Philology, pedagogy, and psychology

The author analyses examples from the English language and, based on their analysis, investigates the mechanism of conceptual metonymy reflected in the syntactic structure of the utterance. Conceptual metonymy is considered as a factor determining the structure of the utterance describing a fragment of reality. The author explores models of metonymic transfers, in which spatial relations act as the source domain, and identifies types of situations, which are metonymically represented as the location and movement of the object in space.

The article discusses the communicative and pragmatic nature of intertextuality in political discourse, realized by different intertextual inclusions: allusions perform thematic functions in utterances specifying the thematic line in discourse while citations and phraseological units are used to form rhematic progressions, the aim of which is to provide new information about the theme. The theme-rheme sequence contributes to textual coherence; it facilitates a better understanding of the text and shapes the intented point of view in the reader.

The article deals with linguistic aspects of localizaton, in particular, with cultural adaptation of non-equivalent lexis in the translation of computer games from Russian into English. The research is focused on the types of nonequivalent lexical units typical of game discourse and their translation into the Russian language.

The author investigates the use of gender marked lexemes in retrospective texts of the 19th and 20th century written by male authors. Gender identity in the male written texts is reflected in gender marked lexemes (GML), representing subjective autonominations realized at the lexical level in subjectified and objectified ways. A specific feature typical of the actualization of GMLs relevant for male retrospective texts is their social context, i. e. professional and academic pragmatic parametres, personality traits, the spirit of male friendship etc. It indicates a high degree of socialization of men and the relevance of the collective male identity as a literary subject.

The author explores the function and role of modal particles in the texts of the St. Petersburg Vedomosti newspaper. Modal particles are describes as a means of representing the position of the author of newspaper texts, and speaking broadly, and a means of expressing subjective modality. Modal particles accentuate modal and textual meanings and bring socially significant information to the reader. The author analyses the role of modal particles in enriching news texts with modal and qualitative shades: drawing the reader's attention to relevant information, revealing communicatively meaningful content, expressing evaluation and separating facts from assumptions

The authors analyze modal semantics of infinitive sentences using examples from the Russian language of the second half of the 17th and early 18th centuries. Special attention is paid to the interaction of modal semantics with the pragmatic background of the utterance. The authors identify a variety of modal meanings, including those of necessity and obligation expressed by constructions with an independent infinitive in legislative directive documents. The authors analyze the dependence of the semantics of these constructions on the genre of the text.

The paper describes the results of denominal verb analysis. Corpora of media texts provide material for the analysis. The author explores patterns of novel meaning formation in denominal verbs. The proposed method is based on the notion of ‘seme-symbol’. The author reconstructions the semantic structure of motivating nouns and determines the role of different elements in the semantic structure of the verb. It is stressed that context contributes to the actualization or neutralization of particular semes, which leads to redistribution of elements in the semantic structure of the verb. The formation of novel meaning occurs through the actualization of the most relevant feature of the motivating noun in the semantic structure of the verb. The research on denominal verbal units showed that novel meaning formation is always contextually dependent. The redistribution of semes is caused by the influence of contextual qualifiers, resulting in the formation of new inner structural relations that lead to the formation of novel meanings of the verb.

The article establishes the boundaries of the musical analogy in the comments of H. Broch to the novel «Death of Virgil». In the novel, musicality is associated with the motives of ‘voice’ and ‘hearing’. Noting the propensity to onomatopoeia in the work of J. Joyce, H. Broch aims to depict the music of human speech. By doing so, he follows the prevailing tendencies in the music art of the beginning of the 20th century, reviving interest in vocal genres (cantata, oratorios).

The author shows a change of the axiological paradigm in the literature of the 20th—21st centuries using examples from the novel Angels & Insects by the contemporary British writer A. S. Byatt. Retreat from the traditional characterization in the creation of an artistic image and the aesthetic accentuation of its importance are manifested in the rejection of the unambiguous assessment of moral and ethical evaluation and emphatic characterological art image. The tale “Things Are Not What They Seem” brings together an ensemble of inserted structures, changing the prism of the axiological system, the plot and the meaning of the novel. It creates a wide variability of axiological senses, and the changable axiological poetics of the novel.

The author studies lexical dominants of the vocabulary of precedent biblical anthroponyms David and Goliath in the biblical texts and poetic texts based on the Bible. It is shown that the precedent name in the poetic text becomes a means of expressing the author’s assessment of the depicted. Changes are revealed in the semantics of images resulting from the author’s individual assessment and the reader’s perception. The author demonstrates the dependence of the functioning of the two biblical anthropoetonims on the character of text-reader communication, and on the formation of the common cultural space of the author and the reader.

The author analyzes genetic connections and typological convergences of the drama «Don Carlos» by F. Schiller and the works of A. Mickiewicz and F. Dostoevsky. In the intertextual aspect, the author comes to a conclusion about the key role of the ideology of freedom and power in F. Schiller’s drama «Don Carlos», in «The Great Improvisation» by A. Mickiewicz and the legend of The Great Inquisitor by F. Dostoevsky. It is shown that F. Dostoevsky reduces the ideology of freedom and power, typical of F. Schiller and A. Mickiewicz, to the Evangelical archetype of the three temptations of Christ and the choice between freedom and power — to a metaphysical dispute about the human soul.

The author analyses the process of evaluating works of art in media texts and highlights the main stages of this process. The author proposes a methodology for analyzing speech forms of journalistic representation of a work of art based on the achievements of modern Russian intentional stylistics. Using examples of literary critical texts devoted to the novel «Lavr» by Evgeny Vodolazkin, whose publication became an event for the media art discourse, the author explores special features of the formation of value judgments at each stage of critical evaluation. The analytical technique developed by the author is applied to texts brought to the recepient through various channels of mass communication: published in the quality newspaper Vedomosti, and the TV channel Russia-Kultura. The author concludes that media texts of the analyzed type demonstrate a gradual, stage-by-stage unfolding of artistic evaluation, which is reflected in the language forms of journalistic works. This structure of evaluation reflects a change in the object of evaluation.

The article analyses the formation of social competences in the field of education and social work in Kaliningrad. The author identifies performance indicators according to age and the dynamics of competence formation in representatives of three age groups. The three age groups analyzed demonstrate significant differences in both the overall competence as such and its individual components. The results of the research can be used in education, in the work with asocial adolescents and in the resocialization of family members in difficult life situations.

The relevance of the study is determined by the importance of cognitive functions for high performance in sports. Cognitive training is one of the ways to develop cognitive functions. The study shows a positive influence of the method proposed on the state of cognitive functions in young athletes in the recovery period of the training cycle. The results obtained can significantly improve the effectiveness of relaxation exercises in young athletes.

The article deals with the problem of professionally oriented language training. The authors analyze the methodology of teaching a foreign language to BA students of the Institute of Physical Culture. The authors hold that the professionally oriented project «Guide to the sports facilities of the Kaliningrad region» can significantly improve the quality and efficiency of language training and make it more professionally oriented.

The author investigates the transformation of life strategies of people living in the area of armed conflict in Donetsk People’s Republic. Due to difficult life circumstances, civilians in the area of armed conflict lose their life goals and priorities, and their attitudes and value orientations change. These basic categories are structural elements of the value-semantic and motivationaldynamic spheres of personality, which influence the transformation of life strategies of the individual. The empirical study done by the author shows the most significant values in the group of respondents from the areas of lowintensity and intensive shelling. It is concluded that under the conditions of armed conflict, civilians undergo significant changes not only in their basic value orientations and beliefs, but also in their entire personality.

The paper describes possibilities and prospects of big data analysis in education given a rapid development of technology. The author explores new approaches to the modernization of the system of education, which are based on big data technologies, including unstructured data. The article offers techniques and tools that could help to solve the existing problems in education and describes some negative consequences of the massive use of big data in modern digital society.