Who is Rationalising? On an Overlooked Problem for Kant’s Moral Psychology and Method of Ethics
... plays a crucial role for Kant’s moral psychology and his conception of the functions of critical practical philosophy. The main problem I see with Kant’s conception is that there are no theory-independent criteria to determine whether an exercise of rational capacities constitutes rationalising. Kant believes that rationalising is wide-spread and he charges the popular philosophers and other ethical theorists with rationalising. Yet, his opponents could, in turn, charge him with rationalising and ...
The Embodied Practical Ideal: Kant’s Ethicotheology and Godmanhood
... question about the conditions that make actual experience possible: the ideal of holiness resides in reason, i. e. in the human being, but the dominance of radical evil over the human will puts it out of human reach either in thought or in practice. For rational thought it is more natural to imagine the practical reality of the archetype as the embodiment of the authentic man proceeding from God. Using the Gospel narrative about Jesus, Kant interprets the human nature of the archetype in the light of ...
Contemporary threats to the growth of rationality in the Russian society
This article considers the conflicting conditions of growth of rationality in the modern Russian society, identifies threats relating to the key trends in world community development, Russian science and education, and personality transformations.
1. Андреев А. Л. Общество и образование: ...
Why Kant’s “Ethical State” Might Prove Instrumental in Challenging Current Social Pathologies
... Metaphysics of Morals. In: I. Kant, 1996. Practical Philosophy. Translated and edited by M. Gregor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 363-602.
Kant, I., 1996e. What Does It Mean to Orient Oneself in Thinking? In: I. Kant, 1996. Religion and Rational Theology. Edited by A. W. Wood and G. di Giovanni. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 7-18.
Kant, I., 1996f. Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason. Translated by G. di Giovanni. In: I. Kant, 1996. Religion and Rational Theology....
Kantian Rationality in the Philosophy of Science. Report of the First Conference of the Kantian Rationality Lab.
The international conference “Kantian Rationality in Philosophy of Science” was held on 9–11 October 2020 at the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University (IKBFU) in Kaliningrad. Fifteen participants from different countries discussed aspects of the Kantian understanding of science and ...
The role of logic and the study of rationality within N. O. Lossky’s ideal-realistic concept
... author shows that it is determined by the ideal-realistic position of the thinker. “Intuitionistic” logic is presented as a philosophical interpretation of traditional logic in the framework of ideal-realistic teaching. N. O. Lossky relates the rationality of thinking to logic. The article reconstructs certain features of rationality in N. O. Lossky’s philosophical-logical concept.
1. Ермичев А. А., Никулин А. Г. А. И. Введенский и Н. О. Лосский: критицизм ...
The conflict between the types of theoretical and practical rationality in Russian philosophy and science of the 19th century
This article analyses the formation of a new type of rationality in N. Lobachevsky's works. The author identifies the reasons for hostility against the new theory of outstanding Russian mathematicians and pays special attention to the development of rationality in Russian philosophical thought of the 19th ...
Education in the context of the problem of rationality
This article considers rationality of practical activity as one of the criteria of development of society. The author analyses the efficiency of education as a social institution in this context. Education distinguishes between training and upbringing and emphasises the need ...
Rationality of acting and philosophical education
This article analyses the axiological features of the phenomenon of rationality of acting in the framework of social-philosophical and cultural discourse. The author identifies the functions of philosophical education in the conditions of system crisis of modern civilization. Philosophical education is considered as a ...
The development of philosophical education and the problem of rationality
This article considers the connection between the phenomenon of philosophical education and the problem of rationality in the framework of socialphilosophical discourse. The author examines the process of development of philosophical education institution as a means to transmit the basic values of classical European rationality. The role of philosophical education ...
The Philosophy of Vasily Sesemann and Marburg Neo-Kantianism
... is interested in the Neo-Kantian aspiration to achieve a systematic unity of knowledge. The concept of one of the editors of the Russian version of the Logos international philosophical journal under¬goes a transformation from irrationality to the rationality of a higher order. The concept of irration¬ality is defined by the Russian thinker through the inexhaustible set of problems ‘ensuring’ eternal and continuous progress of objective cognition. According to Sesemann, the opposite of a rational,...
Pure and Impure Philosophy in Kant’s Metaphilosophy
... order to be able to address this third project, we shall also need to examine the other two projects in detail.) My plan is as follows. First, I discuss four main areas of pure vs. impure philosophy: (i) ‘pure logic’ vs. ‘applied logic’; (ii) ‘rational psychology’ vs. ‘empirical psychology’; (iii) ‘pure metaphysics of nature’ vs. ‘physics’ and (iv) ‘pure morality’ or a ‘metaphysics of morals’ vs. ‘moral anthropology’, ‘practical anthropology’ or ‘applied moral ...
The Role of the Sublime in Kant’s Religion: Moral Motivation and Empirical Possibility
... I., 1992. The Jäsche Logic. In: I. Kant, 1992. Lectures on Logic. Translated and edited by J. Young. Cambrige: Cambridge University Press, pp. 521-641.
Kant, I., 1996a. Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason. In: I. Kant, 1996. Religion and Rational Theology. Translated and edited by A. W. Wood and G. di Giovanni. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 39-216.
Kant, I., 1996b. The Conflict of the Faculties. In: I. Kant, 1996. Religion and Rational Theology. Translated and edited by A....
The economic problems of rational management of vital resources in regional enterprises
This article addresses the issues of rational resource management as the priority areas of modern Russian public policy. The study focuses on vital resources and the identification and optimization of losses associated with such resources. The authors propose a system of indicators for assessing ...
Rationality criteria of technical item multifunction degree in equipment park
Criteria of rationality of degree of multifunctionality of the technical park providing functioning of park of equipment are offered. Criteria are developed taking into account features of functioning of system of higher level of hierarchy, than the system providing ...
The synergetics and rationality of modern Russian society
This article analyses the features of the modern Russian society from the perspective of synergetic concept of social development. The author maintains that the type of rationality formed by synergetics can become the basis for practical activities in the 21st century Russia thus contributing to the solutions to acute socioeconomic problems.
1. Гэлбрейт Д. Новое индустриальное общество....
Formal Languages and Automata VI:-algebraic systems and transducers
... continuous starsemiring-omegasemimodule pairs. We dene !-algebraic systems and characterize their solutions
of order k by behaviors of algebraic nite automata. These solutions are then set in correspondence to !-context-free languages. Then we introduce rational and algebraic transducers, and abstract !-families of power series over quemirings and prove that rational and algebraic power series of nite and innite words constitute such abstract !-families of power series.
6. Berstel J. Transductions ...
Between Kant and Trendelenburg: On the Genealogy of Kudryavtsev-Platonov’s Theory of Cognition
... pp. 58-64. (In Rus.)
Kudryavtsev-Platonov, V. D., 1854—1874. Analitika chuvstvennogo poznaniya. Analitika rassudochnogo poznaniya. Analitika umstvennogo poznaniya. Kurs lekcij 1854, 1856, 1874 gg. [The Analysis of Sensual Cognition. The Analysis of Rational Cognition. The Analysis of Mental Cognition. A Course of Lectures in 1854, 1856, 1874]. In: Russian State Library, Manuscript Department. F. 824, B. 4, № 3. (In Rus.)
Kudryavtsev-Platonov, V. D., 1858. Iz istorii Novoj filosofii. Lekcii 1858 ...
Reclaiming the “Cultural Mandate”: The Idea of Sustainable Development in the Kantian Perspective
.... De Gruchy. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press.
Chernov, S. A. and Shevchenko, I. V., 2010. Fridrikh Yakobi: vera, chuvstvo, razum [Friedrich Jacobi: Faith, Sense, Reason]. Moscow: Progress-Traditsiya. (In Rus.)
Crowe, B., 2023. Jacobi and Philosophy: Rationalism and Skepticism. In: A. J. B. Hampton, ed. 2023. Friedrich Jacobi and the End of the Enlightenment: Religion, Philosophy, and Reason at the Crux of Modernity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 9-33.
Descartes, R., 1985. Discourse on ...
Why Study Kant? Framing the Problem
In its 2018 publication, Come On! the Club of Rome advocates the need for a New Enlightenment. It associates Kant with an Old Enlightenment that favours (i) individualism, (ii) rationalism and in general (iii) a lack of balance between different elements such as reason and feelings. In this discussion note, I argue — based on Kant’s theoretical as well as practical philosophies — that the charges are not properly levelled ...
Efficiency analysis of seaports in Russia’s Baltic basin: performance evaluation
... secondary element of management, which, in our opinion, is a misconception. On the contrary, regular monitoring and evaluation of transport and logistics activities are essential [3]. Experts [4], [5] suggest that a high level of analysis accuracy promotes rational resource management and enables timely corrective actions.
The study of both domestic and foreign literature, including the examples provided in these sources [3], [6], has led to the recognition of the significant scientific and practical interest ...
Idyll, history, rationality: city images in “Real Journey to Germany in 1835” by Nikolay Gretsch
... to have frozen in the Middle Ages. In contrast to Lübeck, the city of Hamburg is depicted as a large, contemporary, and dynamic city — in other words, as a modern type of idyll. Moreover, its orderliness goes beyond the idyll and is defined by the rational organisation of space, which is characterised by heterogeneity. Firstly, the idyllic subloci are distinguished, where the key role belongs to the demi-natural images of the garden, the park and the promenade. Secondly, the utilitarian-rational ...
Trägheit und Raum: Kant und Euler
Kant’s natural philosophy in the Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science is heavily influenced by Newton’s Principia. However, a closer look makes it clear that Kant’s project has also been influenced by other thinkers. One of these thinkers is Leonard Euler. His work was of great influence for Kant, not only with regards to his view on space and inertia but on the relation between metaphysics and natural science in general. Even though Euler’s Physics built on Newton’s work, he differs...
Watershed or Cul-de-Sac? Disputes in the Theological Reception of Kant’s Philosophy
Kant’s turn to the subject has changed the epistemological conditions for theology. Four intellectual backgrounds of objections are examined: an Aristotelian and Thomistic teleological order of nature (1); Augustinianism based on original sin in which human agency is completely attributed to God’s grace (2); a Hegelian critique of the deontological conception of an “unconditional ought” which also puts Kant’s postulate of the existence of God into question (3); the combination in Radical...
What is Kantian Philosophy of Mathematics? An Overview of Contemporary Studies
... Mathematics: What Theory of What Mathematics? In: C. J. Posy and O. Rechter, ed. 2020. Kant’s Philosophy of Mathematics; Volume I: The Critical Philosophy and Its Roots. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 85-102.
Hogan D., 2009. Three Kinds of Rationalism and the Non-Spatiality of Things in Themselves. Journal of the History of Philosophy, 47(3), pp. 355-382.
Hogan D., 2013. Metaphysical Motives of Kant’s Analytic — Synthetic Distinction. Journal of the History of Philosophy, 51(2), pp....
Transzendentalphilosophie als kritische Bestimmung des Standpunkts. Eine wissenschaftstheoretische Annäherung
... understanding, which are directed towards the field of possible experience and provide a connection of cognition through reasons and consequences, as well as the regulative principles of reason, which form maxims of research, astronomy is a proper and rational natural science. The analysis of the case studies of astronomy shows that Kant uses the term transcendental within the framework of the “Transcendental Logic” of the Critique of Pure Reason to denote conditions that are constitutive for the ...
Kant on Human Dignity: Autonomy, Humanity, and Human Rights
This paper explores the new frontier within Kantian scholarship which suggests that Kant places so much special importance on the value of rational nature that the supreme principle of morality and the concept of human dignity are both grounded on it. Advocates of this reading argue that the notion of autonomy and dignity should now be considered as the central claim of Kant’s ethics, ...
Is Spinoza’s Ethics Heteronomous in the Kantian Sense of the Term?
... Spinoza’s thought that make every heteronomous interpretation of his practical philosophy extremely unlikely. These are i) identification of moral value in the quality of an agent’s law-oriented motivation, ii) distinction between human nature as rational and affective, ascribing different sets of laws to each, iii) endowment of reason with moral content, iv) recognition of the non-subjective notion of goodness. Added to this is my discussion of freedom and necessity in Kant and Spinoza in which ...
Kant als Mystiker? Zur These von Carl Arnold Wilmans’ dissertatio philosophica
Carl Arnold Wilmans received his degree of doctor in philosophy in Halle in 1797 for a bold thesis. He claimed a latent similarity between Kant’s enlightened philosophy of religion and the pure mysticism of some so-called separatists — and sent his work to Kant. The fact that and how the latter reacted to it, makes the matter all the more interesting. Could Kant have been a secret mystic? The following study attempts to give a differentiated presentation of Kant’s intellectual relationship...
OPOIAZ and Bakhtin: the Decision Science’s perspective
Decision science is a relatively new discipline: the product of a cross-pollination among mathematics, psychology, economy and a few other branches of knowledge. It studies how humans make their choices and purports to provide a “rational framework for choosing between alternative courses of action when the consequences resulting from this choice are imperfectly known.” In and of itself decision science is a vast field of intersecting theories and methodologies that I will ...
Anthropological foundations of John Rawls' political theory
... attempt to attach broader and deeper Kantian philosophical foundations to “ratonal egoist” of classical utilitarianism (idea of autonomy, ability of self-determination through moral law); on the other hand, the notion of “life plan”, emphasizing rationality of human interests and actions and opening a possibility for happiness, connects Rawls’ theory to Aristotle’s virtue ethics and to contemporary communitarianism.
1. Васильев В. В. Неуловимая свобода: проблема ...
Analytic philosophy: a historico-critical survey
... L. : Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1971.
32. The Philosophy of Georg Henrik von Wright / ed. by Hahn L. and Schilpp P. A. // The Library of Living Philosophers. Chicago, 1989.
33. Cultural Relativism and Philosophy / ed. by Dascal M. Leiden, 1991.
34. Rationality and Relativism / ed. by Hollis M. and Lukes S. Oxford, 1982.
35. The Revolution in Philosophy / ed. by Ayer A. J. [et al.] With an Introduction by Ryle G. L., 1956.
36. Der Wiener Kreis der wissenschaftlichen Weltauffassung. Herausgegeben ...
John Rawls’ interpretation of categorical imperative in “Theory of Justice”
John Rawls’s interpretation of Kant’s categorical imperative is reviewed, some significant aspects of Rawls’ treatment of key notions of rationality, interests and ends are revealed, which limit the possibilities of application of Kantian ethics within Rawls’ liberal egalitarianism.
1. Калинников Л. А. Категорический императив и телеологический ...
The pedagogical aspect of irrational borrower behaviour
Irrational borrower behaviour is considered as failure to develop competencies set out in the federal requirements for non-economic professional education. The authors describe the structure of preparedness for rational borrower behaviour as part of the cognitive, socio-affective, and hortatory components and of the practical borrowing experience. The article presents the results of an empirical study into the common types of irrational borrower behaviour and ...
Introducing Sectoral Models into Regional Management: An Assessment of Regulatory Impacts on the Economy
Regardless of the geography of regions, management at the regional level, both in Russia and the Baltic Sea countries, faces many challenges. Hence, it is necessary to search for new effective economic management tools, since traditional approaches and modeling practices at the regional level are not suitable for either analysing various types of impact on regional economy (production, market (product), sector, region), or assessment of their consequences and identification of the necessary measures...
The significance of the critique of A. I. Vvedensky’s ‘new psychophysiological law’ for Russian philosophy
... Using the tools of criticism, the Russian philosopher identified the metaphysical origins in scientific knowledge in order to eliminate them, although preserving the particular critical field of metaphysics dealing with issues transcending the available rational knowledge. Such an approach to the role of metaphysics, as well as demarcation of the border between philosophy and psychology amid the need for coherent knowledge provoked sharp criticism. The author describes Vvednesky’s position, which can ...
Entrepreneur’s trust in banks in terms of behavioural economics
This article considers the issues of trust in banks in terms of the rationality of clients’ behavior and behavioural economy. The author’s empirical study of 370 owners of small and microfirms located in the Warmian-Masurian voivodeship suggests that approximately 69 % of the respondents prefer the services of Polish ...
Wittgenstein’s followers vs Habermas: A solution to I. Berlin’s dilemma
... The Common Mind: An Essay on Psychology, Society and Politics. N. Y., 1996.
10. Pettit P. Republicanism: A Theory of Freedom and Government. Oxford, 1997.
Granovskaya O. L.
history of 20th century political philosophy, value pluralism, social rationality, communicative rationality, I. Berlin, L. Wittgenstein, J. Habermas
62-69
Inter-organizational networks as seen by western economic sociology: An analysis of theoretical approaches
... capital // Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education. N. Y., 1986. P. 241—258.
4. Coleman J. Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital // American Journal of Sociology. 1988. Supplement. Vol. 94. P. 95—120.
5. Coleman J. Rational Action, Social Networks and the Emergence of Norms // Structures of Power and Constraint. N. Y., 1990. P. 91—112.
6. Davern M. Social Networks and Economic Sociology: A Proposed Research Agenda for a More Complete Social Science // American ...
Professional universality of linguists: providing a rationale of the concept
This paper sets out to examine professional universality as an intrinsic essential characteristic of a linguist, a thorough consideration of which provides a rationale of the expedience and necessity of the importance of professional universality for promoting a better competitiveness and professional development in contemporary system of professional education.
1.
Ермолаева М.
В.
Субъектный подход в психологии развития взрослого человека...
Kantian ethos in J. Rawls’s political philosophy
... reason; the content of "political justice" can be an object of construction; construction presupposes the use of practical rather than pure reason; moral philosophy requires a complex concept of a person; the function of moral philosophy is the rational defense of reasonable faith. The main differences between Kant’s and Rawls’s include the understanding of practical reason; the concept of a person based on fundamental ideas originating from different sources (political culture in Rawls’s ...
The teaching on postulates in Kant’s lectures on philosophical theory of religion
“Lectures on Poelitz’s philosophical theory of religion” are one of the four surviving manuscripts of Kant’s lectures on rational theology. The Lectures include an introduction, two parts, and an appendix. The introduction contains an overview of the basic questions and problems of rational theology, namely: the concept of theology, arts of natural theology, the idea of ...
From Marburg to Odessa: A contribution to a scientific bio-graphy of S. L. Rubinstein
This article reconstructs certain episodes of the early intellectual biography (1889—1960) of S. L. Rubinstein — a Russian Neo-Kantian, philosopher, and psychologist — and presents the fol-lowing archive documents: the letter of Martha Cohen (1918), the widow of the German neo-Kantian Hermann Cohen, S. L. Rubinstein’s teacher; two Rubinstein’s autobiographies of the early 1920s; a review of Rubinstein’s thesis, which was supervised by H. Cohen and P. Natorp and de-fended at Marburg University...
Kant and medicine
... philosopher’s manuscripts, the article focuses on Erhard’s writings. As Erhard emphasizes, medical theory lacks a foundation necessary for a contemporary science. It has neither a clear concept of its object — a human being and their diseases, nor a rationally justified method, nor reliable treatment techniques. With the help of Kant’s theory of teleology in nature and based on the system of medi¬cine developed by the Scottish physician John Brown, Erhard attempted to formulate such foundations ...
Kant between liberalism and conservatism
... Thought of Immanuel Kant and Edmund Burke // The Journal of Religious Ethics. Vol. 36, № 3, Sep. 2008.
10. Louden, R. Kant's Human Being: Essays on His Theory of Human Nature. Oxford University Press, 2011.
11. Louden, R. Kant's Impure Ethics. From Rational Beings to Human Beings. Oxford University Press, 2000.
12. Seebom, Th. Kant’s Theory of Revolution // Social Research. Vol. 48, № 3 (Autumn, 1981). Р. 557—587.
liberalism, conservatism, political anthropology, Kant's «practical anthropology»....
Kistyakovsky on the nature of law
... neo-Kantian motive in Kistyakovsky's theory manifested itself in the reference to the normative nature of legal rules and law in general and its independence of any external authorities or internal motivations of human behavior. According to Kistyakovsky, the rational element of legal rules is their key characteristic. Not unlike concepts, law is created by reason, without which legal rules cannot be formulated. Legal rules are an expression of the normal (typical) human consciousness and behavior. However,...
The principle of sufficient reason in German philosophy of the Enlight-enment
In the 18th century, a philosophical dispute over the Principle of sufficient reason arose in Germany. Despite the fact that this Principe was explicitly formulated by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz only at the end of the 17th century, a major dispute about it was triggered by Christian Wolff who had considerable influence on the German philosophy of Enlightenment. In German Metaphysic, he presented the “strong” definition of the principle and its proof. As a result, freedom was restricted, because...
Maimon’s critique of I. Kant’s theory of analytic judge-ments
... 2003.
9. Maimon S. Versuch einer neuer Logik oder Theorie des Denkens. Tübingen, 2004.
10. Schechter O. The Logic of Speculative Philosophy and Skepticism in Maimon’s Philosophy: Satz der Bestimmbarkeit and the Role of Synthesis // Salomon Maimon: Rational Dogmatist, Empirical Skeptic. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003. P. 18—53.
analytic judgments, the determinable, determination, principle of contradiction, principle of determinability, real cognition, synthetic judgments, formal cognition
...
The groundwater monitoring in the Novgorod region in the system of regional nature management
... fundamental reorganization and further development at the contemporary scientific and technical level, since groundwater resource management is impossible without a quantitative forecast of groundwater condition and properties.From the perspective of rational Nature management, the leading ecological function of underground hydrosphere is carried out by fresh underground waters. Rational Nature management underlies the sustainable development of the Northwest region, which is economically viable for ...
The Problem of the Possibility of an Artificial Moral Agent in the Context of Kant’s Practical Philosophy
... discussion of a whole range of problems raised by Kant within the framework of practical philosophy that have not exhausted their heuristic potential to this day. First, I show the significance of the correlation between moral law and freedom. Since a rational being believes that his/her will is independent of external influences, the will turns out to be governed by the moral law and is autonomous. Morality and freedom are correlated through independence from the external. Accordingly, if the actions ...