Absoluter Wert in Kants Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Sitten
... notions of an end in itself and absolute value — seemingly in a different way, however. Thus, in the remarks on the realm of ends, the rational being becomes an end in itself through its real moral willing and acting, both of which presuppose the validity of the categorical imperative. Basically, the difference in the ways of using the concepts of absolute value and an end in itself consists in the fact that in the first case both serve as precondition for the categorical imperative’s validity,...
Revisiting the Maxim-Law Dynamic in the Light of Kant’s Theory of Action
... argue that the revised interpretations of O’Neill and Beck stem from a mistaken reading of the fundamental basis of the classification of practical principles. To show this, I first argue that Kant distinguishes between maxims and laws on the bases of validity and reality. I then argue that although a practical principle necessarily has the feature of validity, its reality in actually moving the agents to action sufficiently makes a principle a practical principle. If this is so, I argue that the classification ...
Kant and the Crusians in the Debate on Optimism
... of practical philosophy that he later radically changed in the critical period, in particular those with regards to freedom and human dignity. The obvious bias of most Kantian scholars against Kant’s opponents prevented researchers from seeing the validity of Weymann’s criticism of Kant for ignoring the problem of freedom. To prove his point, Weymann addressed the difference between the freedom of contradiction (libertas contradictionis) and the freedom of contrariety (libertas contrarietatis)....
Generation of exact solutions of Fridman equations leading to Cardy–Verlinde formula by Darboux transformation
It is considered a possibility of generation of exact solutions for Friedman equations by Darboux transformation, for which Cardy — Verlinde formula is valid. Two modifications of Darboux transformation are offered, which let generate such solutions. Exact solutions are obtained, for which Cardy — Verlinde formula is valid at least near some singularities.
1. Verlinde E. On the Holographic Principle ...
I. Kant and J. Jungius: on the development of critical tradition in the 17th century German philosophy
... the following principles adopted by Kant: sensible experience and reason are necessary components of cognition, the initial object of cognition is the phenomena of sensible experience, sensible intuitions are a necessary but insufficient basis for the validity of our knowledge; the bases of validity of natural science knowledge are to be found within reason; only the principles of reason can guarantee the universal and essential nature of both theoretical and empirical knowledge.
1. Лейбниц ...
University performance and regional development: the case of Russia’s North-West
... employees with higher education, the average years of education of the labour force, the number of students per 1,000 population, etc. The estimations of the human capital’s contribution to regional development vary from 10 % [2] to 26 % [3], which validates the importance of higher education underpinning the need to factor it in when making managerial decisions on regional development.
Recently, there has been a wide-ranged discussion around the university ceasing to be exclusively a regional educational ...
Knowledge and innovation dynamics of the Northwest Russia under geopolitical changes
... limited to three types of publications: ra — research articles; re — review articles; cp — conference proceedings. Information was collected through the Scopus API using program code written in Python (in the IDE PyCharm environment). Subsequent validation of the information was carried out selectively, by manual Scopus queries. The covered period is 2018—2022.
The fourth stage was collecting patent statistics. The open data sets of Rospatent contain information about all inventions, utility ...
Modern trends in paradiplomacy: a case of Russian-Finnish regional cooperation
... Russia using the concept of ‘resilience’. This entails that the system displays adaptability in response to various challenges [31]. Cross-border cooperation had remained a robust means of communication until the spring of 2022, thereby affirming the validity of this concept.
Thirdly, the configuration of partners also garnered attention. On the Finnish side, the prevalent types of partners included non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and businesses, while on the Russian side, municipalities, NGOs,...
Artificial Intelligence: a catalyst for entrepreneurship education in the Baltics
... variables from a considerably extensive pool of potential candidate predictors. In the article authored by Obschonka et al., the primary focus lies in the domain of entrepreneurship within various regions. Their objective revolves around gauging and validating disparities in entrepreneurial personality across different geographical areas. This endeavour is accomplished by harnessing vast individual-level datasets, encompassing self-reported data from several million personality assessments, and applying ...
Tool-Kit for Ethical Analysis of Video Games: Answer to the Challenges of the New Enlightenment
... Absicht: Akten des XI. Kant-Kongresses 2010. Berlin & Boston: De Gruyter, pp. 691-702.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110246490.4551
.
Coccaro, E. F., Noblett, K. L., McCloskey, M. S., 2009. Attributional and Emotional Responses to Socially Ambiguous Cues: Validation of a New Assessment of Social/Emotional Information Processing in Healthy Adults and Impulsive Aggressive Patients. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 43, pp. 915-25.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2009.01.012
.
Crutzen, P. and Stoermer,...
Evaluating the efficiency of the research sector in Russian regions: a dynamic data envelopment analysis
....<7>
Aggregation was carried out using the full counting method [36]: a publication co-authored by researchers from different regions gives each region a credit. Thus, it was necessary, firstly, to include publications from organisations with a validated Scopus profile into a regional set and, secondly, to search for publications from organisations with such a profile and add them to the corresponding regional sets.
Finally, as carry-over variables, the model used:
— accumulated expenses calculated ...
Efficiency analysis of seaports in Russia’s Baltic basin: performance evaluation
... investment in innovation, carbon emissions, port area, and the number of environmental project initiatives aimed at achieving sustainable development goals and objectives as the basis for calculating two comprehensive performance indicators (EQI and GPE). To validate the proposed approach, the article presents the results of cargo turnover in Russian ports, determines the market share of ports in the Baltic basin, examines investment projects, port throughput, innovations in reducing the anthropogenic impact ...
Comparative analysis of the territorial support frame of settlement in coastal areas: the case of St. Petersburg and Kaliningrad regions
... analysis in international and national (regional) studies. Nevertheless, old, settled coastal areas — which European urban science considers as evidence of the decisive effect of coastal position on spatial development and urbanisation — remain valid research objects. Achieving corresponding theoretical and practical goals requires qualitative and quantitative analysis of urbanisation in coastal areas. This article aims to determine whether the territorial support frameworks of settlement in ...
Migration distances in Russia: a demographic profile of migrants
... registration does not expire. Usually, one obtains it after purchasing real estate or moving in with relatives. In this respect, it is a near analogue of ‘property owners’ migration, a notion used in international studies. Temporary registration valid for from nine months to five years (sometimes longer), which is classified by Rosstat as long-term migration, is often obtained when moving into rented accommodation or halls of residence. Russian statistics consider migrants with both types of ...
Clinical cases, pathogenesis and diagnosis of catatonia in affective disorders (depression and mania) in adolescents
... benzodiazepine tranquilizers and / or electroconvulsive therapy; the latter is the method of last choice if the early administration of benzodiazepine derivatives has been missed, or they are ineffective even at high doses. The use of a standardized, highly valid Bush-Francis catatonia rating scale will facilitate the diagnosis of this disorder and taking a fast decision-making.
1. Benarous X., Raffin M., Ferrafiat V. et al. Catatonia in children and adolescents: New perspectives //
Schizophrenia Research
...
Evaluation of the possibility of ultrasound examination of the first metatarsophalangeal joints in the diagnosis of gouty arthritis
... the development of novel antihyperuricemic therapeutics // Arthritis Research and Therapy. 2006. Vol. 8 (Suppl 1). P. 4.
23. Terslev L., Gutierrez M., Schmidt W. A. et al. OMERACT Ultrasound Working Group: Ultrasound as an outcome measure in gout. a validation process by the OMERACT Ultrasound Working Group // The Journal of Rheumatology. 2015. Vol. 42. P. 2177—2181.
24. Zhu Y., Pandya B. J., Choi H. K. Prevalence of gout and hyperuricemia in the US general population: the National Health and Nutrition ...
Spatial diffusion of Asian direct investments in the northern European EU countries
... we used the example of Asian companies working in the Baltic states, Finland, Sweden and Denmark, newcomers to internationalisation, not affected by the ‘neighbourhood effect’, and contrasted them with Western European investors. We confirmed the validity of the hierarchical wavelike model of the FDI spatial diffusion with the dominance of metropolitan urban agglomerations. It was also found that mergers and acquisitions are dominant forms of FDI in developed countries. Their ascendancy leads ...
Coastal and western border centers in the system of large cities of modern Russia: socio-economic and innovation development.
... confirmed the hypothesis on ‘coastalizing’ socio-economic and innovative potential and advanced growth of coastal centers. At the same time, there is also a high differentiation within the group of coastal cities, indicating that such trends are valid only at the national level. Differentiation and the gap on a number of indicators are fixed with respect to the group of Western Russian cities located in the border regions. It refutes the hypothesis on their advanced development due to external ...
The first Stokes method in the problem of waves on a liquid surface of finite depth
.... One linear and three quadratic equations are obtained. The zero mean conditions for the level and the relative function of the current, as well as the condition of orthogonally of the wave level and the fundamental harmonic, are determined and validated. Like Stokes did, we seek unknown functions and parameters as expansions in a dimensionless wave number. The nonlinear dispersion relation has been obtained. The decision analysis has been completed. The cases of short and long waves have been ...
Taking Detours through the “Transcendental Dialectic”. The Principles of Homogeneity, Specification, and Continuity
... introduced in the “Preface” (of the first edition of the Critique of Pure Reason) and again in the “first book” of the “Transcendental Dialectic”, a first argumentative strategy, which differs from the objective one but provides “some objective validity” (KrV, A 664 / B 692; Kant, 1998, p. 602) and therefore has systematic importance for the principles of homogeneity, specification, and continuity. My aim is to offer immanent strategies for a justification of the principles of homogeneity,...
Moral und Dogma: Alois Riehls Neukantianismus im Spannungsfeld zwischen Religion und Politik
... he doubted the immortality of the soul and the existence of a personal God. These two dogmas of the Catholic Church were considered bу the Austrian authorities to be the foundations of public order. Riehl questioned not only the charge but also the validity of religious dogmas for morality. Based on Kant’s ethics, he argued for a moral indifferentism of religious dogmas. His career was significantly influenced by this essay, because of its anti-clerical content. During the culture war, Riehl repeatedly ...
Kategorische Rechtsprinzipien in Zeiten der Postmoderne. Interview mit Prof. Dr Otfried Höffe
... categorically, has influenced the contemporary theory of justice. Many academics believe such principles to be relative and emphasise that justice lies beyond the remit of science. Otfried Höffe is convinced that categorical legal principles remain a valid subject for an academic discussion. In his works, he often appeals to Kantian philosophy. In the interview, Prof. Dr. О. Höffe refers to such famous German Neo-Kantian philosophers of law as R. Stammler and G. Radbruch. He also mentions J. Rawls ...
Consequences and Design in General and Transcendental Logic
... reconstruction of two approaches originating in 14th century scholasticism that are used to demarcate formal and material consequences. The first approach (e. g., John Buridan, Albert of Saxony, Marsilius of Inghen) holds that a consequence is formal if it is valid — because of its form only — for any matter. Since the matter of a consequence is linked to categorematic terms, its formal validity is defined as being invariant under substitutions for such terms. According to the second approach (e. g.,...
An economic complexity analysis of the Kaliningrad region: identifying sectoral priorities in the emerging value creation paradigm
... value-creation paradigm that calls for changes and structural transformations in economic systems at different levels. Structural transformations are prompted by growing economic complexity. In this context, the selection of industrial strategies and the validation of key regional industrial policies is of paramount importance. Economic complexity (EC) analysis is a new effective tool to address the issue. Its application at a subnational level is, however, limited by methodological problems. To analyse ...
“The Turn towards Ontology” in Russian Neo-Kantianism in the Late 1910s and Early 1920s (Lev Salagov and Nikolai Boldyrev)
... [Notes by V. A. Kurennoy]. In: I. M. Chubarov, ed. 1997. Antologiya fenomenologicheskoi filosofii v Rossii [Anthology of Phenomenological Philosophy in Russia], Volume 1. Moscow: Logos, pp. 197-210. (In Russ.)
Salagov, L.P., 1997b. On the Concept of Validity in Modern Logic [Preface, selected translation into Russian, notes by V. A. Kurennoy]. In: I. M. Chubarov, ed. Antologiia fenomenologicheskoi filosofii v Rossii [Anthology of phenomenological philosophy in Russia], Volume 1. Moscow: Logos, pp....
Ultrasound anatomy of the skin: review
... extracellular matrix synthesis of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans to improve the human skin aspect and its mechanical properties // Clin. Cosmet. Investig. Dermatol. 2016. № 9. P. 461—472.
20. Lee K. W., Kim S. H., Gil Y. C. et al. Validity and reliability of a structured-light 3D scanner and an ultrasound imagingsystem for measurements of facial skin thickness // Clin. Anal. 2017. Vol. 30, № 7. P. 878—886.
21. Nemati S., Banan R., Alizadeh A. Ultrasonographic evaluation of ...
The philosophy of the text as texts of philosophy
... mutual translations. Philosophy is capable of taking on diverse, dissimilar forms. It is as diversified as the paths of human self-determination, self-awareness, self-explanation, and self-justification. Therefore, the claims to exclusiveness and validity of any one way to textualize philosophizing do not seem justified.
Bacon, F., 1978. Sochineniya v dvukh tomakh [Works in two volumes]. Vol. 2. Moscow: Myslʼ (in Russ.).
Gogotishvili, l. A., 2007. Nepryamoe govorenie [Indirect speaking]....
The archetypal space of the palace in E. Zola’s novel «The Ladiesʼ Paradise»
... aesthetic manifests of the authors. Besides, this approach gives an opportunity to analyze the text as such and to distinguish between historical reminiscences and allusions and archetypical models, as well as between current influences and generally valid archetypes. Special attention is given to the image of the Palace and to its spatial model, which works in the novel as a specific meaning-generating mechanism. The image of the Palace is viewed through its historical importance for the second ...
The identity and collective memory of Kaliningraders in recent Polish studies
... commemorative conflicts between different groups about the past, and strategies for the ‘invention of traditions’. However, studies into the identity of certain groups of local residents (the Polish diaspora or Catholics) cast doubt on the very validity of the question about the identity of Kaliningraders. The experience of Polish scholars shows that the interpretation of the past and present of the Kaliningrad region in a multicultural perspective is a viable research area.
1. Жуковский ...
Liver elastography techniques and the problems of Russian terminology
In this review, we approach Russian terminology in elastography by discussing elastography technique classifications using terms that take into account the essence of physical patterns underlying various elastography techniques. Elastography techniques used in clinical practice are divided into four groups: strain elastography, transient elastography, point shear wave elastography, and 2D shear wave elastography. Based on physical principles, two types are identified: strain elastography and shear...
The Innovation-Promoting and Economic Functions of the State: An Analysis of Interrelations (the Case of the Republic of Belarus)
... today’s condition, a solution to the major problem of national economic development lies in the employment of advanced technology. I identify the areas where the innovative function of the state overlaps with its economic subfunctions. I propose and validate a logical model for relations between the innovation-promoting and economic functions of the state.
1. Байтин М. И. Сущность и основные функции социалистического государства. Саратов,...
Kantian motives in logic and philosophy of science. Idea of Unity of a priory and empirical knowledge
... modest type of empiricism. Real practice of logical and mathematical reasoning provides pry conjunctions of a priori and empirical elements of cognitive processes. We can find their harmonic combinations of mentioned standpoints and thus to confirm the validity of Kant idea related to inherent unity of a priori and empirical elements within contemporary philosophy of science. Apriorism along with empiricism contain powerful heuristic potential.
1. Бажанов В. А. Н. А. Васильев и ...
Steven Makin’s ontological argument: The concept of necessary exis¬ten¬ce of God
... "that than which none greater can be conceived".There are three key ideas, namely: 1) there are no reasons to consider that class of necessarily exemplified concepts as non-empty; 2) interchangeability of alethic modalities does not seem to be a valid argument; 3) there are additional complications that were not mentioned in earlier analyses. In particular, the proof does not take into account the multilevel structure of ontology, whose hier¬archy of levels determines, as a rule, what entities ...
Assessment of hepatic volume ex vivo by the formulas of the ultrasound volumetry
... J. of Diagnostic Medical Sonography. 2014. Vol. 30, № 6. P. 296—306.
12. Childs J. T., Esterman A. J., Thoirs K. A., Turner R. C. Ultrasound in the assessment of hepatomegaly: a simple technique to determine an enlarged liver using reliable and valid measurements // Sonography. 2016. Vol. 3. P. 47—52.
13. Childs J. T., Thoirs K. A., Esterman A. J. The development of a practical and uncomplicated predictive equation to determine liver volume from simple linear ultrasound measurements of the ...
Fiscal policies stimulating private investment in the Special Economic Zone in the Kaliningrad region
The authors explore incentive mechanisms of stimulating private investment as it is reflected in the law on the Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in the Kaliningrad region. Statistics accumulated during the validity period of the law, allows the author to analyze the situation and to draw conclusions about the specificity and the main results of the SEZ mechanisms. The aim of this research is to identify patterns of investment activity in the Kaliningrad ...
Kants Begriff der Verbindlichkeit und die neuzeitliche Naturrechtslehre
... obligation. Starting with Pufendorf's concept of obligation, it will be demonstrated that the natural law is grounded on the will of God. In contrast, the concept of obligation in Christian Wolff's Philosophia practica universalis has no need to found the validity of obligation of natural law in God's will. Instead he developed a concept which was based on the idea of a free self-binding moral subject. Therefore, Wolff's Philosophy has a great impact on Kant's own moral philosophy and especially on his ...
Analytic Work on Kant — Idealism, Things in Themselves, and the Object of Knowledge
... Federal University, Kaliningrad, 2014), the author questions how far Kant’s idealism can be accepted and these problems resolved in any way that (i) is reasonably faithful to Kant’s texts, (ii) renders his position consistent (and his major arguments valid), and (iii) does not rest on premises that are themselves philosophically implausible. The author argues that these three desiderata are not met in any strictly Kantian and philosophically satisfactory way in the interpretations given by P. F. Strawson,...
Kant, Radical Agnosticism, and Methodological Eliminativism about Things-in-Themselves
... Kant’s views on the object of knowledge and the nature of things-in-themselves should meet three conditions: (1) it should be reasonably faithful to Kant’s views, (2) it must show that his views are internally consistent and his major arguments are valid, and (3) it must not rest on premises that are themselves philosophically implausible. Howell concludes that it would be philosophically good to find a satisfactory resolution of these problems, but also suspects that no such resolution will be ...
Edmund Husserl’s phenomenology and a cognitive-semantic interpretation of Kant’s transcendentalism
... interpretation antecedes Husserl’s phenomenology, which introduced a substantive a priori justification of human experience. This is a realist interpretation of Husserl’s philosophy. At its core is a fundamental principle of phenomenology — the validation of knowledge by a reflective examination of its premises and the everyday experience through which it is obtained. It is stressed that, unlike Kant, Husserl’s phenomenology rejects the existence of unknowable things in themselves and, unlike ...
The ultrasound volumetry: selecting optimal formula based on linear liver dimensions (ex vivo study)
... measurement techniques // J. Diagn. Med. Sonogr. 2014. Vol. 30. P. 296—306.
12. Childs J. T., Esterman A. J., Thoirs K. A., Turner R. C. Ultrasound in the assessment of hepatomegaly: A simple technique to determine an enlarged liver using reliable and valid measurements // Sonography. 2016. № 3. P. 47—52.
13. Childs J. T., Esterman A. J., Thoirs K. A. The development of a practical and uncomplicated predictive equation to determine liver volume from simple linear ultrasound measurements of the ...
Use of the genetic algorithm for devising a formula for liver volumetry
... measurement techniques // J. Diagn. Med. Sonogr. 2014. Vol. 30. P. 296—306.
11. Childs J. T., Esterman A. J., Thoirs K. A., Turner R. C. Ultrasound in the assessment of hepatomegaly: A simple technique to determine an enlarged liver using reliable and valid measurements // Sonography. 2016. Vol. 3. P. 47—52.
12. Childs J. T., Esterman A. J., Thoirs K. A. The development of a practical and uncomplicated predictive equation to determine liver volume from simple linear ultrasound measurements of the ...
Kant’s family ethics and philosophy of love. Part 2. Critique of Judgement
... Rowman & Littlefield.
11. Windelband, W. 1904, Die Geschichte der neueren Philosophie in ihrem Zusammenhange mit der allgemeinen Kultur und den besondere
satisfaction, love, the beautiful, the pleasant, the good, interest, disinterestedness, universal validity, integrity of self
Sudakov A. K.
21-43
10.5922/0207-6918-2017-3-2
Estimating the accuracy of standard volume calculations using liver volumetry
... measurement techniques // J. Diagn. Med. Sonogr. 2014. Vol. 30. P. 296—306.
5. Childs J. T., Esterman A. J., Thoirs K. A., Turner R. C. Ultrasound in the assessment of hepatomegaly: A simple technique to determine an enlarged liver using reliable and valid measurements // Sonography. 2016. Vol. 3. P. 47—52.
6. Childs J. T., Esterman A. J., Thoirs K. A. The development of a practical and uncomplicated predictive equation to determine liver volume from simple linear ultrasound measurements of the ...
Measurement of liver volume using imaging techniques of various modalities
... ultrasound measurements of the liver // Radiography. 2016. № 22. Р. 125—130.
18. Childs J. T., Esterman A. J., Thoirs K. A., Turner R. C. Ultrasound in the assessment of hepatomegaly: A simple technique to determine an enlarged liver using reliable and valid measurements // Sonography. 2016. Vol. 3. P. 47—52.
19. Ditrich M., Milde S., Dinkel E. et al. Sonographic biometry of liver and spleen size in childhood // Pediat Radiology. 1983. Vol. 13. P. 206—211.
20. D’Onofrio M., Robertis R. de, Demozzi ...
Challenges of the methodological approaches to the measurement and the evaluation of liver size
... percussion are standard techniques to measure liver size, but are not accurate enough to detect a small increase. Accurate measurement of the liver by sonography is particularly relevant when a patient is suspected to have hepatitis. According to a number of validated sources, liver length varies greatly depending on the modalities and techniques used by the ultrasound specialist. Ultrasound liver size measurement has not become a routine procedure since a reliable and reproducible ultrasound method has not ...
Epidemiology of tuberculosis in the Kaliningrad region
... obtained results characterize the epidemiological situation in the region as stable. The author concludes that further monitoring of the epidemiological indicators is required. To confirm the objectivity of the obtained results the author assesses the validity of the basic TB indicators.
1. Здравоохранение Калининградской области в цифрах : информационно-аналитический сборник. Калининград, 2014.
2. Нечаева ...
Evaluating evidence in the adversarial system
... вероятности к достоверности по уголовным делам : автореф. дис. … канд. юр. наук. Краснодар, 2007.
Tkacheva N., Pankina I.
criminal procedure function, evidence, evidence gathering, validation, evaluation of evidence.
15-20