Human Development Index as a Tool to Assess Social Development in the Baltic States
... are composite indices that take into account various components affecting the quality of life. This article analyses the current level and changes in the social development of the Baltic States in 1990—2016. The analysis is based on the values of human development index. Having distinct advantages and disadvantages, this index remains to be the most popular and influential tool for assessing a country’s social development. A statistical analysis carried out with the use of HDI values makes it ...
Kant on Human Dignity: Autonomy, Humanity, and Human Rights
This paper explores the new frontier within Kantian scholarship which suggests that Kant places so much special importance on the value of rational nature that the supreme principle of morality and the concept of human dignity are both grounded on it. Advocates of this reading argue that the notion of autonomy and dignity should now be considered as the central claim of Kant’s ethics, rather than the universalisation of maxims. Kant’s ethics are termed as ...
Fetal behavior and the prediction of neuropsychiatric development
... postnatal life / ed. H. F. R. Prechtl. Oxford, 1984. Vol. 94. P. 79—92.
4. Einspieler C., Prechtl H. F. R., Ferrari F. et al. The qualitative assessment of general movements in preterm, term and young infants — review of the methodology // Early Human Development. 1997. Vol. 50. P. 47—60.
5. Amiel-Tisson C., Gosselin J. From neonatal to fetal neurology: some clues for interpreting fetal findings // Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2008. Vol. 2(3). P. 48—63....
Societal security in the Baltic Sea Region: the Russian perspective
... environmental problems, food and water quality, etc. This study is based on such — enhanced — understanding of the societal security concept.
The post-Copenhagen School approaches that try to connect the notion of societal security to the concepts of human security, sustainability and resilience are slowly gaining momentum in the Russian political discourse; however, they are still not very popular in the academic community or among decision-makers. With very few exceptions, there is almost no research ...
Kant on evil in the human nature
... following structure: first, the author emphasis that, for Kant, evil is a practical moral phenomenon unlike, for example, metaphysically interpreted evil. It is shown that the problem of evil is closely connected to that of the nature or essence of a human being. The article presents an analysis of Kant’s notion of human ‘nature’. It is emphasised that Kant understands ‘human nature’ as mere “subjective grounds” of the exercise of freedom. Further, the author analyses the factors determining ...
Digital Technology: Reflections on the Difference between Instrumental Rationality and Practical Reason
Are computers on the way to acquiring “superintelligence”? Can human deliberation and decision-making be fully simulated by the mechanical execution of AI programmes? On close examination these expectations turn out not to be well-founded, since algorithms (or, in Kantian terms, “imperatives of skill” that are ...
Language and the nature of humanness. Invitation to a discussion
... domain of language, calls for a radical revision of the extant views on the relationship between language and mind, language and cognition, and language and consciousness. An ecological approach to language assumes that the cognitive dynamics of humans as living systems consists in the adaptive interactional behaviour in the relational domain of linguistic interactions. This domain constitutes the ecological niche of humans as organism-environment systems. It is in this continuously self-constructed ...
Influence of hematopoietic growth factors on the activation status and functional activity of human T-lymphocytes
... Иммунология : уУчебник. М., 2010.
6. Larbi A., Fulop T. From «Truly Naïve» to «Exhausted Senescent» T Cells: When Markers Predict Functionality // Cytometry Part A. 2014. Vol. 85A. P. 25—35.
7. Briend E., Colle J. H., Fontan E. et al. Human glycoprotein HGP92 induces cytokine synthesis in mouse mononuclear phagocytes // Int Immunol. 1995. Vol. 7. P. 1753—1761.
8. Brugger W., Mocklin W., Heirnfeld S. et al. Ex vivo expansion of enriched peripheral blood CD34+ progenitor cells by stem ...
Russia and the European Union: an elusive quest for common values?
... the current state of the EU-Russia dialogue (section 1), East-West cooperation in the framework of the Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (section 2), and the position of the Council of Europe member states on the European Court for Human Rights (section 3). The author comes to a conclusion that the concept of “common values” is to a great degree fictitious, and its viability depends on whether Russia behaves as a European country. The complete internalisation of democratic values,...
Who is the one who uses the human language? On Alexsander Kravchenko's article "Language and the Nature of Humanity")
... inadequate to the task. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the marginal manifestations of language as fully as possible to obtain truly universal results, which is impossible without clarifying the nature of man as the user of language. Human nature is in a very complex relationship with human biology in its anthropological understanding and the biology of Homo sapiens as an object of zoology as one of its components. The doctrines of different epochs and schools of thought, from the ...
Ergonomics and the translation process
...., 1982. Psychological and ergonomic factors in machine translation. In: V. Lawson (ed.). Practical Experience of Machine Translation. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing, pp. 75—78.
Cadwell, P., Castilho, S., O’Brien, S. and Mitchell, L., 2016. Human factors in machine translation and post-editing among institutional translators. Translation Spaces, 5 (2), pp. 222—243.
Canfora, C. and Ottmann, A., 2015. Risikomanagement für Übersetzungen. Trans-kom, 8 (2), pp. 314—346.
CCOHS, 2011. Office ...
Human rights in EU-Russia relations: a human rights mechanism
This article considers the human rights issues in relations between the Russian Federation and the European Union in the context of formal agreements and real policy from 1994 to the beginning of 2013. The EU regards human rights as fundamental values, which serve as the basis ...
The international legal regulation of the status of voluntary human shields
The analysis of existing rule of International humanitarian law governing the cases of use of human shields by the parties of armed conflict justifies the conclusion that these persons are a sui generis case and should be regarded as an exception to a number of general rules. As a result, they should not be classified as taking a direct part in ...
Human Resource Efficiency as a Development Factor for the Kaliningrad Economy
Various studies of economic and geographical relations in Russian regions often overemphasise the role of economy. However, the quality and quantity of human resources is one of the key factors behind distribution and development of production. Human resources are of even more importance in the Kaliningrad exclave. This paper aims to increase understanding of the role of human resources in the economic ...
The Russian language in modern Estonia: functioning, learning, features
This article summarises the observations of different authors about the modern condition of the Russian language in Estonia, outlines the emerging areas of research on the use of the Russian language and the features of language policy. The features of diaspora speech are described from the perspective of words and phrases, grammar indicators, language reflection, time, place, features of speech practices, and evaluations. The author considers the influence of language situation on the basic psychological...
Reputation and status in Denmark’s strategic culture
... liberal world order and associated multilateral institutions. Denmark’s value-driven militarised foreign political activism in the post-Cold War era is thus not only pragmatic but also ideological as it seeks to promote liberal values, democracy and human rights under American leadership. The article concludes that factoring in status and reputation in strategic culture studies may complement the explanations of security community formation, alliance strategies and the dynamics behind relations within ...
Action-thoughts and the genesis of time in linguistic semiosis
... flow helps elucidate the triad ‘present-past-future’ as an instance of the epistemological trap of language: ‘past’ and ‘future’ are mental constructs that belong to the present just as any other act of thinking.
Arendt, H., 1998. The Human Condition. Chicago.
Arutunova, N. D., 1999. Yazyk i mir cheloveka [Language and the Human World]. Moscow (in Russ.).
Augustine of Hippo, 1992. Ispoved'. Istoriya moikh bedstvii [Confessions of St. Augustine]. Moscow (in Russ.).
Auletta, G., 2011....
The marine component of human geography studies in Post-Soviet Russia: key trends and development priorities
... country’s military infrastructure and settlement system starting to gravitate towards the world ocean. This article uses bibliographical and scientometric materials to explore the factors, features and priorities of the development of Russian post-Soviet human geography of the world ocean. Special attention is paid to the path dependence in the evolution of this branch of geography (associated with the established professional community, the fundamental research themes and the basic concepts) and the ...
The Boundaries of Ecological Ethics: Kant’s Philosophy in Dialog with the “End of Human Exclusiveness” Thesis
The developers of ecological ethics claim that the rationale of anthropocentrism is false. Its main message is that natural complexes and resources exist to be useful to the human being who sees them only from the perspective of using them and does not take into account their intrinsic value. Kant’s anthropocentric teaching argues that the instrumental attitude to nature has its limits. These limits are hard to determine ...
Small towns of Latvia: disparities in regional and urban development
... responsible and economically developed environment, well up to the standards of EU residents.
The extensive historical network of Latvia’s towns provides them with ample opportunities to preserve their cultural diversity and environment, whilst developing human resources, enhancing technological capabilities and embracing new practices in an ambiguous and uncertain socio-economic situation in the country and society. It is worth noting that EU membership allows Latvian towns to make independent decisions ...
Demographic development processes in the history of the Kaliningrad region: national trends and regional specifics
... region), Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Istoriya [Bulletin of the Perm University. History], № 3 (46), p. 118—136 (in Russ.).
10. Kostyashov, Yu. V. 1996, Settlement of the Kaliningrad region after the Second World War, Gumanitarnaya nauka v Rossii [Humanities in Russia], vol. 2, М., p. 82—88 (in Russ.).
11. Kostyashov, Yu. V. 2005, Returning in the process of settling the Kaliningrad region in the post-war years, Baltiiskii region v istorii Rossii i Evropy [The Baltic region in the history of ...
The coasts we live in: can there be a single definition for a coastal zone?
... 71—78. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2013.12.007.
4. Harvey, N., Nicholls, R. 2008, Global sea-level rise and coastal vulnerability, Sustainability Science, no. 3, p. 5—7.
5. Small, C., Nicholls, R.J. 2003, A global analysis of human settlement in coastal zones, Journal of Coastal Research, vol. 19, no. 3, p. 584—599.
6. Barbier, E.B. et al. 2008, Coastal Ecosystem-Based Management with Nonlinear Ecological Functions and Values, Science, no. 319, p. 321—323. doi: http://dx....
Watershed or Cul-de-Sac? Disputes in the Theological Reception of Kant’s Philosophy
Kant’s turn to the subject has changed the epistemological conditions for theology. Four intellectual backgrounds of objections are examined: an Aristotelian and Thomistic teleological order of nature (1); Augustinianism based on original sin in which human agency is completely attributed to God’s grace (2); a Hegelian critique of the deontological conception of an “unconditional ought” which also puts Kant’s postulate of the existence of God into question (3); the combination in Radical Orthodoxy ...
The Embodied Practical Ideal: Kant’s Ethicotheology and Godmanhood
... of the embodiment of the archetype of moral perfection. Kant raises the problem of the ontology of the ideal in the shape of the question about the conditions that make actual experience possible: the ideal of holiness resides in reason, i. e. in the human being, but the dominance of radical evil over the human will puts it out of human reach either in thought or in practice. For rational thought it is more natural to imagine the practical reality of the archetype as the embodiment of the authentic ...
Kantian Approaches to Human Reproduction: Both Favourable and Unfavourable
Recent years have seen a surge of interest in the question of whether humans should reproduce. Some say human life is too punishing and cruel to impose upon an innocent. Others hold that such harms do not undermine the great and possibly unique value of human life. Tracing these outlooks historically in the debate has barely ...
Discursive practices of the Russian diaspora in Estonia: language contacts
In this article, I use the concept of discursive practices to consider the speech practices of the Russian diaspora of Estonia. The findings of the study suggest the existence of an invariant discourse generated by an exemplary member of the diaspora. Such a discourse has formal (borrowings, code-switching, etc.), semantic (referential shifts, semantically re-oriented vocabulary, etc.), and pragmatic features. The results of the diasporic speech analysis show that the key components of a typical...
Duty and Coercion in Kant’s Republican Cosmopolitanism
... stems from the statehood, so that to help other needy and less developed peoples and societies in order to boost that they achieve their autonomy as a state would not belong to the duties that a republic should abide to. Thus, the transformation of a human society into a republican civil union means according to Kant’s account of right the greatest contribution that a state could offer to enhance the cosmopolitan order.
1. Beck, V., Culp, J. 2013, Interview of K. Flikschuh, R. Forst and D. Moellendorf,...
The factors of human capital reproduction financing
This article is devoted to the analysis of influence of a certain set of factors on human capital reproduction financing. The basic factors are as follows: demographical factor, public sector development level, technological development, labor market situation, political factor, and the state of economy.
1.
Демографический
...
Property Right and Expropriation in Proceedings of the European Court of Human Rights
This article analyses property right protection in the framework of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and gives the definition of property subject to protection from offences according to the Article 1 of the Protocol No. 1 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and frames the ...
A man as a “citizen of two worlds”: The development of Kantian themes by Rosenzweig
... principal question as to whether Rosenzweig’s thought belongs to the tradition of Kantian philosophy.The author addresses the Rosenzweig’s interpretation of Kant’s concept of freedom as a hermeneutical cipher to expose some of his considerations on human nature. Rosenzweig acknowledges Kant’s achievement in attributing a human act to the major fundament, which will save a human from the universal claims of philosophy.The intelligible character of human causation and freedom as a miracle of phenomenal ...
Kant between liberalism and conservatism
... № 4 (Fall, 2008). Р. 375—404.
9. Insole, Ch. Two Conceptions of Liberalism. Theology, Creation, and Politics in the Thought of Immanuel Kant and Edmund Burke // The Journal of Religious Ethics. Vol. 36, № 3, Sep. 2008.
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12. Seebom, Th. Kant’s Theory of Revolution // Social Research....
The geopolitical effect of the maritime factor on the spatial development of post-Soviet Russia: the Baltic case
... the Indo-Pacific region [1], the nationalisation and regionalisation of politics and the economy [2] and, accordingly, the rise of ‘new globalisation’ and the formation of a multipolar world [3]. The change is also felt in such a seminal area of human endeavour as maritime activity, which seeks to harness the potential of sea basins for raw materials extraction, logistics, and strategic military and other uses whilst doing so with regard to settlement patterns and the spatial structure of the ...
Attractiveness of the Kaliningrad region: pull factors and reasons for disappointments of migrants from Russian regions
....org/10.17059/2016-1-9
(in Russ.).
18. Carson, D. B., Wenghofer, E., Timony, P. et al. 2016, Recruitment and retention of professional labour: The health workforce at settlement levelю In: Taylor, A. et al. (eds.), Settlements at the edge: Remote human settlements in developed nations, Cheltenham (UK) and Northampton (USA), Edward Elgar, p. 320—336.
19. Harwood, S., Wensing, E., Ensign, P. C. 2016, Place-based planning in remote regions: Cape York Peninsula, Australia and Nunavut, Canada. In: ...
Between the Eurasian and European subsystems: migration and migration policy in the CIS and Baltic Countries in the 1990s—2020s
... 2017, Native and foreign-origin population in Estonia, Quarterly Bulletin of Statistics Estonia, vol. 1, № 17.
24. Ainsaar, M., Stankuniene, V. 2011, Demographic costs of transition and the future of the Baltics. In: Lauristin, M. (ed.), Estonian human development report. Baltic way(s) of human development: Twenty years on, p. 44—51, Tallinn, Eesti Koostöökogu.
25. MPC — MIGRATION PROFILE Belarus, 2013, The Demographic-Economic Framework of Migration The Legal Framework of Migration The ...
Developing a center for social geographical research at IKBFU
In Russia, the polarization of the centers of human-geographic research is increasing. The role of Moscow as a leading center of human geography is growing. One of the centers of the secondary level, where the research is actively developing, is Kaliningrad. Its scientists collaborate with the other research centers and actively participate in network projects studying the socio-economic ...
Kantian Ethical Humanism in Late Imperial Russia
The cultural movement known as “humanism” has unfortunately not received a clear and careful definition. Historians and philosophers have lumped together their various understandings of outlooks that stress the value and importance of human life under the collective term “humanism....
Was heißt Fortschritt im Wissen? Gnoseotopische Überlegungen zur Aufklärung und ihren Folgen
... (Fortschritt im Wissen) since the Enlightenment could mean. The answer is rooted in a shift in perspective in our understanding of the Enlightenment, and in an awareness of the gnoseotope at the center of this perspectival shift. Given the fact that human knowledge has always been considered limited, the axiom called gnoseotope (from Greek gnōsis: cognition, knowledge and topos: place, area, field) can be defined as the area of relatively secure knowledge, which is subject to both quantitative ...
Social capital: a threat of negative application
... justifies a conceptual provision that social capital can be composed of not only positive but also negative elements. Most researchers, including economists, sociologists, and psychologists stress the importance of the formation and development of human capital in modern society. However, they focus on the positive content and application. Without rejecting this approach, the author proposes to proceed from the assumption that the inclination and abilities, education, will, value preferences ...
Kants praktischer Platonismus
... of discussion lies the reception of Plato’s philosophy, particularly his theory of Ideas, in Kant’s moral philosophy, his ethics and his doctrine of right. Kant saw himself as a follower of Platonism insofar as its anti-empiricist principles of human conduct are concerned, although his own version of practical rationalism differs considerably from Plato’s. This is also true of Kant’s conception of freedom and of human rights. The greatest impact on Kant’s moral philosophy is due to the ...
Digital World Communication аnd Translation
The introduction of digital computers, information and communication technologies (ICTs), and the Internet/Web has broadened the scope of communication globally in ways unprecedented in human history. The “digital world” implies more than the technical and instrumental aspects and usage of technology; it equally involves our tangible human social engagement and interface with the tools and technologies themselves. The relevance of ...
The metaphysics of science
... of science, which can be only of metaphysical nature. The experience of building a system of transcendental metaphysics combined with mathematics and physics shows that philosophy of science is necessary for solving the most important problems of the humanity rather than analysing or synthesising scientific knowledge or development it. Philosophy of science proper should be based on Aristotle’s idea of metaphysics revisited in view of metaphysics of self-consciousness and the doctrine of practical ...
Critical thinking and modern education in humanities
This article addresses the transmission of critical thinking in modern conditions via the humanities. The author identifies the basic features of critical thinking and stresses its significance. The humanities — foremost, philosophy — are considered as a means to create elements of critical thinking.
1. Бек У. Что такое ...
Associative-semantic network principle of human mental thesaurus organization
Present paper is an endeavor to analyze the outcomes of the celebrated experiment Violin, expressing the structure of associative-semantic links in human brain. Based upon evidence gained from objective neurophysiological methods, certain dictionary articles of the Associative Thesaurus of the Russian Language have thus been analyzed. A comparative analysis of behavioral experiments is offered based ...
Improving Human Resource Training Policy for the Balanced Economic and Demographic Development of the Kaliningrad Region
... demographic development is vital for ensuring the dynamic and proportional development of the regions. However, Russia as a whole and the exclave region of Kaliningrad as its integral part demonstrate significant disproportions between the need for human resources and their availability. This article aims to assess the balance between the components of the regional system of demography, education and economy system. It also explores the possible solutions to the problems revealed. The study relies ...
Creative Potential of Artificial Intelligence in the Context of the Idea of the New Enlightenment
The modern world is confronted with a series of global problems, exacerbated by technological advancements. In this context, concerns arise in the public consciousness regarding the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to surpass humans in intellectual and creative activities. The topic of AI creativity becomes pertinent and sparks debates within the scientific community regarding its creative potential. In response to these challenges, members of the Club of Rome in 2018 propose ...
“Conservative Enlightenment” as “Heroisation of the Present”
This text is a polemic against the 2023 article by Sergey N. Gradirovsky who wrote about the present-day relevance of Immanuel Kant’s concept of enlightenment and challenged the idea of the modern human being as a child who needs an external guardian or guide to control his behaviour. In my polemic with Gradirovksy I point out that in addition to “self-incurred immaturity” Kant writes about the historical “immaturity” of savage or backward ...
Pure and Impure Philosophy in Kant’s Metaphilosophy
... and Common Knowledge. In: E. Watkins, ed. 2001. Kant and the Exact Sciences. New York: Oxford, pp. 31-52.
Bird, G., 2006. The Revolutionary Kant. Chicago: Open Court.
Brandt, R., 2003. The Guiding Idea of Kant’s Anthropology and the Vocation of the Human Being. In: B. Jacobs and P. Kain, 2003. Essays on Kant’s Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge, pp. 85-104.
Caplan, A. 1980. Ethical Engineers Need Not Apply: The State of Applied Ethics Today. Science, Technology & Human Values, 5(4), pp. 24-32....
Tool-Kit for Ethical Analysis of Video Games: Answer to the Challenges of the New Enlightenment
... social development, which is closely linked with the moral ideal — the kingdom of ends — may form the basis of the concept of society in which individual freedom and social development are interconnected and the mutually determining elements of the human being in whom freedom can be exercised only if it contributes to social good. The Kantian interpretation of social development as the human being forming the sphere of free being can be the basis of a critical assessment of the content of video ...
Apology of Human Existence vs “Ideal Homicide”: S.L. Frank’s Anthropological Project.
... metaphysical synthesis. He set himself the task of “transforming” the Kantian philosophy into a new metaphysical system proceeding from the foundational principles of critical thinking. As a result, he managed to overcome the abstract concept of the human being characteristic of Neo-Kantians to put the concrete human in the absolute horizon of being at the focus of philosophical investigations. In his metaphysics anthropology begins to play a system-forming and meaning-forming role, and onto-epistemological ...