NONE20260530015954085Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal Universityno-reply@journals.kantiana.ruImmanuel Kant Baltic Federal UniversitySlovo.ru: Baltic accent2225-53462686-898905302026161Предпосылки становления неоструктурализма как интегральной лингвистической парадигмыM.A.KravchenkoRostov State Transport Universityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6776-4131This work is the result of methodological reflection related to the comprehension of more than two hundred years of experience accumulated since the secularization of linguistics, and the formation of a reasonable forecast regarding the near and medium-term development of linguistic science. The development of linguistics is determined by the dynamics of para­digms. In understanding the latter term, the author follows the tradition laid down by Kuhn, taking into account the nuances of its transfer to the linguistic soil formulated by academician Stepanov. The paradigm forms a deep methodological framework that has a direct impact on the goals, subject and methods of research. At the same time, the paradigm shift reflects the development and continuity of linguistic knowledge. The driving force behind the develop­ment of linguistics is the competitive struggle between the ideas of anthropocentrism and systemocentrism. To explain the mechanism of paradigmatic cyclicity, the author refers to the concept of the paradigm life cycle. The article demonstrates the signs of "aging" of the current anthropocentric paradigm. Modern linguistics is on the threshold of a new methodological search. At the current moment, prerequisites are emerging for methodological transfor­mations, the result of which may be the creation of an integral (universal) research paradigm capable of providing complete and adequate comprehension of language. Neostructuralism is considered as a variant of the implementation of the integral paradigm, as a linguistic plat­form that provides a return to the fundamental positions of systemocentrism while preserving the most productive ideas of anthropocentrism. The research principles of neostructuralism encompass holism, taxonomy (emphasis on taxometric approaches), semiotics (focus on the semiotic nature of language), multidimensionality, functionalism, and textocentrism.0530202662310.5922/2225-5346-2025-1-1https://journals.kantiana.ru/slovo/15819/82927/Alefirenko, N. F., 2002. Paradigms of modern science of language: Traditions and innovations. Izvestiya Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta. Seriya: Filologicheskie nauki [Ivzestia of the Volgograd State Pedagogical University. Series Philological sciences], 1, pp. 5—13 (in Russ.).Alpatov, V. M., 1993. On anthropocentric and system-centric approaches to language. 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Struktura nauchnykh revolyutsii [The structure of scientific revolutions]. Moscow (in Russ.).Kiklevich, A., 2012. Paradigms of linguistics as types of character profiling. In: Yazyk i metod. Russkii yazyk v lingvisticheskikh issledovaniyakh XXI veka [Language and method. The Russian language in Linguistic research of the 21st century]. Vol. 1. Kraków, pp. 119—133 (in Russ.).Kubryakova, E. S., 2008. The concept of “paradigm” in linguistics: Introduction. In: Paradigmy nauchnogo znaniya v sovremennoi lingvistike : sbornik nauchnykh trudov [Paradigms of scientific knowledge in modern linguistics : a collection of scientific papers]. Moscow, pp. 4—14 (in Russ.).Kubryakova. E. S., 1994. Paradigms of scientific knowledge in linguistics and its current status. Izvestiya Rossiiskoi akademii nauk. Seriya: literatura i yazyk [Proceedings of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Series: Literature and language], 53 (2), pp. 3—15 (in Russ.).Levisen, C., 2012. Cultural semantics and social cognition. A case study of the Danish universe of meaning. Berlin, https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110294651.Maslova, V. A., 2018. The Main Trends and Principles of Modern Linguistics. Russian Language Studies, 16 (2), pp. 172—190, https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2264- 2018-16-2-172-190 (in Russ.).Postovalova, V. I., 2016a. Linguistic Reality and The Ways of Its Comprehension (Ascension) Towards Integral Paradigms. Metaphysics, 4, pp. 59—77 (in Russ.).Postovalova, V. I., 2016b. Nauka o yazyke v svete ideala tsel'nogo znaniya: v poiskakh integral'nykh paradigm [The science of language in the light of the ideal of integral knowledge: in search of integral paradigms]. Moscow (in Russ.).Rudenko, D. I., 1993. Linguophilosophical paradigms: boundaries of language and boundaries of culture. In: Filosofiya yazyka: v granitsakh i vne granits [Philosophy of language: within and beyond borders]. Vol. 1. Kharkiv, pp. 101—173 (in Russ.).Saussure, de F., 1977. General Linguistics Course. In: F. de Saussure, ed. Trudy po yazykoznaniyu [Works on linguistics]. Moscow, pp. 31—269 (in Russ.).Sériot, P., 1993. In search of the fourth paradigm. In: Filosofiya yazyka: v granitsakh i vne granits [Philosophy of language: within and beyond borders]. Vol. 1. Kharkiv, pp. 37—52 (in Russ.).Stepanov, Yu. S. and Proskurin, S. G., 1993. The change of “cultural paradigms” and its internal mechanisms. In: Filosofiya yazyka: v granitsakh i vne granits [Philosophy of language: within and beyond borders]. Vol. 1. Kharkiv, pp. 13—36 (in Russ.).Stepanov, Yu. S., 1985. V trekhmernom prostranstve yazyka: semioticheskie problemy lingvistiki, filosofii, iskusstva [In the three-dimensional space of language: semiotic problems of linguistics, philosophy, art]. Moscow (in Russ.).Wierzbicka, A., 1997. Understanding cultures through their key words: English, Russian, Polish, German, and Japanese. Oxford.Wierzbicka, A., 1999. Emotions across languages and cultures: diversity universals. Cambridge.Zhivov, V. and Timberlake, A., 1997. Parting with structuralism (theses for discussion). Voprosy Jazykoznanija [Topics in the study of language], 3, pp. 3—14 (in Russ.).Zolyan, S. T., 2021. How to reconcile Luhmann with Saussure: The principle of intrasystemic differentiation as a basis for a neo-structuralist approach. Voprosy Jazykoznanija [Topics in the study of language], 1, pp. 121—141, https://doi.org/10. 31857/0373-658X.2021.1.121-141 (in Russ.).Zolyan, S. T., 2022. Yuri Lotman: On problems of language and linguistics. Voprosy Jazykoznanija [Topics in the study of language], 1, pp. 106—119, https://doi.org/ 10.31857/0373-658X.2022.1.106-119 (in Russ.).Концептуальное проецирование как основа манипулятивного воздействияV.I.ZabotkinaRussian State University for the Humanitieshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6674-8052E.L.BoyarskayaRussian State University for the HumanitiesImmanuel Kant Baltic Federal Universityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0179-8643The formation and operation of the global information environment, along with the increased speed of information dissemination driven by advances in information technologies, present a significant challenge to modern society. This acceleration leads to excessive cognitive load, which diminishes the ability to critically evaluate and analyse received information. This article explores the conceptual processes that underpin manipulative influences within media discourse. Through a conceptual analysis of contemporary English-language media, using the News on the Web corpus, the study identifies and describes key types of conceptual transfers that serve as the foundation of manipulative acts. The cognitive mechanisms of analogy, metaphorization, emotionalization, profiling, attribution, framing, scripting, and their numerous combinations form the basis of manipulation in modern English-language media texts. These processes are characterized by dynamism and polydomain interaction, making their identification and analysis even more complex. The dynamic nature of conceptual transfers is driven by the functioning of the experiencer's conceptual system, which continuously processes sensory data at pre-conceptual, conceptual, and category levels. Polydomain transfers enable agents of a manipulative act to craft layered conceptual narratives that target various levels of perception and interpretation, thus making manipulative effects more difficult to detect. The study of conceptual transfer in relation to manipulation is particularly crucial in the context of the global information environment, where media serves as the primary channel for the dissemination of news and opinions. A deeper understanding of the cognitive and linguistic aspects of this process is vital for developing strategies to counteract manipulative practices. This research provides an in-depth analysis of various forms of manipulation and proposes new approaches for investigating their impact on both the collective and individual experiencer.05302026243810.5922/2225-5346-2025-1-2https://journals.kantiana.ru/slovo/15819/82928/Akram, M., Nasar, A. and Arshad-Ayaz, A., 2023. A Systematic Review for Netizens’ Response to the Truth Manipulation on Social Media. Knowledge Management and E-Learning, 15 (2), pp. 322—342, https://doi.org/10.34105/j.kmel. 2023.15.018.Anokhin, K. V., 2021. Cognitome: in Search of Fundamental Neuroscience Theory of Consciousness. I. P. Pavlov Journal of Higher Nervous Activity, 71 (1), pp. 39—71, https://doi.org/10.31857/S0044467721010032 (in Russ.).Boldyrev, N. N., 2023. Secondary interpretation of the world as a way of linguistic manipulation of consciousness. In: Manipulyatsii i sotsium: yazyk, soznanie, kul'tura : sbornik nauchnykh trudov [Manipulation and Society: Language, Consciousness, Culture : collection of scientific papers]. Kaliningrad, pp. 5—8 (in Russ.).Boudani, B., 2023. Manipulation in the Translation of Diplomatic Discourse. Journal of Contemporary Educational Research, 7 (11), pp. 232—235, https://doi.org/ 10.26689/jcer.v7i11.5531.Bradshaw, S. and Howard, P., 2017. Troops, Trolls and Troublemakers: A Global Inventory of Organized Social Media Manipulation. In: Computational Propaganda Research Project. Oxford, pp. 1—37.Davidović, J., 2022. On how to defend oneself against media manipulation: The role of the informational and media literacy. CM: Communication and Media, 17 (51), pp. 97—119, https://doi.org/10.5937/cm17-34211.Demyankov, V. Z., 2017. Knowledge transfer and cognitive manipulation. Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki [Issues of Cognitive Linguistics], 4 (53), pp. 5—13, https://doi.org/10.20916/1812-3228-2017-4-5-13 (in Russ.).Demyankov, V. Z., 2018. Linguistic means of cognitive manipulation in the humanities. Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki [Issues of Cognitive Linguistics], 33. pp. 48—52 (in Russ.).Fauconnier, G. and Turner, M., 2008. Conceptual Projection and Middle Spaces. SSRN Electronic Journal, https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1290862.Grishenkova, T. F. and Variyasova, E. V., 2019. Suggestion as a Method of Linguistic Manipulation in Religious Discourse. Bulletin of Kemerovo State University, 21 (4), pp. 1086—1094, https://doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2019-21-4-1086-1094 (in Russ.).Kahneman, D., Sibony, O. and Sunstein, C., 2021. Noise: A Flaw in Human Judgment. London.Krafft, P. M. and Donovan, J., 2020. Disinformation by Design: The Use of Evidence Collages and Platform Filtering in a Media Manipulation Campaign. Political Communication, 37 (2), pp. 194—214, https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.2019. 1686094.Levitskaya, A. and Fedorov, A., 2020. Typology and Mechanisms of Media Manipulation. International Journal of Media and Information Literacy, 5 (1), pp. 69—78 https://doi.org/10.13187/IJMIL.2020.1.69.Malyuga, E. N. and Tomalin, B., 2017. Communicative Strategies and Tactics of Speech Manipulation in Intercultural Business Discourse. Training, Language and Culture, 1 (1), pp. 28—45, https://doi.org/10.29366/2017tlc.1.1.2.Markusoff, J., 2018. Ultra-partisan social media is an addictive hazard — and detox is a last resort. Maclean’s, 4 April. Available at: https://macleans.ca/society/ ultra-partisan-social-media-is-an-addictive-hazard-and-detox-is-a-last-resort/ [Accessed 30 April 2024].Marwick, A. and Lewis, R., 2017. Media Manipulation and Disinformation Online. Data & Society Research Institute, May 15. Available at: https://datasociety.net/ library/media-manipulation-and-disinfo-online/ [Accessed 11 April 2024].Pesina, S. A., Abramzon, T.Ye., Rudakova S. V., et al., 2020. Linguo-Cognitive Aspects of Manipulation in Political Discourse. Laplage em Revista, 6 (Extra-C), https://doi.org/10.24115/s2446-622020206extra-c673p.330-337.Polyakova, L. S., Yuzhakova, Yu. V., Zalavina, T.Yu. and Dyorina, N. V., 2020. Linguistic Manipulation Means in English Political Discourse. Revista Amazonia Investiga, 9 (33), https://doi.org/10.34069/ai/2020.33.09.3.Troshchenkova, E. V., 2022. Memes as a tool for deconstructing media manipulation. Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki [Issues of Cognitive Linguistics], 2, pp. 74—86, https://doi.org/10.20916/1812-3228-2022-2-74-86 (in Russ.).van Dijk, T. A., 2006. Discourse and manipulation. Discourse and Society, 17 (3), pp. 359—383, https://doi.org/10.1177/095792650606025.Zabotkina, V. I. and Boyarskaya, E. L., 2024. Dynamics of Conceptual Mapping in Media Discourse: Manipulative Aspect. Kognitivnye issledovaniya yazyka [Cognitive Studies of Language], 5 (61), рр. 74—81 (in Russ.).Когнитивные механизмы семантической адаптации заимствований в русском языкеV.A.BelovPeter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic Universityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4173-2000V.M.BelovaPower Machines Joint Stock Companyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6057-1580This paper investigates the semantic adaptation of new borrowings in Russian, addressing a gap in research on this topic. The relevance of the study stems from the ambiguous and often negative public perception of the increasing number of borrowings in the Russian language. The study aims to classify these borrowings and identify the under­lying causes of the borrowing process. The central hypothesis is that the semantic adaptation of borrowings is determined by the types of cognitive categorization employed. Two types of categorization are described: logical categorization and non-logical categorization. Logical categorization involves the rational structuring of phenomena within a native speaker’s worldview, while non-logical categorization reflects an emotional-evaluative perception of reality, expressing various emotions through borrowings. The research draws on several sources, including the National Corpus of the Russian Language, media publications, Rus­sian dictionaries, statistical data from the Yandex search engine, and the results of a psycho­linguistic experiment involving 106 native speakers. In the experiment, participants were tasked with interpreting stimulus words, providing insights into how borrowings are unders­tood and categorized. The study's primary outcome is a typology of borrowings, differentiated by the organization of their semantic relationships. The typology includes borrowings that denote new phenomena in reality, borrowings used as substitutes for synonymous native phrases, and borrowing-doublets. Logical categorization establishes hierarchical semantic connections for borrowings, while non-logical categorization conveys emotional and eva­luative attitudes. The findings indicate that logical categorization is predominant for most bor­rowings, whereas non-logical categorization applies to a smaller subset. In some cases, these types of categorization can co-occur. The study concludes that cognitive categorization plays a crucial role in the semantic adaptation of borrowings, offering new insights into their integration into the Russian language.05302026395810.5922/2225-5346-2025-1-3https://journals.kantiana.ru/slovo/15819/82930/Belov, V. A., 2018. Ways of Naive Interpretation of the Lexical Meaning of Nouns. Verkhnevolzhskii filologicheskii vestnik [Verhnevolzhski philological bulletin], 4, pp. 83—91, https://doi.org/10.24411/2499-9679-2018-10201 (in Russ.).Borisova, O. S., 2014. Adaptatsiya inoyazychnoi leksiki v sisteme yazyka i vospriyatii nositelei [Adaptation of foreign language vocabulary in the system of language and the perception of native speakers]. PhD thesis. Kemerovo (in Russ.).Budagov, R. A., 1965. Vvedenie v nauku o yazyke: uchebnoe posobie [Introduction to the science of language: a textbook]. Moscow (in Russ.).Chen Huan, 2017. Buzzwords in Modern Russian and Chinese Newspapers: Origin, Semantics, Functions. Russian Journal of Linguistics, 21 (4), pp. 749—766, https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-9182-2017-21-4-749-766 (in Russ.).Cruse, A. and Croft, W., 2004. Cognitive Linguistics. Cambridge, https://doi.org/ 10.1017/CBO9780511803864.Dzuba, E. V., 2013. Subcategorization as cognitive phenomenon: VEGETABLES, FRUIT, BERRIES, NUTS in the Russian linguistic consciousness. Vestnik Leningradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta imeni A. S. Pushkina [Pushkin Leningrad State University Journal], 7 (2), pp. 33—45 (in Russ.).Efremova, T. F., 2000. Novyi slovar' russkogo yazyka. Tolkovo-slovoobrazovatel'nyi [New dictionary of the Russian language. Explanatory and derivational]. Moscow. Available at: https://www.efremova.info/ [Accessed 05 February 2021] (in Russ.).Goncharova, Ye. A., 2009. Dinamicheskie protsessy v leksikone yazykovoi lichnosti [Dynamic processes in the lexicon of a linguistic human]. PhD thesis. Novosibirsk (in Russ.).Haspelmath, M., 2009. Lexical borrowing: concepts and issues. In: M. Haspelmath and U. Tadmor, eds. Loanwords in the World’s Languages: a comparative handbook. Berlin, pp. 35—54, https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110218442.Kang, Y., 2011. Loanword phonology. In: M. van Oostendorp, C. Ewen, E. Hume, and K. Rice, eds. Companion to Phonology. Boston; Leiden, pp. 624—629, https://doi. org/10.1002/9781444335262.wbctp0095.Kotsova, E. E., 2019. Semantic adaptation of English loan words-agnonyms in Russian lexis. Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki [Issues of Cognitive Linguistics], 2, pp. 139—146, https://doi.org/10.20916/1812-3228-2019-2-139-146 (in Russ.).Kozyrev, V. A. and Chernyak, V. D., 2012. Borrowed word in the perception of youth. Vestnik Novosibirskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Istoriya, filologiya [Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology], 11 (9), pp. 78—82 (in Russ.).Krysin, L. P., 2004. Russkoe slovo, svoe i chuzhoe [The Russian word, his and others]. Moscow (in Russ.).Krysin, L. P., 2008. Slovo v sovremennykh tekstakh i slovaryakh: Ocherki o russkoi leksike i leksikografii [Word in modern texts and dictionaries: Essays on Russian vocabulary and lexicography]. Moscow (in Russ.).Kubryakova, Ye. S., 2004. Yazyk i znanie. Na puti polucheniya znanii o yazyke: chasti rechi s kognitivnoi tochki zreniya. Rol' yazyka v poznanii mira [Language and knowledge. On the path of acquiring knowledge of language: parts of speech from a cognitive point of view. The role of language in the knowledge of the world]. Moscow (in Russ.).Labov, W., 1978. Denotational structure. In: D. Farkas, W. Jacobsen and K. Todrys, eds. Parasession on the Lexicon. Chicago, pp. 220—260.Langacker, R., 1991. Concept, image, and symbol: the cognitive basis of grammars. Berlin; Paris.Levitsky, A. E., 2009. Development horizons of neology of the XXI century. In: Gorizonty sovremennoi lingvistiki: Traditsii i novatorstvo [Horizons of modern linguistics: Traditions and innovation]. Moscow, pp. 350—364 (in Russ.).Maksimova, T. V., 2009. Borrowing in the context of linguistic cultures: Anglo-Russian parallels. Vestnik Pyatigorskogo gosudarstvennogo lingvisticheskogo universiteta [Pyatigorsk State Linguistic University Bulletin], 1, 100—111 (in Russ.).Marinova, Ye. V., 2014. Mastering new borrowings and related processes in the Russian language at the beginning of the XXI century. In: Russkii yazyk nachala XXI veka: leksika, slovoobrazovanie, grammatika, tekst [Russian language of the early 21st century: vocabulary, word formation, grammar, text]. Nizhny Novgorod, pp. 65—149 (in Russ.).Matras, Y., 2009. Language Contact. Cambridge, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO97 80511809873.Murphy, G. and Medin, D., 1985. The role of theories in conceptual coherence. Psychological Review, 92, pp. 289—316.Mustayoki, A. and Vepreva, I. T., 2015. Metalanguage portrait of fashionable people. In: Komp'yuternaya lingvistika i intellektual'nye tekhnologii : po materialam ezhegodnoi Mezhdunarodnoi konferentsii «Dialog» [Computer linguistics and intellectual technologies: based on the materials of the annual International Conference “Dialogue”]. Vol. 1 (14/21). Moscow, pp. 453—467 (in Russ.).Myers-Scotton, C., 2002. Contact linguistics: Bilingual encounters and grammatical outcomes. Oxford, https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198299530.001.0001.Nikitin, M. V., 2003. Osnovaniya kognitivnoi semantiki [Foundations of cognitive semantics]. St. Petersburg (in Russ.).Novikov, V. I., 2016. Slovar' modnykh slov [Fashion words dictionary]. Moscow (in Russ.).Repetti, L., 2006. The emergence of marked structures in the integration of loans in Italian. In: G. Randall and D. Arteaga, eds. Historical romance linguistics: Retrospective and perspectives. Amsterdam; Philadelphia, pp. 209—235, https://doi.org/10. 1075/cilt.274.13rep.Rogers, T. and McClelland, J., 2003. Semantic Cognition: A Parallel Distributed Processing Approach. Cambridge.Russell, J., 2003. Core affect and the psychological construction of emotion. Psychological review, 11 (1), pp. 145—172, https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.110.1.145.Sharandin, A. L., 2013. Dynamic nature of conceptualization and categorization as the basis of human speech activity. Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki [Issues of Cognitive Linguistics], 1 (34), pp. 75—81 (in Russ.).Stolz, C., 2009. A different kind of gender problem: Maltese loan-word gender from a typological perspective. In: B. Comrie, R. Fabri, E. Hume, M. Mifsud, T. Stolz, and M. Vanhove, eds. Introducing Maltese Linguistics. Amsterdam, pp. 321—353, https://doi.org/10.1075/slcs.113.22sto.Tavabilova, L. I., 2011. To the question about the influence of loanwords on the formation of children's speech. In: Sovremennaya filologiya v kontekste vzaimodeistviya yazykov i kul'tur : sbornik materialov mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii [Modern philology in the context of the interaction of languages and cultures. Collection of articles : materials of the international scientific and practical conference]. 9 February 2011. Sterlitamak, pp. 161—164 (in Russ.).Thomason, S. and Kaufman, T., 1988. Language contact, creolization, and genetic linguistics. Berkeley.Thomason, S., 2001. Language contact. Edinburgh.Vol’f, Ye. M., 2006. Funktsional'naya semantika otsenki [Functional semantics of evaluation]. Moscow (in Russ.).Volodarskaya, E. F., 2002. Lexical loans as a reflection of Russian and English contacts. Voprosy Jazykoznanija [Topics in the study of language], 4, pp. 96—118 (in Russ.).Weinreich, U., 1968. Languages in Contact: Findings and Problems. Paris; New York.Winford, D., 2003. An Introduction to Contact Linguistics. Oxford.Zabotkina, V. I., 1997. Changes in the conceptual picture of the world in the aspect of the cognitive-pragmatic approach. In: Kategorizatsiya mira: prostranstvo i vremya: materialy nauchnoi konferentsii [Categorization of the world: space and time. Proceedings of the scientific conference]. Moscow, pp. 55—59 (in Russ.).Цветообозначения в русских рассказах XX—XXI веков: корпусное исследованиеT.G.SkrebtsovaSt. Petersburg State Universityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7825-1120A.O.GrebennikovSt. Petersburg State UniversityITMO Universityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2856-5049N.M.MarusenkoSt. Petersburg State Universityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3347-1373The paper presents a comparative analysis of colour terms frequencies in the Russian short stories of the early 20th and 21st centuries. The study draws on the Russian Short Sto­ries Corpus 1900—1930, word frequency lists compiled from the stories by particular authors (Ivan Bunin, Alexander Kuprin, Anton Chekhov, Leonid Andreev), and the Russian National Corpus. Two major statistic parameters are used, i. e. relative frequency (ipm) and rank dis­tribution. The study focusses on the most common colour terms. A multifold comparison has revealed differences due to the author’s personality, historical context, and literary form. Thus, considerable divergence is shown to exist in the individual writers’ preferences for the particular colour terms. However, the differences come down to a unified rank distribution in a sample from the Russian Short Story Corpus 1900—1930, containing stories by a few hun­dred authors. While not affecting the intra-group rankings of colour terms, the turbulent his­torical events seem to have spurred their ipm index. A hypothesis is put forward to account for this, based on an earlier paper. The analysis of the 21st century material draws on a sample from the Russian National Corpus, containing short stories produced in 2000—2023. A com­parison between the two samples has shown that the most frequent adjectives have retained their intra-group rankings while the ipm index has largely dropped. Included in the paper is also a comparison between Ivan Bunin’s short stories and poetry, exemplifying the impact of literary form on the colour terms’ frequencies.05302026597310.5922/2225-5346-2025-1-4https://journals.kantiana.ru/slovo/15819/82933/Bakhilina, N. B., 1975. Istoriya tsvetooboznachenii v russkom yazyke [The history of color terms in the Russian language]. Moscow (in Russ.).Berlin, B. and Kay, P., 1969. Basic Color Terms: Their Universality and Evolution. Berkeley.Frumkina, R.M, 1984. Tsvet, smysl, skhodstvo. Aspekty psikholingvisticheskogo analiza [Color, Meaning, Similarity: the Aspects of Psycholinguistic Analaisis]. Moscow (in Russ.).Grebennikov, A. O. and Skrebtsova, T. G., 2019. Linguistic picture of the world in the Russian story of the early XX century. In: Sed'maya nauchno-prakticheskaya konferentsiya «Filosofiya i kul'tura informatsionnogo obshchestva» : tezisy dokladov [Proceedings of the 7th Scientific and Practical Conference “Philosophy and Humanities in the Information Society”]. Vol. 2. St. Petersburg, pp. 141—143 (in Russ.).Grebennikov, A. O., ed., 1999. Chastotnyi slovar' rasskazov A. P. Chekhova [Frequency dictionary of short stories by Anton Chekhov]. St. Petersburg (in Russ.).Grebennikov, A. O., ed., 2003. Chastotnyi slovar' rasskazov L. N. Andreeva [Frequency dictionary of short stories by Leonid Andreev]. St. Petersburg (in Russ.).Grebennikov, A. O., ed., 2006. Chastotnyi slovar' rasskazov A. I. Kuprina [Frequency dictionary of short stories by Alexander Kuprin]. St. Petersburg (in Russ.).Grebennikov, A. O., ed., 2011. Chastotnyi slovar' rasskazov I. A. Bunina [Frequency dictionary of short stories by Ivan Bunin]. St. Petersburg (in Russ.).Kharchenko, V.K, 2009. Slovar' tsveta: real'noe, potentsial'noe, avtorskoe [The Dictionary of Colour: Actual, Potential, Author's]. Moscow (in Russ.).Margolis, Ya., 2022. Ot Pushkina do poetov XXI veka. Sopostavitel'nyi analiz poeticheskogo yazyka v tsifrovuyu epokhu [From Pushkin to 21st Century Poets: A Comparative Analysis of Poetic Language in the Digital Era]. Moscow (in Russ.).Masevich, A.Ts. and Zakharov, V. P., 2019. Frequency Behavior of Color Adjectives in Russian Poetic Texts. Vestnik NGU. Seriya: Lingvistika i mezhkul'turnaya kommunikatsiya [NSU Vestnik. Series: Linguistics and Intercultural Communication], 17, pp. 21—48, https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7935-2019-17-1-21-48 (in Russ).Perekhvalskaya, E. V., 2016. Etnolingvistika : uchebnoe posobie [Ethnolinguistics: a Textbook]. Moscow (in Russ).Skrebtsova, T., 2021a. Thematic tagging of literary fiction: the case of early 20th century Russian short stories. In: Proceedings of the International Conference “Internet and Modern Society”. St. Petersburg, 17—20 June, 2020. Vol. 281, pp. 265—276.Skrebtsova, T. G., 2021b. New Sociopolitical Realities of the 1920s as Reflected in Russian Literature and Lexicography (on the Basis of Syllabic Acronyms). Politicheskaya lingvistika [Political Linguistics], 2, pp. 146—154, https://doi.org/10.12345/ 1999-2629_2021_02_14 (in Russ.).Skrebtsova, T. G., Grebennikov, A. O. and Sherstinova, T.Yu., 2021. The dynamics of vocabulary in Russian prose (based on frequency dictionaries of the Corpus of Russian short stories 1900—1930)]. In: Komp'yuternaya lingvistika i intellektual'nye tekhnologii : materialy ezhegodnoi nauchnoi konferentsii «Dialog» [Computational Linguistics and Intellectual Technologies. Papers from the Annual International Conference “Dialogue”]. Vol. 20, pp. 646—659 (in Russ.).Vasilevich, A. P., 2004. Problemy tsveta v etnolingvistike, istorii i psikhologii : kruglyi stol [Problems of Color in Ethnolinguistics, History and Psychology. Panel Discussion]. Moscow (in Russ.).Vasilevich, A. P., Kuznetsova, S. N. and Mishchenko, S. S., 2005. Tsvet i nazvaniya tsveta v russkom yazyke [Color and color terms in Russian]. Moscow (in Russ.).Сherneyko, L. and Li, Y., 2019. Connotations of Non-Derivative Color Adjectives in the Aspect of Cognitive Analysis of Their Compatibility with Abstract Nouns. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 9: Filologiya [Moscow University Bulletin. Series 9. Philology], 5, pp 114—161 (in Russ.).Гибридизация жанра в персуазивной коммуникацииV.E.ChernyavskayaPeter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic UniversityImmanuel Kant Baltic Federal Universityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6039-6305N.E.GorschkovaMoscow City Pedagogical Universityhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-1283-099ХThis paper discusses the notion of hybridity as related to text genres. The study pinpoints a particular kind of hybrid genres referring to texts that mix and combine in their structure the features of two or more different genres but maintain their primary genre identity. This kind of genre mixing results inter alia in an advertisement that is shaped as a chat in internet, private talk or recipe but sustains its genre status as an advertisement. The analysis is based on advertisement texts functioning as hybrid genres in modern Russian socio-cultural prac­tice. The theoretical framework of the study is in line with modern investigations in text lin­guistics, text typology, theory of speech genres, persuasion conceptions. The paper discusses the central issues and trends in the study of text genres and indicates related terms that have mainly been used in research on text hybridity and genre blending. It is shown that hybridi­zation of the genre becomes a communicative tool in the persuasion strategy of the communi­cative agent, which aims at influencing a person's or group's attitude or behaviour towards some idea and encouraging to perform post-communicative actions.05302026748910.5922/2225-5346-2025-1-5https://journals.kantiana.ru/slovo/15819/82939/Bakhtin, M. M., 1979. The problem of speech genres. In: M. M. Bakhtin, ed. Estetika slovesnogo tvorchestva [Aesthetics of Verbal Art]. Moscow, pp. 250—296 (in Russ.).Bazerman, C., 2012. Genre as Social Action. In: J. P. Gee and M. Handford, eds. The Routledge Handbook of Discourse Analysis. London; New York, pp. 226—238.Bhatia, V. K., 1997. Genre-mixing in academic introductions. English for Specific Purposes, 16 (3), pp. 181—195, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-4906(96)00039-7.Bhatia, V. K., 2004. Worlds of written discourse: A genre-based view. London.Brinker, K., 1992. Linguistische Textanalyse. Eine Einführung in Grundbegriffe und Methoden. Berlin.Catenaccio, P., 2007. New(s) genre and discursive identity. The changing face of the press release in the age of the Internet. In: G. Garzone, G. Poncini and P. Catenaccio, eds. Multimodality in corporate Communication. Web genres and discursive identity. Milano, pp. 55—72.Catenaccio, P., 2008. Press releases as a hybrid genre: Addressing the informative / promotional conundrum. Pragmatics, 18 (1), pp. 9—31, https://doi.org/10. 1075/prag.18.1.02cat.Chernyavskaya, V. E. and Nefedov, S. T., 2021. Towards social Indexicality: From “Kollektiv” to “Team”. And back via Coronavirus Pandemic? Alman Dili ve Edebiyatı Dergisi — Studien zur deutschen Sprache und Literatur, 46, pp. 1—21, http://doi.org/ 10.26650/sdsl2021-990815.Chernyavskaya, V. E., 2021. Image and Visuality in Sociocultural Dimension. ΠΡΑΞΗMΑ. Journal of Visual Semiotics, 2, pp. 96—109, http://doi.org/10.23951/2312- 7899-2021-2-96-109 (in Russ.).Chernyavskaya, V. E., 2023a. “They call the main entrance a porch”: social meaning in semantics and metapramatics, Slovo.ru: Baltic accent, 14 (1), pp. 72—85, https:// doi.org/ 10.5922/2225-5346-2023-1-5 (in Russ.).Chernyavskaya, V. E., 2023b. Typography as social index: soviet landscape in the modern Russian discourse. ΠΡΑΞΗMΑ. Journal of Visual Semiotics, 2 (36), pp. 50—73, http://doi.org/10.23951/2312-7899-2023-2-50-73 (in Russ.).Dementyev, V. V., 2020. What have genre studies given to modern linguistics? Zhanry rechi [Speech genres], 3 (27), pp. 172—194, https://doi.org/10.18500/2311- 0740-2020-3-27-172-194 (in Russ.).Duff, D., 2000. Modern Genre Theory. London; New York.Fairclough, N., 1993. Critical Discourse analysis and the marketization of public discourse: The universities. Discourse and Society, 4 (2), pp. 133—168, http://doi.org/ 10.1177/0957926593004002.Feshchenko, V. V., 2024. Treatise disguised as poem: the border-line genre and its linguistic features. Slovo.ru: Baltic accent, 15 (2), pp. 144—159, http://doi.org/10. 5922/2225-5346-2024-2-9 (in Russ.).Halmari, H. and Virtanen, T., eds., 2005. Persuasion across genres. A linguistic approach. Amsterdam; Philadelphia.Heinemann, W. and Viehweger, D., 2002. Textlinguistik. Eine Einführung. Tübingen.Hyland, K., 2002. Genre: Language, Context, and Literacy. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 2, pp. 11—135, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0267190502000065.Mäntynen, A. and Shore, S., 2014. What is meant by hybridity? An investigation of hybridity and related terms in genre studies. Text & Talk, 34 (6), pp. 737—758, https://doi.org/10.1515/text-2014-0022.Molodychenko, E. N., 2019. “Lifestyle Instruction” as an Internet Genre in Consumer Culture: A CommunicativePragmatic Perspective. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Filologiya [Tomsk State University Journal of Philology], 57, pp. 79—102, https://doi.org/10.17223/19986645/57/5 (in Russ.).Molodychenko, E. N., 2022. Integrating metapragmatics into genre analysis: Does the analytical toolkit need an upgrade in the digital era? Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo niversiteta. Filologiya [Tomsk State University Journal of Philology], 75, pp. 67—93, https://doi.org/10.17223/19986645/75/4 (in Russ.).Nefedov, S. T., 2022. Teoreticheskaya grammatika nemetskogo yazyka. Sintaksis. Tekst [Theoretical grammar of German. Syntax. Text]. St. Petersburg (in Russ.).Sarangi, S., 2000. Activity types, discourse types and interaction hybridity: The case of genetic counselling. In: S. Sarangi and M. Coulthard, eds. Discourse and social life. London, pp. 1—27, https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315838502-1.Tcherniavskaia, V. E., 2014. Discourse paradigm: phantom objects and syndromes. Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki [Issues of Cognitive Linguistics], 1, pp. 54—61 (in Russ.).Vinokur, T. G., 1993. Govoryashchii i slushayushchii: Varianty rechevogo povedeniya [Speaker and listener: Variants of speech behavior]. Moscow (in Russ.).Об особенностях аксиологической объективации отрицания смерти в комическом дискурсеA.I.BochkarevNovosibirsk State Technical Universityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3869-2797M.N.GordeevaNovosibirsk State Technical Universityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3765-4361The article considers death denial as the crucial constituent of the concept ‘denial of grief’. The research aims at studying peculiarities of actualization of death denial in humorous discourse. The data comprise recordings and scripts of 50 stand-up specials and 20 comedies. The relevance of the research is supported by increasing number of humorous works in recent years where death is actualized as well as by insufficient covering value characteristics and comic objectification of death. The article demonstrates that death denial is actualized through cunning, cowardice and faith. In humorous discourse cunning is expressed through intention to deceive death using such ethical anti-value solution as acquiring eternal life. Immortality is obtained with the help of magic potions and rituals or in some unexpected way. The study shows that unexpected immortality is oppressing the person and causes attempts to escape it. In humorous discourse faith as interpreting death as intermediate stage is usually assessed negatively. Thus, either the very possibility of life after death or people’s certainty of being in heaven can be ridiculed. In case of actualizing cowardice through escaping death, the only popular comic plot is making the dead look alive in order to use him like the alive one.053020269010210.5922/2225-5346-2025-1-6https://journals.kantiana.ru/slovo/15819/82941/Ariès, Ph., 1992. Chelovek pered litsom smerti [Man in Front of Death]. Moscow (in Russ.).Bakhtin, M. M., 1990. Tvorchestvo Fransua Rable i narodnaya kul'tura srednevekov'ya i Renessansa [Works of Fransua Rable and Medieval and Reneissanse Folk Culture]. Moscow (in Russ.).Bashkirov, V. G., 2014. Death of Man in the History of Religious Thought and Patristic Tradition. Trudy Minskoi dukhovnoi akademii [Proceedings of the Minsk Theological Academy], 11, pp. 26—67 (in Russ.).Becker, E., 2023. Otritsanie smerti [Death negation]. Moscow (in Russ.).Berdyaev, N. А., 1993. O naznachenii cheloveka [About human destination]. Moscow (in Russ.).Bochkarev, A. I., 2022. Cognitive Features of the Value Concept “Cunning” in Humorous Discourse of Modern Anglosaxon Linguistic Culture. Bulletin of Udmurt University. History and Philology Series, 32 (5), pp. 984—989, https://doi.org/10. 35634/2412-9534-2022-32-5-984-989 (in Russ.).Bochkarev, A. I. and Gordeeva, M. N., 2023. On actualizing the axiological concept “acceptance of grief” in humorous discourse. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Tomsk State University Journal], 494, pp. 5—12, https://doi.org/10. 17223/15617793/494/1 (in Russ.).Bochkarev, A. I., 2021. The Anti-Value Concept of Cowardice in Humorous Discourse of Anglo-Saxon Linguistic Culture. Vestnik Kemerovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 23 (4), pp. 1016—1023, https://doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2021-23-4-1016- 1023 (in Russ.).Collins Online Dictionary. Available at: https://www.collinsdictionary.com [Accessed 7 March 2024].Eremina, V. I., 1991. Ritual i fol'klor [Ritual and Folklore]. Leningrad (in Russ.).Freud, S., 1994. My i smert’ [We and death]. St. Petersburg (in Russ.).Gavrilova, T. A., 2018. Five Death Attitudes: Age-Sex Differences and Cross-Cultural Comparisons. Psikhologicheskii zhurnal [Psychological Journal], 39 (3), pp. 15—28, https://doi.org/10.7868/S0205959218030029 (in Russ.).Ilyin, V. V. and Kalinkin, V. T., 1985. Priroda nauki: Gnoseologicheskii analiz [The Nature of Science: Epistemological Analysis]. Moscow (in Russ.).Jung, C. G., 2021. O psikhologii bessoznatel'nogo [About psychology of unconscious]. Moscow (in Russ.).Khapaeva, D., 2020. Zanimatel'naya smert': razvlecheniya epokhi postgumanizma [Entertaining death: entertainment of posthumanism epoch]. Moscow (in Russ.).Kübler-Ross, E., 2001. O smerti i umiranii [About death and dying]. Мoscow; Kyiv (in Russ.).Lipovetsky, G., 2001. Era pustoty. Esse o sovremennom individualizme [The Era of Emptiness. Essay on Modern Individualism]. St. Petersburg (in Russ.).Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. Available at: https://www.ldoceon line.com/ [Accessed 7 March 2024].Materialisty Drevnei Gretsii. Sobranie tekstov Geraklita, Demokrita i Epikura [Materialists of Ancient Greece. Collection of texts by Heraclitus, Democritus and Epicurus], 1955. Moscow (in Russ.).Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary. Available at: https://www.oxfordlearners dictionaries.com [Accessed 7 March 2024].Plato, 1993. Phaedo. In: Sobranie sochinenii: v 4 tomakh [Collected works: in 4 volumes]. Vol. 2. Moscow, рр. 7—80 (in Russ.).Raskin, V., 1985. Semantic Mechanisms of Humor. Boston.Razumovskaya, О., 2019. Po. Lavkraft. King: Chetyre lektsii o literature uzhasov [Poe. Lovecraft. King: four lectures on horror literature]. Moscow (in Russ.).Ryumina, М. Т., 2010. Estetika smekha: Smekh kak virtual'naya real'nost' [Aesthetics of laughter: laughter as virtual reality]. Moscow (in Russ.).The Oxford American Dictionary of Current English, 1999. Oxford.The Oxford Dictionary of Current English, 1993. Oxford.The Oxford English Dictionary. Vol. 1. A—Baz., 1989. Oxford.Zilboorg, G., 1943. Fear of death. The Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 12 (4). pp. 465—475.Механизмы семиотического ослабления иероглифических знаков китайской письменностиS.G.ProskurinNovosibirsk State Technological Universityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7244-264XD.S.LebedevaNovosibirsk State Technological UniversitySiberian Institute of Management of RANEPAhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-0722-0096This article is the study of the Chinese characters through the semiotic weakening law. The hieroglyphic sign shapes the Chinese linguistic and cultural domain following the unique algorithm to code information. However, the linear principle of the Indo-European semiotics can hardly be applied to the Chinese semiotics with the hieroglyph sign at its heart. This makes the problem of the research obvious, that is to study cognitive processes that underlie the formation of the Chinese characters. The objective of the research is to identify the basic mechanisms of the hieroglyphic signs weakening. This research is based on the works of Charles S. Peirce, Charles W. Morris, Yuri S. Stepanov, Sergey G. Proskurin, Viktor P. Va­si­liev, Lev S. Vygotsky, Xue Jin, Li Feng, and others. The analysis of 214 characters has revea­led the basic mechanisms of weakening. The general scientific methods are as follows: gra­pheme analysis to study the structural components of the hieroglyphic sign, semantic and etymological analysis to trace the evolution of the form and meaning of a character. The re­search has revealed the following weakening mechanisms: simplification, complication, prese­rvation. These changes in form trigger semantic variations based on metaphoric and meto­nymic shifts. To study the mechanisms of sign formation is of significance because it enables us to solve the problems in intercultural communication. The investigation of the cognitive processes that underlie the formation of the hieroglyphic code allows us to get a deeper insight into how the native speakers of the Chinese language categorize reality.0530202610312410.5922/2225-5346-2025-1-7https://journals.kantiana.ru/slovo/15819/82943/Eco, U., 2006. Otsutstvuyushchaya struktura: vvedenie v semiologiyu [Missing Structure: An Introduction to Semiology]. Translated by V. Reznik and A. Pogonyailo. St. Petersburg (in Russ.).Feng, L., 2023. Research on the Formation of Chinese Characters. Journal of Neuro and Spine, 1 (1), pp. 1—15, https://doi.org/10.33140/JNS.Gotlib, O. M., 2020. Osnovy grammatologii kitaiskoi pis'mennosti [Fundamentals of the Grammatology of Chinese writing system]. Moscow (in Russ.).Jin, X., 2021. New Interpretation of Western Semiotics from the Perspective of Symbolic Concepts in Zhouyi. Language and Semiotic Studies, 7 (1), pp. 57—78, https://doi.org/10.1515/lass-2021-070103.Kleyman, B. M., 2015. The role of a word in semiotic weakening in biblical texts. Vestnik Chelyabinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Filologiya. Iskusstvovedeniye [Bulletin of Chelyabinsk State University. Philology. Arts], 95 (10), pp. 96—100 (in Russ.).Komkova, A. S., 2017. Fenomen semioticheskogo oslableniya v anglosaksonskoi lingvokul'ture VII—XI vv. [Semiotic weakening phenomenon in the Anglo-Saxon linguo-cultural tradition]. Novosibirsk (in Russ.).Krushevsky, N. V., 1883. Ocherki nauki o yazyke [Essay on the Science of Language]. Kazan (in Russ.).Lakoff, G. and Johnson, M., 2004. Metafory, kotorymi my zhivem [Metaphors We Live By]. Translated by A. N. Baranov and A. V. Morozova. Moscow (in Russ.).Lewis, D., 1983. General semantics. In: Yu. S., Stepanov, ed. Semiotika [Semiotics]. Translated by V. Z. Demyankov. Moscow, pp. 253—285 (in Russ).Liu, Y., 2001. 说文解字 [Shuowen jiezi]. In: 柴剑虹、李肇翔， ed. 字典的先河 ——《说文解字》 [The first dictionary — “Shuowen Jiezi”]. Bejing, pp. 887—900 (in Chinese).Moret, A., 2009. Egipetskie misterii [Mystères égyptiens]. Translated by S. V. Arkhipova. Moscow (in Russ.).Morris, Ch., 1946. Signs, Language and Behavior. New York.Perelomov, L. S., 2001. Konfutsii: «Lun' Yui» [Confucious: “Lun Yu”]. Moscow (in Russ.).Petrov, A. A., 1936. Van Bi (226—249). Iz istorii kitaiskoi filosofii [Wang Bi (226—249). From the history of Chinese philosophy]. Moscow; Leningrad (in Russ.).Proskurin, S. G., 2023. Semiotika. Yazyk, kul'tura, pravo : uchebnoe posobie [Semiotics. Language, culture, law: textbook]. St. Petersburg (in Russ.).Proskurin, S. G., ed., 2015. Kul'turnye transfery: problemy kodov [Cultural transfers: the problem of codes]. Novosibirsk (in Russ.).Runova, N. V., 2007. Kognitivnye osnovy obrazovaniya novykh metonimicheskikh znachenii sushchestvitel'nykh (na materiale angliiskogo yazyka) [Cognitive foundations of the formation of new metonymic meanings of nouns (based on the material of the English language)]. PhD thesis. Moscow (in Russ.).Saussure, F. de, 1977. Course in General Linguistics. In: A. A. Kholodovich, ed. Trudy po yazykoznaniyu [Scientific works on linguistics]. Translated by A. M. Sukhotin. Moscow, pp. 31—274 (in Russ.).Stepanov, Yu. S. and Proskurin, S. G., 1993. Konstanty mirovoi kul'tury. Alfavity i alfavitnye teksty v periody dvoeveriya [Constants of world culture. Alphabets and alphabetic texts in the periods of the Dual Faith]. Moscow (in Russ.).Stepanov, Yu. S., 2004. Konstanty: slovar' russkoi kul'tury [Constants: dictionary of Russian Culture]. Moscow (in Russ.).Vasil'ev, V. P., 1898. Analiz kitaiskikh ieroglifov. Ch. 1. [The analysis of Chinese characters. Part I]. St. Petersburg (in Russ.).Vygotsky, L. S., 2023. Istoriya razvitiya vysshikh psikhicheskikh funktsii [The history of development of higher psychological processes]. Moscow (In Russ.)Wang, M., Cai, Y., Gao, L., et al., 2022. Study on the evolution of Chinese characters based on few-shot learning: From oracle bone inscriptions to regular script. PLoS ONE, 17 (8), pp. 1—17, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0272974.Zhang, L., 2024. On the Chinese resistance to lexical borrowing: a writing-driven self-purification system. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 11 (33), pp. 1—9, https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-02556-3.«Когда бы жизнь домашним кругом» в условных рассуждениях фрегевских безумцев и логических штрафниковE.N.LisanyukInstitute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of SciencesNational Research University Higher School of Economicshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0135-4583We advocate an idea that a necessary condition for a dispute about truth amounts not to the carriers of non-ideal logical thought, but to a variety of approaches to reconstructing the logical form of conditional reasoning, which implies diversification of methods for solving logical tasks. The relevance of the study is conveyed by discussions about logical aliens - fan­tastic mad-humans, in which Frege embodied his idea of the impossibility of denying the nec­essary nature of logical laws in the acquisition of truth, in the context of the remarkable diver­sity of formal logical tools for modeling argumentation and reasoning. Based on modern stud­ies of conditional reasoning, using the example of Onegin’s conditional reasoning from a let­ter to Tatyana, we show that there are different ways of reconstructing it, including compet­ing ones. In the spirit of Frege, we construct the concept of logical penalists - non-ideal think­ers of our “home circle”, who, due to their limited intellectual resources, are sometimes con­tent with not the best results in reasoning and who turn out to be the only candidates to par­ticipate in a dispute about truth, as such disputes are possible with neither ideal thinkers nor logical aliens. The concept of logical penalists allows us to illustrate the idea that disputes are possible due not to the differences in opinions among humans, but to the variety of ways to justify them.0530202612513910.5922/2225-5346-2025-1-8https://journals.kantiana.ru/slovo/15819/82946/Bentem, J. van., 2011. Logic and reasoning: how much do facts matter? Voprosy Filosofii [Problems of Philosophy], 12, pp. 67—84 (in Russ.).Boghossian, P. and Williamson, T., 2003. Blind Reasoning. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 77 (1), pp. 225—248.Byrne, R. M., 1989. Suppressing valid inferences with conditionals. Cognition, 31 (1), pp. 61—83.Conant, J., 1991. In Search of Logically Alien Thought: Descartes, Kant, Frege and the Tractatus. Philosophical Topics, 20 (1), pp. 115—180.Dragalina-Chernaya, E. G., 2015. Neformal'nye zametki o logicheskoi forme [Informal notes on the logical form]. St Petersburg (in Russ.).Evans, J.St. B. T., Over, D. E. and Handley, S. J., 2005. Suppositions, extensionality, and conditionals: A critique of the mental model theory of Johnson-Laird and Byrne (2002). Psychological Review, 112 (4), pp. 1040—1052, https://doi.org/10.1037/0033- 295X.112.4.1040.Floridi, L., 2017. The Logic of Design as a Conceptual Logic of Information. Minds and Machines, 27, pp. 495—519, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-017-9438-1.Fogelin, R., 2021. The Logic of Deep Disagreements. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Filosofiya. Sotsiologiya. Politologiya [Tomsk State University Journal of Philosophy, Sociology and Political Science], 64, pp. 275—285, https://doi. org/10.17223/1998863Х/64/27 (in Russ.).Frege, G., 1964. Basic Laws of Arithmetic. Berkeley; Los Angeles.Frege, G., 2000a. Writing in concepts. In: G. Frege, ed. Logika i logicheskaya semantika [Logic and logical semantics]. Moscow, pp. 65—212 (in Russ.).Frege, G., 2000b. About the meaning and significance. In: G. Frege, ed. Logika i logicheskaya semantika [Logic and logical semantics]. Moscow, pp. 230—248 (in Russ.).Frege, G., 2000c. Thought. Logical research. In: G. Frege, ed. Logika i logicheskaya semantika [Logic and logical semantics]. Moscow, pp. 326—343 (in Russ.).Gärdenfors, P., 1986. Belief Revisions and the Ramsey Test for Conditionals. The Philosophical Review, 95 (1), pp. 81—93.Geach, P. T., 1965. Assertion. The Philosophical Review, 7 (4), pp. 445—452.Geis, M. L. and Zwicky, A. M., 1971. On invited inferences. Linguistic lnquiry, 2 (4), pp. 561—566.Geurts, B., 2010. Quantity implicatures. Cambridge.Gigerenzer, G. and Gaissmaier, W., 2011. Heuristic decision making. Annual Review of Psychology, 62, pp. 451—482.Grice, H. P., 1985. Logic and speech communication. In: Novoe v zarubezhnoi lingvistike [New in foreign linguistics]. Vol. 16. Moscow, pp. 217—237 (in Russ.).Johnson-Laird, P. N. and Byrne, R. M. J., 2002. Conditionals: A theory of meaning, pragmatics, and inference. Psychological Review, 109 (4), pp. 646—678, https://doi. org/10.1037/0033-295x.109.4.646.Kaneman, D. and Tversky, A., 2020. Judgments in conditions of uncertainty: heuristic methods and errors. In: D. Kaneman, ed. Dumai medlenno… reshai bistro [Think slowly... decide quickly]. Moscow, pp. 548—571 (in Russ.).Lakoff, G. and Johnson, M., 1999. Philosophy in the Flesh: The Embodied Mind and its Challenge to Western Thought. New York.Luria, A. R., 1982. Etapy proidennogo puti: Nauchnaya avtobiografiya [The stages of the Journey: A Scientific Autobiography]. Moscow (in Russ.).Priest, G., 2022. Za predelami mysli [Beyond thought]. Moscow (in Russ.).Pushkin, A. S., 1962. Eugene Onegin. In: Sobranie sochinenii: v 10 t. [Collected works: in 10 volumes]. Vol. 4. Moscow, pp. 5—199 (in Russ.).Ramsey, F. P., 2003. General propositions and causality. In: F. P. Ramsey, ed. Filosofskie raboty [Philosophical works]. Tomsk, pp. 183—204 (in Russ.).Saimon, G. A., 1993. Rationality as a process and product of thinking. In: THESIS, 3. Moscow, pp. 16—38 (in Russ.).Shalack, V. I., 2022. On the origins of logical pluralism. Filosofskii zhurnal [Philosophy Journal], 15, 4, pp. 88—97, https://doi.org/10.21146/2072-0726-2022-15-4-88-97 (in Russ.).Stalnaker, R., 1970. Probability and conditionals. Philosophy of Science, 37 (1), pp. 64-80.Stilgenbauer, J.-L. and Baratgin, J., 2019. Assessing the accuracy of diagnostic probability estimation: Evidence for defeasible modus ponens. International Journal of Approximate Reasoning, 105 (8), pp. 229—240, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijar.2018. 11.015.Styazhkin, N. I., 1967. Formirovanie matematicheskoi logiki [Formation of mathematical logic]. Moscow (in Russ.).Wason, P. C., 1968. Reasoning about a rule. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 20 (3), pp. 273—281.Wittgenstein, L., 1994. Philosophical research. In: L. Wittgenstein, ed. Filosofskie raboty [Philosophical works]. Part 1. Moscow (in Russ.).Wittgenstein, L., 2005. A logical and philosophical treatise. In: L. Wittgenstein, ed. Izbrannye raboty [Selected works]. Translated by V. Rudnev. Moscow, pp. 14—228 (in Russ.).Zevakhina, N., 2022. Veridicality and the cause-effect relation in Russian esli- and raz-conditionals: experimenting with conditional perfection and logical entailment. Linguistics Vanguard, 8 (s4), pp. 401—412, https://doi.org/10.1515/lingvan-2021-0037.Zolyan, S. T., 2023. Pragmatics as a Self-Generation of a Subject-on-Its Own. Voprosy Filosofii [Problems of Philosophy], 7, pp. 93—103, https://doi.org/10.21146/ 0042-8744-2023-7-93-103 (in Russ.).К вопросу о силлабической системе стихосложения: поэтическая практика Феофана ПрокоповичаN.V.PatroevaPetrozavodsk State Universityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3836-6393The study is devoted to the analysis of the accentual architectonics of the isosyllabic works of Theophan Prokopovich. The primary objective of this analysis was to examine the hypothesis regarding the gradual emergence of the syllabo-tonic system within the framework of syllabic verse. This hypothesis challenges the views of numerous scholars of versification, who argue for a revolutionary shift in Russian poetic tradition, attributed to the publication of Vasily Trediakovsky's 1735 treatise. Additionally, the study aims to compare the theoretical recommendations outlined in Prokopovich's poetics and rhetoric with his own experiments in versification. The most common form in Theophan's poetry, as well as in the works of the Virsheviks—his predecessors and contemporaries—is the thirteen-syllable verse. This form is genre- and theme-diverse, appearing in odes, epigrams, inscriptions, occasional poems, and humorous poem cycles. However, it is less metrically ordered compared to other types of syllabic verse and exhibits the greatest diversity in accent placement. It actively demonstrates the "inverted rhythm" described by A. P. Kvyatkovsky and shows the least tendency toward a "fixed" rhythm. Eleven-syllable verses, found in epitaphs, psalm adaptations, messages, epigrams, and occasional poems, are somewhat less common in Theophan's lyrics. Octosyllabic and heptosyllabic verses are rare, while a single example of a decasyllabic verse is present in his body of work. The "incorrect" lines in isosyllabic verses turn out to be marginal, which, along with the increase in the number of repeating accent patterns in Theophan's poems, speaks of the high development of the verse technique in the post-Petrine era.The norms of the future syllabo-tonic system gradually, slowly, but steadily developed in the depths of verse poetry. Thus, Theophan’s 11-, 10- and 8-syllable verses, as well as non-isosyllabic cants and arrangements of psalms, demonstrate a high (reaching the level of ideal trochaic, iambic, anapestic and dactylic lines) degree of rhythmic orderliness, supported by anaphoric repetitions, internal rhymes, rare inter-verse hyphenations, which together bring the rhythm and intonation of Theophan's elegies, cants and songs closer to the melodious syllabo-tonic verse, while the thirteen-syllable verses and some humorous heterosyllabic verses are saturated with conversational and declamatory intonations. The results of the analysis confirm the reformist role of Theophan Prokopovich in the field of ordering syllabic versifica­tion, which evolved in the direction of metrotonicity.0530202614016610.5922/2225-5346-2025-1-9https://journals.kantiana.ru/slovo/15819/82947/Adams, St., 1997. Poetic Designs: An Introduction to Meters, Verse Forms, and Figures of Speech. Peterborough, 260 p.Akimova, M. V., 2012. “For some it is not the law”: mobility of metrical stress in Italian and Russian syllabic tonic. Philologica, 9 (21/23), pp. 55—72 (in Russ.).Aroui, J.-L., 2009. Proposals for metrical typology. In: J.-L. Aroui and A. Andy, eds. Towards a Typology of Poetic Forms. From Language to Metrics and. Amsterdam, pp. 1—40, https://doi.org/10.1075/lfab.2.01aro.Avtukhovich, T. E., 1986. On the Authorship of “Metaphrasis ps. 36” and “Metaphrasis ps. 72”. In: XVIII vek Sb. 15. Russkaya literatura XVIII veka v ee svyazyakh s iskusstvom i naukoi [18th century. Collection 15. Russian Literature of the 18th Century in Its Connections with Art and Science]. Leningrad, pp. 154—160 (in Russ.).Bailey, J., 2004. Izbrannye stat'i po russkomu literaturnomu stikhu [Selected articles on Russian literary verse]. Moscow (in Russ.).Buranok, O. M., 2005. Lirika Feofana Prokopovicha i istoriko-literaturnyi protsess v Rossii pervoi treti XVIII veka [The Lyrics of Theophan Prokopovich and the Historical and Literary Process in Russia in the First Third of the 18th Century]. Samara (in Russ.).Burgi, R. A., 1954. History of the Russian Hexameter. Hamden.Eremin, I. P., 1960. On the issue of the poems of Theophan Prokopovich. In: Trudy Otdela drevnerusskoi literatury [Proceedings of the Department of Old Russian Literature]. Vol. 16. Moscow; Leningrad, pp. 506—510 (in Russ.).Es'kova, N. A., 2008. Normy russkogo literaturnogo yazyka XVIII—XIX vekov: Udarenie. Grammaticheskie formy. Varianty slov. Slovar'. Poyasnitel'naya stat'ya [Norms of the Russian literary language of the 18th—19th centuries: Emphasis. Grammatical forms. Word options. Dictionary. Explanatory article]. Moscow (in Russ.).Fabb, N. and Halle, M., 2008. Meter in poetry. A new theory. New York.Fedotov, O. I., 2002. Osnovy russkogo stikhoslozheniya. Teoriya i istoriya russkogo stikha: v 2 knigakh [Fundamentals of Russian versification. Theory and history of Russian verse: in 2 books]. Book 1. Moscow (in Russ.).Gasparov, M. L. and Skulacheva, T. V., 2004. Stat'i po lingvistike stikha [Articles on the linguistics of verse]. Moscow (in Russ.).Gasparov, M. L., 1974. Sovremennyi russkii stikh [Modern Russian verse]. Moscow (in Russ.).Gasparov, M. L., 1995. Russian syllabic thirteen syllable. In: M. L. Gasparov, ed. Izbrannye stat'i [Selected articles]. Moscow, pp. 9—30 (in Russ.).Kantemir, A., 1956. Sobranie stikhotvorenii [Collected poems]. Leningrad (in Russ.).Korchagin, K. M., 2017. Caesura in The Russian Theory of Verse from Meletius Smotrytsky to Andrey Bely. Trudy Instituta russkogo yazyka im. V. V. Vinogradova. [Proceedings of the V. V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute], 1 (11), pp. 146—157 (in Russ.).Korchagin, K. M., 2021. Russkii stikh: tsezura [Russian verse: caesura]. St. Petersburg (in Russ.).Korchagin, K. M., 2022. Caesura in Russian verse: an attempt at a formal description. Trudy Instituta russkogo yazyka im. V. V. Vinogradova. [Proceedings of the V. V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute], 4, pp. 86—97, https://doi.org/10.31912/ pvr li-2022.4.5 (in Russ.).Kormilov, S. I., 1995. Marginal'nye sistemy russkogo stikhoslozheniya [Marginal systems of Russian versification]. Moscow (in Russ.).Korsh, F. E., 1907. Vvedenie v nauku o slavyanskom stikhoslozhenii [Introduction to the science of Slavic versification]. St. Petersburg (in Russ.).Kuz'minova, E. A., ed., 2000. Grammatiki Lavrentiya Zizaniya i Meletiya Smotritskogo [Grammarians of Laurentius Zizanius and Meletius Smotritsky]. Moscow (in Russ.).Kwiatkowski, A. P., 2008a. Prosody of Russian Verse Writers. In: A. P. Kwiatkowski, ed. Ritmologiya [Rhythmology]. St. Petersburg, pp. 301—336 (in Russ.).Kwiatkowski, A. P., 2008b. What is Syllabic Verse. In: A. P. Kwiatkowski, ed. Ritmologiya [Rhythmology]. St. Petersburg, pp. 391—408 (in Russ.).Kwiatkowski, A. P., 2008c. Metrics of Russian folk verse. In: A. P. Kwiatkowski, ed. Ritmologiya [Rhythmology]. St. Petersburg, pp. 423—456 (in Russ.).Kwiatkowski, A. P., 2008d. The Main Types of Russian Verse. In: A. P. Kwiatkowski, ed. Ritmologiya [Rhythmology]. St. Petersburg, pp. 457—494 (in Russ.).Lomonosov, M. V., 1952. Polnoe sobranie sochinenii: v 11 tomakh. Tom 7: Trudy po filologii 1739—1758 [Complete collection works: in 11 volumes. Vol. 7: Works on philology 1739—1758]. Moscow; Leningrad (in Russ.).Lotman, M.Yu., 2000. Struktura i tipologiya russkogo stikha [Structure and typology of Russian verse]. Tartu, pp. 204—253 (in Russ.).Maslyuk, V. P., 1983. Latinomovnі poetiki і ritoriki XVII — pershoї polovini XVIII st. ta їkh rol' u rozvitku teorії lіteraturi na Ukraїnі [Latin poetics and rhetoric of the 17th — first half of the 18th century. and their role in the development of literary theory in Ukraine]. Kyiv (in Ukr.).Metryka słowiańska, 1971. Wrocław, pp. 39—64.Nadezhdin, N., 1837. Versification. In: Entsiklopedicheskii leksikon [Encyclopedic Lexicon]. Vol. 9. St. Petersburg, pp. 501—518 (in Russ.).Nichik, V. M. and Rogovich, M. D., 1976. Theophan Prokopovich in manuscript collections of the 18th century. Russkaya literatura [Russian literature], 2, pp. 91—94 (in Russ.).Nikolaev, S. I., ed., 2020. Theophan Prokopovich. Ob iskusstve ritoricheskom desyat' knig [Theophan Prokopovich. Ten books on the art of rhetoric]. Translated by G. A. Stratanovsky. Moscow; St. Petersburg (in Russ.).Orlitsky, Yu. B., 2023. Nomenclature of types of Russian verse as a scientific and practical problem. In: M. L. Kovshova, ed. Yazyk — tekst — smysl. Pamyati Maksima Il'icha Shapira: sbornik statei [Language — text — meaning. In memory of Maxim Ilyich Shapira: collection of articles]. Moscow, pp. 39—54 (in Russ.).Polivanov, E., 1963. General phonetic principle of any poetic technique. Voprosy Jazykoznanija [Topics in the study of language], 1, pp. 96—112 (in Russ.).Prokopovich, F., 1961. Sochineniya [Works]. Moscow; Leningrad (in Russ.).Rudnev, P. A., 1989. Vvedenie v nauku o russkom stikhe [Introduction to the Science of Russian Verse]. Issue 1. Tartu (in Russ.).Russkoe stikhoslozhenie XIX v.: Materialy po metrike i strofike russkikh poetov [Russian Versification of the 19th Century: Materials on the Metrics and Stanzas of Russian Poets], 1979. Moscow (in Russ.).Shapir, M. I., 2015. Universum versus: Yazyk — stikh — smysl v russkoi poezii XVIII—XX vekov [Universum versus: Language — verse — meaning in Russian poetry of the 18th—20th centuries]. Book 2. Moscow (in Russ.).Shengeli, G., 1923. Traktat o russkom stikhe [Treatise on Russian Verse]. Vol. 1. Moscow; Petrograd (in Russ.).Taranovsky, K. F. and Prokhorov, A. V., 2010. On the characteristics of Russian iambic tetrameter of the 18th century: Lomonosov, Trediakovsky, Sumarokov. In: N. N. Kazansky, ed. Slovar' yazyka M. V. Lomonosova. Materialy k slovaryu [M. V. Lomonosov's Dictionary of the Language. Materials for the dictionary]. Vol. 1. St. Petersburg, pp. 78—122 (in Russ.).Taranovsky, K. F., 2000. The Main Tasks of Statistical Study of Slavic Verse. In: K. Taranovsky. O poezii i poetike [On Poetry and Poetics.]. Moscow, pp. 234—256 (in Russ.).Taranovsky, K. F., 2010. Lomonosov's Iambic Six-Foot. In: N. N. Kazansky, ed. Slovar' yazyka M. V. Lomonosova. Materialy k slovaryu [M. V. Lomonosov's Dictionary of the Language. Materials for the dictionary]. Vol. 1. St. Petersburg, pp. 145—166 (in Russ.).Tomashevsky, B. V., 1959. Stikh i yazyk [Verse and Language]. Moscow; Leningrad (in Russ.).Trediakovsky, V. K., 1963. A new and short method for composing Russian poems with definitions of previously appropriate titles. In: V. K. Trediakovskiy, ed. Izbrannye proizvedeniya [Selected works]. Moscow; Leningrad, pp. 365—420 (in Russ.).Yarkho, B. I., 1969. Methodology of precise literary studies. In: Trudy po znakovym sistemam [Works on sign systems]. Vol. 4. Tartu, pp. 504—526 (in Russ.).Zapadov, V. A., 1974. Russkii stikh XVIII — nachala XIX veka (ritmika) [Russian verse of the 18th and early 19th centuries (rhythm)]. Leningrad (in Russ.).«Бавария, которой век не забуду»: к образу немецкого пространства в «Путевых письмах из Англии, Германии и Франции» Н.И. ГречаS.S.ZhdanovSiberian State University of Geosystems and TechnologiesNovosibirsk State Technical Universityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8898-6497The paper deals with images of Bavarian space based on the travelogue “Travel letters from England, Germany and France” by Nikolay Gretch from the imagological and semiotic points of view. The representation of the metropolitan and provincial imagery of Bavaria is analyzed. Its liminality, fixed in Gretch’s text, is revealed, i. e. intermediate position between North and South. A connection is established between the analyzed loci and such spatial types as the spaces of demi-natural idyll, historical memory, art (and science), as well as German philistinism. The central place in Gretch’s representation of Bavaria is occupied by the city images of Regensburg and Munich, the latter in particular. The description of the Bavarian capital encompasses all the spatial types mentioned, making it the most intricate and multifaceted. The images of Regensburg and the adjacent hall of German fame Valhalla are associated with spaces of demi-natural idyll, historical memory and art. Other loci mentioned in the text are simpler in structure. In addition, Gretch’s representation of the Bavarian space reveals its connection with four modes of describing Germany in Russian literature of the 19th century: sentimentalist, romanticist, neutral-factual and travesty world-images.0530202616718810.5922/2225-5346-2025-1-10https://journals.kantiana.ru/slovo/15820/82950/Aksenova, M. V., 2020. “Travel Letters from England, Germany and France” by N. I. Grech in the Context of Russian Travel Literature of the XIX Century. Palimpsest. Literaturovedcheskii zhurnal [PALIMPSEST. A Literary Studies Journal], 3, pp. 7—21 (in Russ.).Aksenova, M. V., Charchoglyan, G. G. and Sadieva, A. N., 2019. Special Features of Chronotope in a Travelogue (by the Example of “Travel Letters from England, Germany and France” by N. I. Grech). Juvenis scientia, 2, pp. 15—17, https://doi.org/ 10.32415/jscientia.2019.02.04 (in Russ.).Asadowski, K. and Lavrov, A., 2006. “Das Land der Genies” — Deutschland, gesehen von Andrej Belyj. In: Deutsche und Deutschland aus russischer Sicht. Bd. 4. München, s. 753—791.Gretsch, N. I., 1839. Putevye pis'ma iz Anglii, Germanii i Frantsii: v 3 chastyakh [Travel letters from England, Germany and France: in 3 parts]. Part 3. St. Petersburg (in Russ.).Ilchenko, N. M. and Aksenova, M. V., 2016. The image of Germany in the travel letters by N. I. Grech. In: Yazyk, kul'tura, mental'nost': Germaniya i Frantsiya v evropeiskom yazykovom prostranstve : materialy mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii [Language, culture, mentality: Germany and France in the European language space: proceedings of the international applied research conference]. Nizhniy Novgorod, pp. 112—116 (in Russ.).Korsakov, N. A., 1844. Rasskaz o puteshestvii po Germanii, Gollandii, Anglii i Frantsii N. A. Korsakova v 1839 godu [Story of N. A. Korsakov's travelling through Germany, Holland, England and France in 1839]. Moscow (in Russ.).Loshchilov, I. E., 2017. Andrey Bely in imaginative thinking of the young Zabolotskiy. In: Arabeska Andreya Belogo: Zhiznennyi put'. Dukhovnye iskaniya. Poetika [Andrey Bely’s arabesque: Life path. Spiritual quest. Poetics]. Belgrade, pp. 460—468 (in Russ.).Maslennikova, O. N., 2016. Germany in Andrey Bely’s letters — Andrey Bely in letters from Germany. In: Rossiya i Zapadnaya Evropa: vzaimovidenie (literatura, filosofiya, kul'turologiya): sb. nauchnykh statei [Russia and Western Europe: mutual viewing (literature, philosophy, cultural studies): collection of scientific papers]. Ivanovo, pp. 202—217 (in Russ.).Ospovat, A. L., Pigarev, K. V. and Lerner, N. O., 1989. Tyutchev in Munich: (from the correspondence of I. S. Gagarin with L. N. Bakhmeteva and I. S. Aksakov). Literaturnoe nasledstvo [Literary heritage], 97 (2), pp. 38—62 (in Russ.).Pogodin, M. P., 1844. God v chuzhikh krayakh. Dorozhnyi dnevnik (1839): v 4 chastyakh [A year in foreign lands (1839). Travel notes: in 4 pts.]. Book 4. Moscow (in Russ.).Porshneva, A. S., 2020. Lion Feuchtwanger’s Bavaria: Provincial Identity in “Success”. Imagologiya i komparativistika [Imagology and Comparative Studies], 13, pp. 141—172, https://doi.org/10.17223/24099554/13/9 (in Russ.).Titarenko, S. D., 2017. opos as Symbolic Memory Space in Autobiographical Prose of M. A.Voloshin and Mythopoetic Tradition of Plato. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Yazyk i literatura [Vestnik SPbSU. Language and Literature], 14 (2), pp. 186—198, https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu09.2017.204 (in Russ.).Vyazemsky, P. A., 1887. Polnoe sobranie sochinenii: v 12 tomakh [Complete works: in 12 volumes]. Vol. 12. St. Petersburg (in Russ.).Yanushkevich, A. S., 2004. V. A. Zhukovsky in Bavaria. Vestnik TGPU. Seriya: Gumanitarnye nauki (filologiya) [Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. Series of issue: Humanities (Philology)], 3 (40), pp. 44—49 (in Russ.).Zhdanov, S. S., 2018. Space of Germany in the Russian travelogues in the second third of the 19th century (based on texts by M. P. Pogodin and N. A. Korsakov). In: Dialog kul'tur: poetika lokal'nogo teksta : materialy VI Mezhdunarodnoi nauchnoi konferentsii, 26—29 maya 2018 g. [Dialogue of Cultures: the poetics of local text: proceedings of the VI International Scientific Conference, May 26—29, 2018]. Gorno-Altaysk, pp. 8—22 (in Russ.).Zhdanov, S. S., 2023. “The Blessed Germany” Between Emotio et Ratio: New Aspects of German Space Imagery in “Travel Letters from England, Germany and France” by N. I. Gretch. Dva veka russkoi klassiki [Two centuries of Russian classics], 5 (3), pp. 24—59, https://doi.org/10.22455/2686-7494-2023-5-3-24-59 (in Russ.).Zhdanov, S. S., 2023. Idyll, history, rationality: city images in “Real journey to Germany in 1835” by Nikolay Gretsch. Slovo.ru: Baltic accent, 14 (1), рp. 8—28, https://doi.org/10.5922/2225-5346-2023-1-1 (in Russ.).Пауль Генри Гербер — кёнигсбергский врач, профессор, поэтI.О.DementevImmanuel Kant Baltic Federal Universityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5530-1108The article explores the biography of Professor Paul Henry Gerber (1863-1919), a bright representative of the intellectual elite of Königsberg at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries. A native of the capital of the German province East Prussia, he was an outstanding otorhino­lar­yngologist, a lecturer at the University of Königsberg, as well as an original poet and pub­li­cist. The study, based on biographical and narrative methods, reveals the main stages of Ger­ber’s life, and clarifies the dating of its most important events. The author comments the Ger­ber’s most significant works, including scholarly publications on Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Johann Wolfgang Goethe (the article briefly covers subsequent scholarly controversy sur­rounding the article on Mozart’s ear). Some of Gerber’s scholarly and popular texts are quot­ed, reflecting both his varied interests and the specificity of his literary style. Based on the materials of address books of Königsberg the article reconstructs the addresses of Gerber’s residence and work as well as the current state of the places connected with the biography of the outstanding citizen of Königsberg (the house where Gerber lived in the last years of his life has been preserved and included in the register of cultural heritage objects in contemporary Kaliningrad, but the memory of the famous tenant is not commemorated there). The author describes the research perspectives related to further study of the integration of medical and literary discourses.0530202618920010.5922/2225-5346-2025-1-11https://journals.kantiana.ru/slovo/15820/82951/Adreßbuch der Haupt- und Residenzstadt Königsberg in Preußen und der Vororte. 1864—1920. Königsberg.Delaunay, B. N., 1936. Hermann Minkowski. Uspekhi matematicheskikh nauk [Advances in the mathematical sciences], 2, pp. 32—38 (in Russ.).Feigl, H., 1917. Jahresrundschau empfehlenswerter Bücher. Jahrbuch Deutscher Bibliophilen für 1917 = Deutscher Bibliophilen-Kalender. Wien. S. 115—162.Garibert, H., 1895. Aus der Jugendzeit. Lieder und Gedichte. Berlin.Geheimrat Gerber † 1919. Königsberger Hartungsche Zeitung. 13 Okt, 480. S. 5.Gerber, P., 1920. Die Revolution und unsere Klassiker. Ein blaues Trutz- und Trostbüchlein in roter Zeit. Berlin.Gerber, P. H., 1895. Sifilis nosa i gorla [Syphilis of the nose and throat]. Translated by S. B. Orechkin. St. Petersburg (in Russ.).Gerber, P. H., 1898. Mozart’s Ohr. Deutsche Medicinische Wochenschrift, 2. Juni, 22. S. 351—352.Gerber, P. H., 1898. Svyaz' mezhdu nosom i ego pridatkami i ostal'nym organizmom [The relationship between the nose and its appendages and the rest of the body]. Translated by D. Dubelir. Мoscow (in Russ.).Gerber, P. H., 1899. Goethe als Mediziner. Wiener Medicinische Wochenschrift, 143. Sp. 2001—2005; 144. Sp. 2061—2065.Gerber, P. H., 1900. Goethes Beziehungen zur Medizin. Berlin.Gerber, P. H., 1913. Chelovecheskii golos i ego gigiena: Sem' lektsii professora Gerbera [The human voice and its hygiene: Seven lectures by Professor Herbert]. Translated by A. I. Daragan. Moscow (in Russ.).Gerber, P. H., 1916. Alte Stimmen in die neue Zeit. Eine literarische Kriegsunterhaltung. Berlin.Gerber, P. H., 1923. Golos i ego gigiena [The voice and its hygiene]. Translated by A. Gurlyanda. Berlin (in Russ.).Górny, M., 2021. Velikaya voina professorov. Gumanitarnye nauki (1912—1923) [The professors’ Great war. Humanities (1912—1923)]. Translated by N. S. Polyakova. St. Petersburg (in Russ.).Holl, M., 1901. Mozart’s Ohr. Eine anatomische Studie. Mitteilungen der Anthropologische Gesellschaft in Wien, 31. S. 1—12.Kantorovich, M., ed., 1912. Putevoditel' po Kenigsbergu i prilegayushchim morskim kurortam dlya russkikh puteshestvennikov [Guide to Königsberg and adjacent seaside resorts for Russian travellers]. Königsberg (in Russ.).Lüdtke, G., ed., 1936. Kürschners Deutscher Literatur-Kalender — Nekrolog 1901—1935. Berlin.Paton, A., Pahor, A. L. and Graham, G. R., 1986. Looking for Mozart ears. British Medical Journal, 293, pp. 1622—1624, https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.293.6562.1622.Repressirovannye geologi: biograficheskii material [Repressed geologists: biographical material]. Moscow; St. Petersburg (in Russ.).Steiner, R., 1901. Goethe und die Medizin. Wiener klinische Rundschau, 15 (2). S. 580—588.Syrovatko, L. V., 2025. “Everything has already happened!”: the first Russian translation of a poem by Paul Henry Gerber. Slovo.ru: Baltic accent, 16 (1), pp. 201—210, https://doi.org/10.5922/2225-5346-2025-1-12 (in Russ.).Tarunov, A. M., ed., 2013. Ob"ekty kul'turnogo naslediya Kaliningradskoi oblasti: illyustrirovannyi katalog [Cultural heritage objects of the Kaliningrad region: illustrated catalogue]. Moscow (in Russ.).Thomson StC. 1920. Obituary: Prof. Paul Gerber (Königsberg, Germany). The Journal of Laryngology, Rhinology and Otology, 35 (11), pp. 350—351.Tilitzki, Ch., 2023. Die Albertus-Universität Königsberg. Bd. 1: 1871—1918. Berlin.Trauerfeier für Professor Gerber. 1919. Königsberger Hartungsche Zeitung. 18 Okt., 489. S. 5.«Все уже было!»: первый русский перевод стихотворения Пауля Генри ГербераL.V.SyrovatkoKaliningrad Regional Museum of Fine ArtsImmanuel Kant Baltic Federal UniversityThe paper is the first translation into Russian of the poem ‘Everything has already hap­pened! (Epistle to Julius Stettenheim)’ by the outstanding German scholar, professor at the University of Königsberg, medical practitioner and poet Paul Henry Gerber (1863—1919). The poem first appeared in Gerber’s collection of poems ‘From Youth. Songs and Poetry’ (Ber­lin, 1895); it was also reprinted in a review of the book published in the journal Mnemosyne. The poem, in which gentle humour shades into deep philosophical content, was addressed to the German publisher and journalist Julius Stettenheim, and contains allusions to the Book of Ecclesiastes and the works of the German classics. The publication also reproduces the origi­nal text and a translation of a journal review. The commentary briefly covers the principles of translation, and provides information on the main motifs of the poem and the personalities mentioned in it.0530202620121010.5922/2225-5346-2025-1-12https://journals.kantiana.ru/slovo/15820/82953/Dementev, I. O., 2025. Paul Henry Gerber — physician, professor, poet from Königsberg. Slovo.ru: Baltic accent, 16 (1), pp. 189—200. https://doi.org/10.5922/2225- 5346-2025-1-11 (in Russ.).Garibert, H., 1895. Aus der Jugendzeit. Lieder und Gedichte. Berlin.Grinde, К., 1996. Nordisk musik-tidende 1880—1892, Orkestertidende 1892—1894. Ann Arbor.Literatur. 1895. Mnemosyne. Beiblatt zur Neuen Würzburger Zeitung mit Würzburger Anzeiger. 6. März, 28, s. 112.Рецепция драмы Х. Мюллера «Цемент» в России рубежа XX—XXI вековYu.Yu.MiklukhoNovosibirsk State Technical Universityhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-5182-1623The literary fate of the German dramatist Heiner Müller is paradoxical. Despite his plays being part of the main repertoire in many of the world’s leading theaters, he faced prolonged censorship both in his homeland, the German Democratic Republic, and in Russia. However, interest in his works has grown significantly in recent years. Müller's major works have been translated into Russian, and his plays are increasingly staged in domestic theatres. Alongside these theatrical productions, Russian researchers are actively engaging with Müller’s legacy, analyzing various aspects of his dramatic works in numerous scholarly studies. This demon­strates the emergence of an active phase of academic discourse in Russia centered on Heiner Müller's contributions to drama.This article aims to examine the specifics of the Russian-language reception of Müller’s play “Cement” in contemporary scholarship and culture. “Cement” holds a pivotal role in the process of mastering Müller’s legacy in Russia. The study is novel and significant as it sys­tematically organizes materials on the reception of this play, providing a comprehensive anal­ysis of how it has been perceived and interpreted. The key themes and dominant aspects of “Cement” are identified through a comparative analysis of current Russian research on Mül­ler’s work, as well as insights from modern Russian electronic media. The study draws con­clusions about the nature of Müller’s reception in Russia and the specific perception of his drama in this context. The practical significance of this research lies in its applicability to the development and delivery of lectures on the history of European drama, as well as specialized courses on German literature.0530202621122510.5922/2225-5346-2025-1-13https://journals.kantiana.ru/slovo/15820/82955/