NONE20260531214956563Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal Universityno-reply@journals.kantiana.ruImmanuel Kant Baltic Federal UniversitySlovo.ru: Baltic accent2225-53462686-89890531202611N.AzarovaS.BochaverV.Feshchenko0531202611S.BochaverV.FeshchenkoThis paper studies the vision of translation developed within structuralism, cross-cultural studies, and semiotics and compares them with the theory of cultural transfers. The authors identify key notions of each theory or school. Some of these notions — code, opposition, discretion, and border — permeate the scientific vocabulary of many linguistic schools. However, these terms easily acquire new meanings and interpretations in research works. The continuity of communication space is key to semiotic and cultural transfer approaches. The paper shows how scholars conceptualise translation and how the concept of translation transforms. The differences between the above-mentioned schools relate to the way translation is perceived; they also show which cognitive operations or procedures each linguistic paradigm identifies as priority ones. The understanding of translation corresponds to different cognitive operations — shared knowledge is important for structuralism, perspectivisation is relevant to cross-cultural studies, and blending is crucial for cultural transfer studies.05312026111. Dem'yankov V. Z., 1996. Joint knowledge vs. common or shared knowledge. In: Kubryakova, E. S., Dem'yankov, V. Z., Pankrats, Yu. G., Luzina, L. G. Kratkii slovar' kognitivnykh terminov [The brief dictionary of cognitive terms] / ed. by E. S. Kubryakova. Moscow. pp. 174—175.2. Dem'yankov,V. Z., 2016. Cognitive techniques of knowledge transfer. Kognitivnye issledovaniya yazyka [The cognitive study of language], 26, pp. 29—32.3. Dmitrieva, E., 2011. 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Fontaine, A., Goubet, J.-F., 2016. Présentation. Transferts culturels et réceptions de la pédagogie allemande dans l’espace francophone (XVIIIe-XXe siècles). Revue germanique international, 23, pp. 5—15.43. Tateoka, K., Grechko, V., Kitamura, Y. 2016. Found in Translation: Transformation, Adaptation and Cross-Cultural Transfer. Belgrade.44. Gasimov, Z., Aksakal, H., 2015. Not quite in, but via Europe. Reading Lenin in Turkey. ZeitschriftfuV.PostovalovaThе article examines the connection between conceptualisation and transfer of knowledge in the humanities and analyses the role of these processes in the formation of conceptual and terminological framework for different types of discourse. The study draws on an analytical description of the development of the concept of energy in the Christian Orthodox discourse. The description was provided from the perspective of transferology — a new metadiscipline aimed to study the meaning-focused transformations of epistemological formations when transferred between different fields of knowledge. The author considers two types of transference — the explicit and implicit ones. In the former case, the genetic source of transferred epistemological formations — notions, concepts, terms, models, theoretical schemes, etc. — are known. In the latter case, the conceptual sources of the borrowed elements are unclear. The author addresses the need to develop a special epistemological discipline — conceptual comparative studies — aimed to analyse the ways of, and principles behind, the reality studied within discourses of various types.05312026111. Aristotel', 1999. Metafizika [Metaphysics]. Rostov-on-Don.2. Bibikhin, V. V., 2005. Energy. Tochki — Puncta [Points — Puncta], 1—2(5), pp. 120—164.3. Bibikhin, V. V., 2008. 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Moscow.22. Losev, A. F., 1994. Mif — Chislo — Sushchnost' [Myth — Number — Essence]. Moscow.23. Losskii, V. N., 1991. Ocherk misticheskogo bogosloviya Vostochnoi Tserkvi. Dogmaticheskoe bogoslovie [Essay on the mystical theology of the Eastern Church. Dogmatic theology]. Moscow.24. Losskii, V. N., 2000. Bogoslovie i Bogovidenie [Theology and Vision of God]. Moscow.25. Losskii, V. N., 2013. Ocherk misticheskogo bogosloviya Vostochnoi Tserkvi. Dogmaticheskoe bogoslovie [Essay on the mystical theology of the Eastern Church. Dogmatic theology]. Sergiev Posad.26. Meiendorf, I., protopresbyter, 1997. Zhizn' i trudy svyatitelya Grigoriya Palamy: Vvedenie v izuchenie [The life and works of St. Gregory Palama: Introduction to the study]. St. Petersburg.27. Mikhailov, A. V., 1993. Instead of introduction. In: Khaidegger, M. Raboty i razmyshleniya raznykh let [Works and reflections of different years]. Moscow. pp. 7—52.28. Obolevich, T., 2014. Ot imyaslaviya k estetike. 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Khoruzhii, S. S., 2012. Issledovaniya po isikhastskoi traditsii. T. 2: K femenologii askezy [Research on hesychast tradition. Vol. 2: To the phenomenology of asceticism]. St. Petersburg.49. Khoruzhii, S. S., 2015. Bibikhin, Khaidegger, Palama v probleme energii [Bibikhin, Heidegger, Palamas in the problem of energy]. Stasis, 3(11).50. Tseller, E., 1996. Ocherk istorii grecheskoi filosofii [Essay on the history of Greek philosophy]. Moscow.51. Il'ichev, L. F., Fedoseev, P. N., Kovalev, S. M., Panov, V. G., eds., 1983. Filosofskii entsiklopedicheskii slovar' [Philosophical encyclopedic dictionary]. Moscow. p. 800.S.ProskurinThis article considers the synthesis of information transference in space and time and examines the etymology of Indo-European lexis. The author pays attention to the origin of the lexis connected with the ‘bear’ semantics. The bear taboo was developing against the background of information passed on from one tradition to another and of ideas imported within cultural transfer. The analysis reveals the original Indo-European root for ‘bear’, which was tabooed across different Indo-European traditions, including in Old English. The article shows that cultural transfer explains the fact that philosophical lexis originates from handicraft terms. Cultural transfer determines the choice of lexical transferences and creates new possibilities for topical vocabularies through demonstrating different paradigms of the structural exchange of knowledge. Transferences belong to the realm of transition from the concrete to the abstract and determine the evolutionary lines of historical semantics.05312026111. Gamkrelidze, T. V., Ivanov, V. V., 1984. Indoevropeiskii yazyk i indoevropeitsy. Rekonstruktsiya i istoriko-tipologicheskii analiz prayazyka i protokul'tury [Indo-European language and Indo-Europeans. 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Clothing items are universal realia; they form concepts, mythologemes, symbols, gauges, stereotypes, etc. in the realm of ideas about the world. These ideas are interpreted within different fields of human spiritual life, for instance, in proverbs. Proverbs featuring clothing items are a major source for understanding tastes, preferences, lifestyles, customs, and worldview of a nation. Images of garments in proverbs are a particular form of expressing the key ideas of a culture. Moreover, such images serve as condensers of the established etiquette, ethical, social, and other judgements. A cultural and linguistic analysis reveals cultural and linguistic limitations on the variability of clothing items in proverbs. The author describes cultural constants captured in the names of clothing items used in proverbs. Such constants are defined as essential for understanding the Russian mentality.05312026111. Abakumova, O. B., 2012. 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Moscow, pp. 5—16.38. Stepanov, Yu. S., Proskurin, S. G., 1993. Konstanty mirovoi kul'tury. Alfavity i alfavitnye teksty v periody dvoeveriya Constants of world culture [Alphabets and alphabetical texts during the periods of dual faith]. Moscow.39. Teliya, V. N. 1999. Priorities and methodological problems of the study of phraseological composition of language in the context of culture. In: V. N. Teliya, ed. Frazeologiya v kontekste kul'tury [Phraseology in the context of culture]. Moscow, pp. 13—24.40. Teliya, V. N., 2004. Cultural-linguistic competence: its high probability and deep intimacy in units of the phraseological composition of the language. In: V. N. Teliya, ed. Kul'turnye sloi vo frazeologizmakh i v diskursivnykh praktikakh [Cultural layers in phraseologisms and in discourse practices]. Moscow, pp. 19—30.41. Teliya, V. N., 2006. Afterword. The purpose, goals and objectives of a new type of phraseological dictionary. In: V. N. Teliya, ed. Bol'shoi frazeologicheskii slovar' russkogo yazyka. Znachenie. Upotreblenie. Kul'turologicheskii kommentarii [Large phraseological dictionary of the Russian language. Value. Use. Culturological commentary]. Moscow, pp. 776—782.42. Tolstaya, S. M., ed., 2011. Slavyanskaya mifologiya. Entsiklopedicheskii slovar' [Slavic mythology. Encyclopedic dictionary]. Moscow.43. Tolstoi, N. I., 1995. Yazyk i narodnaya kul'tura. Ocherki po slavyanskoi mifologii i etnolingvistike [Language and folk culture. Essays on Slavic mythology and ethnolinguistics]. Moscow.44. Fattakhova, N. N., Kul'kova, M. A., 2013. Narodnye primety v raznostrukturnykh yazykakh [Folk features in different structure languages]. Moscow.45. Frolova, O. E., 2007. Mir, stoyashchii za tekstom: Referentsial'nye mekhanizmy poslovits, anekdota, volshebnoi skazki i avtorskogo povestvovatel'nogo khudozhestvennogo teksta [The world behind the text: Referential mechanisms of proverbs, anecdote, fairy tale and author's narrative litaraty text]. Moscow.46. Frolova, O. E., 2013. Proverbs and sayings about panache. Traditsionnaya kul'tura [Traditional culture], 4, pp. 89—95.47. Kheizinga, I., 1995. Osen' srednevekov'ya [Autumn of the Middle Ages]. Moscow. Vol. 1.48. Cherkasova, I. N., 1991. Symbolic component of idioms. In: V. N. Teliya, ed. Maket slovarnoi stat'i dlya Avtomatizirovannogo tolkovo-ideograficheskogo slovarya russkikh frazeologizmov. Obraztsy slovarnykh statei [Mock-up of the dictionary entry for the Automated explanatory-ideographic dictionary of Russian phraseologisms. Samples of entries]. Moscow, pp. 96—98.49. Cherkasskii, M. A., 1978. Experience in constructing a functional model of one particular semiotic system. In: G. L. Permyakov, ed. Paremiologicheskii sbornik. Poslovitsa. Zagadka (Struktura, smysl, tekst) [Paremiological collection. Proverb. Riddle (Structure, meaning, text)]. Moscow, pp. 35—52.50. Shmelev, A. D., 1988. The problem of selecting the relevant denotative space and types of world-producing operators. In: Referentsiya i problemy tekstoobrazovaniya [The reference and problems of text formation]. Moscow, pp. 64—81.51. Shmelev, A. D., 2002. Referential mechanisms of language. In: Shmelev, A. D. Russkii yazyk i vneyazykovaya deistvitel'nost' [Russian language and extralinguistic reality]. Moscow, pp. 13—201.52. NKRYa. Natsional'nyi korpus russkogo yazyka [Russian National Corpus]. Available at: http://www.ruscorpora.ru[Accessed 03 March 2017].53. Schedrin, V. Sch., 2014. Khodit' v laptyakh da po parketu ne soobrazno etiketu... [To walk in bast shoes and on the parquet floor is not according to etiquette...] Available at: https://www.chitalnya.ru/work/979764/ [Accessed 03 March 2017].54. Filipp Kirkorov gotov snova stat' papoi [Philip Kirkorov is ready to become a father again] Available at: https://deti.mail.ru/news/filipp-kirkorov-gotov-snova-stat-otcom [Accessed 03 March 2017].55. Lapti [bast shoes]. Available at: https://ru.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0 %D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8 [Accessed 03 March 2017].56. Mams klab [Mum’s club]. Available at: http://mams-club.ru/forum/40/16376/390573/index.html [Accessed 03 March 2017].57. Poslovitsy pro lapti [Proverbs about bast shoes]. Available at: http://detskiychas.ru/proverbs/poslovitsy_pro_lapty/[Accessed 03 March 2017].S.DronovThis paper deals with the views of Daniel L. Everett as exemplified in his major works Don’t Sleep, There Are Snakes and Language: The Cultural Tool. The aim of this study is to analyse the connection of these works to various schools of thought and to examine the possible link with linguistic cultural studies. Everett’s definitions of language and culture are contrasted with those of various schools in linguistics. It should be noted that Everett does not appear to use the term linguistic worldview. Yet, due to the rich empirical evidence found and set out in his books and papers, Everett effectively summarizes the views on the subject of worldview. Everett’s standpoint does not show significant differences from those of Anna Wierzbicka, or Veronika N. Teliya. At the end of this article, Everett is compared to Émile Benveniste, who — while not belonging explicitly to any school of thought — gave an exhaustive description of concepts and ideas found in contemporary linguistics.05312026111. Arutyunova, N. D., 1990. Discourse. In: V. N. Yartsev, ed. Lingvisticheskii entsiklopedicheskii slovar' [Linguistic encyclopedic dictionary]. Moscow.2. Benvenist, E., 1974. Obshchaya lingvistika [General Linguistics]. Moscow.3. Vinokur, G. O., 1959. On the objectives of the history of language. In: Vinokur, G. O. Izbrannye trudy po russkomu yazyku [Selected works on the Russian language]. Moscow, pp. 206—225.4. Gerder, I. G., 1977. Idei k filosofii istorii chelovechestva [Ideas to the philosophy of the history of mankind]. Moscow.5. Zaliznyak, A. A. Yazykovaya kartina mira [Language picture of the world]. Available at: http://www.krugosvet.ru/enc/gumanitarnye_nauki/lingvistika/YAZIKOVAYA_KARTINA_MIRA.html [Accessed 13 April 2017].6. Zaliznyak, A. A., Levontina, I. B., Shmelev, A. D., 2005. Klyuchevye idei russkoi yazykovoi kartiny mira [Key ideas of the Russian language picture of the world]. Moscow.7. Kovshova, M. L., 2012. Lingvokul'turologicheskii metod vo frazeologii: Kody kul'tury [Linguistic-cultural method in phraseology: Codes of culture]. Moscow.8. Kovshova, M. L., Gudkov, D. B., 2017. Slovar' lingvokul'turologicheskikh terminov [Dictionary of linguistic-cultural terms]. Moscow.9. Teliya, V. N., 1994. Nominativs composition of language as a subject of linguoculturology. In: Natsional'no-kul'turnyi komponent v tekste i yazyke [National-cultural component in the text and language]. Minsk. Part 1.10. Teliya, V. N., 1996. Russkaya frazeologiya. Semanticheskii, pragmaticheskii i lingvokul'turologicheskii aspekty [Russian phraseology. Semantic, pragmatic and linguocultural aspects]. Moscow.11. Khrolenko, A. T., 2009. Osnovy lingvokul'turologii [Basics of linguoculturology]. Moscow.12. Everett, D. L., 2016. Ne spi — krugom zmei! Byt i yazyk indeitsev amazonskikh dzhunglei [Don’t Sleep — There are snakes! Life and language in the Amazonian jungle]. Moscow.13. Everett, D., 2008. Don’t Sleep There Are Snakes: Life and Language in the Amazonian Jungle. Vintage Departures.14. Everett, D., 2013. Language: The Cultural Tool. Profile Books.15. Hauser, M. D., Yang, C., Berwick, R. C. et al., 2014. The mystery of language evolution. Frontiers in Psychology, 07 May.16. Humboldt, H. W. von., 1905. Wilhelm von Humboldts Werke. Bd. 4. / ed. by A. Leitzmann. Berlin.O.OrlovaThe article considers the riddle as an object of linguistic research. Today, studying riddles remains relevant, since they have not been examined from the perspective of cultural linguistics. The cultural meanings preserved in traditional riddles across nations have not been identified and described. However, filling this gap requires an analysis of the most prominent research works I the field. The most fundamental works on the structure, semantics, and pragmatics of riddles are considered in this article. The author reviews the ideas of Russian and international researchers on different aspects of riddle studies within the two major approaches — the philological and ethnolinguistic ones. The article stresses the contribution made by the compilers of collections of riddles to riddle studies. Different ways to organize collections of riddles are described in the case of Russian and English editions. The article identifies the ideas both common and unique to individual riddle researchers and summarizes their findings. The author lays groundwork for further research on riddles from the perspective of linguistics, in particular, cultural linguistics.05312026111. Aristotel', 1998. Poetics. On the art of poetry. In: Aristotel'. Etika. Politika. Ritorika. Poetika. Kategorii [Ethics. Politics. Rhetoric. Poetics. Categories]. Minsk. pp. 1064—1112.2. Golovacheva, A. V., 1994. To the question of pragmatics of riddle. In: Issledovaniya v oblasti balto-slavyanskoi dukhovnoi kul'tury. Zagadka kak tekst 1 [Studies in the field of the Baltic- Slavonic spiritual culture. Riddle like text. 1]. Moscow, pp. 195—213.3. Dal', V. I., 1863. Tolkovyi slovar' zhivogo velikorusskogo yazyka [Explanatory dictionary of the living Great Russian language]. Moscow. Part. 1.4. Zhurinskii, A. N., 1989. Semanticheskaya struktura zagadki: Nemetaforicheskie preobrazovaniya smysla [Semantic structure of the riddle: Non-metaphorical transformations of the meaning]. Moscow.5. Kenges-Maranda, E., 1978. Logic of riddles. In: G. L. Permyakov, ed. Paremiologicheskii sbornik. Poslovitsa. Zagadka (Struktura, smysl, tekst) [Paremiological collection. Proverb. Riddle (Structure, meaning, text)]. Moscow, pp. 249—282.6. Kovshova, M. L., 2015. Idiom and riddle. Mysteriousness of the idiom. In: V. Dem’yankov, E. Pozdnyakova, eds. Kognitivnye issledovaniya yazyka. Lingvisticheskie tekhnologii v gumanitarnykh issledovaniyakh. Vyp. XXIII [Cognitive studies of the language. Linguistic technologies in humanitarian research. Issue XXIII]. Moscow; Tambov, pp. 643— 651.7. Levin, Yu. I., 1978. Semantic structure of the riddle. In: G. L. Permyakov, ed. Paremiologicheskii sbornik. Poslovitsa. Zagadka (Struktura, smysl, tekst) [Paremiological collection. Proverb. Riddle (Structure, meaning, text)]. Moscow, pp. 283—314.8. Rybnikova, M. A., 1932. Zagadki [Riddles]. Moscow; Leningrad.9. Sadovnikov, D. N., 1876. Zagadki russkogo naroda. Sbornik zagadok, voprosov, pritch i zadach [Riddles of the Russian people. Collection of riddles, questions, parables and tasks]. St. Petersburg.10. Senderovich, S. Ya., 2008. Morfologiya zagadki [Morphology of the riddle]. Moscow.11. Toporov, V. N., 2006. To the reconstruction of the "mysterious" proto-text (about the language of riddle). In: Toporov, V. N. Issledovaniya po etimologii i semantike. T. 2: Indoevropeiskie yazyki i indoevropeistika. Kn. 2 [Studies on etymology and semantics. Vol. 2: Indo- European Languages and Indo-European Studies. Book. 2]. Moscow, pp. 471—483.12. Abrahams, R. D., Dundes, A., 1972. Riddles. Folklore and Folklife: The Introduction. Chicago, pp. 129—144.13. Georges, R. A., Dundes, A., 1963. Toward a Structural Definition of the Riddle. The Journal of American Folklore, 76(300), pp. 111—118.14. Hamnett, I., 1967. Ambiguity, classification and change: the function of riddles. Available at: http://www. era. anthropology. ac. uk/Era_Resources/Era/Riddles/hamnet. html [Accessed 14 April 2017].15. Taylor, A., 1951. English Riddles from Oral Tradition. Berkley; Los Angeles.16. Green, T. A., Pepicello, W. J., 1979. The Folk Riddle: A Redefinition of Terms. Western Folklore, 38(1), pp. 3—20.