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<doi_batch xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.crossref.org/schema/5.3.1" xmlns:jats="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1" xmlns:fr="http://www.crossref.org/fundref.xsd" xmlns:ai="http://www.crossref.org/AccessIndicators.xsd" version="5.3.1"><head><doi_batch_id>NONE</doi_batch_id><timestamp>20260531220448609</timestamp><depositor><depositor_name>Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University</depositor_name><email_address>no-reply@journals.kantiana.ru</email_address></depositor><registrant>Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University</registrant></head><body><journal><journal_metadata><full_title>IKBFU's Vestnik. Series: Natural Sciences</full_title><issn media_type="print">2500-3208</issn></journal_metadata><journal_issue><publication_date media_type="print"><month>05</month><day>31</day><year>2026</year></publication_date><journal_volume><volume>1</volume></journal_volume><issue>1</issue></journal_issue><journal_article publication_type="full_text"><titles><title>Demographic development scenarios for the Kaliningrad region</title></titles><contributors><person_name sequence="first" contributor_role="author"><given_name>G. M.</given_name><surname>Fedorov</surname></person_name></contributors><jats:abstract><jats:p>The Kaliningrad region has a sub-replacement fertility rate (with a total fertility rate of about 1.8) and a slightly negative rate of natural increase. With a net migration of up to 10,000 people per year (Russian regions account for 37 % of this figure), the population of the region is increasing and the workforce number is stable. Population change and age-sex structure forecasts strongly rely on the estimates of prospective net migration and a rate of natural increase. Accompanied by a decreasing age-specific mortality rate and growing life expectancy, the current age-specific fertility rate and net migration ensure a stable workforce number and a positive rate of natural increase, against the background of an increasing dependency ratio. The article considers possible measures to increase the birth rate, to reduce the morality rate, and to regulate migration processes.</jats:p></jats:abstract><publication_date media_type="print"><month>05</month><day>31</day><year>2026</year></publication_date><pages><first_page>1</first_page><last_page>1</last_page></pages><citation_list><citation key="1"><unstructured_citation>1. Аналитический отчет по итогам выборочного наблюдения репродуктивных планов населения в 2012 году // Демография / Федеральная служба государственной статистики. 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Later, political (wars, revolutions, changes in national borders) and economic factors (economic crises, changes in the overall economic situation, and shifts in the structure of the economy) come to the fore. The time series of statistical data from 1890—1900 to 2015—2016 and the major events in the region’s history were juxtaposed and compared to identify the key stages in the formation of regional models of agricultural nature management in the Baltics and the Kaliningrad region. A comprehensive historical and geographical analysis helped to reconstruct balances for each landmark in the evolution of agricultural nature management in the Baltics and the Kaliningrad region. 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A.</given_name><surname>Izranov</surname></person_name><person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author"><surname>Kazantseva</surname></person_name><person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author"><given_name>V.</given_name><surname>N.</surname></person_name><person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author"><given_name>M.A</given_name><surname>Beletskaya</surname></person_name><person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author"><given_name>M. F.</given_name><surname>Martinovich</surname></person_name><person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author"><given_name>N. A.</given_name><surname>Ponomarev</surname></person_name></contributors><jats:abstract><jats:p>This article estimates the accuracy of various formulas used to calculate the standard volume of the liver. The authors identify formulas most adequate for a comparison with volumetry results obtained using JT Childs’s easy-touse formula. The study employed the anthropometric data (age, sex, and weight) and the calculations of body height, body surface area (BSA), and liver sizes of 36 healthy volunteers. The volume of the liver was determined using different formulas that take into account either the body surface area or the product of the three dimensions of the liver (the oblique vertical size of the right lobe, the thickness of the right lobe, and the thickness of the left lobe). JT Childs’s formula was chosen as producing the most accurate results and as the most adequate for the use by a practicing ultrasound specialist. The deviation percentage of results obtained using the other formulas was calculated in relation to Childs’s formula. It is concluded that the most accurate formula for calculating the standard volume of the liver is that proposed by A Chouker. 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