The category of pity in «The Great Divorce» by C.S. Lewis and «The Lord of the Rings» by J.R.R. Tolkien
The article analyzes the main features of the category of pity in the texts of two inklings — C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien in the context of the ethical binary opposition of “good and evil”. This binary opposition is not randomly chosen: Lewis wrote “The Great Divorce” in order to refute the famous artistic idea of William Blake about a fruitful union or the marriage of Heaven and Hell, which personifies ...
. The Trotskyists in East Prussia: “history in shards”
... “Trotsky Archive” at the Harvard University’s Hogton Library, the German Federal Archives (Berlin) and the Russian State Archive of Social and Political History (Moscow), the article for the first time reconstructs the history of the United Left Opposition groups of the German Communist Party (Bolshevik-Leninists) in East Prussia in 1930-1933. The research highlights the figures of the Königsberg group, some of whom (e. g. Gustav Plep and Oskar Seipold) were active not only regionally, but also ...
The history of opposition between formal and dialectical logic in Russian philosophy
This article shows that the opposition between formal and dialectical logic first emerged within Hegel’s dialectical logic. The article shows that in the framework of the division of time into «now» and «not now», the incorrect formal logical description of dialectical opposition ...
Conceptual structure of the binary axiological opposition truth — lie
... always been a major area of interest in science. The development of cognitive linguistics has opened new perspectives for the study of axiological events, categories and concepts within them. This article explores the structure of the axiological binary opposition truth-lie, based on the material of the English language. In English, the verbalised concept truth encodes information about both objective truth as well as its subjective perception and re-translation. A combination of methods — definitional,...
Actualization of the dialectical unity of “Friend-foe” in the ideological attitudes of G. Radtke’s novel “Die Tätowierten”
... attitudes, which is especially pronounced in the professional sphere. The authors show that ideological differences in their abstract form are associated with visual and auditory images (photos and media). It is determined that the highest degree of opposition of “own” and “foreign” ideology is achieved when describing the state border of the GDR and the FRG. It is established that an equilibrium opposition of “friend-foe” is impossible without an equivalent criticism of one’s own ideological ...
The “illegal” branch of the Russian national patriotic opposition in the USSR: the case of the All-Russian Social-Christian Union for the Liberation of the People
... Union for the Liberation of the People, which operated in the Soviet Union in the 1960s. The author examines the ideological basis, program, composition, and structure of the Union and describes the role of the organization in Russian national-patriotic opposition in the USSR.
1. ВСХСОН : программа. Суд. В тюрьмах и лагерях. Париж, 1975.
2. ВСХСОН : материалы суда и программа. Франкфурт-на-Майне, 1976.
3. Бородин ...
Geopolitical regionalisation of the Baltic area: the essence and historical dynamics
... (historical-geographical, civilizational, physiographical, factual, economic, etc.). The relationship between these concepts is more nuanced: a legal framework may exist for a structure that has never been implemented or has been put on hold; the opposite scenario is also possible. Moreover, a historical-cultural region can be defined legally but still lacks a governing body (see [5, p. 67, 71]).
Region-building relations allow dividing regions into two opposing categories:
1) regions of cooperation ...
Models for countering the segregation of ethnoreligious immigrant areas in Denmark and Sweden
... an unprecedentedly high number of refugees, states sought to reduce their “attractiveness” by tightening entry conditions and reducing social security. At the same time, the situation with the number of immigrants in Denmark has again become the opposite of Sweden. This is illustrated by the difference in asylum rates in both countries due to the increase in migration flows in the autumn of 2015. In Sweden, there were approximately 163,000 asylum claims (mostly from refugees from Syria, Afghanistan,...
The modern economy of Russia’s Baltic regions in the municipal context
... population growth was underestimated in the Guryevsk MD, a suburb of Kaliningrad, where, according to the statistics, as of January 1, 2022, the number of residents was 146.6 % compared to that of January 1, 2021. In the Baltiysk UD, the situation was the opposite and the same indicator was 77.4 %. These are the most striking but not the only examples. In the Leningrad region, the current population registration data do not noticeably differ from census results. However, the municipal development in per ...
The Accession of Finland and Sweden to NATO: Geopolitical implications for Russia’s position in the Baltic Sea region
... took a similar position on this issue. It was dissatisfied with the interference of Helsinki and Stockholm in the country’s internal affairs under the pretext of ‘anti-democratic’ trends in the policies of the Viktor Orban government. With their opposition, Ankara and Budapest disrupted the original plan of Helsinki and Stockholm to join NATO simultaneously.
In this regard, some experts in Sweden express concern that this time gap between Finland and Sweden in joining the Alliance and probable ...
Migration distances in Russia: a demographic profile of migrants
... it is associated with substantial travel-related difficulties: the poor quality of roads, the unavailability of direct travel options, and the need to change between modes of transport. The nature and climate of one’s region of origin may produce opposite effects: a migrant might strive to move to an area with similar or, on the contrary, entirely different conditions. Moreover, people may have very dissimilar ideas of these conditions. During our expeditions to Russia’s North and Far East, ...
Estonian ‘Balticness’ as a social construct: meanings and contextual specifics
....<10> On the other hand, he mentions in the same statement the ‘shared unhappy experiences’ of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, acknowledging the existence of non-material unifying factors, such as episodes of a common history.
Setting the two in opposition, Ilves concludes that the Baltic States are too different in material terms to be legitimately classified as a single region. Academic science, however, views this approach as obsolete. As an analytical category, the region is defined not through ...
The two-party tendency in Poland’s political system: manifestations, causes and prospects
... ruling parties ceased to be a common occurrence in the second half of the 2000s [8, p. 359]. The discrete attempts to split PiS and PO from inside, some of them involving high-ranking politicians (see, for instance [9, p. 74—75, 78—79]), yielded an opposite result. They led to a further consolidation of the parties without threatening their influence [10, p. 190].
The dominant role of the two parties is made evident by not only election results and other quantitative measures, but also the high ...
On some particular functions of the Palestinian national administration
... plutocracy reigns supreme. The interdependence of the head of state, monopoly business and law enforcement agencies created a tangle that cannot be unraveled. The author points out that many actions of the leadership are aimed at protecting oneself from opposition forces and sentiments as well as maintaining power. Under current conditions, genuine reforms are almost impossible to implement since they can lead to self-destruction of the PNA structure.
1. Крылов А. В., Морозов В. М....
Variability of stress in the past tense verbs, short participles and short adjectives
The study established a wide verb stress variety, and stated the ambiguity of their dictionary fixation. The authors consider the traditional opposition of feminine gender verb forms to the other gender verb forms as a stable trend. The authors also denote a new opposition of the neutral gender verbs, marked as acceptable younger norm, with the type of accent paradigm a/c 2, 3. Wide variatian ...
The rhetoric and logic of the representations of the Russian-Turkish War of 1877–1878 in Russian public discourse
... not effectively controlled by them. In this article, I analyse the structure of the public language of 1876— 1877, which was shaped by different actors who used it to express their attitudes to the current events. I identify a series of principal oppositions employed by most actors. I analyse these oppositions from the perspective of orientalism and demonstrate that an orientalist vision of the conflict was instrumental in ‘Westernising’ the image of the Russian Empire. The critics of this ...
Between faith and disbelief: the theme of life and death in Yu. N. Ivanov’s novel Dances in the Crematory: Ten Episodes from the Life of Königsberg
... events and episodes from the life of the main character in the textual space of the novel. I prove that, at the ideational-thematic level, the principle of fragmentarity is manifested in the novel in the form of a series of antithesis themes and binary oppositions (peace/war, life/death, god/evil, love/hate, faith/disbelief, God/devil), which reveal the author’s worldview and integrate semantically different dimensions of the novel — subjective, psychological, moral, philosophical, and fictional ...
Opposition of modalities in petition formulas as a reflection of the business correspondence culture in the Russian languagee of late XVII — early XVIII cc.
... словосочетаний) : дис. … канд. филол. наук. М., 1968.
Vaulina S. S., Suvorova N. A.
business language, petition, phraseological units, formulas, business communication culture, business text pragmatics, modalilty of possibility, opposition of modalities.
14-21
Conceptualisation of transfer and translation in modern linguistics
... studies the vision of translation developed within structuralism, cross-cultural studies, and semiotics and compares them with the theory of cultural transfers. The authors identify key notions of each theory or school. Some of these notions — code, opposition, discretion, and border — permeate the scientific vocabulary of many linguistic schools. However, these terms easily acquire new meanings and interpretations in research works. The continuity of communication space is key to semiotic and ...
Conceptual opposition Soul-Body in N. Kononov's "Eugenia’s Genius": levels of explicit and implicit semantics
The author explores the conceptual opposition Soul-Body in N. Kononov's story «Eugenia’s Genius". The opposite members of the dichotomy Soul-Body have different forms of linguistic representation. The concept Body is expressed explicitly, whereas Soul is often implicit. Being related ...
The role of intertextuality in the formation of the opposition soul-body in Nikolai Kononov's «Eugenia's Genius»
... 2014.
9. Kundera M. Nesnesitelná lehkost bytí. Brno, 2006 // Místní knihovna Lubná. URL:
http://knihovnalubna.wz.cz
(дата обращения: 11.04.2015).
Dmitrovskaya M., Lazareva E.
Nikolay Kononov, «Eugenia's Genius», «soul-body» opposition, intertextuality
49-55
On the definition of "dichotomy" in linguistics
... functioning of the term "dichotomy" in philoso-phy, logic and linguistics; analyzes the essence of the concept of "dichotomy" and its semantic relatedness to the concepts of "antinomy", "antonymy" and "binary opposition".
1. Березин Ф. М. История лингвистических учений : учебник для филол. спец. вузов. М., 1984.
2. Бочарникова И. В. Репрезентация системы ...
The vegetative code in Nikolai Kononov’s short story “Anastasia’s amnesia”. 1. Look for the roots!
... “Anastasia’s amnesia” is used to study the mythopoetic code forming the basis of the writer’s works. The article considers the semantics of human life as vegetation in its connection to the “life-death”, “young-old”, and “top-bottom” oppositions. The author’s approach consists in reconstructing the writer’s method of meaning and text generation based on the game potential of language up to using a multilingual anagrammatic code and reconsideration of language category.
1. Виноградов ...
Semantic opposition as a means to explicate bipolar disorder in Stephen Fry’s autobiography Moab Is My Washpot
This article analyses the semantic oppositions essential for describing Stephen Fry’s bipolar affective disorder in his autobiography. This opposition is based on the ontological fragmentation of personality into the young I nar-rative and the mature I narrator. It is established that ...
The form and meaning of H. Hesse’s novel A child’s soul
The fictional world of the work is considered as one marked by binary oppositions of nature/civilisation, the world of children/adults, the ideal/the reality, the truth/a lie, fear/bravery, judgement/absolution, God/devil. The authors analyse the psychology of the novel’s main character. The central autobiographical image ...
Military and political cooperation between Germany and Lithuania in the late 2010s to early 2020s
... to assume the role of guiding them into the Euro-Atlantic community. Germany presented these actions as a practical response to the non-aggression pact with the USSR signed on August 23, 1939. Consequently, in the 1990s, Germany positioned itself in opposition to the USSR.
Symbolically, on the 45th anniversary of the signing of the non-aggression pact in 1939, on August 23, 1994, the B3 + 1 format (comprising the three Baltic states plus Germany) of foreign ministers’ meetings was established. ...
Sanctions risks and regional development: Russian case
... climate, for example, in some southern regions.
As expected, if the share of considered companies in regional markets was high, then the output index was lower in 2022 (correlation coefficient – 0.19), but in the first half of 2023 the situation was the opposite (+ 0.09), which may indicate a reorientation of consumers to local brands after the release of market niches or continuation of enterprises activity in Russia after a change in the ownership structure.<20>
As of mid-2023, 890 companies ...
Polynominativity of geographical objects in the linguocultural context
... names, encompassing both official and unofficial, widely used and niche terms, as well as neutral and connotatively charged expressions. 2) linguogeocultural factors: they contribute to the differentiation of objects based on culturally significant oppositions such as ‘near-far’, ‘left-right’, and subsequently transmit binary characteristics like ‘own-alien’,’ ‘good-bad’, among others. 3) linguoethnocultural factors: these factors elucidate the intricacies of the interaction ...
Spatial differentiation of rural territories in the Kaliningrad region: implications for socio-economic policies
... urban and rural populations increased, whilst both declined in the Baltiysk urban district. In the Svetly district, the urban population decreased against a growth in the rural population; in the Svetlogorsk and Yantarny districts, the situation was the opposite.
Figure 4 illustrates the role of natural and migratory movements in the overall urban and rural population change at a municipal level from 2010 to 2022. It highlights demographic disparities in the periphery, which witnessed a substantial decline ...
Book-centric picture of the world in O. Tokarchuk’s novels “The Journey of the Book-People” and “The Books of Jacob”
... influence reality through words and books. In connection with the dialectic of word and deed, Faustian motifs of both texts are revealed. In "The Journey of the People of the Book" and "The Books of Jacob," there is also an important opposition of feminine and masculine in the ideological-artistic structure of the novels. Connected with this is the polocentric aspect of "The Books of Jacob," where the issues of Polish messianism are raised, and the archetype of the Virgin,...
Language policy of Estonia: achievements and the future of education in the Russian language
... language policies—violations of the rights of national minorities, the assimilative nature of Estonia’s language policy—yet, due to the language barrier, rarely incorporate Estonian-language empirical material. This often leads to diametrically opposite conclusions about the prospects of Estonia’s language policy, ranging from the inevitable assimilation of the Russian-speaking minority to its successful integration into Estonian society while preserving linguistic and cultural distinctiveness....
Modern trends in paradiplomacy: a case of Russian-Finnish regional cooperation
... cities engage in relations with actors on an international political stage with the aim of representing themselves and their interests to one another” [24, p. 7].
The term ‘twin cities’ originally described the phenomenon of cities located on opposite sides of an internal state border. Later on, it began to characterize cities separated by an external state border [25].
For urban areas to be distinguished as twin cities certain criteria should be met:
— both cities should be located on the ...
“I lived in Moscow, the capital of the world…”: Moscow in the poetic geography of Alexander Galich
... will be continued in a series of articles) on the artistic geography (geopoetics) of Alexander Galich, one of the brightest representatives of the author’s (bard’s) song of the 1960s—1970s. The construction of Galich poetic world actualizes the opposition of the center / periphery, while Moscow (or another capital replacing it) acts as the frequency expression of the structural center, and the periphery can be represented as a) the Russian province, b) a place of memory, c) the space of otherness....
Idiomaticity of translation as assessive category
... idiomatic mode. With the help of introspection and corpus data, an attempt will be made to clarify the nature of cognitive failures arising from non-compliance with the accepted norms and defeated expectations in the perception of a translated text. The opposition “idiomatic” — “non-idiomatic” can be considered appropriate and sufficient in evaluating the quality of translation.
Boyko L.B.
language, idiomaticity, usage, translation, cognitive, collocation, naturalness of discourse, ...
Non-translation and translation in Heidegger, Losev, and Ortega y Gasset
... translation, proposing instead to consider ordinary words as philosophical terms. Despite the fact that such an approach may make the text appear contradictory to familiar norms, the philosophers insist on the necessity of violating convention. The opposition of translation vs non-translation is related to the multilingual nature of the text, as well as to the problem of language hierarchy and the attitude towards translating others' and one's own texts. Losev and Heidegger employ the technique ...
Evaluating the efficiency of the research sector in Russian regions: a dynamic data envelopment analysis
... According to our calculation, Moscow is not the absolute leader, albeit ranked in top ten. This is yet another proof that efficiency is a relative indicator, and leadership in absolute values does not mean using the available resources to the fullest.
The opposite situation is also possible, especially when the resource allocation system overrelies on the ‘achievement principle’. For example, in the dynamic model (unlike the one described in [24]), the Kaliningrad region is ranked rather low in terms ...
Efficiency analysis of seaports in Russia’s Baltic basin: performance evaluation
... considered from the long-term perceptive of commonwealth governance of economic, political and social factors.<2> In the short term, the perspectives of sustainable development may not be attractive, whereas in the long term, the situation is quite the opposite. This emphasizes the need of concentrating the attempts on considering different aspects of the ICZM with sustainable development goals on the strategic management level according to the proposed matrix (Fig. 3). There is an objective need to ...
Semyon Frank and the German Neo-Kantianism: Aspects of Debate
The widespread assessment of the early period of Semyon L. Frank’s work as being influenced by German Neo-Kantianism is in need of a critical scrutiny. There are several reasons why the Russian philosopher’s interest in Neo-Kantianism merits a closer look. First, two systemic theories belonging to different trends exerted a decisive influence on Russian philosophy in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries: German Neo-Kantianism and Vladimir Solovyov’s school of all-unity. Second...
The peaks and troughs of Russian-Estonian relations
... relations, but also created the first legal channel by means of which Soviet Russia could forge political and economic ties with the outer world.
Naturally, the socio-political systems of the USSR and Estonia were not only different: they were precise opposites. Although this imposed serious limitations on the development of relations across all spheres, the search for ways towards mutual understanding remained possible. In this respect, Tambi draws the reader’s attention to several remarkable episodes....
Territorial structure of inbound and domestic tourism in the Baltic States
... to the estimates of the World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO), the dynamics of tourist flows depend directly on GDP growth/decline. An average annual economic growth of about 4 % or higher translates into tourism development at an even faster rate. The opposite situation arises when the rate of economic growth is below 2 %. In 1975—2000, GDP increased at an annual average rate of 2 %; GDP grew by 3.5 % on average annually and international tourism by 4.7 %, i. e., 1.3 times faster.<9>
— Indicators ...
Reputation core of Russian authorities: the case of the regional level of executive power
... processes and make strategic decisions within the community. For instance, in a study to identify the key sources of the reputation of Norwegian mayors, interviews were conducted with the mayors themselves, as well as their partners and representatives from opposition parties [34]. The reputational method has also been used by Russian researchers [35]. In Russia, PRAVDASERM, a reputation measurement service, publishes a reputation rating of governors.
Various aspects of the reputation of authorities have ...
Cross-border tourist mobility as seen by residents of the Karelian borderlands: COVID-19 restrictions
... important/promising for the socioeconomic development of the region, compared to 34.6 and 30.7 % respectively). This difference is explained by economic, social, cultural, professional and other reasons.
Fig. 5 shows the distribution of responses to the opposite question, about the possible negative effects of Finnish inbound tourism to Karelia at a municipal level.
Due to the economic and geographical features of the border municipalities, their residents often interacted with Finnish citizens during ...
The sea factor in the federal regulation of Russia’s spatial development: post-Soviet experience and current priorities
... economy, as well as on the socio-economic development of coastal areas (2035 Maritime Doctrine of Russia)
The economic growth, which followed the 1998 crisis, opened up new opportunities for federal investment. Regional and maritime policies exhibited opposite trends at the time: maritime policy was gaining momentum, whilst the regional policy was relegated to the background: only major FTPs for the development of regions and the Kaliningrad SEZ remained in place. The reason was probably the then dominance ...
Semiotic representation of Minsk in Viktor Martinovich’s novel “Mova”
... main of these principles is the isomorphism of the part and the whole. The structural generality of the different levels of the novel and the novel space is based on the technique of inversion. There is a movement of value poles within the system of oppositions, at the level of narrative, plot and space (the aggressor — the victim, the East — the West, the centre — the periphery, one’s own — someone else’s). The generally accepted structure of the zones of the centre and the periphery ...
The Ethics of the Categorical Imperative. Lossky under the Influence of Kant
... substantial formative influence on him as a scholar. Moreover, Lossky was a disciple of the Russian Kantian Aleksander Vvedensky, and was one of the most successful translators of the first Critique. However, his own philosophical project is rather the opposite of the critical programme. While in the framework of Lossky’s epistemology the specificities of his reading of Kant have received a fair amount of attention in Russian scholarship, in the ethical field the Russian philosopher’s comments on ...
Cultural code of the city
... context of branding the territory. Vestnik Assotsiatsii vuzov turizma i servisa [Bulletin of the Association of Universities of Tourism and Service], 4 (10), pp. 89—97 (in Russ.).
Sorokina, T. E. and Petrulevich, I. A., 2020. Semiosis of The Conceptual Opposition “Self — Non-Self” in The Cultural Code of the City. Gumanitarnye i sotsial'no-ekonomicheskie nauki [The humanities and social-economic sciences], 6 (115), pp. 27—31 (in Russ.).
Teliya, V. N., 1999. Priority tasks and methodological ...
‘Polish Question’ in Lithuania and Problems of Polish-Lithuanian Relations at the Turn of the Century
... situation of ethnic Lithuanians in Poland. These contradictions are partly smoothed by common political interests: cooperation within the North Atlantic Alliance, defiance of the notorious ‘threat from the East’ and joint support for the pro-Western opposition in the neighbouring Belarus.
1. Ventslova, T. 2012, Vil’nyus: gorod v Evrope [Vilnius: a city in Europe], St. Petersburg, Ivan Limbakh Publishing House, 264 p. (in Russ.).
2. Grigonis, E. P. 2014, Litva i ee sosedi v proshlom i nastoyashchem ...
The opposition of homeland — foreign country in “american” novels “For Daily Bread” by H. Sienkewicz and V.G. Korolenko’s “Without Language”
The article deals with the peasant emigration to America in the novels of Henryk Sienkiewicz “For Daily Bread” and Vladimir Korolenko “Without Language”. The plot structure of the stories and the system of characters are contrasted for spatial oppositions “close — far” and “homeland — foreign land”. It is demonstrated that the peasant traditional patriarchal picture of the world is in conflict with the image of America as an urban civilization of modern times. The authors reveal ...
Semio-poiesis: on the birth of the semiosphere from the biosphere
... dualism of the genetic code, its simultaneous biochemical and linguosemiotic organization, and the processes of gene expression can be compared with what Lotman considered to be the basic principle of semiosphere functioning — the interaction of oppositely organized heterogeneous mechanisms.
Barbieri, M., 1981. The Ribotype Theory on the Origin of Life.
Journal of Theoretical Biology
, 91, pp. 545—601.
Barbieri, M., 2008. The Code Model of Semiosis: The First Steps Toward a Scientific ...
Decembrists in the novel “Journey of dilettantes” in the context of Bulat Okudzhava’s work and contemporaneity
... which achieved the peak of its popularity in the 1970s. The purpose of the study is to clarify the originality of the author’s concept of Decembrism at the background of two versions of the idealizing myth about the heroes of the past (official and oppositional). The hypothesis of the research is based on the ideas of Galina Belaya: it is challenging “indisputable” historical values in the work of Okudzhava and the close connection of historical issues with the present. The article addresses ...