Internet diffusion and interregional digital divide in Russia: trends, factors, and the influence of the pandemic
... agents are commonly called digitalization [1]. This is a technological revolution, though some authors also talk about a new industrial revolution [2]. The introduction of digital technologies and the spread of the Internet economy provided up to a third of the economic growth in Sweden, Germany, Great Britain and other developed countries [3]. During 2010—2017, the digital sector of the Russian economy grew by 17 %, almost twice outpacing GDP growth [4], and the costs of developing the digital ...
Knowledge and innovation dynamics of the Northwest Russia under geopolitical changes
... in all subject areas; Pa is the number of patents in the country in a subject area a; Ptotal is the number of patents in the country in all subject areas. KPja above one shows the region’s inventive specialization in a particular subject area.
The third stage is the assessment of the relationship between scientific and innovative activity in the regions in 2019—2021. A correlation analysis assesses the strength of the correlation between the indicators using the Cheddock scale. The evaluation ...
The Legal Regulation of the EU Immigrant Integration Policy
... полит. наук. М., 2013.
7. Правительство ФРГ одобрило закон об интеграции беженцев. URL:
http://www.dw.com/ru
(дата обращения: 10.05.2018).
8. Action Plan on the integration of third country nationals Brussels Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. URL:
https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/sites/homeaffairs/files/what-we-do/policies/european-agenda-migrat....
Legal aspects of the EU policy on irregular immigration
... on irregular immigration: rules preventing assistance to irregular immigration, rules preventing employment of irregular immigrants, rules on the return of irregular migrants and readmission, rules on border control, and rules on collaboration with third countries. The author pays special attention to analysing the current state of irregular immigration to the EU, which was dubbed the ‘greatest migration crisis in Europe’. The conclusion is that the European Union succeeded in the development ...
The externalisation of migration control in the European Union: first steps towards the external dimension of the space of freedom, security and justice
... is one of the most rapidly developing aspects of European integration. It this paper, we take a look at the foreign policies involved in this process — aside from the internal development of the European Union, they concern a significant number of third countries, including Russia. In our view, the efforts to manage the flow of migrants and asylum seekers constitute a viable part of the external dimension within the AFSJ policies. Much of this article is based on the theoretical postulates introduced ...
University performance and regional development: the case of Russia’s North-West
... especially in the context of the fourth industrial revolution and the rise of the knowledge economy. The lack of attention to the education sector may stem from the gross underestimation of its contribution to regional development. By implementing their ‘third mission’, universities exert influence on the economy, politics and socially responsible industries in their home region. A better understanding of the role of universities in regional development requires a comprehensive evaluation of their performance....
The impact of the food embargo on consumer preferences and cross-border practices in the Kaliningrad region
... region, an exclave of Russia, responded more sensitively to the restrictions than any other territory of the country due to the heavy dependence of its food market on imported finished products and raw materials, as well as the transit from Russia via third countries. This study aims to explore how the consumer preferences of Kaliningraders changed in 2014—2021 under the food embargo. The research also investigates changes in the cross-border mobility of the region’s residents with regard to ...
Cross-border tourist mobility as seen by residents of the Karelian borderlands: COVID-19 restrictions
... the effect of the Covid-19 travel restrictions. The survey indicates that, before the pandemic, residents of the border municipalities were the most active in the region in visiting Finland for recreation, shopping and tourism (Table 3). Thus, every third resident of the Karelian borderlands (29.3 %) visited the neighbouring country every month or more than 10 times a year; every tenth, from six to ten times. At the same time, almost half of the residents of the region’s interior municipalities ...
Stakeholder approach to the implementation of the ‘third mission’ of universities
The implementation of the ‘third mission’ by universities is a significant area of research that has been explored by many Russian and international experts. The ‘third mission’ means engaging with society. Alongside education and research, it is an important factor in the ...
The spread of the COVID-19 infection in Russia’s Baltic macro-region: internal differences
.... To this end, the number of the statutory instruments was examined alongside the time of their approval and their stringency; content analysis was conducted to identify what type of spatial diffusion of the virus was targeted by the study measures.
Thirdly, the findings were integrated with the spatial characteristics of concrete Baltic regions, which were determined based on statistical extremes (regional minima and maxima).
Results
An analysis of excess mortality data (Fig. 1) made it possible ...
The Role of the Kantian “Power of Judgment” in the “Nonmodern” Study of Conscious Experience
One of the major problems in contemporary philosophy of mind is the dualism of first-person and third-person perspectives — the question of whether conscious experience is public and epistemically accessible or private and qualitative. Recognising the relevance of the arguments of both sides, naturalists and anti-naturalists, I attempt to resolve this dichotomy using Bruno Latour’s methodology on the theories of Immanuel Kant and Moritz Schlick. To do so, I propose not to reduce the theory of...
Pure and Impure Philosophy in Kant’s Metaphilosophy
... an essentialist project (“What is philosophy?”); (2) a methodological project (“How do we do philosophy?”); and (3) a taxonomic project (“What are the different parts of philosophy, and how are they related?”). This paper focuses on the third project. In particular, it explores one of the most intriguing yet puzzling aspects of Kant’s philosophy, viz. the relationship between what Kant calls ‘pure’ philosophy vs. ‘applied’, ‘empirical’ or what we can broadly refer to as ...
Information and propaganda strategies in German non-state media discourse during the COVID-19 pandemic
... the virus as well as to the quarantine, lockdown, and vaccinations (“Million Mensch” — “millions of people”, “Bürgerin Bürger” — citizens). In addition, a group of children and adolescents (“Jung Mensch”) is distinguished in the third wave and is discussed not only in terms of morbidity and the vaccination campaign (although this topic prevails), but also with respect to social problems. For example: in Die Zeit, 06/02/2021: “Junge Menschen haben ein anderes Zeitgefühl. Ihnen ...
Reputation and status in Denmark’s strategic culture
... its contribution to the victory over Germany in World War II and the Nordic country’s security during the Cold War despite Denmark’s problem behaviour in NATO, particularly during the fodnotepolitik [footnote policy] period of 1982—1988 [7]. The third factor is cosmopolitanism, i. e., the idea that the US and its European allies use military force as a tool to promote the values of liberal world order and human rights and to achieve universal welfare for all [8].
During the Cold War, Denmark’s ...
A typology of the Baltic region states according to excellence in science and technology
... developed international areas [29]. Secondly, five out of the ten countries in the region were previously part of the “people’s democracy” or the Soviet Union, and therefore share similarities in their development paths with the Russian Federation. Thirdly, the countries in the region have a long history of economic ties and relations that extend beyond the four freedoms of the European Union. R&D funding and the state of labour resources are the key factors in the analysis of scientific, technological ...
The two-party tendency in Poland’s political system: manifestations, causes and prospects
... Polish Families [19, s. 589], which lost its seats in the parliament. At the same time, PO at that moment started recruiting supporters from across the liberal wing. The right-wing populist Self-Defence, whose leader Andrzej Lepper was dubbed ‘the third twin’ for his likeness to the Kaczyński brothers [20, p. 897], found itself in a much complicated predicament: half of its supporters absented themselves from the 2007 election [19, s. 589], and in the 2010s, they started voting for PiS.
Remarkably,...
The economy of Russian Baltic regions: development level and dynamics, structure and international trade partners
... working population in St. Petersburg, 2.4 % in the Leningrad region and 4.4 % in the Kaliningrad region, compared to 2.7 % across the country.
The forestry-related industries (pulp and paper, furniture, etc.), which mostly use timber as raw material, rank third in this respect. They account for 1.3 % of those employed in St. Petersburg, 2.9 % in the Leningrad region and 2.0 % in the Kaliningrad region, compared to the national average of 1.5 %.
The fourth-ranking industry is textile and leather production....
Naturalising Kant
The third formulation of the Categorical Imperative rarely receives the attention devoted to its predecessors. This paper aims to develop a naturalistic approach to morality inspired by Kant’s conception of moral agents as legislating in a Kingdom of Ends....
Administrative resource at the elections to the State Duma of the third convocation in the North-Western provinces of Russia
The article analyzes the administrative control over the elections to the State Duma of the third convocation of the Russian Empire in the Northwestern provinces. The local and central administration employed a wide variety of methods. The electoral legislation was radically changed (the provision on elections to the State Duma of June 3, 1907); ...
Paul Natorp’s social pedagogic theory and it’s relevance to modern russian education
... scientific background. Thus the social function of the universities as institutions where persons of such quality are being cultivated is actualized. This notion makes Natorp’s standpoint resemble in many ways the extended reading of university’s “third mission”.
1. Auzan, A. A., 2013, Missiya universiteta: vzglyad ehkonomista [University’s mission: economist point of view], Polit. ru: Publichnye lekcii. [Polit. ru: Public lectures]. Moscow, 18.04.2013. URL:
http://www.polit.ru/article/2013/05/07/auzan/
...
Supranational Policy of Migrant Integration in the EU
... policy development. The article presents an overview of the major forms of social integration of migrants. The author analyses the existing sociological theories and concepts, as well as the practice of implementing supranational policies of integrating third country nationals in the European Union and its major aspects and mechanisms. On the basis of statistical data and with the help of correlation analysis, the author identifies the key factors affecting a country’s approach to the integration of ...
A unified and harmonised European law and its impact on third countries
Having transferred the title on visas, asylum, immigration and other policies related to free movement of persons from the third pillar into the Treaty on European Community, the Amsterdam Treaty vested legislative power in the European Community in the fields of international civil procedure and private international law. On the basis of this power, the European Community ...
A new role of cooperation under economic sanctions as seen by residents of the Kaliningrad region
... cooperation development characteristic of the sanctions-affected Kaliningrad region.
Results
As the survey results demonstrate, more than half of respondents from the Kaliningrad region are familiar with the term ‘cooperation’ (52.4 %). Another third (36.2 %) report a basic familiarity with the term (‘yes, I have heard of it, but I cannot give a detailed answer’). Only every tenth respondent (11.4 %) is not acquainted with the concept. Region-specific data closely match responses from the ...
The border as a barrier and an incentive for the structural economic transformation of the Kaliningrad exclave
... collated in May—June 2002 by conducting 24 expert interviews with representatives of regional and federal authorities, businesses, academic and expert communities, and NGOs. The interviews were held in the Kaliningrad region and district centres. The third group of sources is basic research carried out by colleagues from Kaliningrad [12], [15], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25] etc.
Border regimes and the crisis of transition: synergy effects as seen in an exclave (1991—2003)
The legal status ...
The Accession of Finland and Sweden to NATO: Geopolitical implications for Russia’s position in the Baltic Sea region
... contribution of Helsinki and Stockholm to the collective military potential of NATO; secondly, their ability alongside other countries in the region to destroy Moscow’s strategic plans for the further use of the Baltic in its interests as a ‘grey zone’; thirdly, the necessity to coordinate the strategies of all Western states in the region within the framework of NATO, the European Union, and other forums, to overcome certain gaps between different groups of states in the region (Baltic Trio, Scandinavian ...
The geopolitical effect of the maritime factor on the spatial development of post-Soviet Russia: the Baltic case
... gas transportation system was established; the creation of industrial port complexes has intensified [26]. Russia’s maritime activity, however, was becoming more internationalised, with a visible westernisation tendency. Particularly, it depended on third states for market outlets, logistics, services and technology, which contributed to the Western tilt characteristic of the country’s spatial development.
At the subnational level, coastalisation or the shift towards an oceanic economy, as Pyotr ...
Economic development of Russia’s north-western regions and migration to the St. Petersburg agglomeration
... due to the inflow of population from other NWFD regions, first of all the nearest and northern ones, and only migration from the exclave Kaliningrad Region was minor. Migration out of the federal district (mainly to the Central FD) did not exceed a third of the interregional migration. It has been previously demonstrated that population migration tends to be more active in northern parts of European Russia [29]. As compared to Moscow, which has expanded territorially, the migration gain in St. Petersburg ...
Kant als metaphilosophischer Skeptizist?
... Rescher’s reading of Second-Stage-Skepticism as well as his reasons for considering Kant to represent this version. My main claim in this part will be that there is no reading of the mentioned basic idea that makes Rescher’s view reasonable. In the third step, I introduce a newer form of metaphilosophical skepticism — “Third-Stage Skepticism” — and conjecture that this form can be seen as inspired by Kant’s thought on philosophical diversity. Finally, I point out a way to reject this newer ...
Population change and the settlement system transformation in Poland, as revealed by the 2021 census
... persist, the eastern voivodeships, the stronghold of the right-wing conservatives in power, may not only rapidly lose population but also face a reduction in the level of socioeconomic development.
Introduction
In the second and the beginning of the third decade of the 21st century, the population structure in Europe underwent significant changes. Many countries experienced a combination of positive net migration and natural population decline. The positive net migration was influenced by both legal ...
Estonian ‘Balticness’ as a social construct: meanings and contextual specifics
... article is composed of five sections. The first one is an introduction and literature review. The second one analyses in line with the research objective how the concept of the region evolved in academic discourse and how it is operationalised. The third section outlines the methodology of the study. The fourth one describes and interprets the findings obtained. The fifth section contains final conclusions.
The region: the evolution of the concept and the operationalisation of the notion
A possible ...
Small towns of Latvia: disparities in regional and urban development
... These towns can manufacture specialised goods and provide specialised services, expanding off-season and all-season activities to employ as many economically active residents as possible [25].
Branches of companies from Riga, different EU states and third countries dominate in some of the towns. Individual traders, small-batch producers, human-scale farms, and car and appliance repair shops prevail in the other towns, along with public and municipal organisations. Local governments are important ...
Kant and His Heritage in Belarusian Philosophy of the Soviet and Post-Soviet Periods
.... Filosofiya I. Kanta [Philosophy of I. Kant]. Minsk: BSU, 2004. (In Rus.)
Rumyantseva, T. G., 2008. Nemeckaya transcendental’naya filosofiya (seredina ХVIII – pervaya tret’ ХIХ vv.) [German Transcendental Philosophy (Mid-18th – the First Third of the 19th Century)]. Minsk: BSU, 2008. (In Rus.)
Rumyantseva, T. G., Kazhemaks, A. A., 2008. Kant’s Transformation of the Philosophical Writing Style and Its Impact on the Subsequent Development of Western European Philosophy. Kantian Journal,...
Kant as the German Theorist of the French Revolution: the Origin of a Dogma
... Florensky). Then I look at how Marx’s phrase influenced Russian social democrats and specifically the Bolsheviks (G. V. Plekhanov, V. I. Lenin, V. M. Shulyatikov). I cite the example of the discussion triggered by a letter of Z. Ya. Beletsky concerning the third volume of The History of Philosophy (1943) to demonstrate the non-canonical status of Marx’s thesis on Kant and the French Revolution in the Soviet Union in the first half of the twentieth century. Finally, the first Soviet edition of Kant’s ...
Sustainable development of the city territorial capital: adaptive policy through the geography of knowledge
... “transitional” have significant publication experience. However, the insufficient average citation level and very few publications in high-ranking journals do not allow them to be attributed to the leading national scientific centres of the first group. The third type “below average” with the lowest values of all indicators is divided into three subtypes: the first group includes cities whose scientific groups publish a small number of articles with a high level; the second group brings together ...
Kantian Ethical Humanism in Late Imperial Russia
... Christian humanism lay in a commitment to justice and respect for all human beings. However, the arguably most historically significant Christian humanist in this era was Vladimir S. Solovyov, who went on to combine influences from Slavophilism and the third type of humanism, Kantian humanism. This third type of humanism professedly relied on reason alone, not metaphysical foundations. Solovyov, however, ultimately grounded his moral doctrine in a highly metaphysical all-unity, which he saw as Reason ...
Current Scenarios for the Demographic Future of the World: The Cases of Russia and Germany
... development. We consider demographic development both in a positive and negative sense. Our analysis rests on such theoretical structures as the general theory of population, the classical theory of demographic transition, the concepts of the ‘second’, ‘third’, and ‘fourth’ demographic transitions, and scenarios for the ‘Eurasian demographic development path’. We employ a range of methods from comparative demography as well as historical analogies, expert evaluations and demographic forecasts....
The motif of forgiveness in the Russian romantic poetry of the first third of the 19th century
This article considers works of two famous Russian poets of the first third of the 19th century. Both works depict the violation of the sixth commandment - ‘thou shalt not kill’. An axiological analysis of the plot and composition structure of both poems shows that the central problem is forgiving enemies – completely ...
Schliesslich will man ja Kunst schaffen. Daniel Kehlmanns humoristische Poetik («Finally, there is a need to create art»: Daniel Kehlmann’s humoristic poetics)
... Anstett und H. Eichner. Achtzehnter Band. Mün¬chen ; Paderborn ; Wien ; Zürich, 1963.
14. Schopenhauer A. Werke in fünf Bänden / Nach den Ausgaben letzter Hand herausgegeben von Ludger Lütkehaus. Zürich, 1988. Bd. 2.
15. Shaftesbury A. A. C., third Earl of. A Letter Concerning Enthusiasm to my Lord ***** // Shaftesbury A. A. C., third Earl of. Characteristics of Men, Manners, Opinions, Times / еd. by L. E. Klein. Cambridge University Press, 1999. S. 4—28.
16. Solger K. W. F. Erwin. Vier ...
The features of using manipulative techniques to influence public opinion (based on the materials of the US presidential campaign of 2012)
... Official website of NY Times. URL: http:// www.nytimes.com/interactive/2012/10/04/us/poli-tics/ 20120804-denver-presidential-debate-obama-romney.html?_r=1/?annotation=d91 950519 (дата обращения: 14.06.2013).
7. The transcript of the third presidential debate // Official website of NY Times. URL: http://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/22/us/politics/transcript-of-the-third-presidential-debate-in-boca-raton-fla.html?pagewanted=all (дата обращения: 14.06.2013).
Soskina S., Sur ...
The Works of Modern Russian Historians and the Historiography of Medieval Lithuania before and after the Red October
... Moscow, 139 p.
10. Krom, М. М. 2010, Mezh Rus'ju i Litvoj. Pogranichnye zemli v sisteme russko-litovskih otnoshenij konca HV — pervoj treti XVI [Between Rus and Lithuania. Frontier lands in the Russian-Lithuanian relations end XV — the first third of the XVI century], Moscow, 320 p.
11. Kudiy, G. N. 2012, Russkaja Atlantida. Velikoe knjazhestvo Litovskoe, Russkoe i Zhemojtskoe v istorii i russkoj gosudarstvennosti. Fakty, mify i razmyshlenija [Russian Atlantis. Grand Duchy of Lithuania, ...
Problems and prospects of EU — Russia dialogue on visa-free travel
... public/private cooperation in implementing the visa policy, Paper presented at the 21st Council of European Studies (Columbia University) conference in Amsterdam, 25—27 July 2013.
17. Council Regulation (EC) No 539/2001 of 15 March 2001 listing the third countries whose nationals must be in possession of visas when crossing the external borders and those whose nationals are exempt from that requirement, 2001, Official Journal, L 81, 21.3.2001.
18. Agreement between the European Union and the Federative ...
Models for countering the segregation of ethnoreligious immigrant areas in Denmark and Sweden
... and youth from families with foreign background in free schools. Whereas the Danish experience shows that the number of students from disadvantaged areas should not exceed 30 %.<48> At the same time, the level of education directly affects the third criterion — employment. The socio-economic segregation is related to the labour market. The unemployment and lack of education among large numbers of immigrants leads to the fourth criterion based on low levels of democratic participation in civil ...
Military and political cooperation between Germany and Lithuania in the late 2010s to early 2020s
... the First and Second World Wars, Lithuania’s territory (as part of the Russian Empire and later the USSR) became the target of offensive operations by the German army, leading to subsequent occupation. In May 1939, under intense pressure from the Third Reich, the Klaipeda (Memel) region was separated from the official possessions of Kaunas. In contrast, the USSR ensured the return of the Vilna region to Lithuania in the fall of 1939, which had been forcibly incorporated into Poland in 1920. Against ...
Sanctions risks and regional development: Russian case
... did not feel or assessed the impact as positive. At the same time, long-term consequences for these companies are associated with decreased access to new technologies and increased cost of technological re-equipment, which was observed in Iran [28].
Thirdly, it is necessary to assess the potentially negative impact of foreign companies exiting regional markets. Companies owned by legal entities and/or individuals from unfriendly countries [17],<10> as well as those who announced their complete ...
Confiscation Estonian style: legal and political aspects of potential seizure of Russian assets in EU countries
... competence in this area: Russian international reserves are held not within the EU but in specific member states.
The Union is based on the principle of conferral. Member states did not and could not delegate to the Union the authority to forcibly seize a third state’s sovereign property. Therefore, these issues fall within the competence of member states.
According to the Central Bank of Russia, as of the end of 2021, more than a quarter of all its assets in foreign currency and gold were held in three ...
Geopolitical regionalisation of the Baltic area: the essence and historical dynamics
... straits was confirmed by an international treaty in 1857.
Therefore, the principal function of the Baltic Sea as the core of the Baltic region is the possibility to link any coastal state or city with any other coastal state or city without crossing third territories. It is worth noting that Pyotr Semyonov-Tyan-Shansky distinguished among spatial forms of geopolitical systems a circular or Mediterranean one [19]. In the Baltic, attempts to implement this form were made by Denmark, Sweden and,...
Evangelical Lutheran church of Denmark: socio-economic and territorial-organisational aspects
... shared responsibility between the Church and government agencies is civil registration. Since 2002, it has been carried out through the use of a unified national electronic system. The Church has the right to perform weddings, and approximately one third of all weddings in Denmark are legalized by the Church.
However, religious behaviour manifests most actively at funerals. Although there has been a slight increase in the popularity of funerals and burials led by non-religious organizations outside ...