The border as a barrier and an incentive for the structural economic transformation of the Kaliningrad exclave
... reinforce the barrier nature of borders by modifying visa requirements and customs regulations, thereby impeding the free movement of citizens, or even going as far as closing the border. Alternatively, state policy may involve the relaxation of border restrictions and the reallocation of border functions as a result of political integration, as witnessed in the case of the Schengen Area. Border adaptation is not the exclusive domain of the state: regional and local authorities, for example, may foster ...
The criminological and psychological profile of persons sentenced to restriction of freedom
This article is devoted to the investigation of forensic and psychological features of persons sentenced to restriction of liberty on the basis of a psychological and sociological analysis of persons sentenced to restriction of freedom registered at penal institutions of the Kaliningrad region. An analysis of the results of the study suggest that, during the ...
The adaptation of Russian regions’ economies to the rupture of relations with Europe: the case of Baltic Sea ports
... is also necessary to recall that Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland, which border Russia, have for many years shown themselves to be disloyal and unreliable transit countries for freight flows from and to Russia. These countries often introduced restrictions for Russian exporters and importers, inflated prices for the transportation of goods across their territory, created obstacles to the construction of transit transport infrastructure, and put forward various political demands. In particular,...
The spread of the COVID-19 infection in Russia’s Baltic macro-region: internal differences
... the rapid spread of Covid-19 along transport arteries, whilst, within the space of places, the coronavirus spreads through spatial diffusion from isolated foci along short radii. In the former case, local authorities counteracted spatial diffusion by restricting movement in the local labour market; in the latter, by limiting travel between the centre and the periphery. The traditional ideas about positive (openness, centrality) and negative (closedness, peripherality) characteristics of space are ...
COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: information campaign, media, society
The Covid-19 pandemic has been a serious challenge to the entire global community. Globally, countries were forced to introduce restrictive measures to contain the infection, inevitably causing popular discontent. Germany introduced some of the most painful restrictions. In times of crisis, timely and reliable information is a prerequisite for public motivation to comply with ...
The EU Vs. Russia: Legal Nature and Implementation of the Union’s Restrictive Measures
The author proposes his take on the EU sanctions against Russia. He aims to understand the legal nature of the EU restrictions, the exact procedure of their implementation, revision, and repeal, as well as their judicial review. To this end, he proposes a system of sanction classification, analyses current EU legislation on the imposition and implementation of sanctions,...
Reputation and status in Denmark’s strategic culture
... Danish military considerably influences the course of combat operations: Danish policymakers are well aware that the military contingents and resources they provide are too insignificant for this purpose. However, the Danish do not impose any additional restrictions and reservations, participating in combat in particularly hazardous areas and executing high-risk operational tasks.
In practice, this manifested itself in Denmark providing fighter aircraft and special forces for the Afghanistan operation ...
Expansionism in Poland’s strategic culture: historical retrospective and variations
... policy (hardpolitik)
To further analyze the situation in Poland, let us specify the ideal types of expansionist strategic culture:
— besieged fortress culture is rooted in the actor’s negative judgment of the external environment, the ambition to restrict unwanted processes and phenomena by increasing the cost of aggression and minor preventive operations (sorties, diversions, espionage) for any opponent, as well as in the aspiration to disorganise international relations as much as possible;
...
The effect of Covid-19 on labour migration in the CIS
... migrants working in the CIS. This article offers a comparative analysis, followed by synthesis, of the negative effects of the Covid-19 pandemic as seen through the prism of employment and the situation of migrant workers in the CIS. Another focus is the restriction and support measures and how they have affected migrants. A range of qualitative and quantitative data was collated on the situation of migrant workers during Covid-19 restriction in the Russian Federation and across the CIS. The findings ...
Legal regulation of activities in the Arctic in the context of sanctions
... Arctic. The fundamental documents on the joint projects with the European Union get analyzed in the context of the sanction factor. The paper focuses on changes in the legislative framework for Russian — EU joint activities, as well as relevant restrictions. The author concludes that the sanction factor is hardly affective as the main restrictions are imposed on the offshore oil production sector, which cannot yet be developed effectively due to its high cost. The considered measures do not ...
The Conjunction Functions of the Particle tolko: A Conjunction Particle vs a Conjunction Analogue
... and a conjunction conjunctive. The analysis of the functions of the lexeme tolko (without considering the temporal meanings) revealed an interesting pattern. The lexeme’s functional semantics of the connector stems from four potential meanings — restrictiveness, adversativeness, concessiveness, and resultativeness. The author identifies the following variants of the lexeme tolko — an adversative- restrictive conjunction particle, an adversative-concessive conjunction analogue, a concessive- ...
Priorities for the development of manufacturing industries in the Kaliningrad region
... the region and the main part of the country have been significantly complicated. Manufacturing industries have faced disruptions in the supply of essential foreign-made semi-finished products. The exports of several regionally-produced goods have been restricted, and transit through the Baltic States has become more difficult. This article aims to assess the impact of these restrictions on the development of manufacturing industries in the region. Another goal is to provide a rationale for the restructuring ...
Knowledge and innovation dynamics of the Northwest Russia under geopolitical changes
... unfriendly countries (see Russian Federation Government Directive № 430-r of 5 March 2022). They prohibited the export of a wide range of goods and technologies to Russia, suspended software sales and maintenance and technical support services, and restricted access to various online resources and digital systems. The ‘cancel culture’ targeting Russia has diminished its opportunities for international research collaboration.
The rupture of scientific and technological ties exacerbated the problem ...
Three Russian Baltic regions in the context of confrontation between Russia and the West
... the majority of European companies and economies. In this context, the significance for business and the economy lies not only in the eventual conclusion of the special military operation in Ukraine but also in determining which trade and financial restrictions on Russia can be lifted and when [20].
There is a viewpoint that in the global context, the current conflict between Russia and the West is driven by the rise of radical left-liberal elites in the West, while Russia, in this situation, seeks ...
The geopolitical effect of the maritime factor on the spatial development of post-Soviet Russia: the Baltic case
... methods, my analysis demonstrates that the economies of coastal municipalities comprising disparate maritime hubs responded differently to the turbulent events of 2014 and 2015 (Table 3). The same diversity in reaction was observed during the COVID-19 restriction and the situational degradation of global markets crucial for Russian exports.
Dynamics of taxable income of individuals and individual entrepreneurs in selected key municipalities of Russia’s maritime hubs, million roubles
Municipality
...
Information and propaganda strategies in German non-state media discourse during the COVID-19 pandemic
... outreach, supporting the Government’s biopolitical programme whilst prioritising their own interests. It can be concluded that the strategies chosen by the non-state media outlets instilled a sense of confidence, prompting the public to comply with the restrictions and measures consistent with the biopolitical agenda of the state.
In recent years, particularly since the onset of COVID-19, the principles of crisis communication have gained heightened importance. Government communication with the ...
Developing geotourism with a focus on geoheritage in a transboundary region: the case of the Curonian Spit, a UNESCO site
Recreation in protected areas (PAs) has received special attention amid international travel restrictions. The conflict between the conservation and economic use of these territories is increasing. This work aims to find ways to optimise and modernise environmental outreach and recreation in national parks as a type of PAs. Geotourism is viewed ...
Evaluating the efficiency of the research sector in Russian regions: a dynamic data envelopment analysis
... from a set n. The expression of the objective function differs from the first group of constraints (n each) only in that the index j replaces the index k, where j = 1, 2, ..., n. This means that we have to solve a separate problem form each k, with the restriction imposed that the efficiency of no object from the group can exceed one.<2>
Finally, there is the second group of n × T constraints. The expression for it differs from that for the previous one in that it lacks external summation over ...
The impact of the food embargo on consumer preferences and cross-border practices in the Kaliningrad region
The Russian food market has been a fascinating subject for researchers investigating food security risks and ways to mitigate them since the embargo was imposed in 2014. The Kaliningrad region, an exclave of Russia, responded more sensitively to the restrictions than any other territory of the country due to the heavy dependence of its food market on imported finished products and raw materials, as well as the transit from Russia via third countries. This study aims to explore how the consumer preferences ...
Comparative analysis of the territorial support frame of settlement in coastal areas: the case of St. Petersburg and Kaliningrad regions
... cities devour landscapes, literally spreading over hundreds of square miles in all directions [11]. Although natural limitations do exist, there is some debate in the literature whether it is possible ‘to prod an agglomeration whose growth is not restricted by the sea or mountains into a better, desired direction’ [12, p. 19]. Further questions that require investigation include how this can be achieved without turning the entire area into a continuous urban sprawl and how spillover effects ...
France’s strategy in the Baltic region: military and political aspects
... operation in Ukraine in 2022, it was in the Baltic that several crisis events and shifts indicating the deepening of the ‘cool war’ occurred [2]: the start of Sweden and Finland’s accession to NATO, the attempts by the Lithuanian leadership to restrict transit to the Kaliningrad region, the leaks on the Nord Stream pipelines and others. As indicated in the Russian Maritime Doctrine, at the Atlantic theatre, NATO continues a “direct confrontation with the Russian Federation and its allies”,...
Geopolitical Security of Russia: Remarks on the Problem Statement
... approved by the President in the summer of 2021. Interestingly, current Russian legislation identifies defence as the armed protection of the Russian Federation, and the integrity and inviolability of its territory.<4> Such an approach inevitably restricts both the perception of Russia’s geopolitical space and measures aimed at ensuring its security.
In this regard, it is appropriate to refer to the understanding of the political space as a value-ideological one, which is characteristic of ...
Changes in the structure and geography of tourist flows during the COVID-19 pandemic
Tourism suffered more than many other sectors amid Covid-19 travel restrictions. This article looks at the impact of the pandemic on the territorial redistribution of tourist flows in the Baltic region. The study draws on regional annual and monthly data on international and domestic tourist arrivals between 2019 and ...
Territorial structure of inbound and domestic tourism in the Baltic States
... tightened on the part of the Baltic States and Baltic transit to the Schengen area denied to Russian citizens, the semi-periphery and periphery sharing a border with Russia and Belarus no longer serve a prominent role as transit territories. If these restrictions persist, structural changes in the travel geography of the Baltic States will take place, with the countries becoming even more closely integrated into the Western European travel market; existing tourism products will be adjusted to meet ...
Cultural heritage protection in Russia and Germany: challenges and solutions
... the legal framework of these states in this field. The study compares the laws and provides concrete examples of the legal framework. Particular attention is paid to public-private partnerships. It has been revealed that Russian legislation is more restrictive in terms of protection of cultural heritage, while the legal provisions and their practical application have stimulated the development of public-private partnerships (PPP) in Germany, which in turn has helped to preserve and put into modern ...
Cross-border tourist mobility as seen by residents of the Karelian borderlands: COVID-19 restrictions
This article offers a new approach to evaluating the significance of cross-border tourism for residents of the border region of Karelia amid COVID-19 restrictions. The work draws on data of a municipal-level survey of the region’s population (575 people), conducted by the author in collaboration with Dr Ekaterina Shlapeko in 2021. Analysis of the survey results has confirmed the customariness of ...
Internet diffusion and interregional digital divide in Russia: trends, factors, and the influence of the pandemic
... differences between regions, requiring a regional decomposition of the national goal. This requires a deeper analysis of the underlying factors of Internet diffusion.
In 2022, amid breaking global production chains, worsening trade relations and other restrictions, the role of digital technologies is increasing in Russia. Online stores (for example, Ozon, Wildberries, Yandex.Market, etc.) have become more popular, providing the import of goods (including parallel imports) and their delivery throughout ...
The economy of Russian Baltic regions: development level and dynamics, structure and international trade partners
... those employed in St. Petersburg; 5.3 %, in the Leningrad region; 3.3 %, in the Kaliningrad region (the national average is 4.4 %).
The development of the manufacturing industries of the three regions heavily depends on external factors. Despite the restrictive pressure from Western countries, St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region, as well as the country as a whole, managed to achieve growth in production between 2014 and 2021. In the Kaliningrad region, which experienced the greatest external ...
Changes in the recreational and tourist load on the eco-system in the conditions of COVID-19
... in the number of tourists visiting the region from other regions of Russia. The main purpose of the study was to analyze the dynamics of domestic tourism in the Kaliningrad region for the period from June to August 2020. It was found that despite the restrictions that arose during the COVID-19 pandemic, the domestic tourist flow has almost completely replaced the external tourism. The main conclusion of the work is the unpreparedness of individual elements of the tourist infrastructure for a sharply ...
Between the Eurasian and European subsystems: migration and migration policy in the CIS and Baltic Countries in the 1990s—2020s
..., M.-L., Natter, K., Vezzoli, S., Villares-Va-rela, M. 2019, International Migration: Trends, Determinants, and Policy Effects, Population and Development Review, vol. 45, № 4, p. 885—922.
20. De Haas, H., Natter, K., & Vezzoli, S. 2018, Growing restrictiveness or changing selection? The nature and evolution of migration policies. The International Migration Review, vol. 52, № 2, р. 324—367.
https://doi.org/10.1111/imre.12288
.
21. Malinovskaya, E. A. 2013, Vneshnie migratsii naselenia ...
Immigration policy and integration of migrants in the Kingdom of Denmark at the beginning of the XXI century
... citizens are concerned but erects barriers for migrants of a different cultural background who might threaten the security of the national community. The Danish tradition of liberalism, humanism and the welfare state coexists with one of Europe’s most restrictive policies towards third-country immigrants. The article traces the evolution of management approaches to developing the immigration policy and integrating foreign cultural migrants in Denmark. It describes the value determinants of these changes....
Development of e-justice during the COVID-19 pandemic
... but also the ineffectiveness of some rhetoric and psychological techniques, the question is raised about the feasibility of developing forensic psychology and rhetoric for online meetings.
Ivanov V. V., Serzhantova L. A.
video conferencing, restrictive measures, online court session, access to justice, fair trial, electronic court proceedings
13-20
The potential of natural and economic ecosystem accounting to support the management of coastal and marine territories on the example of the Kaliningrad region
... Federation, in particular, SDG 14 “Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development”). The region is also highly integrated into various international relations and market interactions, exposed to external restrictions and regulations, primarily within the European Union and the Baltic Sea region. The methodology and the data analysis of the main accounts for the shelf sea of the Kaliningrad region was based on the principles and approaches of the international ...
Kant in the Time of COVID
... Medicine. 382(18), pp. 1-3.
Ross, W. D., 2002. The Right and the Good. Edited by P. Stratton-Lake. Oxford: Clarendon.
Singer, P., 1972. Famine, Affluence, and Morality. Philosophy & Public Affairs, 1(3), pp. 229-243.
Smart, J. J. C., 1956. Extreme and Restricted Utilitarianism. Philosophical Quarterly, 6(25), pp. 344—354.
Thomson, J. J., 1985. The Trolley Problem. Yale Law Journal, 94(6), pp. 1395-1415.
Vergano, M., Bertolini, G., Giannini, A. et al., 2020. Clinical Ethics Recommendations for the ...
Ethnography in Translation Studies: an object and a research methodology
... Ethnographic Research Methods and their Relevance for Translation Process Research.
Across Languages and Cultures,
12 (1), pp. 1—18.
Hymes, D., ed., 1999.
Reinventing Anthropology
. New York: Pantheon Books.
Jaquemet, M., 2005. The Registration Interview. Restricting Refugees’ Narrative Performances. In: M. Baynham and A. de Fina, eds.
Dislocations/Relocations. Narratives of displacement.
Manchester: St Jerome, pp. 197—220.
Koskinen, K., 2008.
Translating Institutions.
Manchester: St Jerome.
Laplantine,...
Disease control and border lockdown at the EU’s internal borders during Covid-19 pandemic: the case of Finland
... EU’s internal borders during the Covid-19 pandemic in Finland. Special attention is paid to bordering as a means of disease control and the governments’ aim to “protect the population and secure functions of society”. Not only did the government restrict flights and ‘non-essential’ travel from non-Schengen countries such as Russia, China and Thailand but, with some exceptions, it also restricted travel-to-work commuting and everyday cross-border encounters between Finland and its Schengen ...
Work-life balance during the Covid-19 outbreak: the case of Latvia
This paper aims to shed light on work-life balance in Latvia during the state of emergency. The Covid-19 outbreak has led many governments to introduce lockdowns. While imposed restrictions may help to contain the spread of the virus, they may also result in substantial damage to population well-being. The Covid-19 outbreak in Latvia demonstrates the extent and ways in which socio-demographics factors have determined different ...
Geographical structure and dynamics of foreign trade relations of the Republic of Crimea with the border countries and economic security issues
... Greater Black Sea region. The article describes the specifics of exports and imports commodity structure with core partner countries. It is revealed that large-scale changes in the foreign trade of the Republic of Crimea were influenced by external restrictions (sanctions and blockades) and the process of reorientation of Crimean enterprises to domestic commodity markets. Foreign trade is concluded to be the least stable segment of the Crimean economy.
Volkhin D. A.
border region, foreign ...
Vernunft und Glaube. Zu Kants Deduktion der Gnadenlehre
... rational claims. The justification of the claim of practical reason that faith is a necessary precondition of one‘s moral conduct has now to be understood as complementary to the result of the transcendental deduction of the categories, namely the restriction of theoretical reason to the sensible world. Faith in God’s grace does not represent objective knowledge. As transcending objective knowledge, however, faith refers to the theoretically inexplicable awareness of moral obligation, and with ...
Russian soft power in the Baltic States through the lens of research: traditions, competition, confrontation
... which is considered as hard power, and to compare the theses that dominate this discourse with the actual interactions between Russia and the three states in media, education, and culture. Each Baltic country has built a system of political and legal restrictions to diminish the effect of Russian soft power, which is considered in terms of hard power, i.e. as a threat to national security. The current forms of Russian soft power are becoming less productive in the region and their use in the negative ...
Environmental intensity of economic growth in the Baltic Sea region
National economic development is subject to a number of restrictions. One of the main constraints is the threat of complete exhaustion of non-renewable resources and environmental pollution exceeding the capacity of the planet. However, the rapid spread of resource-saving technologies is reducing the environmental ...
The current state and problems of fishing industry development in the coastal regions of the Russian Federation
The study discusses the key current problems and parameters of the modern fishing industry in Russia. Given the EU and US restrictive measures towards Russia and reciprocal food import restrictions by our country, the condition of the domestic fishing industry is of particular interest. The article analyzes the quantitative parameters of the industry, identifies key leading ...
The subjects of legal monitoring of Justice of the Peace
... the category under investigation is a feature (property) of the subject of law, represents the exercise of subjective rights by his will and in his interest in accordance with legal norms, criteria for the lawfulness of the implementation of actions, restrictions. Manifestations of positive legal responsibility should be sought not in specific legal norms, but in the legislatively established valuation categories. Evaluation categories act as a measure of discretion in the exercise of subjective rights,...
Kant’s family ethics and philosophy of love. Part 2. Critique of Judgement
... with pleasure in matters of beauty, free from any interest, and without the mediation of concepts — appears to be the paramount condition for the possibility of a relationship between the sexes that is ‘compatible with morality’. This is not a restricting, but rather a liberating and affirming kind of satisfaction. Only the capability to see one another in the element of humanly beautiful, the capability to rejoice in one another in the beauty which gives birth to the culture of all faculties ...
Political Parties and the Information Policy of the Norwegian Broadcasting Company at the end of XX century
... Norwegian TV and Radio Company at the end of the twentieth century. The issues of overcoming the monopoly in the market of information services and its commercialization are considered. The author describes the main milestones of the political discussion on restricting market mechanisms of providing access to information.
1. Hagensen F.-O. Tollersrød, Tore. Da monopol ut språkk. Narmdio i Norge. Oslo, 1983.
2. NRK: Tall og fakta 1993. Oslo, 1994.
3. Om medieutvikling og nye kringkastingsfbrmer // Stats ...
On the relations between the integrable hierarchies
... Шлезингера для уравнений Дэви — Стюартсона // ТМФ. 1996. Т. 109, № 3. С. 338—346.
12. Yurov A. V. BLP dissipative structures in plane // Phys. Lett. A. 1999. Vol. 262. P. 445–452.
13. Leble S. B., Yurov A. V. Reduction Restrictions of Darboux and Laplace Transformations for the Goursat Equation // Journal of Mathematical Physics. 2002. Vol. 43, № 2. P. 1095–1105.
14. Yurov V. A., Yurov A. V. The Cauchy problem for the generalized hyperbolic Novikov-Veselov equation....