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This article examines the origins and development of the public history movement in America. Special attention is paid to analysing ideas and approaches dominant at different stages of its development and identifying factors behind changes in major trends. It is shown that pubic history has undergone significant transformations abandoning the idea of professionalising non-academic history for that of collaborative structuring of the past by historians and the general public. 1. Махов А. С. Рой Розенцвейг:...

This article considers the socioeconomic characteristics of foreign direct investment and identifies the features of investment activities with foreign capital participation in the exclave region. The author analyses the dynamics of foreign direct investment inflow to the regions of North-West Russia and the industries preferred by foreign investors and identifies the position of the Kaliningrad region among the regions of North-West Russia 1. Официальный сайт Правительства Калининградской области...

This article analyses legal issues relating to the German ratification of the Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance in the Economic and Mon-etary Union. The author analyses the key decisions of the Federal Consti-tutional Court of Germany on this issue. Special attention is paid to the need to implement some of the Treaty provisions as the core problem of the ratifica-tion process. 1. Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance in the Economic and Monetary Union. URL: http://european-council...

... post-Soviet nationalist identity in Latvia under the influence of nationalist neo-Nazi organizations and persuasion. The ethnic component occupies a central place in today's political identification in Latvia. It is proved that major political groups and parties recognize and proclaim nationalist principles regardless of their basic ideology. 1. Parming T. Nationalism in Soviet Estonia since 1964 // Nationalism in the USSR and Eastern Europe in the era of Brezhnev and Kosygin. Detroit, 1977. 2. Park ...

This article considers the mechanism of financing of political parties in the Republic of Latvia. The author analyses the participation of financial and economic groups in the country’s political life. Key business actors affecting the formation of Latvian political system are identified. It is concluded that, ...

This article examines the connection between establishing the investigation objective and investigative situations at the initial stage of investigation. The author describes the role of investigative situation in establishing the objective of investigation. 1. Волчецкая Т. С. Криминалистическая ситуалогия. М., 1997. 2. Белкин Р. С. Криминалистика: проблемы, тенденции, перспективы. От теории к практике. М., 1988. С. 91—92. 3. Дулов А. В. Тактические операции при расследовании преступлений. Минск...

This article considers the tactics of examining the victim, suspect, and witnesses and the on-site verification of testimony in cases related to crimes against public officers based on the criminal cases studied by the author. 1. Волчецкая Т. С., Осипова Е. В., Киселев Д. Г. Структура и особенности криминалистической характеристики преступлений, совершенных в отношении представителей власти // Вестник Балтийского федерального университета им. И. Канта. Калининград, 2011. Вып. 9. С. 93—100. 2....

The article considers the connection between ethics, in particular Kant’s practical philosophy, and economics. The author examines historical reasons for Kant’s ethic not to have become part of the economic discourse and interprets modern business processes from Kant’s perspective. The article aims to demonstrate the possibilities of applying the philosophical instruments of Kant’s morals to concrete economic issues. 1. Автономов В. С. Абстракция — мать порядка? (историко-методологические рассуждения...

The paper focuses on Königsberg’s elites faced with fast changes in the 19th century. The city’s old merchant families were up against increasing competition from new actors – industrialists and bankers – trying to take advantage of the former. The author examines changes in the elites in the course of major economic, social, and political changes 1. Albinus R. Königsberger Lexikon. Würzburg, 2002. 2. Altpreußische Biographie / Hrsg. Ch. Krollmann. Königsberg; Marburg, 1939. T. 1. 3. Carrez M...

This paper proposes a scheme for a preliminary comparative analysis of results obtained in studying different countries that participated in the “Contemporary marketing practices” project and outlines further patterns of crosscountry comparisons. 1. Berry L. L. Relationship Marketing. In Emerging Perspectives in Services Marketing. Chicago, Ill., 1983. 2. Brodie R. J., Grönroos C., Helenius T. Contemporary marketing: a comparison of the practices in New Zealand, Scandinavia and Thailand // Asian...

This article analyses the ethnonymy and other ethnocultural markers (denomination, language) of the residents of Belarusian lands during the partitions of Poland on the basis of works by S. Plescheev, H. F. Hackmann, L. M. Maksimovich, V. M. Severgin, and other scholars. The urban population was ethnically identified as Polish, whereas the rural peasant one as predominantly Lithuanian. 1. Вуглік І. Р. Этнаніміка беларусаў XVII—XVIII ст.: экзаэтнонімы // Весці БДПУ. 2009. Сер. 2. Гісторыя. Філасофія...

The introduction of the contract system in the field of procurement in the Russian Federation entails significant changes in the established practices. The scope of legal relations governed by the rules of regulation of public and municipal procurement is increasing. The expansion of methods for procurement centralization contributes to the efficacy of actions of those participating in the process. The introduced limitations on procuring from a single supplier support the principle of competitiveness...

This paper analyses the legal capacity in the election legislation, including the differentiation between individual and collective rightsholders. The author considers the issue of inclusion of the power of citizens to participate in establishing the election results into the core of voting rights. The thesis about the peremptory nature of right to the judicial protection of voters is proved and the one about the influence of the electoral system type on the deprivation of voters’ rights is disproved...

This article considers the problems of analysing will and will expression of citizens when performing legally significant actions. The author stresses the importance of analysing citizens’ will in view of the changes to the provisions of the law on the limitation of legal capacity of natural persons. The article stresses the need to extend the role of notaries in documenting the will and will expression of civil circulation participants. 1. Токарева М. В. Взаимная ответственность государства и личности...

This article examines the origin of the term ‘investigative mindset’ and different opinions on the term’s meaning. In particular, the article focuses on the scientific approaches to the investigative mindset in Russia and the United States of America. The authors analyse the prospects for the development of an investigative mindset theory. 1. Яблоков Н. П. Криминалистическое мышление и его роль в повышении эффективности раскрытия и расследования преступлений. URL: www.law.msu.ru/file/22808/download/22812...

An analysis of the transcript of a meeting held on June 26—27, 1946 at the Königsberg Office for Civil Affairs helps consider the perspective of the civil administration and the commandment of the 11th Guards Army on the problems of the development of the Königsberg / Kaliningrad region in 1946. The meeting participants focused on the conflict between the civil and military authorities. Different models of relations between the military and civil administrative structures developed in the region’s...

The main purpose of this article is to answer the question of the role of Kantian political philosophy for the theory of international relations. The answer is giving through the examination of the main trends in the interpretation of Kant's place in one of the major paradigms of the theory of international relations: realism, idealism, liberalism, and institutionalism. Author shows that Kant’s inclusion in a particular paradigm of international relations cannot be directly done. Otherwise, inevitably...

This article considers the issues of trust in banks in terms of the rationality of clients’ behavior and behavioural economy. The author’s empirical study of 370 owners of small and microfirms located in the Warmian-Masurian voivodeship suggests that approximately 69 % of the respondents prefer the services of Polish banks (or those dominated by Polish capital) and 10.1 % prefer banks with foreign capital. The rest of the respondents (20.9 %) have no particular opinion on the subject. 1. Akerlof...

This article analyses different aspects of the development of electronic form of culture. Particular emphasis is placed on the philosophical and sociological study of the phenomenon, which has been pronounced since the second half of the 20th century. The author considers the conditions and factors of the interdisciplinary approach to studying electronic culture. 1. Маклюэн М. Понимание медиа: внешние расширения человека М., 2007. 2. Электронная культура. URL: http:// wiki. iis. ru/wiki/Электронная_культура...

This article considered the stage and features of formation of the state border with Poland and Lithuania, as well as the delimitation of the Russian marine area in the Kaliningrad region zone. The Polish border was established by the Soviet-Polish border agreement of 1945. It was of astronomical nature and did not take into account the earlier administrative and economic structure of East Prussia. Since 1993, representatives of the Kaliningrad region participated in the negotiation on the Russian-Lithuanian...

This paper considers the cultural, political, and historical problems of the development of European identity in the discourse of Europe. The author addresses the question as to whether European identity is a category of political discourse or a real instrument of European integration and comes to a conclusion that the concepts of European identity are stuck in a methodological trap. And the EU institutional design does not inspire confidence among the residents of united Europe. The question as...

Under the current conditions, the activity of operative officers connected with the initiation of a criminal case faces the imperfection of current legislation. The article offers some amendments to the Federal laws allowing a more comprehensive and objective corruption-related crime detection, in particular, bribery taking. 1. Пикалов И.   А. Уголовный процесс Российской Федерации (краткий курс): учебное пособие. 2005. [Электронный ресурс]. URL : Allpravo . ru 2. Бухарев Н.   Н., Бозиев Т...

The forms of crossborder and transborder cooperation of mediumsized cities of Kaliningrad region in Baltic Sea Region are described. The description of wto European Union’s instruments for international cooperation in Baltic Sea Region is presented. The short analysis of participation of medium-sized cities of Kaliningrad region in projects of programmes for transborder and crossborder cooperation such as Interreg III B (Baltic Sea Region Neighbourhood Programme) and Interreg III A (Lithuania-Poland-Kaliningrad...

This article examines the procedural structures of operations with concepts and offers the logical models of concept generalisation and particularisation, describes the types of operations, and determines the sources of logical fallacies of natural generalisations and particularisations. 1. Брюшинкин В.   Н. Аргументация, коммуникация, рациональность // Вест­ник Российского государственного университета им. Иммануила Канта. 2008. Вып. 6. С. 5—11. 2. Горский Д.   П . Обобщение и познание....

The article reveals major regulation trends of international cooperation at the regional level which being officially adopted are implemented in the Kaliningrad region. Special attention is given to international agreements, involvement in international programs and projects, information for foreign economic activity and development of euroregions with Russian participation. 1.  Внешнеэкономическая деятельность предприятий и организаций Калинин­градской области за 2000—2007 гг.: статистический...

Cross-border cooperation between administrative and municipal districts enlarges fast in the Baltic Sea macroregion. Intensification of Russian regions’ participation in such cooperation as well as formation of trans-border socio-economic systems may shift their development to the innovative type.

This article examines the problems of the contract regulation of authority delegation, in particular, the drawbacks of the legislative regulation of the contract conclusion procedure, the coming of contracts into force and their implementation. 1.  Конституция РФ от 12 декабря 1993 года (с учетом поправок, вне­сенных законами РФ от 30.12.2008 г. №   6-ФКЗ и от 30.12.2008 г. №   7-ФКЗ). [Электронный ресурс]. Доступ из справ.-правовой системы «Консуль­тант Плюс». 2.  Об общих принципах...

This article considers methodological approaches to regional studies, in particular, functional, system, organisational, and strategic ones. The author determines the properties and concepts of a region as an agent of the development and formation of strategic objectives. 1. Изард У. Методы регионального анализа: введение в науку о регионах. М., 1966. 2. Шеховцева Л.   С. Управляемое развитие региона: стратегическое целепола­гание: монография. Калининград, 2005. 3. Шеховцева Л.   С. Стратегическое...

This article reveals various aspects of regional transboundary cooperation including foreign trade, investment climate, and implementation of transboundary infrastructure projects financed by European funds. The analysis conducted is based on the results of transboundary cooperation with the participation of Kaliningrad business entities. The author considers the impact of economic crisis on transboundary interaction. 1.  Винокуров Е.   Ю. Мирохозяйственные связи Калининградской области: эко­номическое...

This article considers the phenomenon of globalisation. The author analyses the content and perspectives of this phenomenon in various aspects with particular emphasis on cultural aspects and stresses the need for cultural diversity in the framework of the sustainable development of society in the context of the systematic and synergetic approaches. Special attention is paid to the role of education in preserving cultural diversity. 1.      Андрейчук Н.   В., Гаврилина Л.   М. Теоретико-методологические...

This article considers the formation of the new democratic dynamics in Russia in February-October, 1917. The author focuses on the forms of the participation of population in the establishment of new political regime, the activity of political parties and local government bodies and attempts to build an optimal model of the formation of a republic in the conditions of diarchy. 1.      Андреев А.   М. Местные Советы и органы буржуазной власти ...

The management of Kavkaz was the interaction of administration and local community of region in XVIII century. The author characterizes Kavkaz as being original in regards to the ethnic attitude towards the state’s territory, to the degree of the center keeping the properties of the governmental-regional and local legal systems separate. Particular emphasis is given to the legislative consolidation of changes in these phenomena. 1.  Полное собрание законов I (далее — ПЗС- I ). Т. 22, №  ...

The study of existing methodological approaches identified their weaknesses as to insufficient consideration of factors and their influence. The author offers a methodological approach to the assessment of competitiveness of small enterprises (SE) on the basis of the assessment of affecting factors. The integral index makes it possible to identify the competitiveness of a particular small enterprise. The approach suggested can be used as a basic element of competitiveness evaluation for a tactic...

This article focuses on the position of Russian right-wing parties in the beginning of the 20th century regarding one of the components of Stolypin modernisation programme — the judicial and law enforcement reform. 1.  Вестник русского собрания. 1909. № 4. 2.  Вестник Союза ...

This article considers particular problems of cooperation on criminal matters in the European Union using the example of the European Arrest Warrant and European Evidence Warrant. 1.  Treaty on the functioning of the European Union, consolidated version // Offi­cial Journal. C 115. 9.5.2008. 2.  Presidency Conclusions, Tampere European Council 15 and 16 October 1999. URL : http :// presidency . finland . fi / doc / liite / treconen . rtf (дата обращения: 26.09.2011). 3.  Programme of measures...

Transfer pricing proofs to be an effective organizational management mechanism under the new economic conditions. This article deals with the main transfer pricing formation models and the interaction of financial participants contributing to harmonizing their economics interests. The application of these models to ensure competitiveness of public sector organizations is of special interest. 1.  Anthony R.   N., Dearden J. Management Control Systems. R.   D. Irwin, 1984. 2.  Erwert R., Wagenhofer...

The increase in the efficiency of migration processes control in Russia, in particular, in order to ensure reasonable engagement of international workforce requires a clear and intelligible scheme outlining the needs of Russian regions for additional inflow of migrant workers. It is necessary to take into account both the contemporary socioeconomic situation in the regions and their prospective opportunities for accelerated transition to innovative development. The article offers a system of indices...

The article considers the issues of the transport system evolution in the modern territory of the Russian-Belarusian border area. Transport is noted for its special role in regional development and its contribution to the develop­ment of interregional ties, the formation of cross-border regions. The transport net­work forms a certain infrastructure in the regions, thanks to it con­nec­tivity and integrity are achieved. The development of the transport system ref­lects the main stages of the development...

Given the issue of balanced socio-economic development of the entire territory of the Ka­liningrad region, an important task is to improve the quality of life in small towns in the re­gion, as they serve as supporting elements for the regional settlement frame. Attracting feder­al and extrabudgetary funds could be seen as an effective tool in the context of a local budget deficit. To date, improving the quality of urban spaces has been possible due to participation in the all-Russian competition...

Rural territories of the Kaliningrad Region are affected by polarization processes, which can characterize all regions of Russia. But at the same time, due to the small size of the region, they have their own features. In particular, they have a higher level of transport connectivity and a more developed infrastructure, compared with an average rural territory of Russia. The purpose of this article is to assess the degree of influence of agricultural development on the rural settlement process (the...

The article reveals the statistical potential and the existing possibilities of establishing environmental-economic and ecosystem accounting to support coastal and marine management in the Kaliningrad region. The relevance of these accounts is determined by the geopolitical role and strategic importance of this region for achieving the national goals of sustainable development of the Russian Federation, in particular, SDG 14 “Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for...

The goal of the research is to study how much the mobile electronic devices affect the vision of medical students and assess the degree of impact in relation to the occurrence of eyesight complaints, in particular computer visual syndrome, and to identify the factors that contribute to visual impairment. The author aims at developing measures for the hygienic education of medical students to reduce adverse effects of the use of mobile electronic devices on future doctors. 518 medical students of...

In Russia, the polarization of the centers of human-geographic research is increasing. The role of Moscow as a leading center of human geography is growing. One of the centers of the secondary level, where the research is actively developing, is Kaliningrad. Its scientists collaborate with the other research centers and actively participate in network projects studying the socio-economic geography of Russia. Based on the eLibrary database, the scientific potential of Kaliningrad, and, above all,...

The production of bioethanol from non-food feedstock is considered to be a promising alternative to conventional ethanol production from food crops. However, a number of significant technological drawbacks does not allow the industrial production of bioethanol. There is the problem of screening the most effective microorganisms-producers in particular. Due to multicomponent composition of substrate, the use of several strains of microorganisms is considered to be more effective than that of one strain...

Digital technologies, which have received rapid development in recent years, are increasingly integrated into modern economic and social processes. The course towards digitalization taken by most countries is determined by the onset of a new digital era, when knowledge and information are the most important resources of the economy and are the basis for innovation. Howev­er, accelerated digitalization, as well as slowed down, carries a significant number of economic, social, political, cultural,...

As part of the study, the authors have considered the Interreg Programme as a tool for the cross-border cooperation development. The projects granted from «Russia — Lithuania» Interreg Cross-Border Cooperation (CBC) Pro­gramme 2014—2020 and «Poland — Russia» Interreg CBC Programme 2014—2020 have been the research subjects. The authors have identified the most active actors of cross-border cooperation from the Kaliningrad region and the border regions of Lithuania and Poland and have compared the...

The variety of options for the course of gouty arthritis necessitates the search for informative and accessible methods for diagnosing this disease. The detection of the sodium monourate crystals deposits in synovial fluid is asso­ciated with certain technical difficulties. In this regard, ultrasound diagnos­tics of gout is of particular value. The article raises questions of the im­portance of ultrasound assessment of joints in the diagnosis of gouty arthritis. Especially interesting is the possibility...

Catatonia is an important syndrome found in both psychiatry and gen­eral medicine. However, identification and treatment of this phenomenon is difficult without modern diagnostic scales for catatonia. Purpose — to describe the cases of inhibited and excitable catatonia in adolescents with affective disorders. Methods — clinical observation in accordance with the ICD-10 diagnos­tic criteria for affective disorders in depression and mania, the use of Beck de­pression scale, Beck anxiety scale...

The authors try to characterize changes in viscosities of blood and throm­boresistance of vascular endothelium after stab wounds of heart. To achieve the goal, the indicators of microblood circulation were studied in 34 patients. All patients were divided into two groups: the first group of 17 people has been operated for the wounds of heart with the thoracotomy, suturing heart wounds and the pleural cavity drainage. The second group of 17 patients had stab wounds of the chest, they underwent primary...

The review focuses on modern views on the etiopathogenesis of allergic rhinitis and the development of its complications. The microbial communities of the symbiotic population in the human body (microbiota) and their contri­bution to the immunobiological reactivity of the body are considered. The au­thors give a comparative characteristic of microbiota assessment methods. The data analysis suggests that microbiota can participate in the pathophysiologi­cal formation mechanisms of chronic allergic...