Population change and the settlement system transformation in Poland, as revealed by the 2021 census
This article aims to analyse current geodemographic changes in Poland, based on the data of the 2021 National Population and Housing Census. Methods, traditional for socioeconomic geography, such as zoning, were employed. Poland’s population decreased during the inter-census period (2011—2021), with the urban population declining faster than its rural counterpart. The large voivodeships aligned along the Vistula ‘axis’ — Mazowiecka, Lesser Poland and Pomerania — outperform other Polish...
Immaturity and the objective of a true reform in ways of thinking. Part I.
The originality of Kant’s answer to the question of the Enlightenment in a 1784 article consisted not in addressing the words of Horace, which was commonplace in Germany of the time, but in linking it to the revised legal notion of immaturity, which is now interpreted from the philosophical and theological perspective and has become one of key philosophical notions. However, Kant’s view is fraught with certain complications: firstly, it is dominated by negative characteristics; secondly, unlimited...
. Genre specific of the poem by P.A. Viazemsky “Commemoration of the battle of Borodino”
The article focuses on the genre characteristics of P. A. Viazemsky’s miniature “Commemoration of the battle of Borodino”. Connections of the work with genres of an ode and an elegy are explored. The poem contains in itself elements of traditional ode of the Classicism epoch and largely intertwine with poetic of battle ode, this is largely about praise of the great historical event and Russian arms (Battle of Borodino) ...
Kant als Mystiker? Zur These von Carl Arnold Wilmans’ dissertatio philosophica
Carl Arnold Wilmans received his degree of doctor in philosophy in Halle in 1797 for a bold thesis. He claimed a latent similarity between Kant’s enlightened philosophy of religion and the pure mysticism of some so-called separatists — and sent his work to Kant. The fact that and how the latter reacted to it, makes the matter all the more interesting. Could Kant have been a secret mystic? The following study attempts to give a differentiated presentation of Kant’s intellectual relationship...
Logic Manuals for Women in the Late Enlightenment Era
In the focus of my attention there are six German-language textbooks in logic published in the second half of the eighteenth century. What distinguishes these books is that they were all written specially for women. While such works were fairly common in France and Italy during this period, they had something of an exotic character in the German-speaking world. Today these works and their authors are generally seen as secondary and marginal. Nevertheless, they may be of substantial interest in the...
From Marburg to Odessa: A contribution to a scientific bio-graphy of S. L. Rubinstein
... Cohen], Vestnik Russkoj hristianskoj gumanitarnoj akademii [Bulletin of Russian christian humanitarian academy], Vol. 15, no 1, p. 199—209.4. Gordіjevskij, M. І., 1930, Naukova j gromadsko-pedagogіchna dіjalnіst profesora M. M. Lange, Zapiski Odes’kogo naukovogo pri VUAN tovaristva [Proceedings of scientific as-sociation], no. 1, p. 1—47.5. Gusev, D. A., Rjabov, P. V., Manekin, R. V., 2004, Istorija filosofii [History of Philo-sophy], Moscow 2004.6. Dmitrieva, N. A., 2014, “Vechnyj mir” ...
The legitimation and criticism of violence in international law. A po¬litical science perspective
This article considers the practice of justification of arbitrary use of force, which poses a paradox and was not foreseen in Kant’s peace project. It is paradoxical because modern international law — unlike classical law — is aimed not at regulating wars but maintaining peace. However, the UN Charter provides for the right to self-defence before the collective resolution is adopted. Despite rather strict legal restrictions and international court procedures, cases of abuse of this right occur...
The German agricultural discourse in the 17th century (based on the treatise «Stratagema oeconomicum oder Akkerstudent» by Salomon Gubert
This article explores peculiarities of the formation of the German agricultural discourse as a special type of scientific discourse of the seventeenth century. The author performs a discursive and cognitive analyses of the treatise «Stratagema oeconomicum oder Akkerstudent» written by the German pastor Salomon Gubert in Livonia in 1645. The linguocultural aspect of the institutional communication is considered as the main distinctive feature of the discourse.
1. Арбузов А. Л. Очерк...
The image of the Ocean in the composition of M. V. Lomonosov's ode Morning Meditation on the Greatness of God
The image of the Ocean is considered as central for M. V. Lomonosov's ode Morning Meditation on the Greatness of God. The author emphasises the originality of the structure of this image and determines its role and conceptual meaning in the world image of the poet.
1.
Гуковский Г.
А
. Русская поэзия ...
Information and propaganda strategies in German non-state media discourse during the COVID-19 pandemic
This study aims to analyse the strategies supporting the German Government’s biopolitical health and life protection practices and how they were promoted in the discourse of non-state media outlets during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is assumed that non-state media used various pandemic communication strategies to achieve common biopolitical goals, striking a balance between propaganda and outreach. A comparative analysis was conducted of German publications that focused on the pandemic and appeared...
Kant oder Heidegger – Metaphysik, Anthropologie oder Existenzial-Ontologie? Kritische Bemerkungen zu einer Alternative Heideggers im Jahr 1929
In his first Kant book of 1929 Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics Martin Heidegger focusses, not surprisingly, on one of the two central themes from his two years earlier major book Being and Time — the question of the essence of time. It cannot be overseen that he tries to show that his conception of time is superior to Kant’s. Nevertheless, it is high time to examine whether Heidegger’s claim can bear up against a micro-hermeneutical and micro-analytical test. Such an examination, to be...
Von der mathematischen zur kritischen Metaphysik der Natur. Lambert und Kant
In the mid-1760s, Johann Heinrich Lambert wrote a letter to Kant who offered cooperation with a view to reforming metaphysics. Based on the short correspondence between the two philosophers, it can be shown that this cooperation could never really come about. Nevertheless the thesis was sometimes put forward in research that Lambert had a defining influence on Kant’s Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science, also, and above all, with regard to the Newton-critical moments of this natural theory...
Trägheit und Raum: Kant und Euler
Kant’s natural philosophy in the Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science is heavily influenced by Newton’s Principia. However, a closer look makes it clear that Kant’s project has also been influenced by other thinkers. One of these thinkers is Leonard Euler. His work was of great influence for Kant, not only with regards to his view on space and inertia but on the relation between metaphysics and natural science in general. Even though Euler’s Physics built on Newton’s work, he differs...
The Paradox of Kant’s Transcendental Subject in German Philosophy in the Late Eighteenth Century
The study of the “first wave” of reactions to the Critique of Pure Reason in Germany from the second half of the 1780s until the beginning of the nineteenth century reveals the paradoxical status of the Kantian transcendental subject. While the existence of the transcendental subject, whatever the term means, is not open to question since it arises from the very essence of critical philosophy, the fundamental status of the subject is sometimes questioned in this period. Although the meaning of...
Was heißt Fortschritt im Wissen? Gnoseotopische Überlegungen zur Aufklärung und ihren Folgen
This article focuses on the question of what “progress in knowledge” (Fortschritt im Wissen) since the Enlightenment could mean. The answer is rooted in a shift in perspective in our understanding of the Enlightenment, and in an awareness of the gnoseotope at the center of this perspectival shift. Given the fact that human knowledge has always been considered limited, the axiom called gnoseotope (from Greek gnōsis: cognition, knowledge and topos: place, area, field) can be defined as the...
Kants praktischer Platonismus
At the centre of discussion lies the reception of Plato’s philosophy, particularly his theory of Ideas, in Kant’s moral philosophy, his ethics and his doctrine of right. Kant saw himself as a follower of Platonism insofar as its anti-empiricist principles of human conduct are concerned, although his own version of practical rationalism differs considerably from Plato’s. This is also true of Kant’s conception of freedom and of human rights. The greatest impact on Kant’s moral philosophy...
Feyerabend’s Natural Law Notes and their significance for Kant studies. Preface
Natural Law Notes of Feyerabend is one of the most important sources by the research of ethical and juridical views of Kant. Dating back to 1784 they distinctly demonstrate that the basic principles of Kant’s philosophy of right are not a late production of the philosopher, but they have been formed already in the middle of 80’s of 18th century. Therewith we can use this lectures notes for the studies of Kant’s moral philosophy too, because of their closeness to the Foundations of Metaphysics...
Implications of J. L. Holland’s theory: applicability of RIASEC structure and assessment to English language teachers of the Kaliningrad region
This paper sets out to examine empirical implications of J. L. Holland’s theory relevant to the applicability of the RIASEC model’s structure and Holland-based assessments of 240 English Language teachers of the Kaliningrad region. The results proved to be mixed but somewhat more supportive of the applicability of Holland-based RIASEC structure for assessing vocational needs of Russian foreign language teachers.
1. Научно-производственный центр «Психодиагностика»...
Kant, Königsberg, and the Albertina. Excerpts from the letters of a Polish student
By the end of the 19th century, after three partitions of Rzeczpospolita by the neighbouring powers, about half of its territory became part of the Kingdom of Prussia. These geopolitical changes had significant social implications for the Polish population.Jan Swiecicki was one of many Polish students to be sent to German-speaking gymnasia. Some of them continued their education at the oldest Prussian university, the Albertina. Selected pas¬sages from letters dated 1802—1806 give an idea of the...
Kant and medicine
Immanuel Kant never considered the problems of medicine as a science in his works, however, his critical philosophy became highly influential in the late 18th century as to the issues of medical theory. The German physician and philosopher Johann Benjamin Erhard was first to address the theoretical status of contemporary medicine based on Kant’s critical foundations of science and arguments for the possibility of a philosophy of nature for the purpose of justifying medicine as a science. After...
Moral theology and the cosmological argument. Comments and delibera¬tions on a little-known Reflection of Kant
This essay concerns an unusual note of Kant’s that has been available in Hamburg since the 1920s but otherwise neglected in the Kant literature. This small 8 x 6.3 cm sheet belonged to the manuscript collector Oskar Ulex (1852—1934), who appears to have bought it from a dealer in France. Writing covers both sides of the sheet, with moral theology discussed on one side, and the cosmological proof on the other. A transcription and description of the sheet is provided, followedby a “Question &...
Paul Natorp
1. Белов В. Н. Неокантианство. Саратов, 2002. Ч. 2 : Пауль Наторп.
2. Гессен С. И. (Sergius). Пауль Наторп // Воля России: Журнал политики и культуры. 1924. № 8—9. С. 263—268.
3. Гессен С. И. Мое жизнеописание // Гессен С. И. Избр. соч. / сост. А. Валицкий, Н. Чистяков. М., 1998. С. 723—782.
4. Гессен С. И. Педагогические...
International Migration in the Periods of Transition and Crisis: the Case of Latvia
Migration processes are amongst the most relevant issues in the geography of the Baltic States. The authors analyse the changes in migration patterns from the early 1990s until today. The focus of the study is the recent trends of migratory movements in the case of Latvia. Due to the country’s economic recession, migration has accelerated in the recent years. Empirical results show the response of the migration system to the changing internal factors and external influences in the times of transition...
Poland, Lithuania, Russia, Germany: Models of Memory and Cultural Recollections
1. Berek M. Gutes oder schleschtes Erinnern? Die Notwendigkeit des Politischen in der Erinnerungskultur // Erinnerungskultur und Versöhnungskitsch. Marburg, 2008.
2. Assmann J. Das kulturelle Gedächtnis Schrift, Erinnerung und politische Identität in frühen Hochkulturen. München, 2002.
3. Staliūnas D. Savas ar svetimas paveldas? 1863—1864 m. sukilimas kaip lietuvių atminties vieta. Vilnius, 2008.
4. Langewiesche D. Unschuldige Mythen: Gründungsmythen und Nationsbildung...
Geopolitical regionalisation of the Baltic area: the essence and historical dynamics
The article discusses a theoretical framework for investigating regionalisation and geopolitical regionalisation, employing the activity-geospatial approach. The main theoretical foci of this study are system-forming, or region-building, socio-geo-adaptation and geopolitical relations. The article examines various types of transboundary and transnational geopolitical regionalisation as manifestos of geopolitical relations. These types are categorised based on scale, functional area, historical and...
Kant and the New Enlightenment: On the Balance between Duty and Utilitarian Ends
The relation between Kant’s philosophy and the “philosophy of balance” as it is described in the report Come on! Capitalism, Short-termism, Population and the Destruction of the Planet, delivered to the Club of Rome in 2018, requires some analysis. The authors of the report consider Kant to be a philosopher of European Enlightenment which laid the foundations of the modern world, but also proved to be the source of global problems. The report characterises the philosophy of the Enlightenment...
Dispute about Holbein as a dispute about faith: discussion around Fedor Dostoevsky’s novel ‘The Idiot’
The article is devoted to the controversy around the painting by Hans Holbein the Younger "Christ in the tomb" and the novel "The Idiot" by Fedor Dostoevsky, where this picture is the central ekphrasis. The aim of the study was to analyze the current trends in the interpretation of Holbein's painting and Dostoevsky's novel, in their relationship with Christian dogmatics, canonical requirements for depicting the image of Christ, the biblical context, and to establish existing and...
Distributive interpretants in the crossword metalanguage
... Crosswords). Review of Omsk State Pedagogical University. Humanitarian research, 2 (31), pp. 117—122,
https://doi.org/
10.36809/2309-9380-2021-31-117-122 (in Russ.).
Selivanova, E. A., 2013. Categorization as the key of enigmatic discourse. Visnik Odes'kogo natsional'nogo universitetu. Filologiya Odessa [Bulletin of the Odessa National University. Philology], 18 (2), pp. 111—120 (in Russ.).
Tsiv'yan, T. V., 1994. The answer in the riddle: the solution of the riddle? In: Issledovaniya v oblasti ...
Semyon Frank and the German Neo-Kantianism: Aspects of Debate
The widespread assessment of the early period of Semyon L. Frank’s work as being influenced by German Neo-Kantianism is in need of a critical scrutiny. There are several reasons why the Russian philosopher’s interest in Neo-Kantianism merits a closer look. First, two systemic theories belonging to different trends exerted a decisive influence on Russian philosophy in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries: German Neo-Kantianism and Vladimir Solovyov’s school of all-unity. Second...
The sea factor in the federal regulation of Russia’s spatial development: post-Soviet experience and current priorities
Current geoeconomic and geopolitical transformations project on Russian society and its spatial organisation, highlighting the problems of spatial socioeconomic development and its governmental regulation. This article examines the theoretical and applied aspects of the incorporation into the national regional policy of the sea factor, understood as a combination of location and resources, which is determined by a country’s jurisdiction over coasts and waters, its maritime activities and coastalisation...
Lifestyles of Kaliningrad youth
Based on an analysis of leisure and consumer practices of students of two leading Kaliningrad universities, this paper attempts to reconstruct the actual space of Kaliningrad youth lifestyles, as well as to identify and describe groups following these lifestyles in socio-economic and demographic terms. Five style groups are identified: the party people who prefer to spend their free time in bars and clubs; the hipsters who frequent theatres and lecture halls, whilst being staunch upholders of the...
Dialektik als Logik des Scheins. Zu Kants Lektüre von Michael Piccarts Isagoge
An unrecognised copy (1665) in Kant’s private library of Michael Piccart’s Isagoge (1605), an introduction to the system of Aristotelian philosophy together with Kant’s own remarks on this author (Refl 4160, AA 17, p. 439) can be established as an original source for the Kantian ‘ideosphere’. First, I point out contexts and consequences of Piccart’s Altdorfian Aristotelianism, in contrast to the Königsbergian Aristotelianism (emphasised by Tonelli’s research). To further check the...
Cross-border digitalization of the western border of Russia: potential and prospects
Border regions are significant geostrategic territories, which long-term sustainable development is one of the priorities of Russia’s national security. The specificity of their economic-geographical position necessitates the development and implementation by the authorities of special governance approaches aimed at finding a balance between the openness and barrier function of the state border. One of the most common tools for the spatial development of border areas is the sustainable cross-border...
Who is Rationalising? On an Overlooked Problem for Kant’s Moral Psychology and Method of Ethics
I critically examine the plausibility of Kant’s conception of rationalising, a form of self-deception that plays a crucial role for Kant’s moral psychology and his conception of the functions of critical practical philosophy. The main problem I see with Kant’s conception is that there are no theory-independent criteria to determine whether an exercise of rational capacities constitutes rationalising. Kant believes that rationalising is wide-spread and he charges the popular philosophers and...
The spatial structure of Baltic Sea ferry services
Ferry service is a transport system of regular routes which links areas separated by water bodies. Sometimes ferries are the only connection of an island and the mainland which is not rare in the Baltic Sea. A typical example of this is the island of Saaremaa. Ferry service is the backbone of cargo and passenger traffic in the Baltic Sea region.
This article aims to describe the spatial structure of the ferry service in the Baltic Sea. To this end, a statistical database on 101 ferry routes has...
German spiritual lyrics in the allusive space of Clemens Brentano’s fairy tales
The article analyzes the features of the allusions functioning in German spiritual lyrics in the tales by Clemens Brentano. The author's strategy of introducing allusions to the texts previously published in the collection The Boy's Magic Horn is considered, as well as the principle of double coding, in which the allusion refers simultaneously to the elements of spiritual lyrics and to the Bible or famous prayers, which increases the likelihood of recognizing an allusive meaning. Various ways of...
Kant as the German Theorist of the French Revolution: the Origin of a Dogma
The origins in Marxist-Leninist philosophy of the dogma about Kant as the German theorist of the French Revolution requires some analysis and I explain how a phrase of Marx later gave rise to the dogma. I first look at the sources that influenced K. Marx’s view of Kant and the French Revolution, above all С. F. Bachmann and H. Heine. I then examine the form in which Kant’s philosophy was compared with the French Revolution in the non-Bolshevik milieu before the 1917 Russian Revolution (P. Ya...
Schelling’s Criticism of Ontological Argument and Interpretation of Kant’s Doctrine of the Ideal of Reason
To reconstruct a critique of the ontological proof of the existence of God in Schelling’s philosophy I examine his interpretation of the ontological argument by Anselm of Canterbury and Descartes as well as Schelling’s assessment of the critique of the Kantian ontological proof of the existence of God. I propose a reconstruction of Schelling’s account of undoubted being which cannot be deduced from the concept of the totality of all that is possible and therefore must come before any thought...
Functions of syntactic structures in the context of jakobson’s model of communication
... Yevgeny Boratynsky's poem, the ‘twilight’ syntax with its particular complexity of organisation contributes to the archaization of the style of the philosophical elegy and brings it closer to the traditions of preaching, psalm, and spiritual ode.
Baratynskii, E. A., 1989. Polnoe sobranie stikhotvorenii [Complete collection of poems]. Leningrad (in Russ.).
Feshchenko, V. V., 2021. Artistic communication: from semiotic models to linguo-aesthetic theory. Slovo. ru: baltiiskii aktsent [Slovo....
Translating philosophical aesthetics: Peritext as a window into the translator's mind. Part 2
Providing space for elucidating key translational issues is not a mundane practice but a privilege only hand-picked texts enjoy, philosophical writings among them. The challenge of translating philosophical discourse is widely recognized but scarcely explored. In this article, translation of philosophical texts is regarded as a procedure of knowledge transfer from one intellectual space into another and of knowledge-making through reconceptualization of key terms. This process is made partly observable...
Die Einbildungskraft als Gegenstand fachübergreifender Diskurse im 18. Jahrhundert (Rev.: R. Meer, G. Motta und G. Stiening, Hg., Konzepte der Einbildungskraft in der Philosophie, den Wissenschaften und den Künsten des 18. Jahrhunderts: Festschrift zum 65
Das vorliegende Buch greift mit dem Vermögen der Einbildungskraft ein Thema auf, das in eine lebhafte Forschungsdiskussion eingebettet ist (vgl. zuletzt etwa Schäfer, 2019; Fliethmann, 2019; Mühlbacher, 2019; Moeller und Whitehead, 2019; Horstmann, 2018; Costelloe, 2018; Altschuler, 2018; Sommadossi, 2018). Dem Band gelingt es, namhafte Forscherinnen und Forscher aus verschiedenen Disziplinen — der Philosophie, der Wissenschaftsgeschichte und den Kunstwissenschaften — zu diesem Thema zu versammeln...
The Real Target of Kant’s “Refutation”
Kant was never satisfied with the version of his “Refutation” published in 1787 (KrV, B 275-279). His dissatisfaction is already evident in the footnote added to the preface of the second edition of the Critique in 1787. As a matter of fact, Kant continued to rework his argument for at least six years after 1787. The main exegetical problem is to figure out who is the target of the “Refutation”: a non-sceptic idealist or a global sceptic of Cartesian provenance or both. In this last case...
God’s Law or Categorical Imperative: on Crusian Issues of Kantian Morality
The ethics of Kant and the ethics of Crusius are strikingly similar. This is manifested in a whole range of principles and concepts. Crusius’ moral teaching hinges on the rigorous moral law which has to be obeyed absolutely, and which makes it different from other prescriptions that are binding only to a relative degree. This is very close to the Kantian distinction between hypothetical and categorical imperatives. Another salient feature of Crusius’ moral teaching is the stress laid on the sphere...
Kant on Human Dignity: Autonomy, Humanity, and Human Rights
This paper explores the new frontier within Kantian scholarship which suggests that Kant places so much special importance on the value of rational nature that the supreme principle of morality and the concept of human dignity are both grounded on it. Advocates of this reading argue that the notion of autonomy and dignity should now be considered as the central claim of Kant’s ethics, rather than the universalisation of maxims. Kant’s ethics are termed as repugnant for they place a high demand...