintaining the secrecy of adoption at the trial stage. The author makes certain proposals regarding the improvement of adoption legislation and analyses different scholarly perspectives on the legal nature of secrecy of adoption and its practicality. 1.  Конституция Российской Федерации. М., 2011. 2.  Гражданский процессуальный кодекс РФ....

... carterae microalgae. Suspension of microalgae Arthrospira platensis is characterized by the lowest value of dynamic viscosity. It has been established that the value of the active acidity of the suspension of all the studied samples of microalgae have different values, but all the studied microalgae is found to grow and actively develop in an alkaline environment. It has been shown that during the cultivation of microalgae cell culture, the largest amount of protein accumulates in Arthrospira platensis....

Women are the core population group responsible for new HIV infections and the persistence of the HIV pandemic. A key determinant of susceptibility to HIV infection is the composition of the vaginal microbiome, which can influence the local immune cell population and inflammation status. While a low diversity microbial composition dominated by Lactobacillus crispatus is associated with a reduced risk of HIV infection, a high microbial diversity environment associated with bacterial vaginosis increases...

The patterns of development and distribution of production, including agricultural production, common to the country, are also characteristic of the exclave Kaliningrad region. However, spatial isolation from other Russian regions causes, firstly, a greater dependence on external geoeconomic and geopolitical factors and, secondly, a clearer manifestation of the patterns of spatial differentiation in the economy. Research methods are based on the spatio-temporal analysis of statistical data, using...

Structuring information is critical to learning the difference between the countries of the world. The typology is one of the scientific methods of systematizing information. Selecting a typological attribute becomes a major challenge of methodology for creating a typology due to the richness of information....

... and the patient. To what extent comorbid alcoholism is able to influence the features of the clinical course of COPD remains an open issue. The study aimed to reveal the impact of alcoholism on the level of COPD subjective symptoms in patients with different compliance. Materials and methods. 147 men with COPD in the age of 40―88 years were examined. The study relied on spirometry criteria, mMRC, CAT, domestic questionnaire of adherence to therapy, 6-minutes walking tests. It also established ...

... the organ were used. During the processing of the results, it was revealed that optimal visualization was provided in the patient’s supine position, the orientation of the ultrasound transducer along the long axis of the spleen. One patient obtained different volume values — the average difference was 40—70 ml, and in some cases reached 150 ml. This indicates the influence of additional factors on visualization — these include the somatic type of the patient, the variability of the shape of ...

Municipalities of the Kaliningrad region are increasingly differentiated in the pace and nature of their socio-economic development in the paradigm of the center-peripheral model. The economic center and the coastal zone bordering on it are increasingly pulling together economic and human resources, increasing the risks of sustainable functioning of the eastern peripheral municipalities. This also applies to the entrepreneurial activity of the population, expressed in the number of operating SMEs...