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This article analyses the features of judicial discretion in the continental law system. The author conducts a comparative analysis of the discretionary powers of judges in Northern, Western, and Southern Europe and describes the specifics of judicial discretion in the continental legal system 1. Гегель Г. В. Ф. Философия права. М., 1990. 2. Головко Л. В. Судебный прецедент как ненормативный способ легитимизации ...

... field of urban design in the 1950s/1960s. The achievements and difficulties in solving the housing problem in Kaliningrad are identified. The process of modernization of regional construction industry is analysed. The article identifies the general and specific features of construction and development of residential areas under Khrushchev and examines the influence of new social and economic policy and the restructuring of state construction authorities in Kaliningrad. 1. Абросимов П. Творческие ...

This article considers specific features of the situational approach to simulating criminal activities relating to human trafficking. The author describes the structure and content of certain elements of a typical information model of human-trafficking crimes. 1. Смирнов ...

... Methods // LDV-Fo¬rum. 2005. Vol. 20, №. 2. P. 75—93. 12. Brockriede W. Wh ere is Argument? URL: http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ ED102638.pdf (дата обращения: 12.06.2014). 13. Gruber T. R. A Translation Approach to Portable Ontology Specifications. URL: http://www.dbis.informatik.hu-berlin.de/dbisold/lehre/WS0203/SemWeb/ lit/KSL-92-17.pdf.1993 (дата обращения: 6.04.2013). 14. Guarino N., Oberle D., Staab S. What Is an Ontology? // Handbook on ontologies. Berlin, 2009....

... liability of institutions in view of the recent changes to the legislation and investigates the key issues regarding the application of civil liability to private, public, budgetary, and autonomous institutions. Special attention is paid to the general and specific features of civil liability relating to the use of civil and fiscal legislation. It is concluded that there is a need to unify the rules of civil liability of institutions. 1. Гражданское право : учеб. : в 3 т. Т. 1. 6-е ...

This article analyzes the notion of ontology in computer science and contemporary argumentation theories. It introduces the notion of ontology into the system model of argumentation (SMA) in view of the specific features of the latter. The author analyses the role of ontology in building an argumentation model within SMA. 1. Брюшинкин В. Н. Системная модель аргументации // Трансцендентальная антропология ...

... public-private partnership (PPP) in integration processes, including those at a regional level.The author offers a typology of PPP projects and models of cooperation between business and authorities with regard to integration. The article describes specific practices of implementing PPP projects within foreign economic activity and attraction of foreign investors. The author formulates the priority tasks of developing interaction between public structures and business community. 1. Полушкина ...

This article considers the features of the regime of taxation of educational organizations in view of the latest changes to the tax law; the author analyses major issues pertaining to specific tax exemptions granted to organizations, pays attention to legal disputes relating to the application of the tax law, and comes to a conclusion about the current need to optimize the taxation of educational institution activities. 1. Об образовании ...

This article focuses on the specific features of N. O. Lossky’s interpretation of certain logical themes. The author shows that it is determined by the ideal-realistic position of the thinker. “Intuitionistic” logic is presented as a philosophical interpretation of traditional ...

Рассматриваются особенности финансово-хозяйственной деятельности образовательных учреждений: особое внимание уделяется специфике осуществления образовательными учреждениями предпринимательской деятельности, а также гражданско-правовому регулированию имущественных отношений в сфере образования; определяются достоинства и недостатки законодательного подхода к режиму финансирования образовательных учреждений, указывается на проблемы, возникающие при осуществлении деятельности на основе субсидий. ...

Рассматриваются основные научные результаты, полученные заве-дующим кафедрой маркетинга Венского университета, президентом Европейской академии маркетинга, почетным доктором Удо Вагнером. Анализ маркетинговых аспектов ведения современного бизнеса, в первую очередь эмпирические маркетинговые исследования и моделирование рынка, позволил профессору Вагнеру обосновать предложения по совершенствованию существующих моделей и процедур их практического применения. Рассказывается о международной деятельности...

... (1946—1953) on the basis of earlier unknown archive documents. The study sets out to broaden our perception of the phenomenon of totalitarianism and transformations in the Soviet society in the last years of Stalin's regime, as well as to identify the specific features of regional history at this stage. 1. История сельского хозяйства Калининградской области. Калининград, 2006. 2. Рефлексивное крестьяноведение: ...

This article analyses fashion from two points of view — as a closed system of “the world of the fashionable” with its own specific hierarchy, where creative imagination becomes a criterion for success and as a field of social imagination that influences social behavior and the structures of identity presentation formation. The concept of creative imagination is considered ...

... and the application of P. Sztompka’s concept of cultural trauma. Special attention is paid to R. Merton’s theory of anomie and strain and D. Murphy and M. Robinson’s concept of maximization. At the same time, the author takes into account the specific features of post-communist transformations, Polish and Russian experience of overcoming social unrest relating to the period of transition, and the modern contemporary problems faced by states today. 1.  Ганжа А.   О., Зотов А....

The article considers the anthropological problems of gender, proceeding from the interaction of natural and spiritual world content. The author reveals the specific character of Vasily Rosanov‘s views on the meaning of sexual relations. 1.  Бердяев Н.   А. О назначении человека. М., 1993. 2.  Бернштам Т.   А. Традиционный праздничный ...

This article examines the approaches to the study of Russian philosophy of history aboard. The author focuses on the specific features of the object of research, outlines the principles of empirical material organisation, and gives its general characteristics. 1.  Кукарцева М.   А. Современная философия истории США. Иваново,...

The article characterises the first stage of the urban development in Kaliningrad and the region and draws attention to the specific features that led to the procrastination of restoration. 1.  Архив Калининградского областного историко-художественного музея. Ф. 1. 2.  Государственный архив ...

This article considers the problems of order process and some peculiarities of the application of the regulations of the court order institution in the civil procedure. 1. Гражданский процессуальный кодекс РФ. М., 2010. 2. Гражданский процессуальный кодекс РСФСР. М., 2002. 3. Комментарий к Гражданскому процессуальному кодексу РФ (постатей­ный, научно-практический) / под ред. М.   А. Викут. М., 2003. 4. Комментарий к Гражданскому процессуальному кодексу РФ (постатей­ный) / под ред. Г.   А. Жилина...

This article stresses the need to bring the expressions "strategic potential of an organisation" (SPO) into academic use. The author examines the role of this notion among the specific concepts of strategic management theory and analyses the content of SPO in the framework of new institutional and evolutionary economics. 1.  Андрианов В.   Д. Россия: экономический и инвестиционный ...

This article reveals the specific features of the transformation of functional approach when characterizing the multi-level system of functioning and managing of foreign economic activity (FEA). The author describes the adjustment of traditional management functions (planning,...

This article analyzes the features of small business activity in the conditions of regional exclavity. The author shows that these conditions have both positive and negative impact on small business development. The combination of the specificity of small enterprises as business entities and the distinctive features of exclave regions and the subsequent assessment of the significance and nature of the impact of such traits made it possible to identify and characterize the most important ...

This article is an attempt at a comparative analysis of legal documents regulating social services commissioning in a number of constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Furthermore, the authors specify the concept of the given form of interaction of public authorities and noncommercial organizations and describe the advantages of social services commissioning as a mechanism of the implementation of regional socioeconomic policy. 1.  О взаимодействии органов государственной власти Калининградской...

... indicators of the share of the rural population in the total regional population and indi­vidual districts and the indicators of the increase/decrease in the rural population. The author differentiates between the municipalities of the region according to specific weight of the rural population. In conclusion, the article defines the polarization processes occurring on the whole territory of the region and its south-eastern part and affecting the dynamics of the rural popu­lation settlement in the studied ...

... essential features of the theory and its transformation over time in terms of theory and methodology were noted. This theory is often regarded as “having stood the test of time.” However, it is important to understand that, like any theory, it has specific applications and limitations. These can logically be identified by outlining both the strengths and weaknesses of the theory. The strengths include simplicity and logic, universality, a long history of development, an evolutionary nature, and ...

Women are the core population group responsible for new HIV infections and the persistence of the HIV pandemic. A key determinant of susceptibility to HIV infection is the composition of the vaginal microbiome, which can influence the local immune cell population and inflammation status. While a low diversity microbial composition dominated by Lactobacillus crispatus is associated with a reduced risk of HIV infection, a high microbial diversity environment associated with bacterial vaginosis increases...

The COVID-19 pandemic has become a serious challenge for the whole world. All sectors of the economy suffered damage to a certain degree, taking all possible measures to prevent the aggravation of the epidemiological situation. The tourism and recreation sector found itself among the most affected industries. This article is devoted to the urgent problems of transformation in the tourist and recreational sphere of the Russian-Belarusian border areas, in the context of changes in the volume and structure...

... principles of development of spatial planning documents of large urban agglomerations are changing, and the legislative framework is improving. The article aims to study the theory and practice of institutional management of agglomerations abroad and offers specific recommendations for Russian conditions. 1. Попов Р.А., Пузанов А.С. Управление городскими агломерациями как ресурс экономического развития // Муниципальное ...

Submarine groundwater discharge is widespread in the Southern Baltic and creates specific conditions for the formation of benthic ecosystems. Groundwater has hydrochemical characteristics that are different from sea water, which is reflected in the chemical composition of bottom sediments and waters. In addition, underground runoff ...

The development of territories at the micro level is a topical research issue due to emerging trends in the development of small towns and districts. So, on the territory of the Kaliningrad region, several micro-districts are distinguished (according to socio-economic zoning), including the territory of the south-east, i. e., Gusev, Nesterov, Ozersk and Chernyakhovsk municipalities. The southeastern territory of the region is interesting for polarization processes and the spatial structure of the...

... a high level of drug-addiction among the population are forced to allocate significant funds both for the treatment and rehabilitation of drug addicts. When developing regional anti-drug programs, it is important to take into account the territorial specifics of the structure of drug consumption and the consequences that may arise.

... different groups: a fifth were indigenous people, some came from the USSR, and the rest were immigrants from the central voivodeships of Poland. In general, post-war migrations in the Southeastern Baltic significantly affected the development of three specific types of regional identities.

... financial infrastructure, drawing resources from other municipalities. This makes the innovation space uneven, promoting an internal innovation periphery and strong nuclei in the coastal zone. The purpose of this study is to identify the features and specifics of the agglomeration development in coastal regions and assess their impact on the innovation trajectory of regional innovation systems. The study focuses on the agglomerations in 5 coastal regions of Russia: Murmansk, Arkhangelsk, Kali­ningrad,...

... socio-economic development strategy. In the period of 1991 to 2018 three comprehensive strategies suc­ceeded one another: Special economic zone (SEZ) strategy, Cooperation region strategy, International development corridor strategy. The article describes specific characteristics of each strategy. It is based on the analysis of academic publications, data from the Russian Federal State Statistics Service and the Federal Customs Service of Russia. Common economic and statistical methods are used to process ...

... advancement drivers for the regions of Southern Russia, which experience a reduction in contact potential in modern geo-economic conditions that complicates international economic and technological coopera­tion. The aim of the study is to identify the specifics of the information metab­olism processes as the basis of innovative development taking place in the Ros­tov agglomeration being the largest coastal agglomeration in the South of Russia. Given the proposed concept model of information metabolism,...

... Kaliningrad region; 22.2 % of them were men and 74.4 % were women. The age of respondents varies from 18 and older. The mean age of the survey par­ticipants is 39.8 years of age. The survey participants differently assess their level of DM awareness. Specifically, 48.9 % of respondents consider them­selves competent in DM, 44.4 % of respondents note lack of awareness, and 4.6 % of respond­ents do not have information regarding DM at all. Thus, accord­ing to the re­sults of the sociological study ...

A medical examination on a selected group of young people demonstrated a negative correlation between the body mass index and the heart rate at rest, which disappeared after some physical activity. Physical activity was observed to change the heart rate variability under the influence of the changes mag­nitude in the initial heart rate. No correlation between body mass index and heart rate variability was established. 1. Амосов Н. М. Энциклопедия Амосова. Алгоритм здоровья. М., 2018. 2. Беленко...

... pro­cesses of «Greater Eurasia» are found to have an impact on the foreign trade of the Republic of Crimea. Special attention is given to the Republic's position in the foreign trade relations in the Greater Black Sea region. The article de­scribes the specifics of exports and imports commodity structure with core partner countries. It is revealed that large-scale changes in the foreign trade of the Republic of Crimea were influenced by external restrictions (sanctions and blockades) and the process ...

... The results of the stu­dy showed that scientometrics is an important basis for analyzing the degree of countries and regions scientific potential development, and its methods ma­ke it possible to study the dependence of scientific productivity on a specific spa­tial level, to identify the most relevant and popular research topics and as­sess international relations between organizations and individual authors. 1. Price D. J. Little science, big science. N. Y., 1963. 2. Прайс Д. Наука ...

... patient received supportive polychemotherapy (Rituximab + + Gem­zar), without progression. Six months later, the patient's condition wors­ened. We performed spinal puncture and diagnosed neuroleukemia. It was recom­mended that the patient received a specific course of polychemother­apy. There­fore, patients diagnosed with hepatolienal T-cell lymphoma, in view of the highly aggressive disease course, are recommended to undergo allogene­ic trans­plantation of hematopoietic stem cells as early as ...

... paper is how the meanings of terms de­noting various liver elastography methods are understood when translated in­to Russian. We provide an overview of various elastography methods and their physical principles in order to give a better understand specific terms. The goal of this paper is to propose a glossary of elastography terms for dis­cussion by the professional community while relying on the physical princi­ples of ultrasonic methods for determining the rigidity of the liver. Митьков ...

... Северо-Кавказский регион. Общественные науки. 2004. № 4. С. 54—60. 14. Портер М. Конкуренция. М., 2005. 15. Druzhinin Alexander G., Gorochnaya Vasilisa V. Economic Clusterisation and Complexation: the Specifity of the Coastal Zones of the South of Russia // Journal of Applied Economic Sciences. 2016. Vol. 11, is. 6(44). P. 1017—1025. 16. Паппэ Я. Ш., Галухина Я. С. Российский крупный бизнес: первые 15 ...

... the temperature Tw and the salinity S of the upper sea layer. Using our own time series model, we estimated the contributions of each mode to the total temporal variability. In the article, we examine the intrannual and interannual variability of the specific contribution of the daily component of hydrometeorological elements. We show that the time series structure (including the daily component) for the hydrometeorological elements in the southern Baltic Sea depends both on the location of the station ...

A numerical simulation of the Baltic Sea circulation was carried out for two time intervals corresponding to the inflow and non-inflow cases. For these time intervals, I identified processes prevalent in the bottom layer dynamics at specific points on the pathway of the inflow waters propagation in the Baltic Sea. An analysis of the variability of bottom friction velocity made it possible to estimate the likelihood of bottom sediment resuspension at these points and to predict propagation ...

... information is given by the data of the transverse shore leveling. The combination of a number of different profiles allows one to obtain speed and direction quantitative characteristics of the coastal processes at a particular morphodynamic site over a specific time interval. It is important to have a reasonable choice of a marker, i. e. an element of the relief, the change in position of which makes it possible to obtain the magnitude of deformations of the shore as a whole or its individual forms....

The paper presents the results of a study of metal accumulation (Cu, Zn, Mn, Sr, Ni, Ca, Fe, Br, Rb) in the leaves of trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants (a total of 22 species) in the urban environment of Kaliningrad. The study area includes major geochemical landscapes – residential, industrial, and recreational districts. The background concentration of metals in plants is studied. The study establishes the presence of significant anthropogenic sources of metal pollution of vegetation in Kaliningrad...

This paper summarizes the results of gravity surveys conducted across two palaeoincisions cut into the sub-Quaternary surface in the coastal area of the Kaliningrad region near Svetlogorsk. Strong local negative anomalies caused by the palaeoincisions are observed on the gravity anomaly profiles. The analysis of the palaeoincision's spatial distribution by using gravity data assumed that there is the system of intersecting V-shaped depressions rather than individual paleostructures buried in the...

... 13—25. 41. Iersela P. A. M. van, Bakkerb S. C. M., Jonkera A. J. H., Hadders-Algrac M. Quality of general movements in term infants with asphyxia// Early Human Development. 2009. Vol. 85 (1). P. 7—12. 42. Hamer E. G., Bos A. F., Hadders-Algra M. Specific characteristics of abnormal general movements are associated with functional outcome at school age// Early Human Development. 2016. Vol. 95. P. 9—13.

This article examines seasonal and interannual changes in the parameters of mesoscale water dynamics in the upper 200 m layer of the ocean due to the biomass and biological resources distribution, as well as the specific dynamics of the atmospheric processes. The authors identify the scope and mechanisms of the impact of oceanological conditions on the biomass and distribution of commercial horse mackerel concentrations in the southern part of the Pacific Ocean ...

This paper examines the current condition and development prospects of the fuel and energy industry of the Kaliningrad region specified in regional programmes. The authors compare the potentials of different renewable energy sources and provide information on the exploitation of different renewable energy objects in the region. The article presents a preliminary assessment of the thermal capacity necessary for the residential area of an ecovillage with a population of 50,000 and suggests ensuring...

... energetic constraints on distribution and winter survival of weasel males // J. of Animal Ecology.2010. Vol. 80, Is. 1. P. 259—269. 19. Uexkull J. An Introduction to Umwelt // Semiotica. 2001. № 134 (1/4). P. 107—110. 20. Vladimirova E. J. Specific Functional Forms of Behavior in Pine Martens (Martes martes) // Russ. J. of Theriol. 2011. № 2. P. 47—58.